EIA - Indo Stone Quarry

Submitted by:
Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand Ltd
P O Box 858 Kampala

An Environment Impact
Contact; (+256) 200658200
Statement for the proposed
Email; info@indo-ug.com stone quarry in Kabaale, Hoima
District
Prepared by:
Eco Innovations International Limited
P.O Box 4470 Kampala
Tel 256 414230647
Email: eco.innove@gmail.com
CONSULTANTS
This EIA study for the proposed stone quarry was undertaken by a
team of certified environmental practitioners supported by other
experts below on behalf of Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand Limited in
consultation with various stakeholders including government and
private institutions relevant to the project.
Name Expertise Signature
Wilbroad Certified Environmental

Kukundakwe Practitioner/Team Leader/
Industrial chemist/ OSH
and EIA specialist
Phionah Sasira Certified Environmental

Practitioner/
Pollution/Waste
management specialist
Babra Kamatungo Certified Environmental

Practitioner/Environmentali
st
Other contributing consultants include;
1. Annet Arinaitwe – Sociologist

2. Umar Etuumye – Mining Specialist
3. Bright Kabalega – Geologist.
EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

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4. Sharifah Najjuka – Environmentalist
5. Beatrice Nambi – Environmentalist
6. luwulira Muhammed – Lawyer

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Stone quarry products demand are increasingly becoming high in

Uganda’s economy given the spontaneous increase in industrialisation
in the country today. There is an increase in demand for quarry
products especially in the …… part of country due to the discovery of
oil in the Albertine region. It is in line with this, that Indo-Uganda
Quarry and Sand Limited decided to establish a stone quarrying site
on Plot 144, Block 4, Vol. 860 Folio 20 at Kabaale Village, Kabaale
Parish, Buseruka Sub County, Bugaya County in Hoima District lying
at coordinates N1.457266 and E31.024264.
In line with EIA regulations (1998), Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand

Limited, hereafter “the Developer”, has undertaken an Environment
Impact Assessment Study for the proposed project. This EIS
implements the provisions of the National Environment Act Cap 153
and has been produced in accordance with relevant provisions of the
EIA Regulations (1998). The report contains detailed evaluation of the
environmental and social aspects of the proposed project. It highlights
the implications of the project on the environment and social setup
and also inspires public and stakeholder interest in the project
objectives and challenges. The study also makes constructive
suggestions on how to improve the environmental performance of
proposed project and describes measures for avoiding, mitigating and
managing impacts and finally discusses the alternatives to project
development.

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Quarried stones will be crushed into aggregates prior to usage, there
are anticipated emissions associates with use of diesel-powered
earthmoving equipment and blasting gases. Contamination of water
resources is likely to occur in the event of petrochemical spillages
from storage facilities and equipment, and these can largely either be
prevented or cleaned up effectively. The major environmental impacts
are of a visual nature, while in sensitive areas, habitat destruction and
the destruction of archaeological heritage may become significant
impacts.
Other impacts associated with quarries are occupational health and

safety impacts. Injuries from electric shock and ingestion of pigments
and other chemicals is another possible risk that workers are likely to
face. There could also be injuries from operation of the various
automatic components of equipment and bruises or back injuries from
repeated lifting. Dust inhalation can also damage workers health so is
chemical exposure, these impacts can leave workers incapacitated or
cause death. It is anticipated that opening proposed quarry will also
trigger social impacts including (i) Damage to public infrastructure,
(ii) Demographic changes (iii) HIV transmission (iv) Traffic alternation
in the area, community displacement and loss of land value, and
contingent impacts including fire and explosion effects, accidental
spills, occupational and safety risks and may compromise community
safety. Education, skilfulness and observance of safety tips are
important ways to prevent and reduce mining incidents.
The probability of occurrence, severity and magnitude of each impact

has been assessed. Impact severity has also been determined by

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evaluating the intensity of the impact and the sensitivity of the
environmental and social receptors. From the assessment, impacts
prior to implementation of mitigation measures were mostly major but
then reduced to moderate, minor and negligible when mitigation
measures are implemented.
An Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been

prepared as part of this report to guide implementation of mitigation
measures. The ESMP specifies the technical, operational, managerial
and institutional measures to be undertaken to minimize or eliminate
any adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. The ESMP
also defines the timeframe within which mitigation measures are to be
implemented and the individuals/institutions responsible for
implementation. This report recommends that the quarry
management should ensure that the mitigatory path defined in this
Environmental and Social Impact Statement (ESIS) is applied to
harness project benefits whilst minimising negative ones. It’s further
recommended that moderate impact severity would necessitate that
particular attention be paid to these impacts during project operation
through continuous management and monitoring exercises. In
conclusion, therefore, opening up of this quarry provides and
stabilises the supply of associated materials without necessarily
compromising the area social and environmental set up.

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ACRONYMS
ANFO Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil
CSR Corporate Social Responsibility
dB (A) Decibel
DGSM Department of Geological Surveys and Mines
EDWs: Emissions, Discharges or Wastes
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EIS Environmental Impact Statement
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESIS Environmental and Social Impact Statement
HAV Hand-Arm Vibration
LC Local Council
MEMD Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development
MGLSD Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social

Development
NEMA National Environment Management Authority
NO Nitrous oxide
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
OHS Occupational Health and Safety
PM Particulate Matter

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PPE Personnel Protective Equipment
ToR Terms of Reference
UNBS Uganda National Bureau of Standards
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator
WBV Whole Body Vibration
WGS World Geodetic System
PAPs Project Affected Persons

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONSULTANTS.......................................................................................................... II
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................... III
ACRONYMS.............................................................................................................. VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................... VIII
LIST OF PLATES..................................................................................................... XIV
LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................... XIV
1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 15
1.1 Purpose of the study............................................................................................... 16
1.2 Objectives of the EIA study....................................................................................16
1.3 Scope of the work................................................................................................... 17
1.4 Structure of the report........................................................................................... 17
2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION........................................................19
2.1 Project location...................................................................................................... 19
2.1.1 Project land requirements..................................................................................19
2.1.2 Site access.......................................................................................................... 20
2.2 Proposed project.................................................................................................... 21
2.2.1 Quarry Activities................................................................................................ 21
2.2.2 Haulage and transport equipment:....................................................................23
2.2.3 Structures at the site.......................................................................................... 24
2.2.4 Project labour..................................................................................................... 24
2.2.5 Project cost and schedule...................................................................................24
3 STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY........................................................25
3.1 Overall approach.................................................................................................... 25
3.2 Review of relevant studies and policy and legal documents..................................25
3.3 Field surveys and data collection...........................................................................25
3.4 Stakeholder’s consultation.....................................................................................26
3.5 Use of data generated by other disciplines............................................................27
3.6 Impact identification, analysis and development of mitigation measures..............27
3.7 Project screening................................................................................................... 28
3.8 Impacts scoping..................................................................................................... 28
3.9 Study scope and area boundaries..........................................................................28
4 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK...................................30
4.1 Policy Frameworks................................................................................................. 30

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4.2 Legal Frameworks.................................................................................................. 31
4.3 Institutional Framework......................................................................................... 36
5 AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS.........................................................................38
5.1 Location/project area............................................................................................. 38
5.2 Physical Environment............................................................................................. 43
5.2.1 Topography and climate.....................................................................................43
5.2.2 Geology.............................................................................................................. 43
5.2.3 Baseline noise levels.......................................................................................... 44
5.2.4 Air Quality.......................................................................................................... 45
5.2.5 Soil..................................................................................................................... 46
5.3 Biological Environment.......................................................................................... 46
5.3.1 Vegetation.......................................................................................................... 46
5.3.2 Fauna.................................................................................................................. 47
5.4 Social-economic conditions....................................................................................47
5.4.1 Land tenure and use........................................................................................... 48
6 POTENTIAL PROJECT IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES..........................50
6.1 Impact evaluation criteria......................................................................................50
6.2 Positive project impacts.........................................................................................51
6.2.1 Employment opportunities.................................................................................51
6.2.2 A solution to public expectation.........................................................................51
6.2.3 Initiate local development/multiplier effect.......................................................51
6.2.4 Source of revenue.............................................................................................. 52
6.2.5 6.2.5 Creation of market for goods and services and secondary businesses.....52
6.2.6 Skills development............................................................................................. 53
6.2.7 Optimal land utilization......................................................................................53
6.3 Negative impacts.................................................................................................... 54
6.3.1 Preparation phase impacts.................................................................................55
6.3.2 Dust and noise nuisance.....................................................................................56
6.3.3 Occupational health and safety impacts.............................................................56
6.3.4 Impacts on soils and water courses....................................................................57
6.4 Operation phase impacts........................................................................................58
6.4.1 Public health and amenity..................................................................................58
6.4.2 Drainage impairment......................................................................................... 59
6.4.3 Impacts on public infrastructure and services...................................................59
6.4.4 Displacement of arable land/land take...............................................................60

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6.4.5 Traffic flow and safety........................................................................................61
6.4.6 Health impacts................................................................................................... 62
6.5 Environmental Impacts..........................................................................................63
6.5.1 Alteration of site scenery...................................................................................63
6.5.2 Soil erosion......................................................................................................... 64
6.5.3 Loss of habitat and plant species.......................................................................65
6.5.4 Dust emission and air pollution..........................................................................66
6.5.5 Noise emission................................................................................................... 68
6.5.6 Vibration and tremor impacts............................................................................69
6.5.7 Generation of solid waste...................................................................................71
6.6 Contingent Impacts................................................................................................72
6.6.1 Occupational Safety and Health impacts...........................................................72
6.6.2 Operational and management failure.................................................................78
6.6.3 Environmental offsets and uncertainties............................................................78
6.7 Decommissioning impacts......................................................................................78
7 CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES..............................................................82
7.1 Without project (No-Action) scenario.....................................................................82
7.2 Project development alternatives...........................................................................82
7.3 Alternative site....................................................................................................... 83
7.4 Environmental management approaches...............................................................83
8 PUBLIC CONSULTATION...................................................................................85
8.1 Stakeholder consultation approach/methodology..................................................85
8.2 Stakeholders’ response analysis............................................................................86
8.2.1 Findings of consultations...................................................................................88
9 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...................................90
9.1 The monitoring team..............................................................................................90
10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................109
11 REFERENCES..................................................................................................112
12 APPENDICES................................................................................................... 113
12.1 Appendix I: Approval letter for Terms of Reference.............................................113
12.2 Appendix II: Copy of the lease agreement...........................................................116
12.3 Appendix III: Certificate of incorporation............................................................120
12.4 Appendix IV: List of stakeholders consulted during the EIA study.......................122
12.5 Appendix V: Minutes for consultation..................................................................126
12.6 Appendix VI: Magazine Licenses for blasters......................................................128

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12.7 Appendix VII: Site layout boundaries...................................................................132

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LIST OF PLATES
Plate 5-1: Satellite image showing the proposed site marked by a

white boundary (Image is Courtesy of Google Earth).........................32
Plate 5-2: Overview of the proposed site for the quarry.....................33
Plate 5-3: Showing the rock outgrowth in the area surrounded by

scanty vegetation and standing in isolation from major settlement. . .34
Plate 5-4: Showing part of the rock surface being used by households
to dry their crops.................................................................................34
Plate 5-5: One of the community routes traversing the site................34
Plate 5-6: The land area extent covering the proposed site................35
Plate 5-7: Showing one of the Homesteads likely to be affected by the

proposed quarry...................................................................................35
Plate 5-8: A potatoes Garden one of the major economic activities in

the area................................................................................................36
Plate 5-9: Soil characteristic of the area.............................................39
Plate 5-10: Area vegetation is characterized by patched of tropical and

savannah tree species sparingly left on farmland...............................40
Plate 5-11: Showing mounds of soil used for potatoes growing as the
most common farming practice...........................................................41
Plate 5-12: Showing the current use of rock out growth in the area. .42
Plate 5-13: Undeveloped land close to the proposed site....................42
Plate 8-1: Hoima District Environment Officer addressing the

community during the meeting............................................................76
Plate 8-2: Standing is the chairperson LC1 addressing about the

proposed project..................................................................................77

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Plate 8-3: Community members that attended the consultation
meeting................................................................................................77
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4-1: Draft air quality standards applicable to the proposed

project..................................................................................................23
Table 4-2: Maximum permissible noise levels for the general

environment.........................................................................................25
Table 4-3: Maximum permissible noise levels (continuous or

intermittent noise)...............................................................................26
Table 5-1: Baseline noise levels at that site (March, 2018).................36
Table 5-2: Showing Baseline Toxic Gases at the site (March, 2018)...37
Table 9-1: Summary of potential impacts and their proposed

mitigation measures.............................................................................80

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1 INTRODUCTION
Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand Limited intends to establish a stone

quarrying site on Plot 144, Block 4, Vol. 860 Folio 20 at Kabaale
Village, Kabaale Parish, Buseruka Sub County, Bugaya County in
Hoima District lying at coordinates N1.457266 and E31.024264.
Access to the site is off Hoima-Kyenjojo Road. The company has
commissioned and environmental impact assessment study prior to
project implementation. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is
used as planning and management tool to ensure economic
developments are socially acceptable, economically viable and
environmentally sustainable. It helps in predicting the environmental
consequences or impacts of any development project with a view of
recommending mitigation and enhancement measures. EIA helps to
anticipate potential adverse environmental impacts associated to a
proposed project and to arrange mitigation measures at an early stage
in the project planning and design so as to avoid/minimize the
potential adverse consequences.
The impact assessment covers consequences related to the

implementation of the proposed project on ecological, economic,
cultural, aesthetic, health and safety, social, and amenity impacts. In
the interim, EIA is a useful entry point to a closer integration of
environmental, social and economic considerations in evaluating
proposed actions exhibit many of the requirements for establishing an
integrated approach to implement sustainable development.

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This EIA also provides guidance on how environmental factors can be
incorporated in the establishment and operational phases of the
project. It also makes constructive suggestions on improving the
environmental performance of the project to ensure that the in situ
environmental and social integrity is preserved in addition to assuring
project sustainability. The EIA study also describes measures for
avoiding, mitigating and managing impacts and discusses the
alternatives to development.
1.1 Purpose of the study
This assessment is in line with the National Environment Act Cap 153,
and its subordinate regulations particularly the National
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations (1998), which
require undertaking of the EIA for any a development project prior to
its establishment. This assessment therefore, provides mitigation
measures to all the identified potentially adverse environmental
impacts of the project. The study covers the physical, biological and
socio-cultural-economic environment of the project area. The study is
intended to meet the requirements of the Government of Uganda and
the project specific ToR [Appendix].
1.2 Objectives of the EIA study
Generally, stone quarrying is associated with extraction of the mineral

from its natural state which certainly alters the area natural
landscape, creates burrow pits and the associated health and safety

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impacts. The process also consumes energy and water (in operating
machines and cooling plant equipment), this is in addition to
generation of emissions into the environment from blasting and
crushing.
The national legislation requires that such facilities that portend

danger to the intergenerational equity and natural resource base
should prior to establishment and operation submit to the EIA
procedure. The environmental legislation also obliges the developer to
ensure that all project likely impacts are identified and appropriate
mitigation measures suggested are implemented to avoid the impacts
or minimize them to levels below the critical load. This EIA study
therefore, is aimed at predicting, assessing and recommending
abatement actions for the identified potential environmental and
social impacts associated with the establishment, operating and
decommissioning of the project at the proposed site.
1.3 Scope of the work
As stated in the project’s ToR without limiting the scope and content
of the final EIA, the assignment of the consultant is generally to
address the following matters: (i) review of existing policies,
legislations and institutional framework related to environmental
matters; (ii) description of the baseline environmental condition of
the project area including environmental components that will be
affected by or will affect the proposed project; (iii) identification of the
probable negative and positive environment and social impacts of the
project; (iv) ensure public involvement in the EIA study process; (v)
formulate mitigation measures for the identified negative impacts of

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the proposed project on the environment, including detail costs and
expected outcomes; (vi) prepare environmental management and
monitoring plans.
1.4 Structure of the report
This report has been structured to fulfil the requirements of the

national environmental requirement particularly the Environmental
Impact Assessment Guidelines and to be consistent with the approved
ToR of the project. The report is organized in ten sections: the first,
second, third, fourth and fifth sections describe introduction,
description of the proposed project, methodology, policy, legal and
administrative framework, and baseline conditions and environmental
setting of the project site respectively.
Section six discusses the identification; analysis and evaluation

processes and findings of each potentially significant issue as well as
relevant mitigation measures to avoid, minimize or offset adverse
impacts and potential enhancement measures and interventions to
maximize the benefits and outcomes of the proposed project. Seven
section illustrates the analysis of alternatives including the “without
project” or no- action scenario. In section eight the deals with public
perception of the project while section nine discusses the
environmental management monitoring plans. The final part of the
report (section ten) presents the conclusions and recommendations
that are drawn from the findings. Finally, references, annexes of
relevant information, and lists of consulted organizations and
individuals are present at the end of the document.

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2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
2.1 Project location
The stone quarry is proposed on Plot 144, Block 4, Vol. 860 Folio 20 at
Kabaale Village, Kabaale Parish, Buseruka Sub County, Bugadya
County in Hoima District lying at coordinates N1.457266 and
E31.024264. The site is largely vacant characterized by ample
vegetation and rocky materials in a hilly terrain with elevations
ranging between 1000m and 1300 meters above sea level. From the
proposed site, heading down in the gorge, the area is characterized by
exposed boulders and high-water levels in a seasonal stream during
the rainy seasons. The escarpment is characterized by several
stretches of rocky outcrops and boulders, with very fast running and
turbulent water flow and several stretches of rapids. Closer to the
gorge, the seasonal stream flow is calm.
2.1.1 Project land requirements
The land measures approximately 220 acres but only 50 acres will be
used to establish the quarry and its associated structures. There are
four homesteads in and close to the proposed site. Among these four,
one household lies inside the 50 acres that will be used to establish
the quarry while the three households lie inside the 170 acres
bordering the proposed site. All these households came up as a result
of the land being vacant for a long time and the current owners
obtained permission from the landlord “Mr. Bantu Tito” to construct
the houses as means of securing the 220 acres of land that belonged
to him. Part of this land (50 acres) was sold to Indo-Uganda Quarry

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and Sand Ltd to establish the proposed quarry. The household inside
the proposed site will be relocated as there is still more vacant land.
Table PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION -1: Site

coordinates
Point A N1.115213, E30.673300
Point B N1.113668, E30.676554
Point C N1.111772, E30.674052
Point D N1.113045, E30.672923
Point E N1.113881, E30.672359
2.1.2 Site access
Access to the site about 37 kilometres from Hoima town through a

tarmac road leading to Buseruka and about 1 kilometre branching off
on the left-hand side from the main road to the proposed site.

