1. A = ,B= ,C=
a. A + B = +
b. B + A = +
c. A + C = +
d. C + A = +
e. A + 2B = +2
= +
f. 2A + B =2 +
= +
g. –A + 2C = - +2
= +
=
h. B + 3C = +3
= +
i. -C + 4A = - +4
= +
j. 2A + 3B = 2 +3
= +
k. A + B + C = + +
l. A+ 2B + C = +2 +
= + +
m. –A + 3B + 2C = - +3 +2
= + +
=
n. –A + (-B) + (-C) = + +
o. 2(A + B) + C = 2 +
= +
3. P = ,Q= ,R=
a. P – Q = -
b. P – R = -
c. Q – R = -
d. 2P – R = 2 -
= -
e. P – 3Q = –3
= -
f. 2 (P – R) = 2
g. 3R – P = 3 -
= -
h. Q – 5P = -5
= -
i. -2R – P = -2 -
= -
j. -5P – 3Q = -5 -3
= -
k. P – Q – R = - -
=
l. P – 2(Q – R ) = –2
= -
m. 4P – 2Q – 2R = 4 -2 -2
= - -
n. 3(P – Q) – 5R = 3 –5
= -
o. Q - R - P = - -
a.
b.
c.
d.
7. Diketahui , Matriks
a (i) AB
(ii)BA
Simpulan AB≠BA
b. (i) AC
(ii)CA
Simpulan : AC ≠ CA
c. (i) A(BC)
(ii)(AB)C
Simpulan : A(BC)=(AB)C
d. (i) IA
(ii)AI
Simpulan : IA=AI
e. (i) CBI
(ii) BCI
Simpulan : CBI≠CBI
f. (i) 3(AB)
(ii) (3A)B
Simpulan : 3(AB)=(3A)B
g. (i) A(B+C)
(ii) AB+AC
(ii) AB-AC
a. P+Q
b. P–Q
c. 2P + 3(PQ)
d. P(P+Q)
e. PQ
f. QP
g. P(IQ)
h. Q(PI)
9. Jika Matriks A = , agar AB=BA, tentukan
a.
b.
Sehingga
3 4
b. 2
8
Penyelesaian :
3 4
B
2 8
B (3)(8) ( 4)( 2)
24 (8)
16
1
B 1 Adj.B
B
1 8 4
16 2 3
1 1
2 4
1 3
8 16
5 2
c. 2 4
Penyelesaian :
5 2
C
2 4
C (5)(4) ( 2)(2)
20 ( 4)
16
1
C 1 Adj.C
C
1 4 2
16 2 5
1 1
4 8
1 5
8 16
3 1
d. 2
5
Penyelesaian :
3 1
D
2 5
D (3)(5) ( 2)(1)
15 ( 2)
17
1
D 1 Adj.D
D
1 5 1
17 2 3
5 1
17 17
2 3
17 17
6 1
e. 4
1
6 1 Penyelesaian :
E
4 1
E (6)(1) (1)( 4)
(6) (4)
2
1
E 1 AdjE
E
1 1 1
4 6
2
1 1
2 2
2 3
1 0
f. 0
1
Penyelesaian :
1 0
F
0 1
F (1)(1) (0)(0)
1 0
1
1
F 1 Adj.F
F
1 1 0
10 1
1 0
0 1
3 3
g. 2
2
Penyelesaian :
3 3
G
2 2
G (3)( 2) (3)( 2)
66
0
Karena determinan G adalah nol maka invers dari matriks G adalah nol G-1= 0
3 1
h. 2
5
Penyelesaian :
3 1
H
2 5
H ( 3)(5) ( 1)(2)
15 2
13
1
H 1 Adj.H
H
1 5 1
13 2 3
5 1
13
13
2 3
13 13
3 1
i. 1
0
Penyelesaian :
3 1
P
1 0
P (3)(0) ( 1)(1)
0 1
1
1
P 1 Adj.P
P
1 0 1
1
1 3
0 1
1 3
6 1
j. 4
1
Penyelesaian :
6 1
J
4 1
J ( 6)(1) (1)(4)
6 (4)
2
1
J 1 Adj.J
J
1 1 1
2
4 6
1 1
2 2
2 3
4 5 1 a 2 1 2c 1
2. Diketahui matriks A ,B ,C dan D
3 6 b 3 43 3 c a 1
3 5 a 4c c 2 a 1
3 c
9 86c 3c 43 3a 3
3 5 a 3c a 1
3 c
9 83c 40 3a
Sehingga diperoleh:
3 = 3c -5 + a = -a + 1
c=1 2a = 6
a =3
2 1
Maka matriks D
1 4
3 3
3. Diketahui matriks A dan I adalah matriks identitas ordo 2. Jika A – kI adalah
4 2
2 1 3 12
b. A ,B
1 1 1 6
Penyelesaian :
AX B
2 1 3 12
1 1 X 1 6
1 1 1 3 12
X
1 1 2 1 6
4 6
X 1
5 0
4 6
X
5 0
5 1 1 2 2
c. A ,B
2 2 2 2 1
Penyelesaian :
AX B
5 1 1 2 2
2 2 X 2 2 1
1 2 1 1 2 2
X
12 2 5 2 2 1
1 4 2 5
X
12 8 14 1
1 1 5
X 3 6 12
2 7 1
3 6 12
1 1 3 10 2
d. A ,B
2 1 2 0 4
Penyelesaian :
AX B
1 1 3 10 2
2 1 X 2 0 4
1 1 1 3 10 2
X
3 2 1 2 0 4
1 1 10 2
X
3 8 20 8
1 10 2
3 3
X 3
8 20 8
3 3 3
0 1 2
e. A ,B
1 1 3
Penyelesaian :
AX B
