Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland that is often associated with lower urinary tract symptoms and symptoms

of sexual discomfort and dysfunction.

Prostatitis may be caused by:

a. infectious agents (bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma) or
b. other conditions (eg, urethral stricture, benign prostatic hyperplasia).
c. E. coli is the most commonly isolated organism.

There are four types of prostatitis:

1. acute bacterial prostatitis (type I);
2. chronic bacterial prostatitis (type II);
3. chronic prostatitis/ chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) (type III), and
4. asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis (type IV).

1. Acute bacterial prostatitis.(Type I) Your urinary tract is made up of your kidneys, bladder,
and the tubes that pass between them. If bacteria from here finds its way into your
prostate, you can get an infection.

This type of prostatitis comes on quickly. You might suddenly have:

Acute Bacterial Chronic bacterial CP/CPPS Asymptomatic

Prostatitis Prostatitis Inflammatory
Prostatitis
1. Urgent need to 1. An urgent need to pee, pain that lasts more Inflamed
pee but only a often in the middle of the than 3 months in at Prostate but no
little comes out, night least one of these body symptoms
2. High fever 2. Painful urination parts:
3. Chills 3. Pain after you ejaculate
4. Trouble peeing (release semen  Penis (often at the
5. Pain around the at orgasm) tip)
base of your penis 4. Lower back pain  Scrotum
or behind your 5. Rectum pain  Between your
scrotum 6. A “heavy” feeling behind scrotum and rectum
6. Cloudy urine your scrotum (the perineum)
7. Blood in your semen  Lower abdomen
8. Urinary blockage
(difficulty peeing or a
weak urine stream)

.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis (Type II) This is more common in older men. It’s a milder bacterial
infection that can linger for several months. Some men get it after they’ve had a urinary tract
infection (UTI) or acute bacterial prostatitis.
The symptoms of chronic bacterial prostatitis often come and go. This makes them easy to miss.
With this condition, you might sometimes have:
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). (Type III)This is the most
common type of prostatitis. It shares many of the same signs as bacterial prostatitis. The difference
is that when tests are run, no bacteria are present with this type.
Doctors aren’t sure what causes CP/CPPS. Triggers include stress, nearby nerve damage, and
physical injury. Chemicals in your urine or a UTI you had in the past may play a role. CP/CPPS has
also been linked to immune disorders like chronic fatigue syndrome and irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS).
The main symptom of CP/CPPS is pain that lasts more than 3 months in at least one of these body
parts:

 Penis (often at the tip)

 Scrotum
 Between your scrotum and rectum (the perineum)
 Lower abdomen

You may also have pain when you pee or ejaculate. You might not be able to hold your urine, or you
may have to pee more than 8 times a day. A weak urine stream is another common symptom of
CP/CPPS.
Asymptomatic prostatitis (IV). Men who have this type of prostatitis have an inflamed prostate but
no symptoms. You may only learn you have it if your doctor does a blood test that checks your
prostate health. Asymptomatic prostatitis doesn’t need any treatment, but it can lead to infertility.

Clinical Manifestations
• Acute prostatitis is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, dysuria, perineal prostatic pain, and severe lower urinary tract

symptoms: dysuria, frequency, urgency, hesitancy, and nocturia.

• Approximately 5% of cases of type I prostatitis (acute prostatitis) progress to type II prostatitis (chronic bacterial prostatitis);

patients with type II disease are typically asymptomatic between episodes.

• Patients with type III prostatitis often have no bacteria in the urine in the presence of genitourinary pain.

• Patients with type IV prostatitis are usually diagnosed incidentally during a workup for infertility, an elevated prostatespecific

antigen (PSA) test, or other disorders.