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Plate PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION -1: Access
roads to the site
2.2 Proposed project
Proposed project is opening up a stone quarry, the initial project

activities will include (i) Stripping away existing wearing gravel
surface as per design specifications (ii) Earthworks involving cut and
fill operations (iii) Excavation of gravel and soils from borrow areas
(iv) Rock blasting and crushing to obtain aggregate. Holes positions
according to the blast design are marked and drilled at the requisite
angles and then filled with explosives. Detonator cords are placed in
each hole and then filled with explosives up to a few metres of the
rock top. The remaining depth is "stemmed" with quarry dust or fine
aggregate and the site is cleared. Sirens are sounded to make sure
that everyone nearby is warned. The detonators are connected to the
electric trigger wire and the circuit is checked. A final safety check is

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carried out and only when the final clearance is given does the shot
firer set off the explosives.
After the blast, the face and shot pile (sometimes called the muck-
heap) are inspected to check that all the shot holes have fired
correctly. The face shovel or loader then tidies up the shot pile and
starts to load the dumper trucks that take the rock to the crusher.
Boulders which are too big to go through the crusher are set to one
side for secondary breaking at a later date. Secondary breaking is
typically done using a hydraulic digger fitted with a rock hammer,
though crawler cranes with steel drop-balls may be used in some
quarries. A list of the types of explosives to be used is presented
include Ammonium Nitrate, Super power (50x400mm), Super power
(25X 200mm), Cordex (1000 mtrs/box), Detonating relays (17ms),
Safety fuse (250m), Non-electric detonators, Electric detonators (Fuse
cable), Plain Detonators.
2.2.1 Quarry Activities
Crushing: Crushing is done in the following stages;
a) Primary crushing is usually by a jaw crusher consisting of a heavy

metal plate which moves backwards and forwards against a fixed
plate (these are the "jaws"). The moving plate is kept in motion
and given its crushing energy by a large flywheel. Rock from the
quarry face is fed into the top of the crusher and crushed rock falls
out of the bottom of the jaws. The size of the crushed stone which
passes through the jaws is partly governed by the gap set at the
bottom of the jaws, though larger size rocks can pass through if

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the rock being crushed is slab by or elongate in shape. Large
scale gyratory crushers can also be used.
b) Secondary crushing; this is where the output from the primary

crusher is conveyed onto the primary stockpile from which the
secondary crusher is fed. There is a screen house just after the
secondary crusher which screens out small size crushed stone and
dust onto blinding stockpiles. The larger sized stones pass through
to the final crushing stages where they are fed through a series of
cone crushers and screens. The output from the final cone
crushers is conveyed to a screen house where large multiple deck
screens sort the crushed stone into the required aggregate sizes.
c) Tertiary crushing: Secondary, tertiary and quaternary crushers

are generally gyratory, or cone, crushers. These operate on the
principle of a steel mantle mounted on an eccentric bearing and
vertical shaft assembly. In tertiary crushing, rotation of the
eccentric assembly makes the mantle gyrate within a static outer
concave. There is a gap between the mantle and the concave. The
shape of the gap is tapered towards the base. As the mantle
gyrates inside the concave, the gap between it and the concave at
any one point opens and closes on each gyration, this produces the
required crushing action. Stone is fed in at the top and crushed
product falls out from the bottom of the cone. The mantle can be
raised or lowered within the concave, allowing the gap, and
therefore the size of the crushed product, to be varied to a limited

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degree. If the crusher is jammed by a stray bit of steel, e.g., a
digger bucket tooth, the mantle automatically moves down to clear
the obstruction.
d) Screening: Finally, each stage of crushing produces progressively

smaller sized stones. In order to produce a usable end-product,
the crushed rock has to be screened into various size categories.
Crushed and screened rock is called aggregate. Screening is
carried out at various stages in the crushing process. Screens are
basically box frames into which sheets of screen meshes of the
required apertures are inserted, clamped and tensioned. Screens
are usually "multi-deck", i.e., two or more screen meshes are
stacked vertically within the screen frame. The whole screen is
coupled to its support frame by springs or resilient rubber
mountings. Screens are made to vibrate by a rotating transverse
shaft. The shaft is machined to be unbalanced, and when driven by
an electric motor by v-belts, the required vibratory motion to
agitate the aggregate is imparted. Screen decks are mounted at
an angle so that the aggregate moves down them. Aggregate is fed
onto the high end of the top deck and the vibration causes the
aggregate to jiggle down the screen until it either drops through a
mesh aperture or falls off the end of a deck. The aggregate is then
sorted or 'screened' according to the mesh sizes fitted, from large
aperture mesh at the top, to small aperture mesh at the bottom.

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2.2.2 Haulage and transport equipment:
Since the foundation for the crusher unit accessories already exists
and the quarry plant will be installed for the operation to start.
Loading of the stone will be done with the help of shovels and
excavators at face and stock yard. Stone gritty will be manually
loaded into trucks. A truck will be used for transportation of stone and
stone ballast from the site to various destinations. The following
equipment is used in the quarrying operation Stone crushing plant,
Primary/Secondary Crushers, conveyor belt, screen –depending on
size of expected aggregates, return belt conveyor, out feed belt
conveyors, motors, pulleys, water pump and standby generators
Storage and transport: The crushed aggregate in various sizes will

be heaped at the side of the crusher plant ready for dispatch.
Transportation to various construction sites will be by private trucks
on order. The delivery trucks will have tarpaulins covering the
aggregates/stone dust transportation to prevent spillage along the
transportation routes.
2.2.3 Structures at the site
Prior to any works, the site will be secured with a chain-link fence
around the boundaries. Structures at the site will include;
administrative and offices, stores, a laboratory, a worker’s camp and
workshop. Others facilities at the site will include; a fuel dispensing
and storage facility whose operation should be subjected to an
independent EIA.

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2.2.4 Project labour
The project will have overall management responsible for the quarry,
the quarry is expected to employ approximately 15 skilled staff
including a site supervisor, mining specialist and equipment
operators. Besides, the skilled personnel there will be 25 casual
workers who will be undertaking the daily operations of the quarry.
This is in addition to 2 cooks, 1 cleaner, 1 security guard and two
Police Officers. Management is in touch with PA Technical Services to
use their camp since the project is complete. Approximately 30-40
workers will be staying at the site and thus a worker’s camp will be
set up.
2.2.5 Project cost and schedule
The cost of the proposed project is estimated at Uganda Shillings One

Hundred Million (UGX 100,000,000) and quarry operation is expected
to commence immediately after securing all approvals.

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3 STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Overall approach
The overall approach to the study is designed in accordance with the

National Environmental Impact Assessment requirements and
guidelines, and the approved ToR. The EIA guidelines established the
overall framework of the process with standardized terminology and
methods. EIA study is based on review of relevant previous studies
(international experiences), policy and guideline documents, primary
data collected through field survey, secondary data gathered from
various offices at village, divisional and district levels, and discussion
and consultations with key stakeholders, experts on the area and the
local communities. This environmental and social impact assessment
was conducted by a group of professionals comprising
environmentalists, sociologists, and geologists.
3.2 Review of relevant studies and policy and legal documents
National, regional and sectoral policies, legislation and guidelines

were reviewed to identify the relevant environmental policies, laws
and regulations pertinent to environmental protection issues and
natural resources management. In addition; existing documents on
previous studies of similar projects, various literatures and
government reports (technical, social, demographic, economic etc.)
were obtained and reviewed to predict impacts and obtain important
data for the baseline description of the project environment
(reference).

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3.3 Field surveys and data collection
A field survey was conducted in August 2018, in the project’s location,

comprehensive baseline data on the environment and socio-economic
settings was collected using data collection formats, checklists and
long-range listing of the biophysical features of the project site and its
influence areas. During the field surveys site-specific baseline data on
the environmental characteristics of the project site and influence
area was collected through visual observations and interviews with
local authorities, experts and local people, photographs were
collected from representative sites and added in relevant sections of
the report. In addition, relevant government officials and individuals
were consulted. Those primary and secondary data have been
compiled and evaluated to present a clear description of the baseline
environmental conditions of the project influence area predict
potential environmental impacts of the proposed project and develop
management and monitoring plans.
3.4 Stakeholder’s consultation
Public involvement is a cornerstone and fundamental principle of the

EIA process, The Environmental impact assessment guidelines call for
broad public involvement combined with greater accountability in
environmental and development decision-making. To meet the
requirements of both the national and local regulatory authorities and
seek the views and concerns on the project, formal as well as informal
consultations were conducted with concerned officials and experts at
different administrative levels, and with representatives of the local
community of the affected and interested groups.

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Public hearing and consultations with participants from different
society groups was conducted. In addition, discussions about the
proposed project were held with semi structured interviews with
relevant individuals and institutions at district, and ministerial levels
to solicit their views, concerns and comments to maximize the social
and environmental outcomes of the project, obtaining key information
from indigenous and current experiences and knowledge, impact
identification, scoping, examination of alternatives, planning of
potential mitigation measures , and identify deliverables that can be
provided by different stakeholders. Public consultation was extended
beyond the affected community in the project area, to understand the
views of any member of the public that is knowledgeable on the
impacts of the project or is better informed on environmental trends
of the project area (See appendices for a list consulted stakeholders).
During the consultation process stakeholders were identified and

consulted to assess their interests, concerns and their opinions in
relation to the proposed quarry project and support that can be
offered to the project. The identified stakeholders were grouped into
categories to provide valuable inputs for identification of impacts,
formulating mitigation measures and preparation of environmental
management and control plans. All the consulted stakeholders and the
consulted individuals welcomed the proposed quarry project.
However, there were some concerns regarding pollution and
aesthetics of the neighbouring community and the local environment.
The major findings from the consultation are presented in chapter
eight.

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3.5 Use of data generated by other disciplines
Different data from different individuals, institutions and

organizations relevant to the study subject were used and reviewed to
supplement the socio-economic and biophysical conditions of the
project site and its influence area, understand the proposed technical
features of the project so as to render the impact assessment as
comprehensive as possible. The major sources include Department of
Geological Surveys and Mines-Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Development, Department of Occupational Health and Safety-Ministry
of Gender, Labour and Social Development, Uganda National Roads
Authority (UNRA), The National Environment Management Authority
(NEMA), Uganda Quarry Operators Association and Hoima District.
3.6 Impact identification, analysis and development of

mitigation measures
This task was performed with substantive discussion and consultation

of stakeholders (project beneficiaries, other interested and affected
parties, and implementing organizations). It involved: identification of
potential socio-economic issues and environmental impacts,
evaluation of significant impacts and development of practical
mitigation measures for any impacts found to be both significant and
negative (section 6). The process was carried out by focusing on the
issues identified during scoping. The development of mitigation
measures was carried out in cooperation with the designers, project
operators and professionals in the area such as geologist.

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3.7 Project screening
One of the earliest tasks in the EIA process is to determine whether or

not it should be subject to EIA and the level of assessment that may
be required (project screening). It is at this stage where whether or
not a proposal requires EIA and the level at which the assessment
should occur considering the nature and size of the project, sensitivity
of the receiving environment and defined on the activity schedule is
determined. To undertake this EIA guidelines are used. According to
the guidelines schedule of activities, under stone quarrying is
categorized as activities in the Third Schedule of the National
Environmental Act, and it has the potential of causing wide scale
impacts and possible death to workers and the public, this report is a
full (detail) EIA study.
3.8 Impacts scoping
Scoping involves the identification and “narrowing down” of potential

environmental impacts to ensure that the EIA focuses in key issues for
decision-making and ensures that the EIA focuses on pertinent issues.
The significant environmental and social issues that needed to be
addressed are listed out in the ToR. Public and expert’s concerns were
further identified during the interview, formal and informal discussion
with informants and focus group discussion sessions. The lists of the
potential impacts associated with the proposed quarry project are
pinpointed and discussed in this report.

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3.9 Study scope and area boundaries
The boundary area for the study is limited to area in particular

Kabaale, nevertheless, the positive and negative impacts without
doubt will affect a number of dwellers down slope and road users in
the area.

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4 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
Stone quarrying has several legal, environment and social

implications. It is mediated by ecological, economic, social and culture
norms. In this section relevant policy, legal and administrative
framework governing environmental issues in Hoima District and
Uganda in general are consulted to ensure that the proposed quarry
project and activities therein, are in line with those laws and
requirements. It also identifies agencies, departments and institutions
responsible for the monitoring and enforcement of legal requirements
specified therein.
4.1 Policy Frameworks
The Mining Policy: The overall goal is the promotion of an

integrated and sustainable mineral sector that achieves sustainable
increases in the economic, social and environmental benefits from
minerals by the people of Uganda, especially the poor and vulnerable.
National Environment Management Policy, 1994: The overall

goal of this policy is promotion of sustainable economic and social
development mindful of the needs of future generations and an
environment analysis is one of the vital tools used in ensuring
environmental quality and resource productivity on long-term basis.
The policy calls for integration of environmental concerns into
development policies, plans and projects at national, district and local
levels. Hence, the policy requires that projects or policies likely to
have significant adverse ecological or social impacts undertake an
assessment prior to implementation.

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National Water Policy, 1999: This policy is important with regard to
potential effects of offsite migration of contaminated runoff. Due to
site topography characterised by some gently sloping terrain, storm
water from the proposed site can discharge into the stream that
traverses the land. One of the main objectives of the policy is to
control pollution of water resources and promote safe storage,
treatment and disposal of waste, which could have adverse effects on
public health. Hence, contamination of water sources during
development or operation of the project would conflict with this policy.
National Soils Policy for Uganda: The policy seeks to encourage

land users to participate in soil conservation by ensuring long-term
interests in the programme in respect to capital and labour
requirements.
4.2 Legal Frameworks
The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995: The

constitution provides for, inter alia protection and preservation of the
environment as a sacred responsibility for all. Therefore, undertaking
this study is aimed at precipitating the likely impacts from the
operation of the quarry and suggests practical, technical and
administrative countermeasures in line with this constitutional
requirement.
National Environment Act, Cap 153: This specific legislation

mandates the undertaking of environmental impact assessments (EIA)
in Uganda for projects likely to have significant impacts on the
environment prior to implementation.

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National Air Quality Standards, 2006 (draft): Operation of the
quarry would have air emissions; specifically, dust, NO x, SOx and other
emissions associated with stone quarrying operations. The Draft
National Air quality standards provide the regulatory limits upon
which the proposed operations will submit are presented in table
below;
Table POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

FRAMEWORK-2: Draft air quality standards
applicable to the proposed project
Pollutant Averagin Examples to which Standar Standard for

g time for standards are d for emissions
ambient applicable to ambient (point
air air sources)
200
Silica 24 hr Construction ugNm-3
industry, detergent
and manufacture,
quarries
<50mg/Nm3
Total 24 hr Industries (e.g. 300 ugN
suspended cement, lime), m-3
particles/ quarries, grain
particulate milling, coffee
emissions processors,
pharmaceuticals
and any other trade

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8 hr 9.0 ppm
Carbon Breweries, soft
dioxide drink industries,
burning processes
Combustion 9.0 ppm
Carbon 8 hr processes, boilers
monoxide
Nitrogen 24 hr 1- Combustion 0.10

oxides year processes, welding ppm
(NOx) Arithmeti 300
c mean mg/Nm3
Road Act, Cap 358: The Road Act (Cap 358 of the Laws of Uganda)
provides for the maintenance of roads by empowering the Minister of
Works and Transport and respective local governments. The need for
government to maintain basic control over developments along the
road is to ensure that basic necessities of maintaining road geometry
and engineering needs such as sight lines, horizontal curvatures, sight
distances and road safety considerations are in place. Transportation
of the quarry products from the site will have an impact on the road
networks where these trucks will be using frequently; the company is
advised to liaise with district councils to see how they can be involved
in upgrading of the roads in question.
Local Governments Act, Cap 243: This Act provides for

decentralised governance and devolution of central government
functions, powers and services to local governments that have their
own political and administrative set-ups. Hence implementation of the
proposed project will directly be under the local government. Local

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authorities have powers to oversee implementation of development
activities under direct supervision of their relevant departments.
Therefore, this study is in line with the requirement for proposed
developments in local authorities.
Public Health Act, Cap 281: This Act provides local authorities with
administrative powers to take all lawful, necessary and reasonable
measures to prevent the occurrence or deal with any outbreak or
prevalence of any infectious communicable or preventable disease
and to safeguard and promote the public health. The Act mandates
local authorities (Section 103) to prevent environmental pollution in
the interest of public good. This Act is thus applicable to construction,
operation and decommissioning of the proposed project and
management of associated process waste and emissions.
Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006: The Occupational

Safety and Health Act, 2006 consolidates, harmonizes and updates the
law relating to occupational safety and health and repeals the “mining
Act”. It provides for the health, workplace safety and welfare of
employees. The Act provides for regular facility inspection by lead
agencies and ensuring worker safety by providing requisite protection
gear.
National Environment (Noise Standards and Control)

Regulations, 2003: Part III Section 8 (1) requires machinery
operators to use the best practicable means to ensure that noise
emission does not exceed permissible noise levels. The regulations
require that persons to be exposed to occupational noise exceeding 85
dBA for 8 hours should be provided with requisite ear protection.

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During operation the process line will comprise of various running
machines which will generate noise in the process. Table 4-2 and
Table 4-3 presents the noise acceptable limits in accordance to the
laws of Uganda.

