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Analysis and Design of Environmental Engineering Structures

Assignment 1

Tank wall 1 (T1a)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a uniform
thickness of 300mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall
is considered with boundary conditions of fixed at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.1a.

Fig1.a Fixed Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical
model is shown in Fig.1a.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. T=thickness of the wall= 300mm

Ks=118.4 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore K=59.2x103.
Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP BM (kNm) IS 3370-IV


0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.03 0.25
1 -0.40 -0.98
1.5 -1.39 -1.96
2 -2.93 -3.56
2.5 -4.83 -5.64
3 -6.49 -7.23
3.5 -6.67 -7.23
4 -3.28 -3.43
4.5 6.64 7.11
5 26.46 27.22

Comparison of Hoop Tension

Height HT (kN) SAP HT (kN) IS 3370-IV


0 11.93 10.21
0.5 57.0 55.97
1 101.58 100.10
1.5 143.60 141.37
2 178.61 174.87
2.5 200.21 194.88
3 200.30 191.63
3.5 172.50 162.62
4 116.81 105.82
4.5 45.17 37.59
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.36 0.012
0.5 -2.53 0.0578
1 -4.88 0.103
1.5 -7.25 0.146
2 -9.22 0.181
2.5 -10.0 0.203
3 -8.26 0.2031
3.5 -2.37 0.175
4 9.42 0.117
4.5 27.95 0.0458
5 51.70 (52.23 –IS3370-IV) 0
-30 0 30 -210 0 210 -52 0 52 0 0.23
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T1b)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a uniform
thickness of 300mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall
is considered with boundary conditions of hinged at bottom and free at top, as shown in
Fig.1b.

Fig1.b Hinge Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and
springs are assigned at each node. Loading is taken as water pressure distribution;
mathematical model is shown in Fig.1b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386 N/mm2.
T=thickness of the wall= 300mm
Ks=118.4 x103 kN/m3.
Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore K=59.2x103 kN/m.

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP BM (kNm) IS 3370-IV


0 0 0
0.5 0.213 0
1 0.211 -0.12
1.5 -0.237 -0.74
2 -1.37 -1.96
2.5 -3.33 -4.17
3 -6.06 -7.0
3.5 -9.03 -9.81
4 -10.91 -11.53
4.5 -9.20 -9.56
5 0 0

Comparison of Hoop Tension

Height HT (kN) SAP HT (kN) IS 3370-IV


0 -3.0 -3.26
0.5 48.82 46.58
1 98.63 96.02
1.5 147.94 145.46
2 194.30 191.63
2.5 233.75 229.63
3 256.43 252.10
3.5 255.44 247.60
4 213.03 205.51
4.5 128.22 120.12
5 0 0
Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 0 -0.003
0.5 -1.67 0.0495
1 -3.81 0.10
1.5 -6.42 0.15
2 -9.33 0.197
2.5 -12.13 0.237
3 -13.86 0.26
3.5 -12.92 0.259
4 -6.98 0.216
4.5 6.71 0.13
5 30.46 (29.68 –IS3370-IV) 0

-11 0 11 -260 0 260 -35 0 35 0 0.27


0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5
BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)
Tank wall 2 (T2a)
Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a thickness of
200mm at top and 300mm at bottom. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3
respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of fixed at bottom and free at top, as
shown in Fig.2a.

Fig2.a Fixed Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall. Due to the
virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is modeled as a beam on
elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs are assigned at each node.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.2a.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. Ttop=thickness of the wall at top=
200mm Tbottom=thickness of the wall at bottom=
300mm Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.
Ksbottom=118.4 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Ktop=39.47x103 kN/m. Kbottom=59.2x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)


Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP BM (kNm) IS 3370-IV


0 0 0
0.5 0.06 0.15
1 -0.25 -0.42
1.5 -1.0 -1.16
2 -2.12 -2.67
2.5 -3.17 -5.02
3 -4.27 -7.23
3.5 -4.70 -7.23
4 -1.90 -3.43
4.5 7.32 7.11
5 26.44 27.22

