Name : Fahmi Wijaya

Class : VI / C
Student ID : 1175030095

SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING

What is Interpreting? Is interpreting the same as translator? Most people in general rarely know
what is meant by what is called Interpreting, not even many who do not know what Interpreting
is. Most of them think that Interpreting and Translator have an activity or the same work that
translates a language from the source language to the target language or target, even they think
that many interpreting and translating only to translate English only.

In fact Interpreting and translator have quite obvious differences but still have similarities
between the two. It can easily be said that the interpreter and translator both translate the source
language into the target language or target language, but both have clear differences, namely if
interpreting when translating the source language into the target language is done at the same
time orally after the speaker of the source language has finished saying the sentence then at that
time also translated and spoken back into the target language. While translators have a more
flexible time because they do not have to translate directly and orally at the same time, the
translator translates the source language text into the target language in the form of text or
writing again.

Basically Interpreting is translating the source language into the target language which is
translated orally which is spoken directly at that time after the speakers of the source language.
Because of the short translation time, expertise in the source and target languages must be
mastered when interpreting. Because the time is so short the interpreting translation is not as
accurate or perfect as the translator, but the delivery of the target language must have the intent
or purpose that has been conveyed by the source language.
Generally interpreting is needed at certain events or activities that involve important people or
important people in government even by the president. However, it does not prevent interpreting
from being needed on ordinary matters such as when there are foreign tourists who violate the
rules of regulations in Indonesia and are detained at the police station, usually they need
interpreters to translate what is said into the language of both parties and there are still many
another example and for this paper will explain about simultaneous interpreting.

"Simultaneous interpreting is a complex task where the interpreter is routinely involved

in comprehending, translating and producing language at the same time. This study
assessed two components that are likely to be major sources of complexity in SI: The
simultaneity of comprehension and production, and transformation of the input.
Furthermore, within the transformation component, we tried to separate reformulation
from language-switching. We compared repeating sentences (shadowing), reformulating
sentences in the same language (paraphrasing), and translating sentences (interpreting) of
auditorily presented sentences, in a simultaneous and a delayed condition. Output
performance and ear–voice span suggest that both the simultaneity of comprehension and
production and the transformation component affect performance but that especially the
combination of these components results in a marked drop in performance. General lower
recall following a simultaneous condition than after a delayed condition suggests that
articulation of speech may interfere with memory in SI." (Christoffels & De Groot, 2004)

Simultaneous Interpreting (SI) is the process of interpreting directly translating the source
language of the speaker into the target language of the listener. SI is generally done when there is
a large conference, which in the conference many participants who came from various countries.
Because of this the SIs require very high concentration and clear hearing and are carried out in a
special room which is soundproof and only listens to the source language and then translates it
back into the target language. Sometimes there is a problem when the source language speaker
utters the words too quickly or even there is a source language speaker who expresses his words
in unclear articulation. The advantage in this SI can be demonstrated if there are 100 participants
of the conference from 10 different countries or not one interpreter is needed for each person,
only 10 people are needed to represent each language from 10 countries. That is because the SI is
done in a separate room and said to the target language using a micro-phone connected to the
headsets of the participants with the selection provided in accordance with the target language
you want to listen to. To support the statement before, (Nolan, 2005) said, "A simultaneous
interpreter, usually sitting in a soundproof booth, listens to the speaker through earphones and,
speaking into a microphone, reproduces the speech in the target language as it is being delivered
in the source language. Because the simultaneous interpreter cannot fall too far behind, this
method requires considerable practice and presence of mind".

Differences between simultaneous and consecutive interpreting:

SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING

• Done WITH the speech – interpreter listens to the speech and interprets at the same time.

• Delivered from a BOOTH.

• May involve CHUCHOTAGE.

• Interpreters rely on SPLIT ATTENTION.

CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETING

• Done AFTER the speech – interpreter listens to the whole speech before interpreting

• Delivered in front of a LARGE AUDIENCE

• May involve NOTE-TAKING

• Interpreters rely on ACTIVE LISTENING

References
Christoffels, I. K., & De Groot, A. M. (2004). Components of simultaneous interpreting: Comparing
interpreting with shadowing and paraphrasing. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 227-240.

Erickson, A. (2002). MODES OF INTERPRETING: SIMULTANEOUS, CONSECUTIVE, & SIGHT TRANSLATION.

Atlanta: National Association of Judiciary Interpreters & Translators.

Nolan, J. (2005). Interpretation Techniques and Exercises. Clevedon: MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD.