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Android For The 21st Century Learning Media and Its Impact on Students
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III. DISCUSSION
A. Definitions of Android
Android was originally a specially designed operating system for smart phones and tablets, developed
into additional applications in televisions, game consoles, digital cameras, and other electronic devices.
Android is open has prompted the emergence of a large number of the application developer community
to use open source code as the basis for the project of making applications, by adding new features for
advanced users or operate Android on the device which was officially released by using another operating
system.
Android can master the global market share, led by products from Samsung, with a percentage of
64% in March 2013. In July 2013, there were 11 868 Android devices with various versions. Android's
success also make Android as the target of patent litigation "smart phone wars" among technology
companies. Until May 2013, there are 900 million Android devices have been activated worldwide, and
about 48 billion apps have been installed from Google Play.
B. Benefits of Android
If we talk about what the use of Android there are features that exist on Android such as:
a) Handset layout
This platform can be adapted to larger, VGA, 2D graphics library, 3D graphics library based on
OpenGL ES 2.0 specifications, and traditional smartphone layouts.
b) Storage
SQLite, a lightweight relational database, which can be used to store data.
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c) Connectivity
Android supports connectivity technologies including GSM / EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO,
UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, and WiMAX NFC.
d) Message
SMS and MMS are available in the form of a message, including threaded text messaging and now
Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM) is also a part of Android Push Messaging service.
e) Multiple language support
Android can support with several languages, making it more flexible..
f) Web browser
The web browser provided by Android is based on the open source WebKit layout coupled with
Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine.
g) Java Support
Java classes are compiled into Dalvik executable and run on Dalvik, the virtual machine specially
designed specifically for Android and optimized for battery-powered mobile devices with limited
memory and CPU.
h) Support media
Android supports the following audio / video / still media formats: WebM, H.263, H.264 (in 3GP or
MP4 container), MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB (container 3GP), AAC, HE-AAC (in MP4 or 3GP
container), MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, BMP.
i) Streaming media support
Streaming media support in the form of RTP / RTSP streaming (3GPP PSS, Isma), progressive
download HTML (HTML5 <video> tag).
j) Additional hardware support
Android can use video / still camera, touch screen, GPS, accelerometer, gyroscope, barometer,
magnetometer, controls a special game, a proximity sensor and pressure, thermometers, accelerated
slightly blits 2D (with hardware orientation, scaling, pixel format conversion) and 3D graphics
accelerated.
k) Multi-touch
Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially available in handsets such as the
HTC Hero.
l) Bluetooth
Android supports Bluetooth A2DP, AVRCP, sending files (OPP), access the phonebook (PBAP),
voice dialing and sending contacts between phones.
m) video calls
Although Android is not able to support the original video calls, but some handsets have a
customized version of the operating system that supports both the UMTS networks (such as the
Samsung Galaxy S) or over IP.
n) multitasking
Android can do several tasks at once, or multitasking.
o) Feature-based voice
Android since its inception has been to provide Google search by voice, Voice actions for calling,
texting, navigation, etc. are supported on Android 2.2 onwards.
p) Withdrawal
Android supports the withdrawal, which allows the phone to be used as a wireless / wired Wi-Fi
hotspot.
q) screen capture
Android has native support for the ability to capture screenshots by pressing the power volume and
at the same time on Android devices.
C. Android as a Education Media
One type of mobile phone that is familiar today is android. Android introduced the approach of higher
and more complete with the availability of a variety of important applications [14]. Almost all walks of
life have to have android from both adults and children. Android is a software framework that includes
overall mobile device and consists of an operating system, middleware and key applications set [7].
Android applications provide features that are informative, and this is the feature that pamper users. If
you do a development on the features and more in this android app, then it will certainly attract more
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attention and interest of users. The benefits are no less important when it is developed for education in
Indonesia, especially physical education. \
The development of technology has provided an advantage in education that encourages students to
learn anytime and anywhere without being limited space and time [4]. The studies conducted have
provided benefits and convenience by applying mobile technologies (such as personal digital assisstants,
smartphones, and laptops) to the learning activities in various subjects such as science, social science, and
linguistics [4] [18] [10] [19] [20] [16] [9]. Mobile phone has a wide range of features simple and
continue to evolve over time: mobile phones not only for just a communication [11]. Students and
teachers in learning to access the Internet, send and receive text messages and then check email and video
chat from the hands of students and teachers.