FRAMEWORK-3: Maximum permissible noise levels
for the general environment
Noise limits
dB(A) (Leq)
Facility
Day Night
Any building used as hospital, convalescence

home, home for the aged, sanatorium, and
45 35
institutes of higher learning, conference rooms,
public library.
Residential buildings 50 35
Mixed residential (with some commercial and

55 45
entertainment)
Residential + industry or small-scale production

60 50
+ commerce
Industrial 70 60
Time frame: as duration
Day: 6. 00a.m - 10.00 p m
Night: 10.00 p.m. - 6.00 a.m.
The time frame takes into consideration human activity

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FRAMEWORK-4: Maximum permissible noise levels
(continuous or intermittent noise)
Leq dB (A) Duration (Daily) Duration (Weekly)
85 8 hours 40 hours
88 4 hours 20 hours
91 2 hours 10 hours
94 1 hour 5 hours
97 30 minutes 2.5 hours
103 7.5 minutes 37.5 minutes
Noise levels shall not exceed a Leq of: Factory/Workshops 85dB(A)

Offices 50 dB(A). Factory/Workshops 75dB(A)
Source: The National Environment (Noise Standards and Control)
Regulations, 2003.
National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations, 1999:

These regulations require waste disposal in a manner that would
avoid contamination of water, soil, air or negative public health

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effects. These regulations will govern onsite and offsite management
of any solid wastes associated with the project.
Employment Act, 2006: Employment Act, 2006 repealed the

Employment Act (Cap 219) enacted in 2000. This Act is the principal
legislation that seeks to harmonise relationships between employees
and employers, protect workers interests and welfare and safeguard
their occupational health and safety through: (i) prohibiting
discrimination and sexual harassment at workplaces; (ii) providing for
labour inspection by the relevant ministry (iii) stipulating rights and
duties in employment (weekly rest, working hours, annual leave,
maternity and paternity leaves, sick pay; (iv) continuity of employment
(continuous service, seasonal employment).
The Mining Act 2003: The mining act 2003 states that the holder of
a mineral right shall not exercise any of his or her rights under that
mineral right in respect of or on any land which is the site of, or which
is within two hundred meters, or such greater distance as may be
prescribed, of any inhabited, occupied or temporarily unoccupied
house or building, or any land MCL has compensated.
Explosives Act: Shall keep, store, or be in possession of any un-

authorized explosive in or on any premises other than an explosives
factory or explosives magazine, unless the explosive is kept in
quantities not exceeding one thousand pounds in weight and is stored
in an isolated place approved by an inspector and under conditions
prescribed in writing by an inspector. Chapter 309 Section 7 Sub –
Section 1(a) and 4(b) No person shall use or cause to be used blasting

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materials, unless he is in possession of a permit issued under the
authority.
4.3 Institutional Framework
National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA): The

National Environmental Act, Cap 153 establishes NEMA as a principal
agency responsible for coordination, monitoring and supervision of
environmental conservation activities. NEMA is under the Ministry of
Water and Environment (MoWE) but has a cross-sectorial mandate to
oversee the conduct of EIA’s through issuance of guidelines,
regulations and registration of practitioners. It reviews and approves
environmental impact statements in consultation with relevant lead
agencies. NEMA works with environment officers and local
environment committees at local government levels who also
undertake inspection, monitoring and enforce compliance on its
behalf. Subsequent to EIA approval, NEMA would monitor plant
construction and post construction operations, annual audit, inspect
environmental records at the facility as well as compliance to
regulatory requirements on solid waste, wastewater, noise and air
emissions.
Department of Geological Survey and Mines: The Department is

the lead government agency operating under the Ministry of Energy
and Mineral Development (MEMD), technically responsible for the
administration and management of the mineral sector. DGSM’s aim is
to promote and ensure rational and sustainable development and
utilization of mineral resources for socio-economic enhancement of
the people of Uganda.

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Among other functions, the Mines Division issues licenses for the
exploration and exploitation of the identified mineral occurrence. It is
also responsible for the administration of the Mining Act and
Regulations to ensure proper management of the mineral resources
and preservation of the environment through appropriate mining
methods.
Local administration structures: District administration includes

the Chairman Local Council Five (LCV) and Chief Administrative
Officer (CAO) at top (District) level and Local Council One at the
lowest (Village) level. Relevant departments at District level which are
to be involved in the proposed project include the Hoima District
Environment Office, the District Engineer the Urban Planning
Department and the Community Development Office. The District
Environment Officer is expected to participate in monitoring of the
Environmental Management Plan prepared by the consultants
following approval of the EIA. All environmental supervision and
monitoring will be a responsibility of the Hoima District
Environmental Officer.

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5 AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS
This section provides a brief description of the proposed project

area focusing on the relevant human environment/area of influence
and the existing socio-economic conditions including social trends,
livelihood profiles, social organization, area demography, social
services and labour requirements and availability. The methodology
for elaborating the area baseline information and descriptions
involved researching available secondary information on
geographical trends, climate, demographics, agriculture, livestock,
markets, livelihood, in addition to reviewing various reports on
Hoima district.
Information obtained from these secondary sources was organized

and collated with primary information obtained from the field and
stakeholders’ during consultative meetings where participants
provided relevant information and set out salient socio-economic
characteristics of the area, hence providing reliable basic
information that is presented in this section.
5.1 District overview
Hoima district lies in the western part of Uganda, the district is

bordered by Buliisa District to the north, Masindi District to the
northeast, Kyankwanzi District in the east, Kibaale District to the
south, Ntoroko District and Lake Albert to the west. The district
headquarters are located in Hoima 216 KM from Kampala, the
capital city of Uganda.

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5.2 Biophysical environment
5.2.1 Topography of the area
The area is a Cenozoic rift basin formed on the Precambrian

organic belts of the African Craton, where rifting was initiated
during the Early Miocene. The region has undergone substantial
tectonic movements and thick sediments have been deposited
especially in the Albertine graben in fluvial deltaic and lacustrine
environments. Some areas in the district are relatively flat with
high ridges, isolated rocky hills and undulating low lands. The hills
are linear and of a convex nature with slope angles between 2% to
8% separated by flat valleys. The district is part of a central plateau
with an altitudinal range of about 2000- 4000 ft. above sea level.
The lowest area of the district is occupied by L. Albert at 2040 ft.
above sea level while one of the highest points is Magoma hills
(5100 ft. above sea level) in Kasambya sub-county – Bugangaizi.
The hilly and rocky relief in the district presents challenges during
road maintenance and makes agricultural production difficult. The
Rift valley terrain in some areas and its associated features make
service delivery to the lake shore communities very difficult.
The physical landscape in rift valley region comprises of mainly

landscapes of the plateau which covers most of the western side of
the district, hosting Lake Albert. The plateau and the rift valley
landscapes are separated by a sharp vertical escapement which has
been the reason for a number of several waterfalls of the various

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rivers leaving the plateau to join Lake Albert, including; Wambabya,
Muzizi and Nkusi among others.
Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-2:
5.2.2 Geological set up
The project area is located in an area associated with rock

formation. The rock distribution follows the weathered detritus that
had accumulated prior to faulting removed by post rift valley
geological erosion (Hoima district environment profile 1997).
According to the 1:500,000 geological maps (department of
geological surveys and mines Entebbe), geology of the project area
is characterized by Precambrian basement complex rocks that
forms the western rift escarpment. The rocks of the project area, to
the east and west of the fault area, are denoted undifferentiated
gneisses with parts covered with rocks of shale type.
The project area is covered by Tonalite-Trondhemite-Granodiorite

gneisses of Neoarchean age with shale and slates of Bunyoro
series, a bit further to the north, Archean hornblende gneisses
appear. In river beds and at the shores of Lake Albert, alluvium,

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sand, silt and gravel, as well as lacustrine deposits are mapped.
The sediments are eroded and the granitic rocks and gneisses
appear on the fault. It seems, the granitic rocks have once been
forming a paleao-land surface, and as seen at the escarpment, the
land surface is of an undulating shape, but generally forming a
basin-like structure.
The sediments which are exposed at the site are sub-divided in two
sequences (lower, and upper sequence) mainly on the basis of their
different lithology, and sedimentary characteristics. Hence three
rock units are exposed, the basement granites, the lower
sedimentary sequence, and the upper sedimentary sequence. Very
young, un-consolidated rift-sediments and alluvium appear at the
shores of Lake Albert and in the Nkusi river bed.
Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-3: Exposed rocks at the

site and the neighbourhood
The rocks have not been deeply weathered and are outcropping or
sub-cropping. The Granite Gneiss, which is also more or less
massive with very little schistosity, is weathered to depths of not
more than one meter in most areas. At the site, rocks are physically
observable and exposed. It is believed that these rest on granite
type rock as the parent rock underneath. This however, is yet to be
confirmed by geologists currently undertaking the study.

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5.2.3 Soils types
The process of erosion and accumulation that acted upon the land
surfaces gave rise to several types of soils in the district. In
exception of the lowlands which are covered by alluvial and lake
deposits, the soils of the district are of ferrallitic type. Productivity
of these soils largely depends on favourable rainfall, adequate
depth and maintenance of the humic top soil. However, some clay
deep loams of Buyaga catena are sufficiently fertile to support a
diversity of crops. There are three major types of granitic soils
namely: shallow loams, Red clay loams and Brown gravelly clay
loams. Shallow loams have moderate acidity with moderate
productivity.
The soil types at the

site. The soils are
sandy loams, most
sections the rock
appears on the
surface.

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Most of the area is
covered with rocks
and soil exists
between rocks. This
can be seen from the
patches of vegetation
that grows in between
rocks.
Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-4: Soil types in the area
5.2.4 Drainage, hydrology and water resources
The drainage system in the project area is part of the bigger

drainage system of the district. The district is fairly well drained
with fast flowing rivers which descend the escarpments creating
falls and rapids along. These rivers include Nkusi, and Wamabya.
River Nkusi has a wider catchment found in Mubende and Mityana
and traverses through Kibaale and Hoima before it joins Lake
Albert. The district has an area of 2,166.7 sq. km covered by water.
It also has large swamp areas with permanent wetlands such as
Wambabya, Waaki, Nguse and Kiribanywa and seasonal wetlands.

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Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-5: Water source in the
project area
5.2.5 Seismology
The Western rift valley running along the western border of Uganda
is one of the World’s earthquake zones. The fault pattern in the Rift
is complex and faulting is still active causing sporadic earthquakes.
However, most earthquakes in Uganda originate from the Rwenzori
part of the rift and appear to be caused by movements in the main
Rwenzori bounding faults. The project area is located close to the
rift valley and therefore earth quakes are a common phenomenon
and therefore portend a possibility of seismic risk as result of
mining works.
However, extant literature indicates that there has been no adverse

seismological condition in the project area. Nonetheless, the area

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being a prone seismic zone, precautions in design stage should be
undertaken. From a very detailed seismic study recently done in
the Rwenzori region, a number of seismic movements occur in the
western parts of the country associated with active rift fault
movements. Most of them are very small micro-earthquakes of
magnitude 1-2 with a few going up to 5 in magnitude. The map of
Uganda below shows the statistics of the earth quake occurrences
in Uganda.

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Figure AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-1; Map showing
seismicity of Uganda and vicinity (red star) in period
2000 – 2010
5.2.6 Area climate
The rainfall levels generally lie between 1,400 mm and 1,500 mm of

mean annual rainfall. The mean air temperature is about 20ᵒ C - 25ᵒ
C, with little variation beyond or below these temperatures. The
climate within the project area is tropical with relatively reliable
rainfall that ranges between 1,000 Millimetres (39 in) and 1,500
millimetres (59 in), spread over two productive agricultural
seasons. The wet seasons between September to December and
March to May are intercepted by two dry periods. However, there
have been noticeable changes in rainfall especially in the western
part of the district bordering the rift valley, it is generally dry, and
temperatures are relatively high, varying between 15 oC and 30oC
with the hottest temperatures recorded in the rift valley zone. This
could be attributed to conditions associated with global warming
and an excessive deforestation in the area. The proposed project
site is located in the rain shadow that receives low to medium
annual rainfall ranging between 750 mm – 1000 mm but generally
the whole river catchment area receives rainfall.
Nonetheless, the project area like other parts of the district has
characteristics of the equatorial climate with two bimodal rainfall
patterns, one in March to May and the other in September to
November. There are two drier seasons (June to July and December
and January). The project area is the driest and hottest part of the

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district with average monthly temperatures varying between 27° C
and 31° C and minimum temperatures between 16° C and 18° C.
The average monthly humidity is between 60 percent and 80
percent.

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5.3 Biological environment
5.3.1 Flora and fauna
The site is found in the Albertine rift considered as one of the most
important sites in Africa for biodiversity conservation. Indeed, the
site and its environs belong to such and therefore an important
ecological zone with numerous floral and faunal species. The
biodiversity that currently thrives at the project site are those that
can tolerate habitat disturbance and those that can co-exist with
humans.
5.3.1.1 Flora
On the hill top, the vegetation is categorized as savannah grassland

with thickets and short trees, (tropical type) woodland; along the
river-beds is almost rocky with short trees similar to banks
especially along river Nkusi. The vegetation is composed of grasses
of the type Hyparrhenia ilipendula, and short trees in the rock
crevices.
The vegetation at the proposed sites is influenced by the rocky

environment and consists of non-progressive, degraded vegetation
with no primary forests or other valuable vegetation types. No
species of conservation concern in the sense of endemism, threat in
IUCN context or rarity were recorded. However, Combretum
collinum is subjected to felling for charcoal burning, hence worth

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flagging for conservation purposes as it may get its abundance
significantly reduced in the future.
Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-6: Dominant vegetation

types at the site
5.3.1.2 Species richness
A total of 36 different plant species from 19 families were recorded

as detailed in Appendix 5 of this report. Of these, 8 were trees, 7
were shrubs, 3 were climbers, 3 were sedges, 8 were grasses and 7
were herbs). The richness of native wild species was not high
because much of the area is covered by rocks. The most dominant
plant species recorded were Ficus natalensis (tree) Sesbania
sesban (shrub), Terminalia brownii (tree), Teclea nobilis (Muzo)
Hyparrhenia filipendula (Grasses) and Phragmites (reeds), Cassia
sp., Vernonia amygdalina, Erythrina abyssinica, Maesa lanceolata,
Albizia gummifera, Arundinaria alpine, and Makhamia lutea
(Musambya – Runyoro), Haplocoelum foliolosum, Milicia excelsa
and Combretum collinum. The trees in the project area are mainly
used for: firewood and construction of houses.
Most species were trees, followed by shrubs, herbs and reeds.

Climbers, both herbaceous and woody (vines) were least frequent.

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The woody species altogether contributed 66% by species richness
as compared to 34 % of the non-woody species.
5.3.1.3 Fauna
There are homesteads in the project area, such projects may

considerably disrupt the ecosystem especially fauna. During the
EIA study, baseline data on fauna was obtained, a total of 3 bird
species were recorded, these are mainly non-forest and grassland
birds. All these species are of little or no conservation concern. The
most abundant species was the White-Winged Tern Chlidonias
leucopterus. These species breed in Europe and they are usually in
Uganda when it is winter in Europe.
Figure AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-2: Weaver bird and the

African Fish Eagle spotted in the project area
Large and medium sized mammals were very scarce in the project
area and none was recorded during the assessment.

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5.4 Socio-economic environment
5.4.1 Population and demographic characteristics
According to the 2002 national census, the population of Hoima

was about 27,930. In 2010, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics
(UBOS), estimated the population of the town at 40,600. In 2011,
UBOS estimated the mid-year population of Hoima at 42,600. On
27 August 2014, the national population census put Hoima's
population at 100,625. The district is known to host refugees from
various parts of the region, including DRC, Rwanda, South Sudan,
Somalia, Burundi and Kenya. In 2016, refugees, who were
estimated at 43,000 accounted for seven percent of the district
population. As at May 2017, refugees totalled 45,000.
The refugees are hosted in Kyangwali refugee settlement located in

the South West of the district. Given its proximity to Eastern
Congo, more than 80 percent of the settlement’s population are
Congolese. The district promotes the government’s exemplary
refugee settlement model that allows refugees to interact freely
and set up investments, which provides an opportunity to harness
their potential to accelerate local economic development. Generally,
the refugees and host communities enjoy a cordial relationship,
which offers a favourable environment for doing business.

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5.4.2 Ethnicity, culture, religion and setting:
Though the district is mostly occupied by the native Banyoro, the

discovery of oil has attracted various ethnic groups especially the
Baganda, Banyankole, Bakiga and Lugbara. At the site and
immediate neighbourhood most of the people are indigenous
people. The main ethnic groups in the fishing villages are the
Bakiga, Banyoro, Batooro, Bamba Bagungu, Bakonjo among others
and these are all economic migrants from neighbouring districts
and DR. Congo engaged in fish business from different landing sites
along Lake Albert.
The project area has no cultural and special spiritual worshiping

sites observed by the EIA team. Most people in Kabaale Village are
Anglican, Catholics and Moslems. No worshiping of ancestral
spirits was reported therefore the project area is not used for any
such spiritual activities or healing festivals and as such there are
no anticipated adverse impacts of project on the cultural heritage
of the residents and community at large.
5.4.3 Housing and settlement:
The most common residential houses for most people in the area
are temporary in nature and are made of reeds, wood, mud and
some sand, then roofed with iron sheets, grass and tarpaulin.

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Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-7: Housing types in the
Camp
5.4.4 Land use and tenure system
Land use: the land selected for the project is privately owned, is
unencumbered and free for use without any limitations. Due to the
rocky nature of the project area, there are no any activities being
undertaken at the site. Pastoralists carry out cattle grazing in the
land.
Tenure system: The project area is located in an area with two

types of land tenure namely customary and freehold. Customary
land tenure is the most predominant land tenure system. By its
nature it constrains development and conservation of resources
because no single authority of the clan or village has more rights
over the land in particular than others. Customs in the project area
have failed to deal with problems of land use patterns like illegal

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tree cutting, charcoal making, swamp reclamation for sand and
settlements in buffer zones. The freehold tenure represents private
ownership of land where both ownership and possession rights are
clearly spelt out and can be transferred without restrictions.
Acquisition of land is channelled through the district land board in
order to avert encumbrances.
5.4.5 Economic activities in the area
Agriculture is the major economic activity in the district, engaging

about 63% of the working population. The commonly grown crops
and leading in volume are cassava, maize, sweet potatoes and rice.
The total production volume of major crops amounts to 157,498
metric tons, fishing is also a major economic activity, mostly on
Lake Albert. The recent discovery of petroleum in the district has
created new expectations, subsequently attracting people to
engage in the many farm and non-farm activities that tap into the
value chain. A large percentage of the refugees (90%) are engaged
in economic activities, agriculture being the main activity and
others in retail business and casual work to generate income. A
study by the Refugee Studies Centre (2013), University of Oxford
found evidence of robust trade activity, not only within the
settlement, but also with the wider local community.
Communities living around Lake Albert are engaged in fishing

activities and a few in retail business, rearing of birds and animals.
Other activities carried out include charcoal burning while a few
are doing small scale cultivation of maize and cassava. On the

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proposed site the land is not under any economic activity
majorly because the area is covered by rocks.
Firewood selling and charcoal Sorghum is one of the crops

burning grown
market days where people

sale their produce and
Maize and cassava are grown for
animals
sale
Plate AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-8: Some of the

economic activities in the area.
5.4.6 Roads and general transport facilities
Major roads in the district include: the Kampala–Hoima Road

connecting to the Central and Western regions; Hoima-Kaiso Tonya
Road, linking oil-area to the rest of the country. Others are
Kigumba-Masindi-Hoima-Kyenjojo Road, connecting most of the
Western region; Ikamiro-Kingfisher Road-providing access to the
lone oil field; Hoima-Wanseko road; and Masindi-Biiso road. Engine-

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thrust ships will be introduced to upgrade the transportation
services across Lake Albert between Uganda and DRC.
5.4.7 Mineral resources
The district is endowed with favourable geological conditions

associated with rich and diverse mineral resource base and
substantial economic potential. Some of the known mineral
resources have a mining history while others are yet to be
exploited. Some of the minerals in the district include: Gold salt,
Kaolin, sandstones, siltstones, shale, Ilmenite, Zircon, Monazite,
slate, Zona and Casserites. The district has a considerable amount
of oil deposits, estimated at between 2.5 billion to 3.5 billion
barrels in Lake Albert. An oil refinery, is planned in Buseruka Sub-
county approximately 40 kilometres from Hoima Municipality. Plans
to construct a pipeline to transport crude oil from the oilfields to
Tanga Tanzania are underway.
5.4.8 Water supply
The major source of water for domestic use at the site will be …….,
freshwater resources are in abundance in the district. Lakes and
rivers include Lake Albert, rivers Kafu, Nkusi, Waaki, Wambabya,
and Rutoba. Water for drinking water will be provided by bottled
mineral water that will be supplied to the site. There will be no
waste effluent from mine operations. In addition, water
analysis will be done annually to determine any changes in
water properties after project operation.

