Diseño y

Comportamiento
Sísmico de Pórticos
Especiales
PART 2

Utilizando el Manual Sísmico del

AISC-2016

Preparado por: Ing. Francisco Evertsz, usando imágenes de

otras presentaciones del AISC

1
 Moment Resisting Frames

 Definition and Basic Behavior of Moment Resisting

Frames

 Beam-to-Column Connections: Before and After

Northridge

 Panel-Zone Behavior

 AISC Seismic Provisions for Special Moment Frames

2
Column Panel Zone

Column Panel Zone:

- subject to high shear
- shear yielding and large
shear deformations possible
(forms “shear hinge”)
- provides alternate yielding
mechanism in a steel moment
frame

3
Joint deformation
due to panel zone
shear yielding

"kink" at corners of
panel zone

4
5
6
Observations on Panel Zone Behavior

 Very high ductility is possible

 Localized deformations (“kinking”) at
corners of panel zone may increase
likelihood of fracture in vicinity of beam
flange groove welds.
 Current AISC Seismic Provisions permits
limited yielding in panel zone.
 Further research needed to better define
acceptable level of panel zone yielding

7
 Moment Resisting Frames

 Definition and Basic Behavior of Moment Resisting

Frames

 Beam-to-Column Connections: Before and After

Northridge

 Panel-Zone Behavior

 AISC Seismic Provisions for Special Moment Frames

8
2016 AISC Seismic Provisions

Section E3 Special Moment Frames (SMF)

Section E2 Intermediate Moment Frames (IMF)
Section E1 Ordinary Moment Frames (OMF)

9
 Section E3
Special Moment Frames (SMF)

E3.1 Basis of Design

E3.6b Beam-to-Column Joints and Connections
E3.6e Panel Zone of Beam-to-Column Connections
E3.6f Continuity Plates
E3.6b Beam and Column Requirements
E3.4a Column-Beam Moment Ratio
E3.6b Lateral Bracing of Beams

10
AISC Seismic Provisions - SMF
Basis of design

Special moment frames (SMF) are expected to provide

significant inelastic deformation capacity through
flexural yielding of the beams and limited yielding of
column panel zones. Columns shall be designed to be
stronger than the fully yielded and strain-hardened
beams or girders.

11
AISC Seismic Provisions - SMF - Beam-to-Column Connections
Requirements
Beam-to-column connections shall satisfy the following
requirements:

1. The connection shall be capable of sustaining an

interstory drift angle of at least 0.04 radians.

2. The measured flexural resistance of the

connection, determined at the column face, shall
equal at least 0.80 Mp of the connected beam at
an interstory drift angle of 0.04 radians.

12
 Example of Successful Conformance Demonstration Test
per Appendix S:

40000
M 0.04 0.8 M p
Beam Moment at Face of Column (in-kips)

30000

0.8 Mp
20000

10000

-10000

-20000
- 0.8 Mp

-30000
M 0.04 0.8 M p

-40000
-0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
Interstory Drift Angle (rad)

13
Required Shear Strength of connections

The required shear strength of the connection shall be determined

using the following quantity for the earthquake load effect E:
E = 2 Mpr / Lh
where:
Mpr = Maximun probable moment at the plastic hinge location.
Mpr = Cpr. Ry Fy Ze
Cpr = factor to account for peak connection strength
Cpr = (Fy + Fu) /2 Fy ≤ 1.2
Ry = ratio of the expected yield strength to the minimum specified yield
strength
Ze = effective plastic section modulus at location of plastic hinge
Lh = distance between plastic hinge locations

14
Required Shear Strength of Beam-to-Column Connection

Lh

Mpr (1.2 + 0.2SDS) D + 0.5 L or (0.9-0.2SDS) D Mpr

Vu Vu

Vu = 2 Mpr / Lh + Vgravity

15
AISC Seismic Provisions - SMF - Beam-to-Column Connections
Conformance Demonstration
Demonstrate conformance with requirements of Sect. E3.6b by one
of the following methods:

I. Conduct qualifying cyclic tests in accordance with Section K2.

Tests conducted specifically for the project, with test specimens that
are representative of project conditions.
or
Tests reported in the literature (research literature or other
documented test programs), where the test specimens are
representative of project conditions.

16
Conformance Demonstration

Demonstrate conformance with requirements of Sect. E3.6b by one

of the following methods (cont):

II. Use connections prequalified for SMF in accordance with ANSI/AISC

358
Use connections prequalified by the AISC Connection
Prequalification Review Panel (CPRP) and documented in Standard
ANSI/AISC 358 - "Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate
Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications"

17
 Section K2
Cyclic Tests for Qualification of Beam-to-
Column and Link-to-Column Connections

Testing Requirements:

• Test specimens should be representative of prototype

(Prototype = actual building)

• Beams and columns in test specimens must be nearly full-scale

representation of prototype members:
- depth of test beam ≥ 0.90  depth of prototype beam
- wt. per ft. of test beam ≥ 0.75  wt. per ft. of prototype beam
- depth of test column ≥ 0.90  depth of prototype column

• Sources of inelastic deformation (beam, panel zone, connection

plates, etc) in the test specimen must similar to prototype.

18
Typical Test Subassemblages

Exterior Subassemblage Interior Subassemblage

19
Typical Exterior Subassemblage

 Δ

Lbeam

Δ
Interstory Drift Angle  =
Lbeam

20
Typical Exterior Subassemblage

21
Typical Interior Subassemblage

Hcolumn

Δ
Interstory Drift Angle  =
Hcolumn

22
Typical Interior Subassemblage (with concrete floor slab)

23
Conformance Demonstration
........by use of Prequalified Connection

A Prequalified connection is one that has undergone sufficient

testing
analysis
evaluation and review
so that a high level of confidence exists that the connection can
fulfill the performance requirements specified for Special Moment
Frame Connections

24
25
 ANSI/AISC 358 - "Prequalified Connections for Special and
Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications"

Most Typical Connections Prequalified in ANSI/AISC 358:

• Reduced Beam Section (RBS) Moment Connection

• Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended End-
Plate Moment Connection
• Bolted Flange Plate Moment Connection
• Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web (WUF-W)
Moment Connection

26
Reduced Beam Section (RBS) Moment Connection

RBS Concept:
• Trim Beam Flanges Near
Connection
• Reduce Moment at
Connection
• Force Plastic Hinge Away
from Connection

27
Examples of RBS Connections.....

28
 ANSI/AISC 358:
Prequalification Requirements for RBS in SMF

• Beam depth: up to W36

• Beam weight: up to 302 lb/ft
• Column depth: up to W36 for wide-flange
up to 24-inches for box columns
• Beam connected to column flange
(connections to column web not prequalified)
• RBS shape: circular
• RBS dimensions: per specified design procedure

29
Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended
End Plate Moment Conection

a) 4 bolt unstiffened b) 4 bolt stiffened c) 8 bolt stiffened

30
Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended
End Plate Moment Conection

31
Bolted Flanged Plate Moment Connection

32
Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web Moment
Conexion (WUF-W)

33
Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web Moment
Conexion (WUF-W)

34