UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PAGE i

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

AY 2018-2019

A Quasi Experimental Study of the Effect of Music Intervention to the Level of

Academic Stress of the Senior High School Students

A Research Paper

Presented to the Senior High School

Health Allied Strand
University of Santo Tomas
Manila, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Subject of

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION AND IMMERSION

By:

LAUS, Rhaizelle G.
LAYOG, Hans Nicolai B.
MACON, Chrystan Tyrone P.
MARTIN, Joaquin Angelo G.
MARTIN, Kristian Joseph C.
MEDINA, Chelsey Marie M.
OLOTEO, Erika Mae M.
ONG, Nathali Nicole M.

12HA-20
May 2019
 UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PAGE ii

ABSTRACT

Academic stress is one of the main sources of stress faced by students

nowadays. Music Therapy is one method that could help lessen one’s stress level since

music has a beneficial effect on our physiological function that could decrease the

levels of stress hormones. This study aims to lessen the academic stress of students

through the use of music therapy by determining the different types of genre that will

help to lessen their stress level. To determine what genres are to be used, the

researchers have conducted a survey that helped determine the music preference of

grade 12 Senior High School students aged 18 years old and above. The researchers

chose the top 3 preferred music genres of the respondents which are Pop, OPM, and

Classical music. The instruments used in the study are the Academic Stress Scale and

the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The result of the study is that there is a significant

change in the stress level of the respondents that gone through music therapy. To

conclude, Music Therapy can lessen the academic stress level of a person through the

means of determining their preferred genre.

Keywords: Academic Stress Scale, Music genre, Music preference, Perceived Stress

Scale
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Our group has taken efforts for this research paper. However, none of

this would be possible without the guidance of our beloved research advisers: Mr.

Jerry Manlapaz and Ms. Rochelle Palomo, who have been with us from the beginning

of this research. We thank them for spending their time in reading the paper and

giving valuable suggestions for its improvement. It is through their knowledge and

wisdom that we were able to develop and finish this paper. We would like to extend

our sincere thanks to them.

We would like to express gratitude to Dr. Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie

Melon University and Ms. Sunshine Alos of Beguet State University for letting us

adapt into our research their self-created questionnaires, the Perceived Stress Scale

and the Academic Scale. Without their approval, our research paper would never had

come to be.

We are highly indebted to Ms. Pamela dela Cruz for helping understand

further the concepts involving Music Intervention and for advising us on the steps to

take in order to settle our research paper. We are also grateful for the support she

has given us during our consultations.

We would like to thank our family and friends for being the reason of our

determination to complete this paper. We would also like to thank them for their words

of encouragement and cooperation. Finally, we would like to thank God for without

him we may still be stuck in the darkness and never be able catch a glimpse of light.
 UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PAGE iv

Senior High School, University of Santo Tomas

Manila

Certificate of Originality

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another
person nor material to which to a substantial extent has been accepted for award of any
other degree or diploma of a university or other institute of higher learning, except where
due acknowledgement is made in the text.
I also declare that the intellectual content of this research is the product of my work,
even though I may have received assistance from others on style, presentation and language
expression.

Rhaizelle G. Laus May 2, 2019

Signature of advisee over printed name Date

Rochelle Palomo May 2, 2019

Signature of advisor over printed name Date

UST: SO27-00-FO07
 UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PAGE v

CERTIFICATION FORM FOR ENGLISH EDITING (APA FORMAT)

This is to certify that I have edited the final draft of the thesis entitled

A Quasi Experimental Study of the Effect of Music Intervention to the Level of

Academic Stress of the Senior High School Students

Prepared by:
Laus, Rhaizelle G.
Layog, Hans Nicolai B.
Macon, Chrystan Tyrone P.
Martin, Joaquin Angelo G.
Martin, Kristian Joseph C.
Oloteo, Erika Mae M.
Ong, Nathali Nicole M.

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Subject
Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion
(Practical Research 3)

And have found it complete and satisfactory with respect to grammar, organization
and APA format and style as prescribed by the University of Santo Tomas

NATHALI NICOLE M. ONG UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS MAY 2, 2019

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Abstract ii

Acknowledgement iii

Certificate of Originality iv

English Editing Certification Form v

Table of Contents vi

List of Tables ix

List of Figures x

Chapter Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background of the Study 1

1.1.1 Stress 1

1.1.2 Music Intervention 3

1.2 Statement of the Problem 5

1.3 Significance of the Study 6

1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study 7

1.5 Definition of Terms 8

2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 10

2.1 Stress 10

2.1.1 Academic Stress 14

2.1.2 Perception of Academic Stress (PAS) Scale 15

2.2 Generation Z 16
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2.3 Senior High School 17

2.4 Synthesis 19

2.5 Conceptual Framework 22

2.6 Research / Conceptual Paradigm 23

3.0 METHODOLOGY 24

3.1 Research Design 24

3.2 Research Locale 26

3.3 Respondents and Sampling Technique 27

3.4 Ethical Considerations 28

3.5 Instrumentation 30

3.6 Data Gathering Procedures 32

3.7 Statistical Treatment of Data 34

4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 35

4.1 Profile of the Respondents 35

4.2 Academic Induced Stress and Related Factors 35

4.3 Most Preferred Genre 38

4.4 Significant Difference of the Level of Stress of the

41
Experimental and Controlled Groups

5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 46

5.1 Summary of Findings 46

5.2 Conclusions 47

5.3 Recommendations 49

REFERENCES 50
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APPENDICES

Appendix I Letter of Permission to Conduct the Study 61

Appendix II Invitation to Participate in Research 63

Appendix III Informed Consent for Research Participants 65

Appendix IV Letter of Permission to use Academic Stress Scale

66
and Perceived Stress Scale

Appendix V Survey Questionnaire 70

Appendix VI Timestamp of the Study 78

Curriculum Vitae 88
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LIST OF TABLES

Description Page

1. Legend for the Interpretation of Results

34
(Academic and Perceived Stress Scale)

2. Results from Academic Stress Scale of

36
Experimental Group

3. Results from Academic Stress Scale of

37
Control Group

4. One-way Analysis of Variance on the PSS

43
Scores of the Experimental Group

5. One-way Analysis of Variance on the PSS

44
Scores of the Control Group
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LIST OF FIGURES

Description Page

1. Conceptual Paradigm 23

2. Data Gathering Procedure 33

3. Preferred Music Genres of Grade 12 Health

39
Allied Students

4. Comparison of Perceived Stress Scale Mean

42
Results of the Control Group and Experimental Group