MALAYSIA’S COCOA INDUSTRY: 

PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENT

Malaysian Cocoa Board

16th July 2019
Pulse Grande Hotel, Putrajaya, Malaysia

5/12/2014
www.koko.gov.my
 Brief Malaysia Economic Profile

Population 32,465,295; Capital KL 1.4 million; Ethnic groups Malay 50.4%, Chinese
23.7%, indigenous 11%, Indian 7.1%, others 7.8%; Agriculture in Malaysia makes up 8.2% of
the nation's GDP (2017). Large-scale plantations established such as rubber (1876), palm oil
(1917), and cocoa (1950). 2

RK/ Aparil 2007 Malaysian Cocoa Board

 Scenario of the Cocoa Industry

5/12/2014
www.koko.gov.my
Average Prices of Dry Cocoa Beans for Tawau, Raub and London (2003‐2018) 

12000 3000

10000 2500
RM/Metric Tonne

£/Metric Tonne
8000 2000

6000 1500

4000 1000

2000 500

0 0
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018
TAWAU RAUB LONDON

www.koko.gov.my
 Malaysia: Hectareage, Grindings and Production of Cocoa Beans

5/12/2014
www.koko.gov.my
 Export Earnings of Cocoa and Cocoa Products

2010
Cocoa Beans*
Chocolate 6.5%
6.5% Cocoa Shell
0.1%
Cocoa 
Powder**
28.2%
RM 4.19 billion

Cocoa Butter
Cocoa Cake 47.2%
5.0%

Cocoa Paste
6.5%

2017 2018

Chocolate Cocoa Beans* Chocolate Cocoa Beans*

15.60% 24.29% 18.6% 25.7%
Cocoa 
Cocoa 
Powder**
Powder** Cocoa Shell Cocoa Shell
18.6%
22.85% 0.02% 0.01%
RM 5.56 billion RM 5.55 billion

Cocoa Cake
Cocoa Cake 0.8%
1.26% Cocoa Butter
Cocoa Butter 28.3%
29.25% Cocoa Paste
Cocoa Paste 7.9%
6.74%

Note:   *    Re‐Export Beans
**  Including Cocoa Powder Not Containing Added Sugar or Other Sweetening Matter
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 Market Share of Cocoa and Cocoa Products, 2017/2018

Eastern Europe
Westren Europe Cocoa Butter: 14.1%
Cocoa Butter: 1.2% Cocoa Powder & Cake: 13.3%
Cocoa Powder & Cake: 1.3% Cocoa Paste: 1.1%
Cocoa Paste: 0.2% Chocolate: 0.1%
Chocolate: 0.1%

Asia Oceania
Cocoa Butter: 37.2%
Cocoa Powder & Cake:  38.5%
Cocoa Paste:  24.6%
America
Chocolate: 6.7%
Cocoa Butter: 8.2% Timur Tengah
Cocoa Powder & Cake: 9.4% Cocoa Butter: 28.9%
Cocoa Paste: 0.6% Cocoa Powder & Cake: 18.7%
Chocolate: 0.7% Cocoa Paste: 3.8%
Africa Chocolate: 1.3%
Cocoa Butter: 62.8%
Cocoa Powder & Cake:  20.2%
Cocoa Paste: 2.0%
Chocolate: 0.4%
www.koko.gov.my
Progress and Development

www.koko.gov.my
 Why shortage of cocoa
bean production
• Many private plantations’ companies prefer to
venture into the Palm Oil industry.
• Farmers are mainly
– Small-scale
– Lack expertise, knowledge, skills and resources to venture
into big scale cocoa farming which led to low yield in
production of cocoa beans.
• To rectify this problem MCB has introduced
extension program to transfer technology in terms of
material and knowledge.
RK/ Aparil 2007 Malaysian Cocoa Board
 Intensive Cocoa Cultivation Program

Cocoa Smallholders Development Programme
– Enhance productivity & new planting
– The Target groups for this program are farmers who
already own cocoa farms that are not productive.
• Incentives in terms of;
– Knowledge technology (course, demonstration, visits etc)
– as well as material technology (agricultural inputs,
fertilizers, material planting etc).

13
 Technology Dissemination

7/25/2019 VIVA 14 March 2012 14
 Intensive Cocoa Cultivation Program
Clone Manipulation
• Widely use throughout cocoa cultivation in Malaysia.
• A variety of clonal planting materials in rehabilitating
and new planting.
– The clones recommended according to;
• Locations
• Different agro-climatic condition and
• Different pest and diseases problem.
– The main purpose is to;
• Raise productivity,
• Improve bean quality and
• Management of pest and diseases. 15
New cocoa plantings Activities
 Intensive Cocoa Cultivation Program
Integrated P&D Control Approach
• The P & D integrated approach was ;
• To mitigate and
• To control pest and disease infestation such as
– cocoa pod borer, vascular streak dieback disease and black pod.