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5.5 Technical data
5.5.1 Noise baseline conditions:
Comparing measured noise levels with regulatory limits, it is

evident that maximum background noise on site prevalently does
not exceed the daytime regulatory limit of 70 dBA. The baseline
noise level in the area during day is 41, it’s anticipated that
vehicular movement and quarry operations will generate
compounded noise level above the baseline and may be beyond the
permissible noise limits. However, the immediate
neighbourhood is not habited.
Table AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-5: Environment

Baseline Noise Levels:
Point on Minimum Level Maximum level Noise

site (dBA) (dBA)
SN1 30.20 31.67 Within

limits
SN2 31.15 32.20 Within

limits
SN3 32.52 33.12 Within

limits

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SN4 32.00 32.70 Within
Limits
Table AREA BASELINE CONDITIONS-6: Maximum

permissible noise levels (continuous or intermittent
noise) from a factory
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
85 8 hours 40 hours
88 4 hours 20 hours
91 2 hours 10 hours
94 1 hour 5 hours

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Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

Noise levels shall not exceed a Leq of –
i) Factory/workshops 85 dB(A)
ii) Offices 50 dB(A)
iii) Factory/Workshop Compound 75dB(A)
Note; Decibels means a dimensionless unit used in comparison of

the magnitude of sound pressures or powers, DbA means the units
in decibels on the A scale for quiet sound.
Proposed mining project will follow the above table indicating

permissible exposure period for workers to prevent workers from
getting hearing impairment due to continued exposure to high
noise levels. In addition, the company should use only
efficient equipment at the site besides putting in place
measures to slow down the speed of vehicular movement and
raising awareness of the workers to limit noise emission.

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5.5.2 Air quality of the area
Mining activities at the site would generate air emissions,

specifically dust and fumes from operation of equipment and
haulage fleet. Baseline Air Quality values measured with an iTX
multi-gas meter at five locations on the proposed mining site are
presented in the tables below and do not indicate presence of
objectionable background air quality impairment.

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6 POTENTIAL PROJECT IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
This chapter presents the analysis and evaluation of impacts (direct

and indirect) associated with establishment of proposed project by
determining their magnitude on the existing biophysical and
human/socio-economic environment. Some of these impacts may be
avoided, prevented or mitigated by applying good practices during
establishment and operation stages of the project. In this analysis,
the impacts are categorized into positive impacts, environmental
concerns and social issues. In each category, construction and
operation impacts are discussed concurrently. However, much
emphasis was put on operation phase impacts since pre-
construction and construction phases have minimal impacts due to
the nature of the project.
6.1 Impact evaluation criteria
Impact evaluation is based on the following category (i) Extent-

Limited implies (<100m from site), local means (up to 5 km), while
wide implies the impacts has wide regional or global extent (ii)
Duration-Temporary means one year, short term two years), medium
term between two and five years while long term implies permanent
impact (iii) Magnitude classifies the impacts as negligible, minor,
moderate or major (iv) Likelihood of occurrence provides the
probability of impact arising as mostly or could happen, unlikely and
very unlikely to happen (v) Overall assessment of impact: Negligible,
minor, moderate, substantial or severe.

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To assess the significance of environmental and socio-economic
impacts of the proposed quarry, the consultancy team used defined
criteria for impact severity and significance of the planned project
activities on baseline environmental and socio-economic aspects in
the project area for the construction and operation phases. The
significance of the risks posed by potential environmental impacts has
been assessed using the severity criteria developed to determine the
scale of the impact and the likelihood of the event. The impact would
have a high (H), medium (M), or low (L) significance.

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6.2 Positive project impacts
6.2.1 Employment opportunities
Direct and indirect employment opportunities will be availed to a

number of people in the preparation and operational phases of the
project. The company is projected to employ approximately 50
workers throughout the project lifecycle. Majority of the workers will
come from the neighbouring communities. In addition, the project will
provide job opportunities for skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled labour in
the forward and backward linkages such as service providers and
suppliers. This will trigger enhanced household income of employees
and other secondary economic benefits as a result of increased
purchasing power. Thus, lead to improved livelihood, way of life, and
standards of living for a number of people. These are major positive
and long-term benefits which are only reversible when the project
decommissions.
6.2.2 Source of revenue
Local government regulating the quarry will realise increased

revenues in form of taxes levied on project operations and incomes.
Additionally, operating such a project will necessitate procurement of
equipment and installation of other support structures thus providing
income to the local suppliers and contractors. Earnings generated
from the consultancies, suppliers and service providers will provide
income which will be taxed and generate revenue for government. In
addition, fees levied for the submission of plans to the local

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authorities and state agencies for approval will also generate revenue
for various governmental goals and objectives.
6.2.3 Creation of market for goods and services and secondary

businesses
The business opportunities due to the project will exceed available

supplies and the expected benefits will go beyond immediate locality.
For example, establishment of the quarry will make use of various
construction materials and quarrying/crushing equipment and
machinery. The suppliers of these materials will benefit directly
through increased sales while various professionals will provide
several services ranging from the engineers to different consultants
thus earning an income. Project operation will also benefit individuals
doing commercial activities in the neighbourhood by widening their
market especially by the project workers.
Other secondary businesses will come as a result of the quarry

particularly food vendors to supply construction workers. Project
operation therefore will trigger several business opportunities for
local suppliers which will have incentive to increase their businesses.
This will stimulate economic growth in the area and beyond. This
investment will create further local jobs and improve conditions for
local businesses.
6.2.4 Skills development
The unskilled and the semi-skilled people employed at the quarry are
likely to acquire more skills, knowledge and experience especially in

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heavy machine operation and mining works hence upgrading their
skills. This would expose them to better techniques and work
methodologies. With acquired skills, the workers will have gained
experience and better placed for future employment opportunities to
work in the sector elsewhere. This is a long-term benefit on the part of
trained workers that cannot be reversed even when the project
decommissions.
6.2.5 Optimal land utilization
The land where the quarry is proposed is underutilized, the land is

vacant and not under any economic activity. Operation of the quarry
will yield products and income for the land owner. A trip of aggregate
will be paid 3 USD and over 40,000 tonnes will be obtained from the
project for different purposes. The projected amount of money is far
the amount likely to be obtained from the current economic activities
in the area; hence land productivity will be enhanced as a result of the
project operation.
6.3 Evaluation of positive impacts
The likelihood of these impacts occurring is high, most of the impacts

will last during the quarrying period (short term) while others will
have a residual effect in people’s lives influencing individuals
throughout their lifespan (long term). Most of the impacts will be local
while a few will take on a national and regional outlook especially
procurement of quarrying equipment. Most of the impacts are
significant and can further be enhanced through (i) Preferential
consideration of locals for job opportunities (ii) Emphasizing equal

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opportunities to both men and women for available jobs (iii) Sourcing
construction materials locally when available (iv) Purposeful training
on the job for the unskilled and semi-skilled workers (v) Giving
opportunity to community members to supply goods to the site when
required. Therefore, it’s anticipated that operation of a stone quarry
in this area will have profound positive and transforming impacts of
society. Hence project positive impacts are positive.
Enhancement measures
 Cooperate with stakeholders and the public as whole to ensure

the quarry operates in a sustainale manner;
 Ensure public demands are incorporated in the project planning,
design and implementation;
 Assess the opportunities associated to the project and integrate

in the project planning not to be taken by other unintended
users;
 Ensure fair and equitable share of chances among local
communities (particularly women);
 Integrate local development and establishment strategies with

infrastructures and facilities required by the quarry to strength
individual efforts;
 Integrate the project to the local development strategy of the

local administration;

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6.4 Environmental concerns
While there is an economic cost to limiting environmental impacts,

these costs are not significant in stone quarrying if proper planning
and consideration is applied from the exploration stage through to
mine closure. It can be noted that environmentally conscious
operation requires that mining activities be conducted with the
future in mind. This, not only minimizes the environmental effects
of the quarry, but results in significant cost savings.
Establishment of proposed quarry will undoubtedly trigger

environmental impacts. Some of these will be minimal and others
may induce adverse effects. For such impacts, strategies for
complete avoidance have been recommended but where this is not
possible, strategies aimed at reducing impact scale and magnitude
or offsetting occurrence have been suggested. These measures also
explore opportunities for improving the situation wherever possible
as discussed below;
6.4.1 Alteration of site scenery
Major changes in topography and land cover are the inevitable result
of all quarrying operations. Excavations and bench blasting will create
pits and expose cliffs, which will diminish the aesthetic beauty of the
surrounding area. Stone blasting results in boulders with irregular
faces that stand out within the natural environment. Therefore, the
project will constitute a major change in land use and may impact
negatively on local scenery hence cause visual shock.

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Impact evaluation
The distinct nature of quarrying activities means that significant

impacts will occur, and the likelihood of “visual shock” is high but
would be of low severity since the development conversion area is not
very big compared to vast expanse of greenery in the area.
Additionally, the visual shock will not be experienced by a few people
as there are scattered settlements. Duration is long term lasting for
the entire mining period, extent is localized and severity is low
because the area is not close to any densely populated area.
Mitigation measures:
 Ensure progressive restoration of the site through landscaping and

filling of exploited areas, and plant grass and/or trees in these
places upon closure or decommissioning of the site.
 Where possible, uppermost benches should be worked out and

rehabilitated as soon as possible.
 Operations must be conducted in discrete stages with all valuable

material fully extracted so that progressive rehabilitation can be
carried out;
 Plan for progressive rehabilitation while operations are ongoing;
 Planning of final rehabilitation of a pit should occur well before the

cessation of operations.

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6.4.2 Soil erosion
Pre-quarrying activities will involve removal of overburden (topsoil) to

expose rock benches where blasting occurs. This removal will result
in substantial erosion along the slopes and rock faces created by on-
site excavations. Dewatering of quarry pits following periods of heavy
rainfall will also add significantly to sediment mobilization and
transport into the neighbouring areas. Resultantly, this may lead to
land degradation as a result of reduced vegetation, and loss of top soil
due to erosion.
Impact evaluation
The likelihood of this impact occurring is high because prior to

blasting, the site will be cleared of vegetation and soil. The impact is
further compounded by the slope of the site (gently sloping), impact
duration is long term lasting the entire operational phase. Extent is
localized to project area and the immediate neighbourhood.
Magnitude is medium because all activities will submit to standard
operating procedures. Therefore, impact assessment is medium.
Possibility of significant erosion occurring can be addressed through
the following counter measures;
Mitigation measures
 Limit vegetation clearing and related activities to only target

areas,
 Ensure that no heaps of soil are left at the site and that all top
soil striped is stored safely for use in restoration of mined areas.

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 All loose soils and other materials that are not to be used should
be taken off site in accordance with National Environment
(Waste Management) regulations, 1999.
 Minimize disturbed areas to reduce erosion caused by storm

water run‐off;
All these measures will supplement a design strategy of selective

opening up of the rock in areas where quarrying will take place that
includes minimising the effects of erosion and sedimentation primarily
by reducing the rate of off-site sediment transport. The design will
include designing a surface drainage system to direct storm water
flows, contouring and minimising length and steepness of rock
benches.
6.4.3 Loss of habitat and plant species
The proposed project will lead to clearing of vegetation and striping

off overburden soil. This will lead to destruction of habitat resulting
into biodiversity loss, habitat changes and affect microorganisms in
soil. Habitats will also be damaged by unplanned storage of
aggregates and overburden stored for restoration. Other causes of
habitat destruction include; (i) noise emissions, (ii) influx of workers
(iii) soil contamination from chemical spillages and (iv) land
degradation due to inadequate rehabilitation after closure. Land
clearance will also lead to loss of trees and woody plants, these plants
take long to regenerate unlike shrubs.
Impact evaluation

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Impact likelihood is high considering the nature of the planned
activities. The impacts are significant, but localized to the disturbed
area, and the overall extent is medium. However, quarry related
habitat loss may be temporary when mitigation measures outlined
below are implemented.
Mitigation measures
 Store overburden and discarded rocks in already disturbed areas

to avoid more destruction of animal habitats.
 Adopt the practice of concurrent reclamation, whereby portions

of mined areas no longer in use are reclaimed while active
quarrying operations continue.
 Special habitat values or features (grown trees) should be

identified for replacement during reclamation.
 Conduct sensitization for all project workers about the need to

minimize environmental damage and conserve biodiversity.
6.4.4 Impacts on soil and water courses
The process of clearing land and removing of top soils before blasting
will result in bulk soil materials that need to be disposed of. Failure to
manage spoils (cart away) may result in sterilization of productive
land, erosion and water pollutions which is commonly observed in
other projects across the country. Furthermore, accumulation of the
cart away materials will create establishments that will alter drainage
patterns of the area and sediment transport and gully formation.

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 Do not dispose any material to the nearby stream.

 Schedule construction activities involving earthworks for dry
season to reduce soil erosion and sediment loading.
 To the maximum possible re-use excavated materials for

reclamaton purposes and land filling of gully sites (balance cut
and fill).
6.4.5 Environmental contamination from oil spills
It is expected that during project establishment and operation,

petroleum products stored or in vehicles are likely to accidentally
leak especially during loading and off-loading at the storage sites
and/or campsites as well as during machinery and vehicle
maintenance and repair. More spillage is expected from trucks and
machines during operation, this may spill in the soil leading to
environmental contamination. Storage of fuel and equipment on
site will further increase the risk of spills and leaks.
Impact evaluation
The likelihood of impact occurrence is high and duration is long

term, lasting for the entire project cycle since fuel is the only
source of energy in the project area. However, is likely to be;
localized and the magnitude likely to be minimal. Measures to
ensure safe management of these substances are suggested below;
Mitigation measures

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 Institute control measures, such as ventilation and
containment to reduce exposures of environment and people
to hazardous substances.
 Ensure worker hazard awareness and training to minimize

and reduce the risk of exposure to hazardous substances.
 Chemicals stored in containers should be labelled and

container integrity maintained in good condition and
secondary containment (bunds) provided around tanks and
at points of transfer.
 Drums used for oil storage should be placed on top of

wooden wrack structures during loading and offloading.
 Machinery and infrastructure should be maintained in good

condition to prevent leaks and spills, and appropriate spill
response equipment and procedures should be identified
prior to bringing chemicals on site.
 Use material data sheets to ensure proper handling and

storage of hazardous substances.
 Contain and bund areas where substances classified as

hazardous are stored, and label such areas to limit access.
 Ensure effective procedures for the storage and handling of

hydrocarbons at the quarry.

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 Put in place strict rules on limiting access to the quarry
areas, so that people who are not concerned are not allowed
to enter;
6.4.6 Water pollution
Potential sources of water quality impacts associated with

operation of proposed facility include: (i) construction run-off and
drainage; (ii) general construction activities; and (iii) poor
management of sewage effluent produced by on-site workforce.
During site preparation, soil surfaces will be exposed and an
elevated level of suspended particles would be present in the
surface run-off. Such could potentially impact the water streams in
the area with sediment load and polluted runoff if there are no
measures in place. Other sources of water pollution include;
release of fuel, oil and other lubricants from maintenance of
vehicles and equipment. The following measures have been
suggested for adoption by Indo ………;
Mitigation measures

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 Good site management measures should be observed to
ensure that rubbish, fuels and solvents do not enter nearby
stream waters.
 Storm water run-off should drain in one location,

constructed to store runoff water, this water should be
recycled for reuse within the quarry. The deposited sediment
should be dewatered and the dry matter disposed off-site.
 Provide suitable sanitary facilities on-site and maintain them

properly.
 Construct a septic tank or other means where sewage can be

stored and later transported for safe disposal. A licensed
contractor must be responsible for appropriate disposal and
maintenance of these facilities.
 Waste water analysis should be carried out in laboratory and

records retained. If unacceptable levels are found, an
investigation should be carried out to determine the cause,
remedial actions should be identified and implemented.
 Provide diversion channels around the site to intercept

storm-runoff from outside the site.
 Provide sand/silt removal facilities such as sand traps, silt

traps and sediment basins to remove sand/silt particles from
runoff.

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 Channels or earth bunds should be constructed to direct
surface runoff to sand/silt removal facilities.
 All fuel tanks and storage areas should be provided with

locks and be sited on sealed areas, within bunds.
 Conduct regular environmental inspections to check on the

environmental performance of the daily operations of the
quarry. These inspections should ensure proper installation
and maintenance of pollution control measures.
 Loose boulders packed in wired crates should be provided at

the toe of active dumps to check silt from escaping into
water sources.
 Peripheral bunds should be created on the outer edge of

finished benches before reclamation, so as to minimise any
surface run-off by storm water.
 Stockpiled, overburden or topsoil materials should be

protected with silt arrestors such as garlands and
vegetation, to control erosion and improve aesthetic value.
 A water gradient should be kept at every bench, towards the

inside, to prevent formation of gullies in the bench slopes;
these gullies can cause serious erosion.

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 Stockpiles, overburden and topsoil should be selectively
placed in stable areas which are less prone to erosion. This
would, in turn, reduce the silt load.
6.4.7 Generation of solid waste
The quarry will over the course of its life span generate large amounts
of top soil-overburden and rock waste. These include hazardous
waste, such as oil-contaminated soil, heavy metals and minerals that
could result in acidic runoff. In addition, the presence of workers at
the site will lead to generation of sanitary wastes, office wastes and
other degradable and non-degradable wastes. The absence of disposal
facilities for hazardous waste in the vicinity of the site increases the
likelihood of illegal dumping into the environment. The accumulation
of solid waste may also increase the severity of erosion as rock
fragments add to the abrasive power of surface runoff. In addition,
toxic compounds in contaminated soil (e.g., from equipment yards)
may find their way into water sources, cause nuisance and diseases to
especially the workers.
Impact evaluation
The presence of offices, accommodation units and stores at the quarry

will lead to generation of sanitary waste, office wastes and other
degradable wastes. The area lacks facilities to manage the generated
wastes. However, the number of people at the quarry will be limited to
twenty people and thus will not generate large amounts of wastes.
This impact is therefore evaluated as medium before mitigation.

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 The developer should utilize enclosures and containment

structures to minimize the release of potentailly hazardous
compounds from stored solid waste.
 Used oils from excavators and other vehicles will be stored in
good quality tanks in a containment band and transported
back to the suppliers who can recycle it.
 Top soil and overburden and low quality materials should be

removed, stockpiled near the site, and preserved for
rehabilitation.
 The developer should, where possible, make surplus top soil,

overburden and rock waste available for nearby road
rehabilitation projects.
 The developer shall develop a waste management plan

specifying measures to be implemented in management of
hazardous and non-hazardous waste, including the
identification of permitted sites for the disposal of hazardous
waste.
 Advice from the Environmental Officer, Hoima District should

be obtained regarding a suitable location for final disposal of
wastes.
 Biodegradables will be composted and used as mulch for

lawns and hedgerows.

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 Construct appropriate sanitary facilities to be used by the
people at the site and these should be kept clean at all times.
 Construct standard septic tanks to handle all the generated

sewage and sullage, and hire a licensed cesspoll emptier in
case there is need to empty it.

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6.5 Social concerns
6.5.1 Dust emission and air pollution
Dust is one of the most visible, invasive, and potentially irritating

impacts associated with quarrying; its visibility often raises concerns
that are not directly proportional to its impact on human health and
the environment. Dust may occur as fugitive dust from excavation,
blasting, hauling or from point sources, such as crushing and
screening. Site conditions that affect the impact of dust generated
during quarrying include rock properties, moisture, ambient air
quality, air currents and prevailing winds, the size of the operation,
proximity to population centres, and other nearby sources of dust.
Continual exposure to suspended dust may result in negative health

impacts on especially quarry workers since the site is not habited.
Health impacts of quarries include silicosis, resulting from prolonged
exposure to particulate silica dust. Free crystalline silica is the most
abundant compound in the earth’s crust and consequently, is the most
common airborne dust that workers are likely to face. Respirable
particles are formed whenever silica-bearing rock is blasted. Secondly,
crushing operation can trigger dust emission that settles on crops
beyond the project area. This can have a negative effect on crop yield
as dust particles can settle in crop stomata hence blocking
photosynthesis and other crop growth mechanism. Lastly,
accumulation of dust may also diminish the visual/aesthetic beauty of
an area. Vehicular movements within the site will add marginally to
the NOx and CO concentration.

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Impact evaluation
The likelihood of this impact occurring is high because the activities

at the quarry are likely to induce dust. Impact extent is localized
affecting workers at the site. Duration is long term; impact magnitude
is high considering the associated health impacts severity is
moderate. Below are some of mitigation measures suggested to limit
impacts associated with exposure to dust by the workers and the
general public.
Mitigation measures
 Dust emissions will be managed through minimising disturbed

areas, undertaking continuous rehabilitation, limiting road haul
distances and traffic and sprinkle water on dusty roads.
 The company should also consider technology innovation by
implementing new technologies to reduce dust, like using aerial
seeding to bind soil on overburden stockpiles, tree planting around
the project area to absorb the dust emissions produced throughout
the project activities,.
 Use modern equipment with inbuilt dust control units which use
water to control and minimize dust to the recommended levels.
 All persons employed in dust prone areas will be provided with

nasal masks to prevent dust inhalation.
 Adopt wet-processing techniques including, but not limited to, the

use of a sprinkler system at the crusher and conveyor to bind dust
particles generated during crushing, screening and stockpiling.

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 Restrict project vehicles to a traveling speed of 40km/hr to
reduce dust generation along haulage roads.
 Install speed bumps and signs to regulate speed and grade,

compact and maintain access roads.
 Provide dust masks to workers deployed at the crushing,

screening, stockpiling and loading areas. The masks should have
the capacity to filter particles smaller than 10 microns in
diameter for effective respiratory protection. Worker safety may
also include regular health screening.
6.5.2 Noise emission
Most quarry operations are noise emitting which many including

workers and adjacent communities. Noise is expected from blasting,
use of machines, fans, crushing and transportation of material off the
site. Noise generators include point sources such as crushing
machinery and mobile/semi-mobile sources including hydraulic
excavators, dozers and dump trucks. Stone crushing, screening and
transportation will also generate continuous or intermittent noise.
Although less significant in comparison to blasting, emissions from
crushing and haulage operations still represent a substantial increase
in noise given the site’s tranquil setting.
Impact evaluation
Uganda laws require fence line noise levels to comply with regulatory
limits set in the National Environment (Noise Standards and Control)

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Regulations, 2003. This regulation sets a limit of 70 dBA and 60 dBA
for daytime and night time respectively in an industrial area, and it’s
likely that most quarry activities will emit noise above these limits.
The impact is projected to be high lasting the entire lifecycle of the
project
 Limit the activity to day time only and also provide PPE such as
ear plugs to workers at the site.
 Use less noise machinery for crushing which should be exposed
to periodic checks and repair to prevent noise emissions from
spoilt machinery.
 Use modern equipment with better muffles that do not emit high
noise levels likely to affect workers.
 Insulate or line shafts with sound-absorbing materials to reduce

noise levels emitted by quarry machinery.
 Provision of hearing protectors to workers and limit their

exposure time to areas with high noise levels by maintaining an
alternate shifts.
 Adopt international noise reduction methodologies adopted for

quarrying,
6.5.3 Vibration and tremor impacts
Vibration and tremors during quarry emanate from low frequency

waves caused by noise machines and activities. Similar to most sound
noise the solid substances like the rock and human body are perfect
transmitter of these waves. The vibrations will be triggered by tools,

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plant and machinery. Much of the equipment to be used creates
vibrations in order to achieve their role. Given the rock nature of the
area, vibrations will be transmitted long distance through the ground.
This can cause upsetting effects on the public and private
infrastructure such as cracks in community access roads, protected
springs, houses or rapture rock surfaces beyond the project area used
by community for other purposes.
Secondly, quarry activities will induce human vibration in the

workplace which could be categorized in two ways: (i) whole-body
vibration (WBV) where the transmission is from the item via the feet
or the buttock into the body and (ii) hand-arm vibration (HAV) where
the transmission is from the tool via the hand, into the arm and then
the body.
Like other workplace exposures, as the level of vibration transmission

to the operator increases so is annoyance, disturbance, and fatigue
and at higher exposures there is a risk of injury. Similar to noise in the
workplace, there is both the effect of continuous vibration and of
sudden impulsive shock; often referred to in mobile plant as ‘jolts and
jars. The risk factors at the quarry that may contribute to WBV
include: (i) poor design of controls, making it difficult for the driver to
operate the machine or vehicle easily or to see properly without
twisting or stretching, (ii) incorrect adjustment of the seat position
and hand and foot controls leading to continuous twist, bend, lean and
stretch to operate the machine, sitting for long periods without being
able to change position, (iii) poor driver posture, (iv) repeated manual
handling and lifting of loads by the driver, (v) excessive exposure to

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whole-body vibration, particularly to shocks and jolts, and (vi)
repeatedly climbing into or jumping down from a high cab or one that
is difficult to access.
Impact evaluation
The likelihood of these impacts occurring is high as is their

significance. This is due in part to the nature of projected activities at
the quarry and considering that fact the rock-solid material substance
and human bodies are perfect vibration transmitters.
Mitigation Measures
 Have in place well designed vibration and properly adjusted

seats in the cutters, loaders and other equipment which
produces transmission to the driver.
 Reduce the source of vibration either by changing the operation
of the tool or incorporating vibration damping in the design of
the tool in use.
 Change the operation of the tool by reducing the time used and
introduce a rig to provide support, this can reduce the
transmission into the hand-arm.
 Limit workers exposure time by alternating operators.
 Other means for minimizing HAV exposure include keeping the

hands warm to limit the vascular damage and minimizing grip
force while maintaining control of the tool. Machine operators
can be provided with gloves that can keep them warm while
minimizing grip force.

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 Compensate for the damage to public and private property
caused by vibrations
6.5.4 Influx of people
It is expected that during project establishment and operation, a

number of people in the project area is likely to increase resulting
into a temporary rise in the population. The increase will be a
result of influx of people looking for work and market opportunities.
This increase in population will come along with associated
negative issues such as conflicts, abuse of women and children,
struggle for the limited resources and escalation of diseases such
STD (HIV/AIDS), insecurity, and increase in the price of
commodities.
The influx of people will be short term but the impacts associated
may be long term and extending beyond the project boundary.
However, the impacts associated with this influx is low with a low
extent. Impact severity is also low considering the number of
people that will be employed at the mine.
Mitigation measures
 The developer should prepare a workers recruitment plan

that prioritizes local people for jobs;
 The company should work closely with local authorities to

put in place a code of conduct for all project workers;

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 The project should support improvement of local
infrastructure e.g. sanitary facilities, health facilities, and
water facilities among others.
 The developer should carry out awareness campaigns

highlighting dangers of drug abuse and associated effects.
 Management should prohibit use of drugs and consumption

of alcohol by terminating contracts for workers who violate
such rules.
 Introduce the project and proposed activities to LC1

leadership of the area.
6.5.5 Increased STIs including HIV/AIDS
The project will lead to an influx of non-locals who will have an

influence on the lifestyles of the people living in the project area.
The most common impact on lifestyles may be sexual and other
forms of behaviour. Sexual laxity/prostitution and alcoholism are
the most aggravating and are associated with migrant workers
living alone, away from their families. This expose both workers
and local people to risky situations that may lead to an increased
incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, including; HIV/AIDS.
The spread of HIV/AIDS has adverse consequences and is long term
in nature (effects are irreversible) and can go beyond the project
boundary.
HIV/AIDS mitigation

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 The company should prepare and adopt a strong policy on
sexual harassment and abuse of alcohol and drugs.
 Carry out sensitization forums for workers on ethics, morals,

and general good behaviour.
 Provide condoms where many workers are brought to the

site for a long period of time.
 Carry out sensitization and awareness among workers

regarding communicable diseases especially HIV/AIDS.
 Hire local people for all casual jobs and where skills are
available in the community such should not be overlooked.
 Put in place a code of conduct for workers to regulate

unbecoming social behaviour.
 Adopt the Government of Uganda HIV policy including ABC

approach - encourage workers to go for HIV counselling and
testing and those found to positive should be provided with
first line treatment.
 Project management should consider setting up its own

clinic within the site to cater for the workers since the site is
located in a remote area away from existing social services.
6.5.6 Pressure on social amenities and services
Although there will be few people working on the project, the

project may act as a bait where the influx of people to the project
area may increase, hence exerting pressure on the available social
amenities such as health, water, sanitation, transport and

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education. This may lead to breakdown and poor service delivery
that may culminate into social upheavals, disease outbreak and
poor service delivery. Haulage of crushed stones from the site
might cause damage to public roads. There is also the challenge of
dangerous post mined areas if mining depths and breadths are big
and if no reclamation is done, can pose danger to the public and
animals.
Destruction of the already weak infrastructure by the project can

cause tension related to impact of the destroyed basic services.
This impact is severe if allowed to occur and can have long term
effects since it’s beyond the company’s ability to restore the
destroyed public infrastructure. This can cause conflict between
the company and the community.
However, the project is located in a remote area with limited

settlements, there are no any activities being carried out in the
immediate neighbourhood. There are no public services in the area
save for the earthen road and the area is not yet connected to any
grid. Additionally, the access road to be used is designed for heavy
trucks (Hoima road). Besides, some aspects of material haulage are
positive (jobs, revenue to traders etc,). In either case, the effects
are long-term lasting throughout operation life of the quarry. The
likelihood of negative haulage impacts is high, duration long-term
and their extent local. Impact severity is thus considered medium.
From the foregoing, significance of the impact is assessed to be
moderate.

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Mitigation measures
 The company should assist in local road improvement

initiatives through its participation in the area social
activities.
 Haulage fleet should be designed in accordance with the
existing road bearing capacity so as not impose unbearable
tensile and stress on the road infrastructure.
6.5.7 Traffic risks
Increased traffic poses risk of public accidents potentially leading

to complaints. Cyclists and pedestrians currently constitute the
biggest percentage of road users in the project area and as a result
of the quarry, increase in traffic is expected which will increase the
risk of motor accidents making road users vulnerable. The
following mitigation measures have been suggested for
implementation by the company.
 Put in place emergency response plan and procedures to

handle accident cases.
 Train drivers to appreciate the likely social behaviour of

rural inhabitants towards vehicles.
 Install sign posts guiding and warning drivers on speed.
 Haulage fleet should be designed in accordance with the

existing road bearing capacity so as not to impose
unbearable tensile and stress on the road infrastructure.

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 Install road signposts underpinning diversion from the main
road to the project site for heavy vehicles and other traffic to
and fro the quarry to avoid occurrence of accidents.
 Adopt a clear vehicle maintenance schedule to ensure proper

functioning of all trucks and vehicles to eliminate noxious
fumes and gaseous emission associated with malfunction of
motor vehicles.
6.5.8 Public safety hazards
One of the most prevalent and well-known hazards of quarry operations is the movement of rock
fragments known as fly rock or flying stones. The displacement caused by a pressure wave
generated during blasting will throw rocks and debris into the surrounding area. The severity and
extent of impacts associated with fly rock will be determined mainly by the frequency of blasting
activities, the type of explosives used, the method of blasting; and the adequacy of early warning
systems. Frequent blasting will inevitably increase the risk of injury and property damage, while
the type of explosives used will determine the velocity of detonation and range of the debris
field. Although often influenced by site geology (physical properties of the rock such as density,
hardness, structure, tensile and compressive strength), the type of explosive chosen must also
take into consideration safety issues. Ammonium-nitrate based explosives such as ANFO are
widely considered a safer, more economical choice among quarry operators.
Blasting methods, particularly pre-blast drilling, are equally important in ensuring safety of the
blast. Stemming the top part of the drill hole ensures that the energy of the explosives is utilized,
which also reduces and controls the fly rock ejected from the blast (2). Early warning systems
are critical in ensuring that residents and workers have ample time to find shelter prior to
blasting.

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Impact evaluation
Consequences will often range from minor property damage to incapacitating or fatal injury.
Given the presence of households in the area severity of the impact in case of occurrence would
be high hence a moderate impact significance before mitigation. Compliance to other regulations
such as Explosive Act, Public Health Act and occupational Safety and Health Act, will be crucial
in ensuring that the workers and general public is safeguarded from potential hazards. However,
the site is not habited nor are there homesteads located in a range of 500 meters from the quarry
site. Regardless, below are some of suggested mitigation measures to be implemented by the
proponent to safeguard the public;
 All personnel not involved in actual detonation shall stand back at least 350 metres from
the time the blast signal is given until the blast sequence is completed
 The developer will make use of low-velocity explosives, ensuring proper application with
the help of qualified and licensed personnel. All loading and firing of explosives shall be
supervised by a competent and licensed Blaster.
 Drill holes will be stemmed using dry sand or gravel to reduce and control fly rock
ejected from the blast.
 An early warning system, preferably a siren sounded at least 30 minutes before blasting,
shall be used to alert residents and workers of an impending blast.
 Flaggers (security personnel or local authorities) will be stationed on all roadways

passing within 350 metres of the blast area to stop traffic during blasting operations.
 Blasting activities will be limited to a specific time (during daylight hours) and day of the
week; the details of which will be established following consultations with the local
community.

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 The developer shall provide quarry personnel with head protection (hard hats) to protect
against falling rocks and debris.
 Victims of injury or damage to property shall be promptly and adequately compensated at

rates commensurate to the relevant laws, regulations and guidelines governing
compensation in Uganda.
 The developer should also carry out regular post-blast surveys to assess any damage or
injury resulting from the blasts, and identify areas for improvement.
 All fly rock deposited outside the blast area shall be collected and disposed of at sites
approved by the Environment Officer, Hoima District.
 Enforce restrictions on unnecessary entry into the project site;
 Put in place emergency preparedness and response plans to

handle accidents considering the remoteness of the location.
 Sensitize communities about dangers associated with

unauthorised access to the project site.
 Enclose the site with a fence and gate to control access to the
site.
6.5.9 Impacts on public infrastructure and services
The project is located in a sparsely populated area, and there are no

activities within the immediate neighbourhood. Haulage of
construction material to the site might cause damage to public
feeder/murram roads that are not engineered for high bearing loads
and long-term traffic flow change.

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Impact evaluation
Destruction of the infrastructure by the project development can

cause tension between the project and the community. This impact is
severe if allowed to occur and can have long term effect since it’s
beyond the ability of the developer to restore the destroyed public
infrastructure. The Likelihood of negative haulage impacts is medium
during construction and low for operation. This impact is therefore
evaluated as low before mitigation.
Mitigation measures
The developer will still assist in local road improvement initiatives

through its participation in the area management activities.
Additionally, the project will majorly use Hoima road which is
engineered for such trucks.
6.5.10 Displacement of arable land/land take
Excavation activities at the site will involve topographical and land-

cover changes to allow extraction activities, including clearing of pre-
existing vegetation. In addition, blasting activities are associated with
public health and safety hazards; these may arise as a result of flying
stones, blast noise and vibration. Flying stones can damage
plantations hence causing significant losses to the farmers.
Impact evaluation

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The loss of arable land will have economic implications on the affected
crop farmers who rely on agriculture both as a source of subsistence
and monetary income. As such the provision of fair compensation for
the loss of agricultural crops should be done by the developer in order
to mitigate the adverse impacts on livelihoods. However, there are no
residents at the proposed site neither in the immediate
neighbourhood. The developer owns ……….. acres of land and intends
to use fifty acres for quarrying project. The magnitude of the impact is
therefore evaluated as low.

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6.6 Occupational health and safety impacts
During establishment and operation of the quarry, many workers

will be exposed to a number of OHS risks if not protected. Possible
risks include injuries from earth moving equipment, loading of
materials or equipment, movement on rocky surfaces, and injury to
the body from dust and noise. There is also a possibility of injuries
from flying stones and fire risk outbreak. Some of expected impacts
and proposed mitigation measures are discussed below;
6.6.1 Physical hazards
Use of machinery such as cranes, tippers, transportation trucks and

the allied vehicles can present risk and potential threat to human
life. Injuries from this type of machinery often leads to loss of limbs
and death. Accidents often happen when machines are
inadvertently switched on during maintenance and cleaning.
These physical impacts are negative and some effects such as

injuries and death are irreversible. Commonly the injured person is
the household’s main income earner, hence when allowed to occur
will affect more than just the injured persons but their immediate
and extended families. The likelihood of the impact is high
considering that most activities will be done by equipment,
duration is long term and permanent in most cases. Therefore, the
severity of the impact is deemed high. Sources of physical injuries
at the mine will include;

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Rock fall; rock fall along with cut-outs in the quarry can lead to
death and injury of both workers and loss of machinery. Rock faces
when highly exposed can easily collapse, with the site being on a
gently sloping area, occurrence of this impact is high.
Machinery or man fall from bench crest; proposed site is on a

gently sloping elevation; height differences will be created due to
blasting and quarrying activities. Machinery or man fall from bench
crests is likely to occur and if it happened, can lead to injuries,
permanent disability or even death.
Electric shock; cables can rupture due to old age or due to poor
laying and ground earthing, this can lead to electrocution of
workers at the mine. Electric shock can sometimes lead to death.
Mitigation measures
All workers at the quarry should be trained in avoiding injury to

their bodies and in safe use of machinery and equipment. In
addition, administrative and education measures should be adopted
at the facility including;
 Put in place emergency response plan and procedures for

handling hazards since the area is located in a remote area.
 Have in place ready means for quick transportation of
accident victims or any emergency situation, this should be
considered since the site is very remote.
 Have a fully stocked First Aid box at the site for
management of injuries and accidents.

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 The company should consider having a trained nurse at the
site with all the necessary medical supplies to handle
accidents, injuries and ailments since the site is located in a
remote area.
 Restrict access to materials and areas gazzetted as un-
authorized.
 Train workers in safe working procedures, including
avoidance of danger zone areas.
 Provide workers with protective steel capped boots,
hardhats, high visibility jackets, eye protection and gloves.
 Make sure that all machines are in good mechanical
conditions and the company should develop a Health and
Safety Policy.
 Undertake regular inspections of the crusher and train
machine operators to properly operate the equipment to
reduce the possibility of accidents.
 During blasting, observe blasting related safety tips like
safety distance and the use of shelters to reduce incident
damages.
 Implement machine’ expertness, safety instruction
observation and suitable management aimed at reducing
probability and occurrence of injuries and damages.
 Regularly inspect power cables and timely replace worn out
ones to reduce the probability of electric shock. Additionally
observance of electricity related safety tips can reduce
impacts associated with electrocution.
6.6.2 Exposure to noise
Most operations in mining emit noise in excess of permissible

levels. This could in many cases expose workers to destructive

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occupational noise that can impair their hearing abilities. In many
cases even relatively short-term exposure will lead to permanent
loss of hearing acuity. Workers operating in the quarry are the
primary impact receptors and need protection. Noise generators
include point sources such as crushing machinery and mobile/semi-
mobile sources including hydraulic excavators, dozers and dump
trucks. Stone crushing, screening and transportation will also
generate continuous or intermittent noise. Although less significant
in comparison to blasting, emissions from crushing and haulage
operations still represent a substantial increase in noise given the
site’s tranquil setting.
Uganda laws require provision of hearing protection for workers

exposed to 80 dBA for a duration exceeding 8 hours, which is the
normal day’s work shift. Fence line noise levels should comply with
regulatory limits set in the National Environment (Noise Standards
and Control) Regulations, 2003. This regulation sets a limit of 70
dBA and 60 dBA for daytime and night time respectively in an
industrial area, and it’s likely that most quarry activities will emit
noise above these limits. Below are some measures suggested for
implementation.
 Purchase and use modern equipment with better muffles

that do not emit high noise levels likely to affect workers.
 Insulate or line shafts with sound-absorbing materials to
reduce noise levels emitted by quarry machinery.

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 Hearing protectors should be given to workers to preserve
their hearing, and limit exposure time by workers to areas
with high noise levels by alternate shifts.
 Adopt international noise reduction methodologies adopted
for mining sector,
 Provide and enforce usage of hearing protection equipment
to reduce impacts associated with exposure to noise levels
above 85 dB (A).
6.6.3 Exposure to dust emission
Blasting, crushing, screening and transportation activities will all

generate dust, continual exposure to suspended dust may result in
negative health impacts on especially quarry workers since the site
is not habited. Health impacts of quarries include silicosis,
resulting from prolonged exposure to particulate silica dust. Free
crystalline silica is the most abundant compound in the earth’s
crust and consequently, is the most common airborne dust that
workers are likely to face. Respirable particles are formed
whenever silica-bearing rock is drilled, the amount of silica varies
from rock to rock.
The likelihood of this impact occurring is high because the

activities at the quarry are likely to induce dust. Impact extent is
localized affecting workers at the site and refuges along the access
road. Duration is long term; impact magnitude is high considering
the associated health impacts severity is moderate. Below are some
of mitigation measures suggested to limit impacts associated with
exposure to dust by the workers and the general public.

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Mitigation measures
 Exposure of workers to dust should be prevented and

controlled through adoption and maintenance of effective dust
containment measures supplemented by the use of Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE) such as use of masks and
respirators, at all times.
 The company should adopt use of a water mist that is injected

into the blow air which helps the dust particles to coalesce
and drop out during offloading.
 Use of dust control on the drills should be adopted, this is a

type of exhaust ventilation with reverse air-flow. The process
works through the drill steel where all the dust in the drill is
withdrawn and stored around the drill bit with ductwork and a
fan.
 Purchase and enforce usage of appropriate respirators these

should be correctly fitted and prolonged exposure to fine dust
should be limited by having work shifts.
6.6.4 Exposure to vibration
Vibration in mining is created by operation of tools, plant and

machinery. Much of the equipment to be used create vibrations in
order to achieve their role. Human vibration in the workplace is
categorized in two ways: (i) whole-body vibration (WBV) where the
transmission is from the item via the feet or the buttock into the

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body and (ii) hand-arm vibration (HAV) where the transmission is
from the tool via the hand, into the arm and then the body.
Like other workplace exposures, as the level of vibration

transmission to the operator increases so is annoyance,
disturbance, and fatigue and at higher exposures there is a risk of
injury. Similar to noise in the workplace, there is both the effect of
continuous vibration and of sudden impulsive shock; often referred
to in mobile plant as ‘jolts and jars.
The risk factors at the quarry that may contribute to WBV include:
(i) poor design of controls, making it difficult for the driver to
operate the machine or vehicle easily or to see properly without
twisting or stretching, (ii) incorrect adjustment of the seat position
and hand and foot controls leading to continuous twist, bend, lean
and stretch to operate the machine, sitting for long periods without
being able to change position, (iii) poor driver posture, (iv)
repeated manual handling and lifting of loads by the driver, (v)
excessive exposure to whole-body vibration, particularly to shocks
and jolts, and (vi) repeatedly climbing into or jumping down from a
high cab or one that is difficult to access.
Mitigation measures
 Have in place well designed and properly adjusted seats in

the cranes, loaders and other equipment which produces
vibration transmission to the driver.

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 Reduce the source of vibration either by changing the
operation of the tool or incorporating vibration damping in
the design of the tool in use.
 Change the operation of the tool by reducing the time used

and introduce a rig to provide support, this can reduce the
transmission into the hand-arm.
 Limit workers exposure time by alternating operators.
 Other means for minimizing HAV exposure include keeping

the hands warm to limit the vascular damage and minimizing
grip force while maintaining control of the tool. Machine
operators can be provided with gloves that can keep them
warm while minimizing grip force.
6.6.5 Fire explosion risks
Quarry operations involve the use of hazardous materials including

but not limited to light explosives, diesel oil and lubricants for
vehicles and equipment. These substances despite being hazardous
are highly flammable and in case of a fire accident can increase the
risk of fire incidence thus leading to destruction of property and/or
loss of lives. This impact is major because it can lead to loss of life
and property if not handled with care. Mitigation of mine fires and
emergency response include;
Mitigation measures
 Put in place emergency plans and procedures for handling

fire cases.

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 Ensure carefulness in handling and storage of flammable
substances,
 Procure and install adequate firefighting equipment and

ensure they are routinely serviced to ensure their efficiency
and functionality at all times.
 Undertake regular housekeeping to ensure that potential

sources of fire are identified and remediation implemented.
 Train workers regularly in fire prevention and containment

procedures and install fire extinguishers in strategic locations
at the quarry.
 Ensure all fire hazards are mapped out on the quarry and all
workers are informed of potential fire hazards.
 Put in place water storages tanks and fill them with water all
the time for use in fire containment in case of a fire outbreak.
 In addition, facility management should;
 Limit ignition sources, this is perhaps the most basic way

of preventing a fire or explosion.
 Areas with high combustible materials, such as timber

storage areas, flammable and combustible liquid storage
areas, should be designed to minimize possible ignition
sources.

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 Mobile equipment should have hydraulic fluid, fuel and
lubricant lines re-routed away from hot surfaces,
electrical equipment and other possible ignition sources.
 Spray shields should be installed to deflect sprays of

combustible liquid from broken fluid lines away from
potential ignition sources.
 Electrical equipment operating where methane, sulphide

dust or other fire hazards may be present should be
designed, constructed, tested and installed so that its
operation will not cause fire or explosion.
 Ignition sources that are not essential to the mining

process should be banned altogether.
6.6.6 Emergency response plan
This emergency response plan is designed to assist all partners

involved in project implementation such as project management,
contractors, employees, local communities and outside responding
agencies or stakeholders through emergency response actions at
various locations of project activities. This plan is not “all inclusive”
of the actions which occur in all emergencies, but once adopted in
conjunction with emergency response training and rational
decisions, it will lessen the effects of emergencies on human
life/social, environmental and project property. Close cooperation
with district and lead agencies should be established and
maintained. The emergency response plan should be compatible
with their plans, actions, reporting, notifications and other
requirements. The following is a list of the types of emergencies

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that are anticipated to occur during the implementation of the
project.
 Automobile equipment accident;
 Fuel tank explosion;
 Death of a company worker (depending on circumstances);
 Fire;
 Health epidemics;
 Machinery accidents; and
 Casualties;
 Rapture or leak of equipment;
 Any other strange/unusual occurrences.
Responsibility
Responding to emergency during project operation will be a shared

responsibility between the different stakeholders as indicated in the
table below but the major responsibility solely lies with the
proprietor.
Table POTENTIAL PROJECT IMPACTS & MITIGATION

MEASURES -7: Roles and Responsibilities during
emergency

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Entities Areas of responsibilities
Indo ….. Limited and Project Fire, oil/chemical spill and

Contractors leakages, accidents and ill health,
and death of an employee,
Department of Disaster Civil disturbance, natural

Preparedness, Office of the disasters, major weather
Prime Minister emergencies, health epidemics,
floods, among others.
Hoima District Local Fire, oil/chemical spill and

Government & Proprietor leakages.
Uganda Red Cross Civil disturbance, natural

disasters, major weather
emergency, health epidemics.
Uganda Police Mass casualties, suicide, rape,

hostage, shooting and stabbing.
General emergency plan
 Find the nearest alarm and activate it;
 In case there is access to a phone, dial the company’s

emergency number and report to security or resposnible
person precisely what and where the incident has occurred;
 Evacuate to the nearest assembly point on hearing the

alarm;
 Cooperate with the evacuation workers and follow their

instructions;
 Once at the assembly point, register your presence and help

identify any missing persons; and

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 Do not resume work, re-enter any facility after an emergency
evacuation until you have been instructed by the responsible
personel.

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6.7 Operation phase impacts
This section presents analysis of the potential direct and indirect

negative impacts of the quarry project associated to its operation and
presents the mitigation options. Generally, the major environmental
issues of the project are related to emission (Noise, Vibration and
Dust), occupational and public safety risks, and alteration of
community activities that will be generated.
6.7.1 Public health and amenity
The operations of the proposed quarry have the potential to impact

upon the external environment, and consequently community health
and amenity if the project is not carefully managed during its
construction and operation. The most significant impacts identified
are wastes (liquid and solid), noise, vibration and tremors increased
traffic concentration and amenity. In addition, quarrying creates pits
from excavated rock materials these are scattered across the quarry
and widen as blasting is extended and more rock material is retrieved
for crushing. These in multiplication become craters that are not
easily drained hence accumulate large quantities of stagnant water
that can become a breeding ground for disease-bearing animals and
microorganisms such as mosquitoes.

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 The quarry plant should be designed, constructed and managed
during its operation an environmental management and monitoring
plan has been prepared (section eight).
 The plant design should incorporate the concept of proper drainage
in its design. Blasting and rock removal should done in such a way
that drainage is created to prevent surface ponging and mosquito
breeding sites.
 Ensure proper construction of drainage lines from all facilities and

no stagnate water is available at every place area.
6.7.2 Traffic flow and safety
Transport of materials and equipment during project operations will

significantly increase motorized traffic in the area (particularly tipper
trucks and excavators). Some of the vehicles may be owned or driven
by people who are not directly employed by the project, such as
customers procuring aggregates from the quarry.
Impact evaluation
Given that some of the road users may not be fully aware of local
traffic safety procedures, and may drive recklessly, increasing the risk
of traffic accidents in the area, this impact is evaluated as moderate
before mitigation.
 Put in place emergency response plan and procedures to handle

accident cases.
 Train drivers to appreciate the likely social behaviour of rural
inhabitants towards vehicles.

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 Install sign posts guiding and warning drivers on speed.
 Haulage fleet should be designed in accordance with the existing

road bearing capacity so as not to impose unbearable tensile and
stress on the road infrastructure.
 Install road signposts underpinning diversion from the main road

to the project site for heavy vehicles and other traffic to and fro
the quarry to avoid occurrence of accidents.
 Adopt a clear vehicle maintenance schedule to ensure proper

functioning of all trucks and vehicles to eliminate noxious fumes
and gaseous emission associated with malfunction of motor
vehicles.
6.7.3 Health impacts
An indirect impact of rising population in the neighbourhood due to

immigration is the spread of HIV/AIDS. Vulnerability to HIV and AIDS
stems from complex, interdependent causes that may include the
mobility of many employees, the time workers spend away from home,
their access to daily cash income in an overall context of poverty and
vulnerability; their demographic profile (they are often young and
sexually active) and the readily availability of commercial sex in area
particularly trading centres.
Exposure to water-borne diseases and malaria, along with poor

sanitation and limited access to medical care, also combine to
increased susceptibility to infection. The sinkholes created on the
ground by explosions will collect and store stagnant water that will
serve as mosquito breeding places and thus increased malaria cases

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in the communities near the proposed project site. These proximate
risk factors are all related to underlying poverty, insecurity and
marginalization affecting both women and men in poor communities.
The proportion of people infected with HIV in a community, and the
impacts of AIDS related morbidity and mortality in that community,
will depend on the extent to which the above factors occur and on
how they combine to increase vulnerability.
The operation of the project will result in increased economic activity

in the area consequently more people will be attracted to the area.
This will expose the community to outsiders who may lead to the
spread of HIV/AIDS and other STIs. There are anticipated health
related issues among women and elderly persons as a result of
vibrations caused by the rock blasting explosions. These severe
vibrations may result into miscarriages and nausea among pregnant
women and discomfort of the elderly in the communities.
In order to reduce susceptibility to HIV/AIDS, the developer will have

to take the lead in adopting the ILO Code Practice on HIV/AIDS and
Work. The developer recognizes the seriousness of HIV/AIDS epidemic
and its impact at a workplace. The company supports national efforts
to reduce the spread and infection and minimize the impact of the
disease. Accordingly, will:
 Formulate and implement HIV/AIDS workplace policy;

 Sustain sensitization of staff on the dangers of HIV/AIDs and
STIs

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 Support local programs by Ministry of Health regarding
HIV/AIDs such as through: an awareness campaign program for
workers and the community
 Provision of free counselling and testing and preventive

measures such as free condoms
 Support development of a special comprehensive HIV prevention

and care program for workers.
The developer will also, whenever practicable, assist through

planning, provision of adequate health services, drinking water and
sanitary facilities to deal with the unexpected rise in the incidence of
the disease problems and support the provision of necessary social,
psychological and counselling services to old and new residents to
enable them to cope with socio-economic changes.
6.8 Contingent Impacts
6.8.1 Occupational Safety and Health impacts
During establishment and operation of the quarry, many workers will

be exposed to a number of OHS risks if not protected. Possible risks
include injuries from earth moving equipment, loading of the blocks or
other materials or equipment movement on rocky surfaces, and injury
to the body from dust and noise. There is also a possibility of injuries
from falling rocks and fire risk outbreak. Some of expected impacts
and proposed mitigation measures are discussed below;
6.8.1.1 Physical hazards
Machinery such as cranes, tippers, transportation trucks and the

allied vehicles can present risk and potential threat to human life.

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Injuries from this type of machinery often lead to loss of limbs and
death. Accidents often happen when machines are inadvertently
switched on during maintenance and cleaning. Sources of physical
injuries at the mine will include (i) Rock fragments from blasting
operation can lead to can lead to fatality and/or permanent disability
of workers (ii) Rock fall; rock fall along with cut-outs in the quarry can
lead to death and injury of both workers and loss of machinery.
Rock faces when highly exposed can easily collapse, with the site
being on a gently sloping area, occurrence of this impact is high (iii)
Machinery or man fall from bench crest; proposed site is on a gently
sloping elevation, height differences will be created due to cutting of
rock blocks. Machinery or man fall from bench crests is likely to occur
and if it happened, can lead to injuries, permanent disability or even
death (iv) Electric shock; cables can rupture due to old age or due to
poor laying and ground earthing, this can lead to electrocution of
workers at the mine. Electric shock can sometimes lead to death.
Impact evaluation
These physical impacts are negative and some effects such as injuries
and death are irreversible. Commonly the injured person is the
household’s main income earner, hence when allowed to occur will
affect more than just the injured persons but their immediate and
extended families. The likelihood of the impact is high considering
that most activities will be done by equipment; duration is long term
and permanent in most cases. Therefore, the severity of the impact is
deemed high.