Comparison of Hoop Tension

Height HT (kN) SAP HT (kN) IS 3370-IV


0 9.66 1.53
0.5 54.25 44.03
1 97.97 90.71
1.5 137.42 137.80
2 164.38 169.77
2.5 210.41 205.00
3 227.83 191.63
3.5 183.44 162.62
4 119.34 105.82
4.5 45.37 37.59
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.3 0.0147
0.5 -2.29 0.0825
1 -4.43 0.149
1.5 -6.41 0.209
2 -7.5 0.250
2.5 -8.86 0.256
3 -8.78 0.231
3.5 -3.56 0.186
4 8.04 0.121
4.5 26.57 0.046
5 50.31 (52.23 –IS3370-IV) 0
-27 0 27 -230 0 230 -51 0 51 0 0.27
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T2b)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a
thickness of 200mm at top and 300mm at bottom. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and
25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of hinged at bottom and
free at top, as shown in Fig.2b.

Fig2.b Hinge Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and
springs are assigned at each node. Loading is taken as water pressure distribution;
mathematical model is shown in Fig.2b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386 N/mm2.
Ttop=thickness of the wall at top= 200mm
Tbottom=thickness of the wall at bottom= 300mm
Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.

Ksbottom=118.4 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Ktop=39.47x103 kN/m. Kbottom=59.2x103 kN/m.


For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP BM (kNm) IS 3370-IV


0 0 0
0.5 0.12 0
1 -0.02 0
1.5 -0.52 -0.37
2 -1.4 -1.23
2.5 -2.44 -4.4
3 -4.35 -7.0
3.5 -7.36 -9.81
4 -9.68 -11.53
4.5 -8.56 -9.56
5 0 0

Comparison of Hoop Tension

Height HT (kN) SAP HT (kN) IS 3370-IV


0 5.65 -5.72
0.5 50.50 42.80
1 95.34 92.64
1.5 137.42 142.10
2 171.61 191.22
2.5 237.53 230.55
3 287.0 252.10
3.5 268.30 247.60
4 217.97 205.51
4.5 127.22 120.12
5 0 0
Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.17 0.0086
0.5 -1.95 0.0768
1 -3.92 0.145
1.5 -5.93 0.209
2 -7.50 0.261
2.5 -10.47 0.289
3 -13.94 0.291
3.5 -13.81 0.272
4 -8.17 0.221
4.5 5.44 0.129
5 29.2 (29.68 –IS3370-IV) 0

-30 0 30 0 0.3
-10 0 10 -290 0 290
0 0
0 0
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5
1 1
1 1
1.5 1.5
1.5 1.5
2 2
2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)


Tank wall 3 (T3a)
Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a
thickness of 200mm at top and 300mm at bottom. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and
25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of fixed at bottom and
free at top, as shown in Fig.3a.

Fig3a Fixed Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical
model is shown in Fig.3a.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. Ttop=thickness of the wall at top=
200mm Tbottom=thickness of the wall at bottom=
300mm Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.
Ksbottom=118.4 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)


Results:

Bending Moment and Hoop Tension

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) SAP


0 0 10.98
0.5 0.04 51.76
1 -0.22 96.13
1.5 -0.86 140.55
2 -1.95 179.24
2.5 -3.42 204.59
3 -4.78 207.07
3.5 -4.86 178.60
4 -1.54 117.53
4.5 8.20 45.54
5 27.83 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection


mm
SAP
0 -0.33 0.0167
0.5 -2.20 0.0768
1 -4.19 0.136
1.5 -6.36 0.19
2 -8.36 0.232
2.5 -9.38 0.254
3 -8.06 0.247
3.5 -2.53 0.205
4 9.10 0.13
4.5 27.58 0.0486
5 51.33 0
-28 0 28 -210 0 210 -51 0 51 0 0.26
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T3b)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having a
thickness of 200mm at top and 300mm at bottom. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and
25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of hinged at bottom and
free at top, as shown in Fig.3b.

Fig3b Hinge Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and
springs are assigned at each node. Loading is taken as water pressure distribution;
mathematical model is shown in Fig.3b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386 N/mm2.
Ttop=thickness of the wall at top= 200mm
Tbottom=thickness of the wall at bottom= 300mm
Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.

Ksbottom=118.4 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Bending Moment and Hoop Tension

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) SAP


0 0 4.47
0.5 0.14 45.90
1 0.154 91.90
1.5 -0.082 140.55
2 -0.80 193.15
2.5 -2.22 233.59
3 -4.48 265.76
3.5 -7.21 269.21
4 -9.27 226.02
4.5 -8.20 136.8
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.14 0.0068
0.5 -1.64 0.0681
1 -3.39 0.13
1.5 -5.58 0.19
2 -8.28 0.25
2.5 -11.17 0.29
3 -13.40 0.317
3.5 -13.30 0.309
4 -8.27 0.25
4.5 4.74 0.146
5 28.49 0
-10 0 10 -274 0 274 -30 0 30 0 0.32
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall 4 (T4a)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Grade and density of
concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of
fixed at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.4a.
200

500
250

Fig4a Fixed Base


Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the middle part, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as triangular water pressure distribution and a moment is applied in the
appropriate direction and the analysis is done, mathematical model is shown
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in
Fig.4a. Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. Ttop=thickness of the wall at top=
200mm Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.
Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Ktop=39.47x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Bending Moment and Hoop Tension

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) SAP


0 0 1.97
0.5 0.18 47.34
1 0.178 92.05
1.5 -0.136 139.39
2 -0.88 180.16
2.5 -1.05 210.4
3 -3.10 226.85
3.5 -4.46 212.38
4 -3.44 153.2
4.5 2.97 62.47
5 18.77 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.06 0.003
0.5 -1.67 0.072
1 -3.55 0.14
1.5 -5.66 0.212
2 3.10 0.274
2.5 -5.6 0.32
3 -10.65 0.345
3.5 -7.13 0.323
4 2.41 0.233
4.5 19.93 0.095
5 43.67 0
-20 0 20 -230 0 230 -45 0 45 0 0.35
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T4b)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Grade and density of
concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is considered with boundary conditions of
hinged at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.4b.

200

500
250

Fig4b Hinge Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the middle part, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.4b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386 N/mm2.
Ttop=thickness of the wall at top= 200mm
Kstop=78.935 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Ktop=39.47x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) IS 3370-IV


0 0 -5.26
0.5 0.216 43.39
1 0.373 88.77
1.5 0.37 134.79
2 0.062 181.48
2.5 0.26 223.56
3 -1.93 263
3.5 -4.51 282.74
4 -6.80 252.5
4.5 -6.67 157.15
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 0.015 -0.008
0.5 -1.35 0.066
1 -2.93 0.135
1.5 -4.78 0.205
2 3.97 0.276
2.5 -5.40 0.34
3 -13.08 0.40
3.5 -13.76 0.43
4 -10.16 0.384
4.5 1.68 0.239
5 25.43 0
-10 0 10 -285 0 285 -27 0 27 0 0.43
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall 5 (T5a)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having thickness
of 300mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is
considered with boundary conditions of fixed at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.5a.

1000
300

300 Fig5a Fixed Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the top, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.5a.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. T=thickness of the wall = 300mm

K=118.4 x103 kN/m3.


Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Ks=59.20x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Bending Moment and Hoop Tension

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) SAP


0 2.71 40.43
0.5 2.24 66.1
1 1.13 100.6
1.5 -0.50 138.8
2.0 -2.52 172.6
2.5 -4.72 195.3
3.0 -6.54 197.25
3.5 -6.77 170.63
4.0 -3.38 115.4
4.5 6.55 44.97
5.0 26.40 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.18 0.041
0.5 -3.89 0.067
1 -6.17 0.102
1.5 -8.21 0.140
2.0 -9.82 0.175
2.5 -10.30 0.198
3.0 -8.38 0.2
3.5 -2.38 0.173
4.0 9.45 0.117
4.5 28.0 0.0456
5.0 51.74 0
-27 0 27 -200 0 200 -52 0 52 0 0.2
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T5b)


Description of model:
Description of model:

A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having thickness
of 300mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is
considered with boundary conditions of hinged at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.5b.

