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OPSC 2019 : Prelims Exam CIVIL

ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ENGINEERING Test 5

Subjectwise Test-5 | Full Syllabus Test-1 (Paper-I)

ANSWER KEY

1. (b) 31. (a) 61. (a) 91. (c) 121. (c) 151. (c)
2. (d) 32. (c) 62. (b) 92. (b) 122. (b) 152. (c)
3. (d) 33. (c) 63. (c) 93. (a) 123. (b) 153. (d)
4. (c) 34. (a) 64. (b) 94. (a) 124. (d) 154. (b)
5. (b) 35. (c) 65. (a) 95. (d) 125. (d) 155. (c)
6. (c) 36. (c) 66. (b) 96. (a) 126. (b) 156. (d)
7. (a) 37. (d) 67. (c) 97. (d) 127. (c) 157. (b)
8. (b) 38. (a) 68. (a) 98. (d) 128. (d) 158. (b)
9. (c) 39. (b) 69. (b) 99. (a) 129. (b) 159. (b)
10. (d) 40. (d) 70. (a) 100. (a) 130. (c) 160. (c)
11. (d) 41. (c) 71. (d) 101. (b) 131. (b) 161. (b)
12. (b) 42. (c) 72. (d) 102. (b) 132. (b) 162. (a)
13. (d) 43. (a) 73. (b) 103. (b) 133. (a) 163. (b)
14. (d) 44. (a) 74. (a) 104. (d) 134. (a) 164. (b)
15. (c) 45. (b) 75. (c) 105. (d) 135. (a) 165. (d)
16. (b) 46. (b) 76. (b) 106. (c) 136. (c) 166. (a)
17. (d) 47. (a) 77. (a) 107. (c) 137. (b) 167. (b)
18. (d) 48. (b) 78. (b) 108. (b) 138. (d) 168. (a)
19. (c) 49. (a) 79. (a) 109. (a) 139. (b) 169. (b)
20. (a) 50. (c) 80. (b) 110. (d) 140. (d) 170. (d)
21. (c) 51. (c) 81. (b) 111. (c) 141. (c) 171. (b)
22. (a) 52. (c) 82. (b) 112. (d) 142. (d) 172. (c)
23. (d) 53. (b) 83. (c) 113. (b) 143. (d) 173. (d)
24. (b) 54. (c) 84. (c) 114. (d) 144. (b) 174. (b)
25. (a) 55. (b) 85. (c) 115. (a) 145. (a) 175. (a)
26. (c) 56. (b) 86. (c) 116. (a) 146. (b) 176. (c)
27. (b) 57. (d) 87. (c) 117. (c) 147. (b) 177. (c)
28. (a) 58. (d) 88. (d) 118. (a) 148. (b) 178. (b)
29. (b) 59. (a) 89. (d) 119. (d) 149. (b) 179. (b)
30. (a) 60. (b) 90. (c) 120. (d) 150. (d) 180. (c)
22 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

4. (c)
Since the bar is free to expand, no stresses will be developed in the bar.

8. (b)
δtaper = 4Pl/(πd1d2E)
δuniform = 4Pl/(pd2 E)
∴ d = d1d2

10. (d)
E = 2G (1 + μ) = 2 × 100(1 + 0.25)
= 250 GPa

13. (d)
Strength of steel increases with carbon content but Young’s modulus remains constant.

15. (c)
P
σn = sin 2 θ
a2
P 2 P
= 2 sin 45° =
a 2 a2

16. (b)
The stress in the rails will be developed due to the expansion which is prevented
∴ Expansion = αL(50 – 30)
Prevented = (11 × 10–6 × 30 × 103 × 20) mm
= 6.6 mm
6.6
∴ Stress = × 2 × 10 5 = 44 N/mm2
30 × 10 3
17. (d)
wL 1 wL
Reaction RA at A = × =
2 3 6
Let the point of zero shear force occur at section X-X from left support A
∴ Shear force at X-X
wL ⎛ wx ⎞ x
Sxx = −⎜ ⎟ ×
6 ⎝ L ⎠ 2
∴ For zero shear force we have,
wL wx 2
=
6 2L

L2 L
⇒ x2 = or x =
3 3

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 23

18. (d)
The BM can be found from the area of SFD
The shear force diagram is
wL1 wL1
2
+ +
– –

wL 1 wL1
2
Maximum negative, bending moment,

wL21
M1 =
2

Maximum positive, bending moment,

wL2 wL21
M2 = −
8 2
For M1 = M2
L
L1 =
2 2

19. (c)
W 2W W

A B
RA RB
L L L L
The reactions at the supports A and B respectively are
W + 2W + W
RA = RB = = 2W
2
The SF diagram will be
2W 2W
W
+
A B
–
W
2W

The maximum shear force = 2 W.

