Spatial distribution and characteristics of Anopheles larvae

breeding places and their relation to larval density in Bulukumba

http://www.free-powerpoint-templates-design.com
Agenda Style
01 Background

02 Methods

03 Results

04 Discussion

05 Conclusion
Spatial distribution and characteristics of Anopheles larvae
breeding places and their relation to larval density in Bulukumba
Our Services
Insert the title of your subtitle Here

Background:
• WHO estimates that 627
01 thousand deaths
• Bulukumba is one of the
malaria endemic area
Goals Methods
spatial distribution and
02 analyze habitat
.
characteristics with density
03 Desain study was used
ecological study and
of Anopeheles larvae in cross sectional analytic
Bulukumba Regency.

Results discussion conclusion

• Predator larva is the most
influential variables on density
04 Results will be
explained in pictures
05 The discussion will be
explained on the next
06 •
larva.
Variables that influence larva
density are water temperature,
and tables page type of breeding place, aquatic
plant, predator larva and pH
Background

Malaria Cases Malaria Cases Malaria Cases

WHO Estimates that 207 Malaria in pregnant women increases

WHO Estimates that 607 the risk of low birth weight babies, inf
Million Cases of Malaria
Thousand death in 2012. ant mortality, abortion, anemia and
Occur Globally in 2012 even death in pregnant women

77%
The Bulukumba Health Office records the number of malaria cases based on API
values ​from 2009-2013

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

0,13

0,29
4,29 5,3 0,13
2013 the API value
decreased to 0.13
2012 the API value
in 2010 there was decreased to 0.13
API in 2009 2011 the API value
an increase in API decreased to 0.29
amounted to 4,29
value to 5.3
RESULTS
Insert the title of your subtitle Here

Table 1. Distribution of Anopheles larvae based on public health center

An.
PHC An.barbirostris An.subpictus An.vagus An.hyrcanus Negative Total
indefinitus

Caile 4 5 1 0 0 8 18

ujungbulu 0 8 1 0 0 5 14

Bontobahari 0 1 0 0 0 1 2

Bontotiro 0 0 2 0 0 1 3

Batang 6 0 3 2 2 6 19

Bontobangun 5 0 2 3 1 5 16

Tanete 12 12 5 0 0 2 31

Total 27 26 14 5 3 28 103
 RESULTS
Insert the title of your subtitle Here

Table 2. Distribution type of breeding place for Anopheles larvae

Type of Breeding
An.barbirostris An.subpictus An.vagus An.hyrcanus An. indefinitus
Place
Rice Field 14 4 5 4 1
Water spring 0 0 0 0 0
Ditch 0 0 0 0 0
River 3 0 1 1 0
Kubangan 2 3 4 0 0
pool 0 0 1 0 0
Temporary 0 0 1 0 0
pool
Ponds 0 8 0 0 0
Unproductive 0 8 1 0 0
ponds
Swamp 8 3 1 0 2
 Table 3. Characteristics of Breeding Place

Characteristic Of Breeding Species of Anopheles

Place
An. barbirostris An. subpictus An. vagus An. hyrcanus An. indefinitus
n n n n n
Physical Enviroment
Habitat Properties
Permanent 25 23 10 5 3
Not permanent 2 3 4 0 0
Speed of Water
Flowing 23 26 12 4 3
Not Flowing 4 0 2 1 0
Water Temperatur
200C-300C 18 18 9 3 3
<200C or > 300C 9 10 5 2 0
The Intensity of Sunlight

Open 16 18 6 3 2
Half of open 7 7 8 2 1
Close 4 3 0 0 0
Biological Enviroment
Aquatic Plants
Positive 24 22 10 3 2
Negative 3 4 4 2 1
 Continue

Type of Aquatic Plants An. barbirostris An. subpictus An. vagus An. hyrcanus An. indefinitus
Moss 5 14 0 0 0
Water Hyacinth 1 0 1 0 0
Grass 11 4 4 0 1
Taro plants 1 0 0 0 0
Rice 6 2 2 2 1
Negative 3 6 7 3 1
Plants Around
Grass 19 10 9 2 1
Shrubs 4 4 2 1 2
Forest 3 11 3 0 0
Negative 1 1 0 2 0
Shade plants
Negative 14 12 6 0 0
Rarely 3 3 3 1 0
Crowded 10 6 5 4 3
 Continue

Density of aquatic plant

An. barbirostris An. subpictus An. vagus An. hyrcanus An. indefinitus

Negative 8 7 7 4 1
Rarely 9 6 0 1
Crowded 10 13 1 1 1
Predator
Positive 3 11 2 2 2
Negative 24 15 12 3 1
Type of Predator
Fish 0 10 1 1 1
Tadpole 0 0 0 0 1
Et all 3 1 1 1 0
Negative 24 15 12 3 1
Chemical Enviroment
pH
6-9 18 20 9 2 1
<6 or > 9 8 8 5 3 2
Salinity
0-0,25 24 18 13 5 3
0,26-0,5 3 6 1 0 0
>0,5 0 2 0 0 0
Turbidity
Clear 11 12 9 2 2
Turbid 16 14 5 3 1
RESULTS
Insert the title of your subtitle Here
Table 4 . The influence of breeding place properties on the density of
Anopheles larvae
Breeding Place properties P-value