0 1 2
1 1 X 3
1 1 1 2
X
1 1 0 3
1
X 1
2
1
X
2
5. Tentukan matriks Y pada persamaan YP = Q jika :
5 2
a. P , Q 13 6
3 2
Penyelesaian :
YP Q
Y QP 1
1 2 2
Y 13 6
4 3 5
1
Y 8 4
4
Y 2 1
3 5 1 0
b. P ,Q
1 5 3 1
Penyelesaian :
YP Q
Y QP 1
1 1 0 5 5
Y
20 3 1 1 3
1 5 5
Y
20 16 12
1 1
Y 4 4
4 3
5 5
3 3 1 0
c. P ,Q
1 11 3 1
Penyelesaian :
YP Q
Y QP 1
1 1 0 11 3
Y
20 3 1 1 3
1 11 3
Y
30 34 12
11 1
Y 30 10
17 6
15 15
7 1
7 1 14
d. P , Q 0
1 0
0 7
Penyelesaian :
YP Q
Y QP 1
7 1
1 0 1
Y 14 0
6 1 7
0 7
1 0
1
Y 1 14
6
7 49
1
6 0
1 7
Y
6 3
7 49
6 6
1 1
3 5 0
4
e. P , Q
3 2 10 5
1 10
Penyelesaian :
YP Q
Y QP 1
1 1
0 2 3
1 5
Y
1 10 5 3 4
1 10
5 7
10 15
Y 1
5 10
32 43
5 7
10 15
Y
5 10
32 43
x 1 sin 2 cos 2
y 1
cos sin sin cos
x 1
y 10
x 1
y 0
Maka nilai x dan y adalah 1 dan 0
1.
Penyelesaian dengan determinan matriks
D= = -4 -3 = -7
Dx = = -22 + 36 = 14
x= = = -2
y= = =5
x = -2 ; y = 5
Penyelesaian dengan invers matriks
-1 -1
=
-1
I. =
=
x = -2 ; y= 5
2.
D= = 1 -2 = -1
Dx = =3-1=2
Dy = = 1-6 = -5
x= = = -2
y= = =5
x = -2 ; y = 5
Penyelesaian dengan invers matriks
-1 -1
=
-1
I. =
=
x = -2 ; y= 5
3.
D= = -4 -5 = -9
Du = = 10 + 35 = 45
Dv = = -14 + 5 = -9
u= = = -5
v= = =1
u = -5 ; v = 1
Penyelesaian dengan invers matriks
-1 -1
=
-1
I. =
=
u = -5 ; v = 1
4.
D= = -8 + 3 = -5
Dɑ = = -16 + 21 = 5
Db = = 28 -8 = 20
ɑ= = = -1
b= = = -4
ɑ = -1 ; b = -4
Penyelesaian dengan invers matriks
-1 -1
=
-1
I. =
=
ɑ = -1 ; b = -4
5.
D= = 15 - 3 = 12
Dv = = 30 + 18 = 48
Dw = = -18 -6 = -24
v= = =4
w= = = -2
v = 4 ; w = -2
Penyelesaian dengan invers matriks
-1 -1
=
-1
I. =
=
v = 4 ; w = -2
Latihan 4
Selesaikan sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel berikut dengan menggunakan determinan
matriks.
1. 2x + y + z = 7
x + 3y + z = 10
x + 5y + 3z = 20
Jawaban:
D= = ( 18 + 3 + 5) – (3 + 30 + 3) = 26 – 36 = -10
Dy = = ( 60 + 70 + 20 ) – ( 10 + 40 + 21) = 87 – 71 = 16
D= = ( 3 + 2 + 5) – (3 +2 + 5) = 10 – 10 = 0
Du = = (12 + 6 + 8 ) – ( 18 + 8 + 4 ) = 26 – 30 = - 4
Dv = = ( 4 + 4 + 30 ) – ( 4 + 6 + 20 ) = 38 – 30 = 8
Dw = = ( 18 + 4 + 40 ) – ( 12 + 8 + 30 ) = 62 – 50 = 12
3. -x + y + z = -3
x + 3y + z = -1
6x + 5y + 3z = 7
Jawaban:
D= = ( -9 + 6 + 5 ) – ( 18 - 5 + 3 ) = 2 – 16 = - 14
Dy = = ( 3 – 18 + 7 ) – ( -6 – 7 – 9 ) = -8 + 22 = 14
4. 2a + b = 8
a+b+c=5
7a – b + 5c = 5
Jawaban:
D= = ( 10 + 7 + 0 ) – ( 0 – 2 + 5 ) = 17 – 3 = 14
Dx = = ( 40 + 5 – 5 ) – ( 5 – 8 + 25 ) = 40 – 22 = 18
Dy = = ( 50 + 56 + 5 ) – ( 35 + 10 + 40 ) = 111 – 85 = 26
DZ = = ( 10 + 35 – 8 ) – ( 56 – 10 + 5 ) = 37 – 51 = - 14
5. p+q-r=7
-p - q + r = -7
2p – q + 3r = 10
Jawaban:
D= = ( -3 + 2 – 1 ) – ( 2 – 1 – 3 ) = -2 + 2 = 0
Dx = = ( -21 + 10 – 7 ) – ( 10 – 7 – 21 ) = -18 + 18 = 0
Dy = = ( -21 + 14 +10 ) – ( 14 + 10 – 21 ) = 3 – 3 =0
DZ = = ( -10 – 14 + 7 ) – ( -14 + 7 – 10 ) = -17 + 17 = 0