20. (a)
wL
RA = RB =
4
wL 1 2 wx
Fx = − ⋅x×
4 2 L
wL wx 2
= −
4 L

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24 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

dFx 2wx
= − = 0, or x = 0,
dx L
wL
& Fmax =
4

21. (c)
Shear force,

dM ⎛ 3x 2 ⎞
S = = a ⎜ 1 −
dx ⎝ L2 ⎟⎠
if S = 0
L
⇒ x =
3

23. (d)
Due to hinge at C the part CB of beam behaves as simply supported beam. Thus reaction at B will
be in upward direction and equals half of the load in span BC.
Span CA behaves as a cantilever beam. Therefore B.M.D. will be sagging in BC and hogging in
AC and it will be parabolic.
For a cantilever B.M.D. will be as shown below.

Combining all the arguments answer will be (d) which is given with BM plotted on tension side.

24. (b)
Time by which the start of the activity can be delayed without affecting start of succeeding
activity is called as free float.

26. (c)
The stress at the extreme fibres can be calculated as
M 6M 6 × 16 × 10 6
fc = y= 2 =
100 × ( 150 )
2
I bd
= 42.67 N/mm2
To calculated tensile force acting on hatched area, let us calculate stress on section x-x
42.67 f
⇒ = xx
75 25
⇒ fxx = 14.22 N/mm2
∴ Tensile force on x-x

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 25

⎛1 ⎞
= ⎜⎝ × 100 × 25 × 14.22⎟⎠ N
2
= 8.9 kN

32. (c)
1
(σ )
2 2
τmax = x − σy + 4τ xy
2
1
= ( −40 − 40 ) 2 + 4 × 30 2
2
1
= × 10000
2
100
= = 50 MPa
2

33. (c)
Critical path is longest path time wise.

15 18
3
3 6
8 4
0 7 23 27
7 4
1 2 7 8
3
8
4 4 5
10 15

1 – 2 – 3 – 5 – 7 – 8 is the critical path.

34. (a)
⎛ φ⎞ ∈1 − ∈2
⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ =
2 max 2

=
( 100 − ( −200 )) × 10 −6
2
= 150 × 10–6
∴ φmax = 300 × 10–6

36. (c)
Path Time taken
1–2–4–5–7–8 7 + 3 + 4 + 8 + 7 = 29
1–2–3–5–7–8 7 + 8 + 0 + 8 + 7 = 30
The path 1 – 2 – 4 – 5 – 3 – 6 – 7 – 8 is not possible. Hence, critical path is
1 – 2 – 3 – 5 – 7– 8

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26 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

37. (d)
300
Proportionality limit shear stress = = 150 N /mm 2
2

120 − ( −30)
Maximum shear stress = = 75 N /mm2
2
150
∴ Factor of safety = = 2.0
75
39. (b)
1 ⎡
Shear strain energy = ( σ1 − σ 2 ) 2 + ( σ 2 − σ 3 ) 2 + ( σ 3 − σ1 ) 2 ⎤⎦
12 G ⎣

1 σ 12 60 2 600
= ⎡ σ 2
+ σ 2⎤
= = =
12 G ⎣
1 2⎦
6G 6G G

40. (d)
Slope in figure (a) is given by,
ML
θ =
EI
PL
Where M =
2
PL2
∴ θ = 2 EI

PL2
Slope in figure (b) is
2 EI
∴ θb = θ

41. (c)
The reaction RB at B is
ΣMc = 0
4L
∴ RB × L − P × = 0
3
4P
⇒ RB =
3
↑ ( )
4P P
∴ RC =
3
−P= ↓
3
( )
∴ Total strain energy
M 2 dx
U = ∫ 2 EI
2
⎛ Px ⎞
⎜ ⎟ dx
L⎝ 3 ⎠ L /3 ( Px ) dx
2

⇒ U = ∫0 + ∫0 2EI
2 EI

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 27

2 P 2 L3
⇒ U =
81 EI
So by Castigliano’s theorem, deflection at free end
∂U 4 PL3
Δ = =
∂P 81 EI

42. (c)
Slope and deflection at B,
ML
θB =
EI

ML2
ΔB =
2 EI
ΔC = ΔB + θBL
ML2 ML 3 . ML2
= 2 EI + L =
EI 2 EI
[As there is no moment between B and C so BC remains linear at θB slope]

43. (a)
W

d
L

b
Maximum deflection
WL3 WL3
Δ = =
48EI bd3
48E ×
12
Maximum bending stress
M
f =
Z
WL
Now M =
4
bd2
Z =
6
WL bd2
∴ f =
4 6
WL 6 3 WL
= . =
4 bd2 2 bd2
Δ WL3 /4Ebd3
∴ Ratio, =
f 3WL/2bd2

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28 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

WL3 2bd2 L2
= . =
4Ebd3 3WL 6Ed

44. (a)
M
The diagram of beam is
EI
PL PL
3EI 3EI

The slope at mid span is zero.

M
The difference between the slope at two points is area between these points.
EI
So slope at A
PL ⎛ 1 L L⎞
θA = ×⎜ × + ⎟
3 EI ⎝ 2 3 6⎠
PL ⎛ L ⎞ PL2
= ×⎜ ⎟ =
3 EI ⎝ 3 ⎠ 9 EI

45. (b)
The distribution curve for the time taken to complete each activity of a project resembles a β-
distribution curve and the distribution curve for the time taken to complete entire project (consisting
of several activities) in general resembles a normal distribution curve.

47. (a)
As we know
M ∝ Z
π 3
D
Msolid Zsolid 32
= =
Mhollow Z hollow π ⎛ D4 − d 4 ⎞
32 ⎜⎝ D ⎟⎠
Ms D4
= 4
Mh D − d4

48. (b)
Resisting torque at A, TA is given by

2l
T×
T .b 3
TA = =
a+b l

2
= T× = 0.67 T
3

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 29

49. (a)
The torque carrying capacity T is given by
Ip
T = τ
r
Let outside diameter of hollow and solid shaft = 2d
∴ Inside diameter of hollow shaft = d
(2d)4 − d 4 2d
∴ T h = τ.π
32 2
⎛ 15d 4 1 ⎞
T h = τ.π ⎜ . ⎟
⎝ 32 d ⎠
15d 3
⇒ Th = π.τ
32
( 2d )4 2d 16 d 4 16d 3
Ts = τ.π = τ.π. = τ.π
32 2 32 32
Th 15
∴ =
Ts 16

50. (c)
Increase in temperature in a two hinged arch (degree of indeterminacy one) will cause horizontal
thrust only.
Moment due to horizontal thrust is – Py.
So maximum bending moment will be at crown as crown has highest value of y.

51. (c)
At joint D there is no external force so force in FD and BD is zero.
Taking moment about A, the reaction at B
2×2
RB = = 1t
4
Considering joint B, force in member BF
FBF = 2t (compressive)
force in member BE
FBE = 1t (tensile)

53. (b)
50 kN

D
50 kN 50 kN

50 kN
Considering joint equilibrium at D. The force equilibrium equation in vertical direction give
FD = 50 kN tensile.

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30 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

54. (c)
The shear in panel will be balanced by vertical component of force in L0U1.
So,
F cosθ = shear
F = Shear × sec θ
Moment at L1 can be divided by the perpendicular distance of member L0U1 to get I.L.D. of force.
ML1
I.L.D. =
L0L1 cos θ

55. (b)
Member Relative Distribution
Stiffness Factor

GF EI /L 1/3
GH EI /L 1/3
GD 2EI/2L 1/3

56. (b)
Figure in (a)is the I.L.D. of horizontal thrust for three hinged arch.