Permanent
0,045
Not Permanent

Table 5. Effect of water temperature on density of Anopheles larvae

Water Temperature (0C) P value r

20-30
0,017 0,235
< 20 or > 30
RESULTS
Table 6. The Influence of aquatic plant on density of Anopheles
larvae
Aquatic Plant P value
Positive
0,010
Negative

Table 7. Influence of predator larvae on Anopheles larvae

density

Larvae Predator P value r

Positive
0,000 0,423
Negative
RESULTS
Table 8. Influence of pH on density of Anopheles larvae
pH P value r
6-9
0,031 0,213
< 6 or > 9

Table 9 . Multivariate Analysis Effect of Environmental Characteristics on Density

of Anopheles Larvae

Variabel Koefisien β Adjusted R p-value

Square
Breeding place properties 0,240 0,009
Water temperature 0,258 0,005
Aquatic Plant -0,054 0,554
Larvae Predator 0,340 0,227 0,000
pH 0,121 0,244
Infographic Style
Distribution of Anopheles larvae in Bulukumba

PowerPoint
Presentation
 Discussion
This study found 6 cases of case houses,
01 namely 2 point case houses in Bulukumpa 02
District, and 4 points in Bontobahari District. the most dominant anopheles larvae
From the home point of the case, the are An larvae. barbirostris and An.
researchers found that they observed subpictus which is also the main
potential habitat for breeding of Anopheles vector in Bulukumba.
sp. Larvae. In this study, focused habitats
were defined as habitats within a radius of
500 meters from malaria cases with
consideration of mosquito flying distance
which is very limited in the range of 400 me
ters. The transmission of transmission
develops widely because several variables
that influence one of them are population
mobility activity
 Discussion
Spatial Distribution of Anopheles larvae

An. barbirostris in the area of ​bulukumba is more commonly found in areas in the highlands more
Are found in coastal areas and An. barbirostris can be found at an altitude of 0-800 m. An. subpictus Si
gnificant was found in coastal areas, namely in Bontobahari with habitat characteristics in the form of p
onds and in Ujung Loe found also in rice fields at altitudes of 8-100 m above sea level. This is
relevant to the research conducted by Ndoen that An. subpictus relates to lagoons, brackish water and
mangrove forests that receive direct sunlight Topography has a strong influence on the presence of the
Anopheles mosquito where the topography shows that An. barbirostris can be at any height while An.
subpictus is predominantly found in coastal areas such as research conducted by Ndoen et al while An.
subpictus at an altitude of 0-200 m An. vagus and An. indefinitus is found in the highlands and lowlands
, namely in the type of habitat in the form of rice fields. An. vagus and An. indefinitus is not found in
pond habitats. For An. hyrcanus is found in mountainous regions with the majority of habitat types in
the form of rice fields.
.
 Characteristic of breeding place relations with Anopheles
Larvae density
Physical Environment
Habitat Propertiees
01
physical environment variables that
influence the density of Anopheles
larvae include habitat type and water
temperature. In general the habitat
favored by An larvae. barbirostris of
sunlit water bodies, such as lagoons,
ponds, slow running waterways, along
river banks, and rice fields and
vegetation overgrown with vegetation
Water Temperature
Water temperature affects larval
02 proliferation. In general, larvae of
Anopheles mosquitoes prefer high
temperatures when compared to the
type of culicinae. That is why more
Anopheles species are encountered
in the tropics. temperatures between
20-30 are good for breeding larvae.
This is in line with research conducted
by Christiansen et al (2014), regarding
the relationship of temperature to
larval propagation shows that the
optimal temperature for larval
development of An. gambiae between
23-310C
 Characteristic of breeding place relations with Anopheles
Larvae density
Biological Environment
Aquatic Plant
01
Research shows a significant
relationship between aquatic plant and
density of Anopheles larvae. This is
consistent with research by Kevin A
and Caillouët (2008). Water plants in
the breeding site play a role in the
presence of Anopheles larvae. This is
because the aquatic plants can
function as a place to disinfect
mosquitoes when on the surface of
the water
Predator larvae
02
The presence of predators affects the
density of Anopheles larvae. Research
by Michael El al (2005) with a value of
p = 0.040 after logistic regression
analysis there was a predator
influence on the presence of
Anopheles larvae. this shows that
there are more predators, so the
density of larvae decreases. In the
research location the majority of
breeding places have no predators
 Characteristic of breeding place relations with Anopheles
Larvae density
Chemical Enviroment
pH
01
The degree of acidity (pH) is used in
the regulation of respiration and
enzyme systems in the body of
mosquito larvae. In this study showed
a significant relationship between pH
and density of mosquito larvae. This is
consistent with the study by Paulo et
al (2016) that the pH favored by
mosquitoes ranged from 6-9 with a p
value of 0.008 at An. darling
Conclusion
Biological environmental
02 characteristics of larval predators are
the most influential variables on the
density of Anopheles larvae. The
distribution of Anopheles larvae found
in this study was in the form of
An.barbirostris, An.subpictus,
An.vagus, An.hyrcanus and An.
indefinitus. It is suggested that
cooperation between the Bulukumba
District Health Office and the Public
Works Agency be needed to improve
the irrigation system, especially for
temporal habitats in order to overcome
the breeding habitat of Anopheles sp
larvae.
 Thank you
Insert the title of your subtitle Here