• Aim was to enhancing cocoa bean recovery, bean

quality, and environmental friendly management as
well as maintaining optimum productivity per
area.

17
www.koko.gov.my
PBC 123
 Rehabilited cocoa produces high yield

5th & 6th Flour, Wisma SEDCO, Locked Bag 211, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Tel: 088-252572 Fax: 088-239575, 253037 WebSite: http//www.koko.gov.my
Establishment of Cocoa Processing Centres
Cocoa Smallholders Extension Program

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 CONSTRAINTS AND SOLUTION
23
Manpower shortage
… Migration of the younger generation to urban
„ Leftonly older folks and
„ Shortage of manpower

… Introduce new farming concept;

„ farmers groups and also the tradition of working together
‘Gotong Royong’ or ‘mitabang’
„ have greatly overcome the shortage of manpower.
„ There is also the policy of getting unemployed Graduates “back
to the farm” Schemes where these youngsters are given a piece
of land to plant crops.

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 CONSTRAINTS AND SOLUTION
Coverage of Staff
24

… Limited numbers of extension staff and

… Coverage of the large number of dispersed farmers would
face constraints.
„ Vastness of land area and remoteness
„ Accessibility by road could be a problem,
„ Especially in East Malaysia
… The establishment and strengthening of the Farmers Group
has greatly assisted in the carrying out of the extension
work. (S)
… The leaders of the Farmers’ Groups act as agents for the
MCB as and when necessary.
… They also provide a link between their group to the
extension workers and the MCB.
www.koko.gov.my
 Cocoa Upstream Technology
Research and Development
Mechanization
MCB FI HYFer
MALAYSIAN COCOA BOARD
1ST SERIES CLONE FEATURES 

MCBC 1 MCBC 2 MCBC 3 MCBC 4 MCBC 5

Yield Potential: 2.8‐5.7 tonne/ha/year
MALAYSIAN COCOA BOARD
2ND SERIES CLONE FEATURES

MCBC 6 MCBC 7 MCBC8 MCBC 9

MCB’s BIOCONTROL  Field Evaluation of Beauveria 
Yield Potential:  3.3 tonne/ha/year
AGENT bassiana For The Control of Cocoa 
MALAYSIAN COCOA BOARD Pod Borer 
3RD SERIES CLONE FEATURES 

MCBC 10 MCBC 11 MCBC 12 MCBC 13 MCBC 14

Yield Potential:  3.0‐4.6 tonne/ha/year

THE INTERNATIONAL COCOA FLAVOR COMPETITION IN PARIS FRANCE 
FOR THE YEAR 2011 AND 2013

Raub, Bukit Kerayong, Bintulu,

Serian,
Pahang Selangor Sarawak www.koko.gov.my
Sarawak
 Cocoa Downstream Technology
Research and Development

Analytical Services Laboratory (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) Pilot Plant on Chocolate

Pilot Plant on Cocoa Processing

Cocoa Based Cosmetic & Other Than Cosmetic (OTC) Products Pilot Plant
Food Product Non‐Food Product

www.koko.gov.my
 Biotechnology
Research and Development
E‐Bac: 
Artificial Diet for CPB BIO‐CONTROL OF DISEASES AND 
NATURAL  BIO‐FERTILIZER

Cocoa Genome Project

Genetic Engineering

Tissue Culture

www.koko.gov.my
 Market Development
Domestic Promotion

TV Promotion

School Promotion 

Exhibition

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 Market Development
International Exposition

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 International Cooperation
Malaysia Cocoa Trade and Technical Awareness Programme
Cocoa Economic and Technical Mission

Asia‐Pacific Regional Cocoa Breeders 

ASEAN Cocoa Club (ACC)

CocoaSafe: Capacity Building and Knowledge Sharing in Sanitary 
and Phytosanitary (SPS) in Cocoa in South East Asia
www.koko.gov.my
 International Recognition: Cocoa Excellence Award

THE INTERNATIONAL COCOA FLAVOR COMPETITION 
IN PARIS FRANCE FOR THE YEAR 2011 AND 2013

Serian, Raub, Bukit Kerayong, Bintulu,

Sarawak Pahang Selangor Sarawak

FARMER’S NAME LIST OF CLONES
KOH AH KAU KKM: 1, 5, 22, 25, ICS: 84, 95, GS29
PBC: 112, 123, 130, 131, 137, 139, 140, 159
CYRIL AK LANGIN KKM: 19, 22, 25, BR25, PBC123, MCB: C2, C5, C10, RP1 
JANDA AK JELIAN BR25, PBC123, KKM: 1, 5, 22
KKM: 1, 4, 5, 22, 25, 27
HJ. AHMAD SAPARI PBC: 123, 131, 140, 159, 221, 230, 236 
MCBC: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11 
QH : 1003, 1176, 1346
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www.koko.gov.my