57. (d)
By considering joint equilibrium at B.
B
5t
60° 60°

FBA FBC

FBC = FBA
FBC cos 60° + FBA cos 60° = 5
FBC = 5t (compressive), FBA = 5t (tensile)

58. (d)
Introduce a pinned connection at C and give unit rotation. The deflected shape of the beam
represents the ILD for BM at C. The ordinate at C is D.
Δ Δ
So, + = 1.0
3 6
Δ = 2.0

59. (a)

3 wL 3 × 8
Force required = = = 3 tonnes
8 8

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 31

60. (b)
2 E (2 I )
MBC = FEM BC +
L
( 2θ B + θ C )
wl 2 4EI
= − + (2θ B + θ C )
12 L

61. (a)
Elements of Flexiblity Matrix :
f11 → rotation in the direction of 1 due to unit moment in the direction of 1
1×L L
∴ =
f11 =
EI EI
f21 → deflection in the direction of 2 due to unit moment in the direction of 1
1 × L2 L2
f21 = =
2 EI 2 EI
f12 → rotation in the direction of 1 due to unit load in the directionof 2.
1 × L2 L2
f12 = =
2 EI 2 EI
f22 → deflection in the direction of 2 due to unit load in the direction of 2.
1 × L3 L3
f22 = =
3 EI 3 EI

⎡ L L2 ⎤
⎡ f 11 f 12 ⎤ ⎢ EI ⎥
2EI ⎥
[F ] = ⎢ =⎢
⎣ f 21 f 22 ⎥⎦ ⎢ L2 L3 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 2EI 3EI ⎦

62. (b)
For part B.D.
20 kN
B C
D
4m 30 kN 2m
10 kN
For Part AB
40 kN-M B
10 kN
40 kN
∴ MA = –40 kN-m (Hogging)

63. (c)
Cutting a section through AC, CD and DF and taking moment of upper portion about C. The
forces in the members AC and CD meet at C so they not produce any moment. The force in
member DF.

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32 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

C
2 kN

3m

4m
E F

2×3
FDF = = 1.5 kN (compression)
4

64. (b)
Release the shear force at section x by introducing a pinned-bar connection. The total translation
of beam at section x will be 1 unit.

65. (a)
In different books different sign conventions are followed.
Taking;
– anticlockwise end moment positive
– anticlockwise rotation at member end positive
– anticlockwise chord rotation positive
FEMBA = 30 kN-m
2 EI ⎛ 3Δ ⎞
MBA = 30 + ⎜⎝ 2θ B − ⎟
4 4 ⎠
Opposite sign convention,
2EI ⎛ 3Δ ⎞
MBA = −30 + ⎜⎝ 2θ − ⎟
4 4⎠

66. (b)
4 EI
Stiffness of member BA = = 0.5 EI
8
3 EI
Stiffness of member BC = = 0.5 EI
6
Distribution factors at joint B will be 0.5, 0.5

67. (c)
When support A yields and rotates through θ, the whole beam AC rotates due to its rigidity. The
deflection diagram of beam AB is
θ
A B

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 33

3E I 3E I θ
The rotation at end C of beam BC is θ, . Therefore moment at B is
 

68. (a)
Apply first unit displacement and keep rotation zero.
Δ 1 = 1 Δ2 = 0
I
l

2I l

12 E (2 I ) 24 E I
S11 = =
 3
3
−6 E (2 I ) 12 E I
S21 = =–
2 3
Now keep displacement zero and rotation one unit.
Δ 1 = 0 Δ2 = 1

12 E I
S12 = − 1 ⎡ 4E (2 I ) + 2E (2 I ) ⎤ = –
⎢
⎣   ⎦ ⎥ 2
4 E (2 I ) 3 EI 11 E I
S22 = + =
  
Stiffness matrix
⎡ 24 12 ⎤
⎢ 2 −
⎡S11 S12 ⎤  ⎥
[S] = ⎢S ⎥ = ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟
EI ⎢  ⎥
⎣ 21 S22 ⎦ ⎝  ⎠ ⎢ 12 ⎥
⎢⎣ −  11 ⎥
⎦
The closest answer can be taken as (a)

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34 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

69. (b)
For ILD for reaction at support B, move the support B by unity upwards, which is only in case
of option (b).