Reference [1] conducted a study on the use of Mobile Learning on teacher education. Six playing
findings emerged: (a) there is an increasing trend in integrating mobile learning in teacher education
Contexts; (B) theoretical and conceptual perspectives are scarcely Reported; (C) variations exist in
perceptions, attitudes and usage patterns; (D) engagement with mobile learning and devices is primarily
Reported as being beneficial; (E) the challenges were scarcely Reported; and (f) Several pedagogical
affordances integration into mobile learning support teacher education settings.
Reference [5] found that "introducing new forms of teaching (Mobile Learning) Make students spend
more time in working on that subject, Comparing to the other subject. Also overall students' results are
becoming better ". Learning that will make students saturated monotonous and lackluster in the learning
process. So, we need new innovations in learning so enthusiastic students in the course. "Meanwhile the
new technology Gives new chances to students and to teachers to train Reviews their ingenuity [15]".
Evaluation and analysis of research on mobile learning until now showed positive results. However
[15] [17] states that the technological devices used in the study should be seen as a supporter and can not
replace the existing learning tool. In addition, not all types of learning content and learning activities
appropriate for technology devices [12].
D. Meximazing Android as Education Media
These features are provided in a very supportive learning Android because it is very useful to help
students understand the subject matter. This feature also allows teachers to explain the lessons learned
through the media, so the teacher does not need to explain repeatedly. Teachers need to choose the type
of media or features that will be used in learning so that teaching and learning can be maximized. Some
factors to consider in order to use Android Master becomes more leverage in learning as a learning
medium, namely:
a. Choosing the Appropriate Application
Using android maximally necessary adjustments between the proper application used by the subject
matter to be taught.
b. The Usefulness of the Aplication
The selected applications should be obvious usefulness, so do attempts to use it optimally. If the user
does not know the usefulness of the application to be used, this will cause confusion and learning
objectives can not be achieved effectively and efficiently.
c. How to operate this Application
If we are going to use a medium the most important thing is to know how to operate the media to be
used. Can we imagine if we did not know how to operate a media that will be used in teaching, might just
be ridiculed by his teacher. A subject matter that should be more easily understood if it is delivered
through the media would be very difficult to understand the students if the teacher does not mastered how
to use the media or applications used. Therefore, we must know how to use the application to be used so
that the use of media can be efficiently and effectively.
d. Advantages and disadvantages of the Application
Advantages and disadvantages of the application used must be known for the user who will use the
application to learning so that learning is more effective and can reduce the negative impacts of the
application used.
e. Whether or not the application is easy to use
Good learning media is media that can be easily operated so that the teacher is not confusion and more
time efficient. Some applications or learning media is difficult to operate the teachers feel complicated.
It will interfere with learning and learning objectives can not be achieved easily. Therefore, a teacher
must know whether an application to use easy to operate or not.
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f. The effectiveness and efficiency of Application
Teachers need to choose the medium of learning to be more effective and efficient. If learning to work
effectively and efficiently, the learning objectives will be easily achieved and students can better
understand the material presented.
These factors can be a guide teachers in implementing android application as a learning medium.
Application of android apps are also expected to contribute to the achievement of learning objectives..
IV. CONCLUSION
The development of technology has given new innovations in education so that students can learn
anytime and anywhere without being limited space and time. Studies of the technology that has brought
benefits and convenience by applying mobile technologies (such as digital personal assisstants,
smartphones, and laptops) to the learning activities in various subjects such as science, social science, and
linguistics. The technological devices used in the study should be seen as a supporter and can not replace
the existing learning tool. In addition, not all types of learning content and learning activities appropriate
for the device technology. So that the necessary measures as the spearhead education teachers in selecting
appropriate technologies with their lessons. Developing technology in education must continue to be
made for the creation of a quality education.
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