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 All quarry workers should be trained in avoiding injury to their

bodies and in safe use of machinery and equipment. In addition,
administrative and education measures should be adopted at the
facility including;
 Put in place emergency response plan and procedures for
handling hazards since the area is located in a remote area.
 Have means for quick transportation of accident victims or any

emergency situation, this should be considered since the site is
very remote.
 Have a fully stocked First Aid box at the site for management of
injuries and accidents.
 The company should consider having a trained nurse at the site

with all the necessary medical supplies to handle accidents,
injuries and ailments since the site is located in a remote area.
 Restrict access to materials and areas gazzetted as un-

authorized.
 Train workers in safe working procedures, including avoidance

of danger zone areas.
 Provide workers with protective steel capped boots, hardhats,

high visibility jackets, eye protection and gloves.
 Make sure that all machines are in good mechanical conditions

and the company should develop a Health and Safety Policy.

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 Undertake regular inspections of the cutting wire and training
machine operators to properly operate the equipment to reduce
the possibility of wire rupture.
 Adopt safety tips when using the cutting wire or use suitable
safety guards during cutting to reduce the likelihood of damage
occurrence.
 In case there is need for blasting, observe blasting related safety

tips like safety distance and the use of shelters to reduce
incident damages.
 Rock fall probability can be reduced by geologically examining

mined areas and joint mapping before exploitation leading to
selection of correct direction of exploitation.
 Implement machine’ expertness, safety instruction observation

and suitable management aimed at reducing probability and
occurrence of injuries and damages.
 Regularly inspect power cables and timely replace worn out ones
to reduce the probability of electric shock. Additionally
observance of electricity related safety tips can reduce impacts
associated with electrocution.
6.8.1.2 Fire explosion risks
Quarries operations involve the use of hazardous materials including

light explosives, diesel oil and lubricants for vehicles and equipment.
These substances are highly flammable and increase the risk of fire
incidence thus can potentially cause destruction to property and/or
loss of lives. This impact is major because it can lead to loss of life and
property if not handled with care.

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 Put in place Emergency plans and procedures for handling fire
cases.
 Ensuring carefulness in handling and storage of flammable
substances,
 Procure and install adequate fire fighting equipment and ensure

they are routinely serviced to ensure their efficiency and
functionality at all times.
 Undertake regular housekeeping to ensure that potential sources

of fire are identified and remediation implemented.
 Train workers regularly in fire prevention and containment

procedures and install fire extinguishers in strategic locations at
the quarry.
 Ensure all fire hazards are mapped out on the quarry and all
workers are informed of potential fire hazards.
 Put in place water storages tanks and fill them with water all the
time for use in fire containment in case of a fire outbreak.
 In addition facility management should;
 Limit ignition sources, this is perhaps the most basic way of

preventing a fire or explosion.
 Areas with high combustible materials, such as timber storage

areas, flammable and combustible liquid storage areas, should
be designed to minimize possible ignition sources.
 Mobile equipment should have hydraulic fluid, fuel and

lubricant lines re-routed away from hot surfaces, electrical
equipment and other possible ignition sources.
 Spray shields should be installed to deflect sprays of

combustible liquid from broken fluid lines away from potential
ignition sources.

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 Electrical equipment operating where methane, sulphide dust
or other fire hazards may be present should be designed,
constructed, tested and installed so that its operation will not
cause fire or explosion.
 Ignition sources that are not essential to the mining process

should be banned altogether.
6.8.1.3 Public safety hazards
One of the most prevalent and well-known hazards of quarry

operations is the displacement of rock fragments known as fly rock or
flying stones. The displacement caused by a pressure wave generated
during blasting will throw rocks and debris into the surrounding area.
The severity and extent of impacts associated with fly rock will be
determined mainly by the frequency of blasting activities, the type of
explosives used, the method of blasting; and the adequacy of early
warning systems. Frequent blasting will inevitably increase the risk of
injury and property damage, while the type of explosives used will
determine the velocity of detonation and range of the debris field.
Although often influenced by site geology (physical properties of the
rock such as density, hardness, structure, tensile and compressive
strength), the type of explosive chosen must also take into
consideration safety issues. Ammonium-nitrate based explosives such
as ANFO are widely considered a safer, more economical choice
among quarry operators.
Blasting methods, particularly pre-blast drilling, are equally important

in ensuring safety of the blast. Stemming the top part of the drill hole

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ensures that the energy of the explosives is utilized, which also
reduces and controls the fly rock ejected from the blast (2). Early
warning systems are critical in ensuring that residents and workers
have ample time to find shelter prior to blasting.
Impact evaluation
Consequences will often range from minor property damage to

incapacitating or fatal injury. Given the presence of households in the
area severity of the impact in case of occurrence would be high hence
a moderate impact significance before mitigation. Compliance to
other regulations such as Explosive Act, Public Health Act and
occupational Safety and Health Act, will be crucial in ensuring that
the workers and general public is safeguarded from potential hazards.
 All personnel not involved in actual detonation shall stand back

at least 350 metres from the time the blast signal is given until
the blast sequence is completed
 The developer will make use of low-velocity explosives, ensuring
proper application with the help of qualified and licensed
personnel. All loading and firing of explosives shall be supervised
by a competent and licensed Blaster.
 Drill holes will be stemmed using dry sand or gravel to reduce

and control fly rock ejected from the blast.
 An early warning system, preferably a siren sounded at least 30

minutes before blasting, shall be used to alert residents and
workers of an impending blast.

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 Flaggers (security personnel or local authorities) will be
stationed on all roadways passing within 350 metres of the blast
area to stop traffic during blasting operations.
 Blasting activities will be limited to a specific time (during

daylight hours) and day of the week; the details of which will be
established following consultations with the local community.
 The developer shall provide quarry personnel with head

protection (hard hats) to protect against falling rocks and debris.
 Victims of injury or damage to property shall be promptly and

adequately compensated at rates commensurate to the relevant
laws, regulations and guidelines governing compensation in
Uganda.
 The developer should also carry out regular post-blast surveys to

assess any damage or injury resulting from the blasts, and
identify areas for improvement.
 All fly rock deposited outside the blast area shall be collected and
disposed of at sites approved by the Environment Officer, Hoima
District.
 The developer should provide adequate facilities (e.g., First Aid

kits, emergency shelter, telephone lines, transportation) to
ensure that workers receive emergency medical attention in the
event of an accident.
6.8.2 Operational and management failure
The overall impact assessment and analysis is based on the

assumption that the quarry plant and its components will be designed,
constructed and operated/managed in accordance with the
commitments of the project owner. However, failure of any part of the
project design, construction and /or operation may jeopardize the
intended objectives and sometimes may lead to severe environmental

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and neighbourhood damages. Failure site or infrastructure could be
associated to various phenomena such as (i) poorly projected blasting
operations that could result into flying stones, loud tremors and
vibration, (ii) improper crushing schedule that could trigger
uncontrolled dust emission and (iii) system operation failure resulting
to injuries and accidents,
 Focus and implement precautionary principles in every part of

the processes;
 Ensure effective preventive maintenance schedule for facilities
and equipments at all times and control its implementation;
 Always focus on prevention and prepare for remedial action for

accidental system failures;
6.8.3 Environmental offsets and uncertainties
If conditions are well managed and go according to the designed

performance, most of the impacts associated to the proposed quarry
project can be minimized to an acceptable level. Nevertheless, there
are some residual impacts (offsets) that cannot be fully eradicated by
the proposed mitigation measures. The major offsets to this project
are: dust, noise and vibrations and alteration of community activity
especially during blasting.
6.9 Decommissioning impacts
Decommissioning would typically include (i) Dismantling and

removing all structures and equipment except those necessary for the
intended end use (ii) Dismantling and removing all water, power and

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telephone lines at the extraction site except water and power lines
that may serve the area after restoration activities have been
concluded (iii) Fencing off, gating or otherwise protecting from public
entry all portals, shafts, tunnels, or other surface openings to
underground workings (iv) Emptying and removing all onsite sanitary
facilities and septic systems. The major impacts associated with
project decommissioning include
a) Dereliction of land
This is the abandonment of sites without adequate rehabilitation

resulting in an area that cannot be put to further productive use such
as deserted landscapes. This exposes the public to a number of
physical hazards such as unguarded roads, quarry pits and other
openings. The probability of such impacts arising is high considering
the weak regulatory enforcement that typifies quarry closure in the
country. This is further exacerbated by the remoteness of quarries
that escape the routine monitoring activities of inspection authority
either deliberately or due to limited facilitation coupled with limited
understanding of compliance requirement by the local community
hence do not demand for proper restoration of these sites.
b) Chemical contamination
Quarry machinery and equipment will be stationed at the site through

the project life time. These use engine oil and other petroleum
products during operation and when they are serviced. Most of the
time these substances spill to the environment during refilling and
servicing of equipment which leave large parches of contaminated

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sites within the quarry, In addition the spilled substance may leach
into downstream surface and groundwater systems. The area’s
dependency on groundwater makes it especially vulnerable to any
likely contamination. This impact is evaluated as high.
Mitigating measures:
The developer will be required to submit a site decommissioning plan

twelve month prior to site closure which should contain the following
 Procedure for removing equipment and structures from the site

 A restoration plan to adequately remediate any onsite
contamination and restore site to the maximum extent consistent
with anticipated post-decommissioning use.
 Site investigation to determine contaminated areas and extent of

contamination
 Description of options for remediation of contaminated areas on

site,
 Post-decommissioning land use plan including information on

how possible socio-environmental impacts will be minimized
during decommissioning and measures to protect the public
against risk or danger resulting from site conditions prevailing
after decommissioning:
 Proposed budget for decommissioning activities.

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Other actions that will be done in preparation for site
decommissioning include: (i) preservation of all stockpile and top soil,
overburden and low-quality materials for site rehabilitation (ii)
undertake progressive rehabilitation of exhausted sections of the
extraction site and ensuring that restoration is carried out as an on-
going rather than end-of-cycle activity (iii) secure the site and
permanently prevent public access to all pits, openings and
unguarded roads in and around the extraction site (iv) Removal of all
equipment and building components containing potentially hazardous
materials including and electrical installations (v) landscaping which
include working on faces and horizontal benches to conform to the
surrounding topography, and reshaping of fill slopes, including
permanent piles or dumps of quarry waste and overburden to conform
to the surrounding topography or approved end use and back-filling
all borrow pits and openings with soil and leftover stones (vi) The
developer shall ensure that relevant regulatory authorities, such as
the Environment Officer, Hoima District, Local Councils and NEMA
participate in the project decommissioning monitoring activities.

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7 CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
One of the objectives of an EIA is to provide a description of any

other alternatives to the proposed project/site which might be
considered. Alternatives are, “different means of meeting the
general purpose and requirements of the activity” which includes;
‘with’ and 'without' (do-nothing or no-action) scenarios, alternative
site, design and technology alternatives.
7.1 Project development alternatives
The proposed site for the project is in Kabale Village, in Hoima

district. The main objective of the project is to provide aggregates
and other stone products to the mushrooming construction and
housing sector in the district. In this regard the project site should
be able to supply the desired quality of the stone.
The developer has no any other location with more suitable

conditions for the project than the proposed site, other sites within
the region exist, but do not have quality stones like that found at
the proposed site. Also, these sites may be lacking basic services
and infrastructure, and/or located in heavily habited areas or areas.
Additionally, the rock is easy to mine compared to other areas with
similar rock characteristics. To maximize the intended objectives and
avoid the associated anticipated and unanticipated impacts, there are
some measures that the company can considered to minimise the
project impacts.

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7.2 Without project (No-action) scenario
From a purely physical environmental point of view, the “do-

nothing” is preferable to any project implementation, since it would
avoid creation of any of the adverse impacts associated with project
development. However, the potential social and economic benefits
would be foregone; this might be true for another project.
Because no action” without the project means letting the

environmental and social issues associated with hauling distance to
aggravate. Hence the “without project” alternative is inappropriate
not only from social and economic viewpoint. It is concluded that the
No project alternative is unacceptable, and the potential socio-
economic benefits of project implementation far outweigh
anticipated adverse impacts, besides most anticipated impacts can
be controlled and minimized to acceptable levels.
7.3 Alternative site
Relocation of the project to a different site is an option for project

implementation. Other possible locations exist in and around the
district, but they don't have favourable attributes for efficient
operation of proposed project. Insistence on establishing a quarry
recreation in such places may come with more social and
environmental consequences many of which may not mitigatable and
may have long-term effect on society and environment.
At the moment, the proponent has no alternative site for relocation.

Finding and acquiring land to accommodate the scale, type and size of

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the project and completing official transaction on it may take long.
Besides, there is no guarantee that such land would be available and
its suitability for the project objective is not guaranteed. Although
monetary costs are not a justification for unfeasible project, sourcing
for another alternative site would call for extra costs and time.
This would imply loss of money and time spent on acquiring the
proposed site and does not rule out the possibility of a No Action
Alternative situation on the alternative site. In consideration of the
above concerns and socio-economic and environment suitability of the
proposed site, relocation of the project is not a viable option.
7.4 Alternative land use
The proponent can use the land for other purposes other than
establishing a quarry. He may decide to use the land for establishing
factory, a farm or for other industrial purposes. He may opt to sell or
use it for other myriad of other alternative land uses. This option
however is not feasible as most of the land alienated for the project is
covered in rocks. Besides the type of project chosen would still have
potential impacts some even worse than the proposed project
depending on their nature hence not a better option.

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7.5 Comparison of alternatives
The proposed project alternative as noted above will create

employment and business opportunities for a large number of people
in the community and outside in addition to triggering infrastructural
and economic development in the area. The project development
alternative will elicit social cohesion through improved livelihoods,
incomes and standard of living. The anticipated environment and
social impacts under this option are manageable or can be minimized
to socially and environmentally acceptable thresholds as envisaged in
the ESMP for this project.
Under the No Action Alternative, there would be no development at

all. There would be no benefits from the site and neither would there
be the environmental impacts. The No Project Option as noted above
implies not operating the quarry at all and forfeiture of economic
benefits that would accrue to the proponent, the public and the
government, and it could also discourage investors in the country. In
conclusion the proposed project offers the best option for the current
locality of the project. The no project alternative option to this site is
not superior to those selected by developer with respect to social,
environment and economic considerations, it is therefore
recommended to establish the quarry at the proposed site.

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7.6 Environmental management approaches
The company recognizes the concerns of the local community and

therefore is committed to incorporating state-of-the-art technology
and best environmental management practices in planning, design,
establishment and operation phases of the quarry and its components.
It is on this basis that an integrated environmental management and
monitoring strategy has been adopted (Section 9). The major elements
of this intervention include:
a) Environmentally sound sustainable facility design; Design

alternatives have been applied to the whole project, its components
and associated utilities. The major considerations incorporated in the
project are; use of environmentally friendly blasting technology, noise
and dust containment procedures. Considering the expected increase
in traffic flow in the area development of a traffic plan to regulate
trucks to and from the quarry is another major intervention that has
been made to the design of the plant. The location of the quarry in the
middle of the land (……. Acres) offers more protection to local
community from environmental pollution and injuries and damages
associated with stone quarry operation.
b) Participative Environmental and Social Management Plan;

An Environmental and Social Management Plan has been developed
which outlines the plans, strategies and measures that will be
implemented by the quarry and the responsibilities for managing of
the identified impacts (section 8). This plan is helpful to manage the
performance of the quarry and to assess whether the impacts are
within the anticipated limit or not and to control unforeseen events.

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This is a major intervention point to evaluation of performance against
agreed environmental management commitments and ensuring
identification and incorporation of improvements made to achieve
best practice methods over time.
c) Practical Environmental Monitoring Plan; A robust monitoring

plan has been developed in order to make possible early identification
of environmental impacts that may arise beyond acceptable limits.
This monitoring plan will be implemented and controlled by relevant
stakeholders and will serve as a precautionary measure to avoid
/minimize unacceptable impacts of the proposed quarry project.

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8 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE
Stakeholder consultations for the operation of the proposed project

were undertaken in accordance with the legal requirement as
provided for in the environmental laws and regulations - specifically
the National Environmental Act (Cap 153), the EIA Regulations 1998
and Guidelines for EIA in Uganda.
The aim of the public consultations was to introduce the project to the
public and seek for opinions and views on the social and
environmental aspects of proposed project, fulfil the legal framework
and project disclosure requirements, particularly in respect of key
stakeholders. Additionally, the process aimed at suggesting
appropriate mitigations measures to address identified public issues
and concerns and ensuring that such measures are incorporated into
the final implementation plan of the project as required by the law.
The consultation also served to address any fears likely to face the
public regarding the proposed project. (See appendix VI for the
views expressed by the consulted people about the proposed
project).
8.1 Stakeholder consultation approach/methodology
The proposed stone quarry is to be located within a community area

albeit isolated. This therefore called for consultations focussing on not
only the relevant government institutes but also the community area.
The key informants were systematically selected among key
institutions and leaders whose mandate is associated with regulating
the land use in the area. In addition, staff holding tactical and

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strategic positions in organization/institutions whose direct mandate
is associated with the regulation of industries, environment, and local
government were also included among the consulted individuals.
Capturing the stakeholder’s opinion and perception on the

environment aspect of a facility largely encompassed variables such
as acceptability, expectation and fears of the public associated with
the establishment and operation of the facility in the area. Using a
research tool based on a five-point scale anchored on strongly
disagree = 1, disagree = 2, neither agree nor disagree = 3, agree = 4,
strongly agree = 5.
The results from the consultation were compared with available

information in extant literature on the state of the different
environment subsystems in Uganda to obtain the reliability of the
information. Interview guide questions were employed.
8.2 Stakeholder analysis
The first step in the EIA public participation process is to identify

key stakeholders. The key informants were systematically selected
among key institutions and leaders whose mandate is associated
with regulating land use in the area. In addition, staff holding
tactical and strategic positions in organization/institutions whose
direct mandate is associated with regulation of mining,
environment, and local government were also included among the
consulted individuals. Table 8-1, below shows the composition of
key stakeholders identified and an analysis of their relevance to the
project, the opportunities they come with, the threats from these

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stakeholders to the project and how they can be linked or utilized
by the project.
Table 8-8: Stakeholders for the proposed dimension stone

mining
No Stakeholder Roles and responsibilities
1 The Department of  The department is responsible for

Geological Surveys the administration and management
and Mines of the mineral sector.
 Responsible for issuance of licenses
for the exploration and exploitation
of the identified mineral occurrence.
 Responsible for proper management
of the mineral resources and
preservation of the environment.
3 The Department of  Responsible for the welfare of the

Safety and workforce, community health and
Occupational work-related incidents including
Health workers union affairs.
4 The Ministry of  The Department of Occupational

Gender, Labour and Safety and Health falls under this
Social Development Ministry and has a major role to play
regarding Occupational Health and
Safety issues of the workforce.
5 The District  Can come up with proposals on how

Environment to mitigate the impacts of the
Officer project.
 Regular inspections and ensuring
environmental compliance of

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development projects within the
district.
7 LC I Chairperson  Can provide vital information at the

village level
 Can be used as a mobiliser of

community members.
 Provides support to the project.
8 Neighbouring  They will directly and indirectly be

communities affected by the project.
 Will provide casual labour during

project implementation.
Plate PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE-9: Hoima

District Environment Officer addressing the
community during the meeting
Plate PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE-10:

Standing is the chairperson LC1 addressing about
the proposed project
Plate PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE-11:

Community members that attended the consultation
meeting

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8.3 Stakeholders’ response analysis
Overall, the consultation had a positive response of 100 percent.