70. (a)
P
MA

P P
2 2
FBD of upper half
P
MA = Pa − (2a) = 0
2

71. (d)
P
P

A C B ⇒
E = 200 GPa E = 100 GPa

PL3
= Δ
3EI
P1 P2 P1 E1
= ⇒ = =2
E1 E2 P2 E2
2 2
PA = P ⇒ B.MA = Pl
3 3

72. (d)
Consider a simply supported beam
P
A B b
d
L/2 L/2
B Beam
cross-section
Central deflection for above beam

PL3
Δ =
3EI

bd 3
Where; I =
12
Now if depth of beam is doubled

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 35

b × (2 d ) 3 8 ⋅ bd 3
I′ = =
12 12
PL3
∴ Δ′ =
3EI ′
Δ′ PL3 /3EI ′ I 1 bd 2 /12
∴ = = =
Δ PL3 /3EI I′ 8 bd 3 /12
Δ′ 1
=
Δ 8

73. (b)
Deflected shape of the built up beam under u.d.l. is
A w per meter run

Zero slope

Δmax
Zero slope

74. (a)

h1
h2
l1
A
B
l2

Now by considering crown ((x, y) a) origin; from the equation of parbola we have,
x2
= constant
y
x
= constant
y
Applying this principle to the point A and B
l1 l2
=
h1 h2

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36 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

l1 + l 2 l
= =
h1 + h 2 h1 + h 2

l h1
∴ l1 =
h1 + h2

75. (c)
As per Muller Breslau’s principle, the ILD for support reaction at D can be obtained by giving unit
displacement in the positive direction of reaction. The deflected shape of beam will represent ILD
as in figure (c).

76. (b)
Muller Breslau’s principle: The ordinate of the influence lines for any stress element (such as
axial stress, moment or reaction) of any structure are proportional to those of the deflection
curve, which is obtained by removing the restraint corresponding to that element from the
structure and introducing in it place a deformation into the primary structure which remain.

77. (a)
According to Muller Breslau Principle, influence line for any force is drawn by giving a unit
displacement to the beam along the line of action of the force. On displacement there will be no
rotation at A while rotation will be present at B and C.

1.0

78. (b)
In force method, the unknown are taken as forces or reactions and to find unknowns compatibility
conditions are required. Examples are strain energy method, unit load method, column analogy
method, three moment theorem, flexibility matrix method.
But in stiffness/displacement method unknowns are taken as joint displacement and to find
unknown displacements joint equilibrium conditions are required. Examples are moment
distribution method, slope deflection method, Kani’s method and stiffness matrix method.

80. (b)
For the given beam:
Number of external reactions = 6
Number of available conditions of equilibrium = 3
Number of internal hinges in beam = 1
Degree of static indeterminacy = Number of unknown reactions – Number of available conditions
of equilibrium – Number of plastic hinges in beam
= 6–3–1
D.O.S.I. = 2

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 37

82. (b)
For plane truss degree of static indeterminacy
Ds = re + m – 2j
re = 4; m = 10; j = 5
Ds = 4 + 10 – 2 × 5 = 4

83. (c)
Static indeterminacy DS = 3 m + re – rr – 3 (j + j′)
where, m = total members = 12
re = total external reactions = 12
j = total number of rigid joints = 11
j ′ = total number of hybrid joints = 1
rr = total number of released reactions
= Σ(mj – 1) = 2 – 1 = 1
∴ D S = (3 × 12) + 12 – 1 – 3 (11 + 1)
= 36 + 11 – 36 = 11

84. (c)
Shape factor for a section is the ratio of plastic moment (plastic section modulus) and the yield
moment (elastic section modulus).
Shape Shape factor
(i) Rectangle or square 1.5
(ii) Circle 1.7
(iii) Triangle 2.34
(iv) Diamond 2.0
(v) I-section 1.1 to 1.2

85. (c)
As per condition given by the questions stress distribution of section will be given as

b σy

h/4

C
h/4
h Neutral axis
h/4
T

h/4

Section σy
Stress distribution

Total moment capacity will be M = M1 +M2

Where M1 = Moment due to shaded portion
M2 = Moment due to unshaded portion
For M1
M1 = Force × Leverarm

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38 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

⎛ bh ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ 3
= σ y ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ × ⎜⎝ h ⎟⎠ = σ y bh 2
4 4 16

M2 = σy Z
Where Z = Section modulus of unshaded portion of section

⎡ ⎛ h⎞ 2 ⎤
⎢b ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎝ 2⎠ ⎥
= σy × ⎢
⎢ 6 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣⎢ ⎦⎥

⎛ 1⎞ 2
= ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ σ y bh
24
Hence total moment M = M1 + M2
3 1
= σ y bh 2 + σ y bh 2
16 24
11
= σ y bh 2
48

86. (c)
w /unit length

A B C D

The degree of indeterminacy r = 4 – 2 = 2

Number of plastic hinges required for collapse = r + 1 = 3
Using statical method
2 2 2
wL wL wL
8 8 8

Moment diagram due to load and

redundant forces

In the span AB, maximum moment occurs at support B and at 0.414L away from support A. Thus
11.656MP
collapse load =
L2
Checking for this collapse load in span BC, the moment does not exceeds MP anywhere.
Note: Although number of hinges required for collapse were 3, but formation of two hinges in
span AB or CD gives collapse condition.

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 39

87. (c)
Preliminary project report contains topographic details and soil survey along alternate alignments,
consideration of geometric design and other requirements of alignment, preparation of plans and
comparison of alternate routes, economic analysis and selection of final alignment.

89. (d)
The area on both sides of neutral axis should be equal.
D1 D
=
B1 B
1 1
and D1B1 = DB
2 4
D
∴ D1 =
2
90. (c)
This is combined mechanism of beam and sway mechanism.

91. (c)
Number of plastic hinges required for complete collapse = r + 1
= (4 – 2) + 1 = 3
W
MP 2MP

L/2 L/2

MP θ θ 2MP
Δ

θ θ

MP MP

By principle of virtual work, we have

– MPθ – MPθ – MPθ – 2MPθ + W × Δ = 0
L
⇒ W× × θ = 5 MPθ
2
10 MP
⇒ W =
L

92. (b)
Total area, A = 400 × 100 + 100 × 500
= 90000 mm2
A 90000
∴ = = 45000 mm 2
2 2
Thus the plastic neutral axis lies outside the flange because the flange area is only 40000 mm2.
Let the plastic neutral axis lies y mm below the junction of flange and web.

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40 | OPSC 2019 Prelims Exam

∴ y × 100 = 45000 – 40000

⇒ y = 50 mm
∴ Plastic neutral axis as measured from top of flange = 100 + y
= 100 + 50 = 150 mm

93. (a)
Shape factor for various sections:
Rectangular- 1.5
I-section- 1.1 to 1.2
Circular- 1.7
Diamond- 2
Triangular-2.343

94. (a)
As the water content in concrete mix increases the strength decreases but workability of mix
increases. For high strength concrete, admixtures such as plasticizers and super plasticizers are
used along with very less water cement ratio.

96. (a)
A beam is termed as ‘deep’ beam when ratio of span to depth is
• Less than 2, for SSB and
• Less than 2.5, for continuous beam.

98. (d)
d
The critical section for shear in flat slab is at a distance from the periphery of column. (where
2
d is the effective depth of section).
102. (b)
For the bars in compression, the bond stress is increased by 25% and when the corrugated bars
are used, the bond stress is increased by 60%.

109. (a)
Relaxation of steel is defined as the decrease in stress with time under constant strain. Due to the
relaxation of steel, the prestress in the tendon is reduced with time.
Actual value of loss due to relaxation of steel can be found from (Table 4, IS 1343).

110. (d)
IS 456 : 2000 (Cl. 23.2) prescribes the followings limit for flexural members in general.
(i) Span/250 ; for the final deflection due to all loads (including long term effects of creep and
shrinkage).
(ii) Span/350 (or) 20 mm {whichever is less} ; for the deflection (including long-term effects of
creep and shrinkage) that occurs after the construction of portion and application of finishes.

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 41

111. (c)
According to IS 456 : 2000 (Cl. 38.1)
• The maximum strain in concrete at the outermost compression fibre is taken as 0.0035.
• While the maximum strain in direct compression is taken as 0.002.
fy
The strain in steel shall not be less than + 0.002 to ensure ductility and ultimate flexural
1.15E s
strain in concrete is 0.0035.
112. (d)
Retarders are used to slow down the initial rate of hydration and extend initial setting time. It is
therefore used to grout deep oil wells, transport ready mix concrete (RMC) and avoid cold joints.
E.g. Gypsum (CaSO4), Tartaric acid, starch, sugar etc.