1000
300

Fig5b Hinged Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the top, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.5b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. Tbottom=thickness of the wall at top=
200mm Kbottom=78.935 x103 kN/m3.
Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Kbottom=39.47x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP HT (kN) SAP


0 2.71 27.62
0.5 2.41 58.2
1 1.74 96.65
1.5 0.65 142.02
2 -0.096 188.38
2.5 -3.22 228.82
3 -6.11 254.45
3.5 -9.13 253.47
4 -11.0 212.05
4.5 -9.24 125.26
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 -0.126 0.028
0.5 -3.03 0.059
1 -5.1 0.098
1.5 -7.38 0.144
2 -9.94 0.191
2.5 -12.44 0.232
3 -13.97 0.258
3.5 -12.90 0.257
4 -6.90 0.215
4.5 6.82 0.127
5 30.56 0
-12 0 12 -260 0 260 -33 0 33 0 0.26
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall 6 (T6a)


Description of model:
Description of model:

A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having thickness
of 200mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is
considered with boundary conditions of fixed at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.6a.
1000
300

Fig6a Fixed Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the top, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.6a.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386
N/mm2. Tbottom=thickness of the wall at top=
200mm Kbottom=78.935 x103 kN/m3.
Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Kbottom=39.47x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP Hoop Tension (kN)


0 -2.71 -19.42
0.5 -2.44 46.84
1 -2.11 102.57
1.5 -2.38 150
2 -3.39 187.39
2.5 -4.95 205.14
3 -6.44 204.16
3.5 -6.54 174.5
4 -3.14 117.37
4.5 6.76 45.37
5 26.55 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 0.087 -0.0197
0.5 -1.02 0.0475
1 -3.45 0.104
1.5 -6.18 0.152
2 -8.55 0.190
2.5 -9.64 0.208
3 -8.13 0.207
3.5 -2.35 0.177
4 9.38 0.119
4.5 27.91 0.046
5 51.66 0
-27 0 27 -206 0 206 -52 0 52 0 0.21
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5
0.5
1 1 1
1
1.5 1.5 1.5
1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

Tank wall (T6b)


Description of model:
A Circular water tank has a diameter 16.67 m with a height of 5 m. Wall is having thickness
of 200mm. Grade and density of concrete are M30 and 25kN/m3 respectively. Wall is
considered with boundary conditions of hinged at bottom and free at top, as shown in Fig.6b.

1000
300

Fig6b Hinge Base

Mathematical Modeling:
A cantilever wall is modeled considering 1m width and taking depth as thickness of wall.
Due to the virtue of curvature, wall will not have simple cantilever behavior. The wall is
modeled as a beam on elastic foundation, the wall is divided in to ten equal parts and springs
are assigned at each node. To account for the increase in the stiffness due to the platform at
the top, an additional spring is modeled. There will be a moment due to the platform.
Loading is taken as water pressure distribution; mathematical model is shown in Fig.6b.
Modulus of sub grade reaction Ks
Where E = 5000fck = 500030 = 27386 N/mm2.
Tbottom=thickness of the wall at top= 200mm
Kbottom=78.935 x103 kN/m3.

Stiffness of spring; K=Ks x Spacing x 1

In our case H=5m Number of parts =10 Spacing=0.5m

Therefore Kbottom=39.47x103 kN/m.

For the change section K= (Kstop x S/2) + (Ksbottom x S/2)

Results:

Comparison of Bending Moment

Height BM (kNm) SAP Hoop Tension (kN)


0 -2.71 -31.56
0.5 -2.27 38.46
1 -1.50 99.61
1.5 -1.23 153.86
2 -1.82 201.12
2.5 -3.44 239.66
3 -6.0 261.36
3.5 -8.92 257.42
4 -10.80 215
4.5 -9.31 126.24
5 0 0

Shear Force and Displacement

Height Shear Force kN (SAP) Deflection mm


SAP
0 0.143 -0.032
0.5 -0.144 0.039
1 -2.37 0.101
1.5 -5.34 0.156
2 -8.66 0.204
2.5 -11.79 0.243
3 -13.74 0.265
3.5 -12.94 0.261
4 -7.1 0.218
4.5 6.60 0.128
5 30.45 0
-12 0 12 -262 0 262 -32 0 32 0 0.27
0 0 0 0
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
1 1 1 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 2 2 2
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
3 3 3 3
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
4 4 4 4
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
5 5 5 5

BM (kNm) HT (kN) SF (kN) Displacement (mm)

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