SUMMER TRAINING

NTPC DADRI
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 ABOUT NTPC
• NTPC is the largest power generating company in india,
was set up in 1975 to accelerate power development in
the country.

• NTPC has installed capacity of (29,394MW).

• NTPC has 15 coal based power stations (23,395MW).
• NTPC has 7 gas based power stations (3,955MW).
• NTPC has 4 power stations in joint ventures (1,794MW).
• Today NTPCcontributes more than 3/5th of the total
power generation in india.

• In 1997 , Government of india granted NTPC status of

‘Navratna’.
 ABOUT NTPC, DADRI

•It has energy generating capacity by –

-coal based thermal plant is 1820 MW .
-gas based thermal plant is 817 MW.

• It has 6 units of coal based thermal plant .

-4 units are of 210 MW & 2 units are of 490 MW
capacity.

• It has 6 units of gas based thermal plant .

-4 units are of 130 MW & 2 units are of 154 MW

• Grand Total capacity is 2637 MW.

 SOURCES
 COAL SOURCE
- Piparwara mines , Jharkhand

 WATER SOURCE
- Upper Ganga Canal, Mat Branch

 GAS SOURCE
- HBJ Pipe line
 OPERATION OF
THERMALPOWER PLANT
 OPERATION MECHANISM

• The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for
producing heat .
• In Boiler the water is converted to steam.
•In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and
that steam is called super heated steam.
•The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.
•The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates
the intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.
• The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.
•The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which
produceselectric Power.
MAIN AND AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
•Coal handling plant
•Pulverizing plant
•Boiler
•Superheater
•Turbine
•Generator
•Condenser
•Cooling tower and pounds
•Feed water heater
•Economizer and Reheater
•Air preheater
•Switchyard
•Ash handling plant
 COAL HANDLING PLANT

• The function of coal handling

plant is automatic feeding of
coal to the boiler furnace.
• A thermal power plant burns
enormous amounts of coal.
• A 200MW plant may require
around 2000 tons of coal daily
• following are the process of
plant-:
1. Unloading process
2. Feeding process
3. Screening process
4. Crushing process
5. Stacking process
6. Reclaiming process
7. Bunkering process
 BOILER
•A boiler or steam
generator is a closed
vessel to which water
under pressure, is
converted into steam.

•It is one of the major

components of a thermal
power plant.

•Always designed to
absorb maximum amount
of heat released in the
process of combustion.
 SUPER HEATER

•A device which moves last

traces of moisture.

•It helps in reduction in

requirement of steam
quantity.

•Steam being dry reduces

the mechanical resistance
of turbine.

•No corrosion at the Turbine

blades.
 TURBINE
•A steam turbine converts heat
energy of steam into mechanical
energy and drives the generator.
• It uses the principle that steam
when issuing from a small
opening attains a high velocity.

•This velocity attained during

expansion depends on the initial
and final heat content of the
steam.

•This difference b/w initial and

final heat content represents the
heat energy converted into
kinetic energy.

•These are of two types :-

1. Impulse turbine
 GENERATOR

•The Synchronus Generator is used to generate power by

connecting the shaft of the Turbine to the shaft of the generator
which create the magnetic flux producing Emf.

•The generated voltage will generally 33 KV to 11 KV max.

• the generated Voltage is stepped up by connecting Step up

transformer and is also used for auxilliary purpose.
 CONDENSER
• Which condenses the
steam at the exhaust of
turbine.

• It creates a very low

pressure at the exhaust of
turbine, this helps in
converting heat energy of
steam into mechanical
energy in the prime mover.

• The condensed steam can

be used as feed water to the
boiler.
 COOLING TOWER
• Remove heat from the water
discharged from the condenser
so that the water can be
discharged to the river or re
circulated and reused.

• Air can be circulated in the

cooling towers through natural
draft and mechanical draft.
 SWITCHYARD

•A switchyard is a part of an
electrical generation,
transmission system.

•Switchyard transform
voltage from high to low’ or
the reverse, or perform any
of several other important
functions
 EQUIPMENTS IN
SWITCHYARD
1. BUS BAR
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•OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS
2. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
3. BREAKER
4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
5. EARTHING ROD
6. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
7. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

•.INDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. RELAYS
2. CONTROL PANNEL
3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS
 ASH HANDLING PLANT
•The percentage of ash in coal
varies
from 5% in good quality coal to
about
40% in poor quality coal Power
plants generally use poor quality
of coal .

•thus amount of ash produced by

it is pretty large .

•A modern 2000MW plant

produces
about 5000 tons of ash daily.

• The stations use some conveyor

arrangement to carry ash to
dump
 UTILISATION OF SECONDARY
RAW MATERIAL (ASH)
• Construction of embankments and fills

• Construction of road in sub-base

• Manufacture of cement

• Manufacture of bricks/blocks

• Filling as flowable fill material

• Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential plant

nutrients
 ADVANTAGES

•The fuel used is quite cheap.

•Less initial cost as compared to other generating
plants.

•It can be installed at any place irrespective of the

existence of coal.

•The coal can be easily transported to the site

•It require less space as compared to Hydro power
plants.

Cost of generation is less than that of diesel

 DISADVANTAGES

•It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large

amount of smoke and fumes.

•It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro

electric plants.

•Maintenance cost is more.

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