114. (d)
The short term deflections may be calculated using methods for elastic deflections using the short
term modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec and effective moment of inertia.
For long term deflections, the long term modulus
Ec
Ece = is used where θ is creep coefficient.
1+θ

115. (a)
Distance between points of contraflexure is also known as distance between points of zero moments
in the beam. (which may be assumed as 0.7 times the effective span in continuous beams and
frames).

116. (a)
For deformed bars, the bond stress shall be increased by 60% of the values for plain bars in
tension. For bars in compression, the values of bond stress for bars in tension shall be increased
by 25%.

117. (c)
PeL2
The moment Pe will cause an uplift of .
8EI

118. (a)
According to clause 39.4.1 of IS 456 : 2000.
The ratio of volume of helical reinforcement to the volume of core shall not be less than
⎛ Ag ⎞ f
0.36 ⎜ − 1⎟ ck .
⎝ Ac ⎠ fy

120. (d)
The cross sectional area of the metal core in a composite column shall not exceed 20% of the gross
area of the column. A clearance of 75 mm shall be maintained between the spiral and metal core
at all points, except that when the core consists of steel H-column, the minimum clearance should
be reduced to 50 mm.

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122. (b)
A concordant cable profile is a profile given for the cable such that the consequent C-line coincides
with the P-line, when external loads are not applied. This means when a concordant profile is
provided there will be no reactions at the supports due to prestressing alone.

123. (b)
The slenderness ratio of free standing wall will be more than that when it supports RC slab. So
the load carrying capacity will be less.

124. (d)
2
p ⎛ 1 − sin φ ⎞
Minimum depth of foundation = ⎜
γ ⎝ 1 + sin φ⎠⎟

125. (d)
The slenderness ratio of a wall or column is defined as the ratio of effective height to its effective
thickness. For a wall, the effective height is replaced by the effective length if effective height
happens to be less.

126. (b)
Refer clause 6.2.2 of IS 456 : 2000.

129. (b)
As per clause 22.2 of IS 456 : 2000.
The effective length of a cantilever shall be taken as its length to the face of the support plus half
the effective depth except where it forms end of a continuous beam where the length to the
centre of support shall be taken.

130. (c)
If τv < τc, minimum shear reinforcement is to be provided.
According clause 40.3 of code IS 456 : 2000. When τv is less than τc, minimum shear reinforcement
shall be provided in accordance to clause 26.5.1.6.
Minimum shear reinforcement in the form of stirrups shall be provided such that:
Asv 0.4
≤
bs v 0.87 fy

131. (b)
According to clause 2.6 of code IS 516 : 1959 the concrete shall be mixed by hand, or preferably,
in a laboratory batch mixer, in such a manner as to avoid loss of water or other materials. Each
batch of concrete shall be of such a size as to leave about 10 percent excess after moulding the
desired number of test specimens.

132. (b)
Refer IS 456: 2000, Clause 26.5.3.1.

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 43

133. (a)

P h

H
3

K a γH

1
∴ Design shear force, P = × KaγH × h
2
1
= K γh2
2 a

135. (a)
The value of shrinkage strain for
• Pre-tensioned work = 3 × 10–4
2 × 10 −4
• Post-tensioned work =
log 10 (T + 2)
where T is the age of concrete in days at prestressing.

137. (b)
As per IS 800: 2007, Clause 10.2.2.

139. (b)
As per IS 800: 1984, Clause 8.10.3.1.

141. (c)
This is in accordance to clause 7.6.6.3 of code IS 800 : 2007.

142. (d)
As per IS 800: 2007, Table 3.

144. (b)
As per IS 800 : 1978, the maximum allowable outstand for unstiffened flange is limited to 16t.
This is to avoid local buckling phenomena in the flange plates.

145. (a)
Lug angles may or may not be unequal angles which helps to connect the outstanding leg. Thus it
helps to reduce shear lag and length of the connection as both the legs of the main angle are now
connected.

147. (b)
Generally, the angle of roof truss with asbestos sheets should not be less than 30 degrees.

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148. (b)
The various factors used in calculation of depreciation are :
(i) Uniform series present worth factor
(1 + i)n − 1
=
i(1 + i)n

i(1 + i)n
(ii) Capital recovery factor =
(1 + i)n − 1
(iii) Uniform series compound amount factor
(1 + i)n − 1
=
i
i
(iv) Sinking fund factor =
(1 + i)n − 1

149. (b)
Bay is spacing between 2 bents in roof truss of space frames.