This was mainly because of the limited scope of the consultation
process owing to the land-use of the area. Generally, respondents
agreed that proposed project at the proposed site will have minimal
impacts (Mean= 4.80) since the area is virtually not habited neither
productive for agriculture. Some of the key issues that were raised
by key stakeholders were concerns related to restoration on
completion of project operation and traffic related impacts, road
damage due to heavy trucks hauling stones from the quarry. Others
included taking environment precaution, workers safety. The details
are highlighted in Table 8-2 below;
Table 8-9: Summary of stakeholder’s comments

140│P a g e
9 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is mainly

based on mitigation and performance improvement measures and
actions that addresses identified social and environmental issues,
and impacts. Within the scope of the plan, mitigation measures and
actions are identified at all the stages of the project (i.e. pre-
construction, construction, operation) in compliance with relevant
national legislations and standards. These measures outlined in the
main ESIA report are detailed for the specific issues, and
implemented accordingly, in the consequent stages of project
implementation by responsible parties. The aim of the ESMP is to
avoid the possible adverse impacts of a project and to maintain the
existing environmental quality.
The proposed quarry will operate in accordance with existing safety

standards for the operation and extraction of stone aggregates. As
such it is important to provide a monitoring and management plan to
facilitate the monitoring and improvement of environmental
performance. The aim of an Environmental and Social Management
Plan (ESMP) is to avoid the possible adverse impacts of a project and
to maintain the existing environmental quality. The developer will
maintain inspection and auditing records, while ensuring that incident
reporting and emergency response procedures are established and
enforced.

141│P a g e
9.1 The monitoring teams
It is recommended that a monitoring team be designated following the

approval of the environmental aspects of project. The team should be
headed by the Hoima Senior District Environment Officer and should
include officials from the National Environment Management
Authority and Hoima District technical planning department, LC I
Chairpersons office and community members. The plan is presented in
table 9-1 below;

142│P a g e
Table ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN-10: Summary of
potential impacts and their proposed mitigation measures
Impact Impact mitigation Monitori Responsibility Time

ng Phase frame
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
PREPARATION PHASE
- The developer will carry out
Alteration of progressive restoration of the Blasting Developer, Local Establishme
topography site through landscaping and and Council, nt phase
fill-ing of exploited areas, such crushing Environment
as gaping holes, with murram phase Officer, Hoima
and topsoil excavated from District
other parts of the quarry.
- Plant grass and/or trees in

these places upon closure or
decommissioning of the site.
- Designing a surface drainage
Silting system to direct storm water Blasting Developer, Local Establishme
flows, and Council, nt phase
crushing Environment
- Use of settlement ponds, phase Officer, Hoima
contouring and minimising District
length and steepness of rock
EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District 143│P a g e
ng Phase frame
benches.
- Construct a dedicated
drainage system to control
sediment transport
- Maximise exploitation of
exposed rock outcrops to
reduce on removal of
overburden.
OPERATION PHASE
- Construct and maintain
Erosion and surface drainage system Blasting Developer, Local Operation
potential phase Council, phase
contamination - Construction of temporal soil Environment
of surface bound structures to hold Officer, Hoima
water sources excess water from the site to District
al-low percolation.
- Sediment traps should be

installed along the storm
water drainages to minimize
the transport of silt.
ng Phase frame
- Ensure that no heaps of soil
are left at the site and that all
top soil shall be striped and
dumped separately so that it
can be used to restore the
degraded areas during
decommissioning
- All loose soils and other

materials that is not quarry
material will be taken off the
site to an area to be identified
by the developer in
accordance with National
Environment (Waste
Management) regulations,
1999.
- Minimize disturbed areas
Dust emission Blasting Developer, Local Operation
- Undertake continuous phase Council, phase
rehabilitation Environment
Officer, Hoima
- Limit road haul distances and District
ng Phase frame
traffic
- Sprinkle water on unpaved

roads.
- Tree planting
- Adoption of modern equipment

with inbuilt dust control units
which use water to control
- The developer shall construct
Flooding, and maintain surface drainage Crushing Developer, Local Operation
erosion and system phase Council, phase
siltation Environment
- Construction of temporal soil Officer, Hoima
bound structures to hold District
excess water from the site to
allow percolation
- Limit the activity to day time
Noise only Crushing Developer, Local Operation
Emission phase Council, phase
- Provide PPE such as ear plugs Environment
to workers at the site. Officer, Hoima
District
- Where applicable use labour
ng Phase frame
intensive techniques against

machine related technique
which are noisy.
- Adopt dry techniques include
Air pollution covers on conveyors, vacuum Crushing Developer, Local Operation
systems, and bag houses, phase Council, phase
which remove dust before the Environment
air stream is released to the Officer, Hoima
atmosphere. District
- Adopt wet-processing
techniques including, but not
limited to, the use of a
sprinkler system at the
crusher and conveyor to bind
dust particles generated
during crushing, screening
and stockpiling.
- Restrict project vehicles to a

traveling speed of 40km/hr to
reduce dust generation along
haul roads.
ng Phase frame
- Install speed bumps and signs
to regulate speed n and grade,
compact and maintain access
roads.
- Provide dust masks to workers

deployed at the crushing,
screening, stockpiling and
loading areas. The masks
should have the capacity to
filter particles smaller than 10
microns in diameter for
effective respiratory
protection. Worker safety may
also include regular health
screening.
- The developer will utilize
Solid waste enclosures and containment Crushing Developer, Local Operation
management structures to minimize the phase Council, phase
release of potentally Environment
hazardous compounds from Officer, Hoima
stored solid waste. District
- Used oils from excavators and
ng Phase frame
other vehicles will be stored in
good quality tanks in a
containment band and
transported back to the
suppliers who can recycle it.
- Top soil and overburden and

low quality materials should
be removed, stockpiled near
the site, and preserved for
rehabilitation.
- The developer should, where

possible, make surplus top
soil, overburden and rock
waste available for nearby
road rehabilitation projects
- The developer shall develop a

waste management plan
specifying measures to be
implemented in management
of hazardous and non-
hazardous waste, including the
ng Phase frame
identification of permitted
sites for the disposal of
hazardous waste.
- Advice from the

Environmental Officer, Hoima
District should be obtained
regarding a suitable location
for final disposal of wastes.
- Biodegradables will be
composted and used as mulch
for lawns and hedgerows
- Ensure carefulness in handling
Fire explosion and storage of explosive Crushing Developer, Local Operation
and phase Council, phase
hazardous - Procure and install adequate Environment
materials fire fighting equipment Officer, Hoima
District
- Explosion risk should be
minimized by application of
the measures for prevention
and control of dust
accumulation as described in
ng Phase frame
this report
- Undertake regular
housekeeping to ensure that
dust is removed from the
facility, including a biannual
vacuuming of the entire
facility if possible
- Develop a fire prevention and

contaminate mechanism that
will be exposed to all workers
- Regularly train all the workers

in fire prevention and
containment procedures and
install fire extinguishers in
strategic locations
- Ensure all fire hazards are

mapped out on the facility and
all workers are informed of
potential fire hazards on the
quarry
ng Phase frame
- Put in place large capacity

water storages tanks and fill
them with water all the time
for use in fire containment in
case of a fire outbreak.
- Avoid disposition of soil in
Possibility of anywhere during site stripping Crushing Developer, Local Operation
drainage phase Council, phase
impairment - Overburden soil will be kept in Environment
a reserved special place to be Officer, Hoima
used for site restoration District
SOCIAL CONCERNS
ESTABLISHMENT PHASE
- Assist in local road
Impacts on improvement initiatives Blasting Developer, Local Establishme
public through its participation in the and Council, nt phase
infrastructure area management activities. crushing Environment
and services phase Officer, Hoima
- The developer will have major District
development activities in this
area and its operation will
desire a well maintained
ng Phase frame
infrastructure in the area
Displacement - The developer leased the Blasting Developer, Local Establishme

of Arable neighbouring plots of land and and Council, nt phase
land/Land compensated for the loss of crushing Environment
take crops while in the field phase Officer, Hoima
District
Negative - Community awareness and Blasting Developer, Local Establishme

public sensitization meetings should and Council, nt phase
perception be held periodically in crushing Environment
consultation with Local phase Officer, Hoima
Councils District
- Upon establishing that any
Resettlement injury, damage or loss of Crushing Developer, Local Establishem
and property has resulted from the phase Council, nt phase
compensation project’s activities, the Environment
developer will promptly effect Officer, Hoima
compensation for damage District
caused
OPERATION PHASE
ng Phase frame
- All personnel not involved in
Increased actual detonation shall stand Blasting Developer, Local Operation
public safety back at least 350 metres from phase Council, phase
hazards the time the blast signal is Environment
given until the blast sequence Officer, Hoima
is completed District
- The developer will make use of

low-velocity explosives,
ensuring proper application
with the help of qualified and
licensed personnel. All loading
and firing of explosives shall
be supervised by a competent
and licensed Blaster.
- Drill holes will be stemmed to

reduce and control fly rock
ejected from the blast. Dry
sand or gravel having a
particle size of 4 to 9 mm
consitutes the ideal stemming
material.
ng Phase frame
- An early warning system,
preferably a siren sounded at
least 30 minutes before
blasting, shall be used to alert
residents and workers of an
impending blast.
- Flaggers (security personnel

or local authorities) will be
stationed on all roadways
passing within 350 metres of
the blast area to stop traffic
during blasting operations.
- Blasting activities will be

limited to a specific time
(during daylight hours) and
day of the week; the details of
which will be established
following consultations with
the local community.
- Victims of injury or damage to

property shall be promptly and
ng Phase frame
adequately compensated at
rates commensurate to the
relevant laws, regulations and
guidelines governing
compensation in Uganda.
- The developer should also

carry out regular post-blast
surveys to assess any damage
or injury resulting from the
blasts, and identify areas for
improvement.
- Have in place well designed
Exposure to and properly adjusted seats in Blasting Developer, Local Operation
vibration the crushers, loaders and phase Council, phase
other equipment which Environment
produces vibration Officer, Hoima
transmission to the driver. District
- Reduce the source of the

vibration either by changing
the operation of the tool or
incorporating vibration
damping in the design of the
ng Phase frame
tool in use.
- Change the operation of the

tool by reducing the time use
and introduce a rig to provide
support
- Limit workers exposure time

by alternating operators.
- Other means for minimizing

HAV exposure include keeping
the hands warm to limit the
vascular damage and
minimizing grip force while
maintaining control of the tool.
- Explosives will be transported
Storage and in explosives magazines to Blasting Developer, Local Operation
use of minimize the risk of phase Council, phase
explosives detonation during transport. Environment
Officer, Hoima
- Detonators and explosives District
shall be transported in
separate vehicles.
ng Phase frame
- Armed police escorts will
supervise the transfer and
transportation of explosives to
and from the extraction site.
- Only qualified and licensed

personnel should be
authorizied to handle
explosives
- Training and awareness will
Occupational be essential in protection Blasting Developer, Local Operation
Injury against workplace injury and and Council, phase
accidents. crushing Environment
phase Officer, Hoima
- Appropriate safety gear, such District
as helmets, boots, goggles and
gloves will be provided.
- A First Aid kit to treat

emergencies that may arise
during operations will be made
available, and seriously
injured personnel will be taken
to the nearest hospital or
ng Phase frame
health facility.
- In cases where an employee is

seriously injured, treatment or
compensation shall be effected
by the company in accordance
with the law.
- Signposts will be placed in
Traffic flow strategic areas to warn Blasting Developer, Local Establishem
and Safety pedestrians and road users of and Council, nt and
approaching traffic, crushing Environment operation
phase Officer, Hoima phase
- Drivers will be sensitized on District
the traffic safety aspects of the
project
- Regular maintenance of all

project vehicles to minimise
accidents caused by
mechanical failure.
- Formulate and implement
Health HIV/AIDS workplace policy Blasting Developer, Local Establishme
impacts, and Council, nt and
HIV/AIDS and - Sustain sensitization of staff crushing Environment operation
Malaria. on the dangers of HIV/AIDs phase Officer, Hoima phase
ng Phase frame
and STIs
District
- Support local programs by
Ministry of Health regarding
HIV/AIDs such as through: an
awareness campaign program
for workers and the
community
- Provision of free counselling

and testing and preventive
measures such as free
condoms
- Support development of a
special comprehensive HIV
prevention and care program
for workers..
- Install road signposts
Increased underpinning the diversion Througho Site Throughout
ocurrance of from the main road to the ut Manager/forema the project
road quarry for heavy vehicles or operation n
accidents other cars coming to and fro phase
the site.
ng Phase frame
- Designate a flag man to give
green or red warning signs to
the truck drivers at the facility.
- Vehicular speed limits of 25

km/h should be observed.
10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In this report, an assessment of all activities of the proposed project

on the human and natural environment is made. Both beneficial
and negative impacts have been identified, evaluated and
presented. The assessment also underpinned the fact that much as
the proposed development will induce negative impacts some of
which are within the severity category, these impacts are not out of
range in terms of mitigation and minimization.
In addition, the consultants have developed a monitoring and

management plan to ensure effective implementation of proposed
mitigation measures. The potential impacts have been identified
and appropriate mitigation measures proposed. The developer is
required to adhere to the monitoring and management plan in
order to achieve set objectives. Most of the impacts highlighted in
the report can be addressed through adoption and implementation
of the following technical, education and administrative measures
such as;
- Procuring highly efficient production equipment that will

guarantee production accuracy and reduce waste and hiring
competent and qualified engineers to ensure that all the
equipment’s are positioned and functioning according to
specifications.
- Provision of safety measures and protective wear to workers
in addition to equipping them with appropriate skills manage
occupational and health risks associated with their work
environment.

Page | 162
- Ensuring strict adherence to the technical and legal guidance
provided by all relevant institution including, NEMA, Geology
and Hoima District Authorities;
Furthermore,
- Management should develop a Health, Safety and

Environmental Policy for the quarry. The policy should be
documented, communicated and should include provisions for
compliance, pollution prevention and continual improvement
of environmental performance.
- Management should develop a waste management plan that
shall include description of appropriate measures for the
management of hazardous and non-hazardous waste
generated, procedures, agencies responsible, monitoring
schedule, and emergency response procedures.
- The developer should also implement a system to document

any emergencies, accidents or safety incidents that may occur
at the quarry.
- Environmental audit of all operations and equipment should

be done at least annually. The audit should include but not
limited to air quality assessment, occupational health and
safety assessment, and water quality analysis.
- Regular inspection of the site facilities by NEMA and Hoima

District officials is proposed.
In order to strengthen environment compliance once in operation,

the developer has been advised to undertake regular environmental
audits of the project to assess/ evaluate the performance of the
quarry in regard to all applicable environment regulations and

Page | 163
address any issues as they arise in the course of the project
implementation. Furthermore, the project should employ best
management practices in order to minimise negative impacts on
the environment, this project ESIS report merits approval.

Page | 164
REFERENCES
1. Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines, 1997.

2. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 1998
3. Investment Code of 1991
4. State of Environment Report for Uganda, 2001/2002
5. The Mining Act 2003
6. The National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations,

1999
7. The National Environment Act Cap 153,
8. Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines for Construction

Materials Extraction, International Finance Corporation (IFC),
2007
9. The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995
10. The Land Act, 1998
11. The Town and Planning Regulations, 1998
12. The Water Act, 1995
13. The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1995
14. Hoima District Local Government, 2012. District Development

Plan.
15. Langer, W.H., and Kolm, K.E., 2001, Hierarchical systems

analysis of potential environmental impacts of aggregate
mining: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc.,
Annual Meeting, 2001, Preprint No. 01-103.

Page | 165
APPENDICES
Appendix I: Approval letter for Terms of Reference

Page | 166
Appendix II: Copy of the lease agreement

Page | 167
Appendix III: Certificate of incorporation

Page | 168
Appendix IV: List of stakeholders consulted during the EIA
study

Page | 169
Appendix V: Magazine Licenses for blasters

Page | 170
Appendix VI: Site layout boundaries
EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District Page | 171

EIA - Indo Stone Quarry

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EIA - Indo Stone Quarry

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Submitted by:

Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand Ltd

P O Box 858 Kampala

Eco Innovations International Limited

P.O Box 4470 Kampala

Tel 256 414230647

Name Expertise Signature

Wilbroad Certified Environmental

Phionah Sasira Certified Environmental

Babra Kamatungo Certified Environmental

Other contributing consultants include;

1. Annet Arinaitwe – Sociologist

3. Bright Kabalega – Geologist.

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

5. Beatrice Nambi – Environmentalist

6. luwulira Muhammed – Lawyer

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

Stone quarry products demand are increasingly becoming high in

In line with EIA regulations (1998), Indo-Uganda Quarry and Sand

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

Other impacts associated with quarries are occupational health and

The probability of occurrence, severity and magnitude of each impact

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

An Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

ANFO Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil

CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

DGSM Department of Geological Surveys and Mines

EDWs: Emissions, Discharges or Wastes

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EIS Environmental Impact Statement

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESIS Environmental and Social Impact Statement

HAV Hand-Arm Vibration

MEMD Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development

MGLSD Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social

NEMA National Environment Management Authority

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

OHS Occupational Health and Safety

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

ToR Terms of Reference

UNBS Uganda National Bureau of Standards

UTM Universal Transverse Mercator

WBV Whole Body Vibration

WGS World Geodetic System

PAPs Project Affected Persons

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

EIS for the proposed Stone Quarry in Kabaale, Hoima District

Plate 5-1: Satellite image showing the proposed site marked by a

Plate 5-2: Overview of the proposed site for the quarry.....................33

Plate 5-3: Showing the rock outgrowth in the area surrounded by

Plate 5-5: One of the community routes traversing the site................34

Plate 5-7: Showing one of the Homesteads likely to be affected by the

Plate 5-8: A potatoes Garden one of the major economic activities in

Plate 5-9: Soil characteristic of the area.............................................39

Plate 5-10: Area vegetation is characterized by patched of tropical and

Plate 5-13: Undeveloped land close to the proposed site....................42

Plate 8-1: Hoima District Environment Officer addressing the

Plate 8-2: Standing is the chairperson LC1 addressing about the