150. (d)
Types of load IS standard
Dead load IS 875 : Part I
Live load IS 875 : Part II
Wind load IS 875 : Part III
Snow load IS 875 : Part IV
Seismic load IS 1893

151. (c)
Stringers: These are beams in a bridge running parallel to the roadway and spanning between
other beams which transfer the loads to main girders or trusses. Inclined breams supporting
stairs in buildings are also called stringers.
Spandrel beam: These are the exterior or edge beams in a building supporting loads from exterior
walls and from parts of the floor system.

154. (b)
Size of a modular brick = 20 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm
= 0.2 m × 0.1 m × 0.1 m
1 m3
∴ Number of bricks per m3 of brick masonry = = 500
0.2 m × 0.1 m × 0.1 m

155. (c)
As per Indian standard, Standard size of a brick is 19 cm x 9 cm x 9 cm. The nominal size (brick +
mortar) of a brick is 20 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm.

156. (d)
50 – 60% → Silica

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 Civil Engineering | Test 5 45

20 – 30% → Alumina
>5% → Lime
5 – 6% → Ferric Oxide

157. (b)
Bricks are burnt in the hoffmain’s kiln to impart strength and hardness and to make bricks more
stronger and dense.

159. (b)
Crushing strength of good building stone should be greater than 100 N/mm 2 which is
approximately equal to 1000 kg/cm2.

160. (c)
Granite is a light-coloured plutonic rock found throughout the continental crust, most commonly
is mountainous areas.

162. (a)
Plywood are boards which are manufactured from thin layers of veneers. Veneers are placed one
above the other with the direction of grains of successive layers at right angles to each other.

163. (b)
Dry rot is a form of defect in timber that occurs due to attack by fungi. The fungi attacks the
sapwood of the timber and converts it into powder.

164. (b)
12% moisture content.

165. (d)
Updating project is necessary to keep project as per needs of situation by incorporating changes,
rescheduling or re-planning. Updating varies with complexity and size of projects.

166. (a)
The approximate percentage of composition of ordinary Portland cement is:
Lime (CaO) 60 to 67%
Silica (SiO2) 17 to 25%
Alumina (Al2O3) 3 to 8%
Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) 0.5 to 6%
Magnesia (MgO) 0.1 to 4%
Sulphur trioxide (SO3) 1 to 3%
Soda and/or Potash (Na2O+K2O) 0.5 to 1.3%

167. (b)
Fat Lime is also known as high calcium lime or pure lime or rich lime or white lime. It is popularly
known as fat lime as it slakes vigorously and its volume is increased to about 2 to 2.5 times that
of quick lime. This lime is used for various purposes as white washing, plastering of walls, as lime
mortar with sand for pointing in masonry work, as a lime mortar with surkhi for thick masonry
walls, foundations, etc.

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169. (b)
Pay back period method involves the determination of the length of time required to recover the
initial investment based on a zero interest rate. The investment alternative having the smallest
payback period is preferred alternative using the payback period method.

170. (d)
IS 4031 (Part-1) - 1996 covers the procedure for determining the fineness of cement by dry sieving
as represented by mass of residue left on a standard 90μ IS sieve.

172. (c)
Cement is made by heating a mixture of limestone, silica, alumina and iron materials to a
temperature of about 1400 to 1450°C.

173. (d)
Pozzolana cement generates less heat of hydration compared to ordinary Portland cement. Thus
it is suitable for massive concrete structures in order to avoid thermal cracks.

174. (b)
Plaster of Paris, quick-setting gypsum plaster consisting of a fine white powder, which hardens
when moistened and allowed to dry.

175. (a)
t
M = ∑ (T − T0 )Δt
0
M = Maturity(°C) – hours) or °C-days
t = time internal being considered
Δf = time interval
T = Average temperature of PCC during the time interval
T0 = Datum temperature

176. (c)
Raw material as pozzolana alone can’t be used as plaster, it do not have cohesive properties.

177. (c)
Heat of hydration order is
C3A > C3S > C4AF > C2S
And rate of hydration order is
C4AF > C3A>C3S>C2S

179. (b)
Bulking of sand occurs in moisture content of about 5 – 8% and cause increase of volume as much
as 20 – 40% depending upon grading of sand.



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