GOOD LUCK!
Best regards,
Dr. Aurangzaib Baloch
Founder/Administrator
Medicos Republic
www.MedicosRepublic.com
Please don’t make any errata of these
notes. If you find any mistakes kindly
tell us with authentic reference and we
will correct them for you. This way
everyone will benefit from it.
1.Patient with bone pains having normal Calcium,Inc Alkaline phosphatase most
likely suffering from = Paget’s Disease
●Osteoporosis = Labs are normal
●Pagets disease = only ALP is raised
●Osteopetrosis = Only Ca is dec
●Osteomalacia = Vit D dec → dec Ca & phosphates → inc PTH & ALP
2.Erythropoises occurs in middle trimester mainly from = liver
(Regarding Fetal erythropoiesis
●3 to 6 weeks = Yolk sac
●6 weeks till birth = Liver
●10 to 28 weeks= Spleen
●18 weeks to adult = Bone Marrow)
3.Vertebrae is derived from = Sclerotome,
4.Memory center is located in = Temporal lobe
( note ; for Dejavu = temporal lobe)
5.The most common type of salivary gland tumor is = Parotids
6.Distruction of Ant.pituatary gland causes dec.functioning of = Glom.fasiculata
( Remember the Mnemonic GFR ie
●Glomerulosa → aldosterone and this one is under the control of Angiotensin
not Fasiculata → Cortisol and this one is under the control of pituitary
●Reticularis → Sex steroids )
7- A normal looking Girl came to you with primary amenorrhea, on examination
she was having short blind vagina wid normal vulva, scanty pubic n axillary
hairs, normal breasts, absent uterus, her karyotype is = 46XY
( blind vagina and absent uterus always mean XY until proved otherwise )
8-Nerve supply to extensors of arm is supplied by = Post cord
(Radial nerve is from posterior cord )
9. Nerve injured in Ant dislocation of Shoulder joint is = Axillary
10-Damage to scaphoid bone causes injury to = Radial Artery
11-Common site of fracture at rib is = Angle
12-Following is not a tumor marker = Acid Phospatase
Session 1 2
in RSA dies after 3 days, most likely cause of death is = Fat embolism
(Note that if fracture and 3 days duration are not mentioned then better option
will be amniotic fluid embolism ie it causes immediate deaths)
53-Patient with old history of adenoCA of colon is operated for polypectomy,on
histologic evaluation pathologist labelled it as benign growth with no chances
into malignant transformation,it would be = Tubular adenoma
54-Tyrosine derivative doesn’t include = Prolactin
55-Precursor of steriod hormone is = Cholesterol
58-Wasting of thenar eminence,loss of sensation over thumb and index
finger,nerve involved is = Median
( Regarding wasting of the thenar eminence always click median nerve)
59-The base of urinary bladder is made by = Post surface
60-Shock without having vasodilation is likely associated with = Burns
61-Following doesn’t form the layer of inguinal canal = rectus abdominus
62-Femoral sheath is formed by = Fasica transersalis and Fasica iliaca
63- The muscle involved in unlocking of knee joint is = Poplitus,
64-External spermatic fascia is formed by: = External oblique
65-In Turner syndrome, the genotype would be = XO
66-Organ having least chances of infarction = Liver
67-Type of necrosis in brain infarction = Liquefactive
68-Pt.with cervical lymphadenopaty,+ve AFB sputum,sign to look for TB on
microscopy is = caseous necrosis
69-Thyroid gland moves with swallowing because it is enclosed in = Pretracheal
fasica
70-Neurovascular bundle in chest wall lies between = Internal and Innermost
layers
71-Fibrous pericardium and mediastinal pleura is supplied by = Phrenic Nerve
( Remember the Mnemonic i-e
●Fibrous pericardium = Phrenic (frenic) nerve
● Visceral pericardium = Vagus nerve)
72-Man is suffering from testicular ca,the lympahtic drainage of testis is into =
Para aortic Lymph nodes
73-In exercise,the venous blood returns to the heart by = Muscle pump in calves
74-Circulation in heart is maintained by = Local metabolites
75-Fisherman is presented with gingival bleeding and ecchymosis,he is suffering
from = Vit C deficiency
( NOTE ; In vit B12 def due to Diphylobotram Latum among the fishermen,
Session 1 5
116. A pt presented to his dentist due to inability to put his dentures, dentist
referred back to physician saying there is no dental problem, where is the lesion
= Substantia nigra
117. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia = Chromosome 9 & 22
118. Steroids drug action on cells = Act on Genes
(all steroids & thyroxin act on genes)
119. ADH is inhibited by = Alcohol
120. A tumor with all germ layers = Teratoma
121. Following has high clearance value = PAH
122. Scanty bar bodies = Turner
(REMEBER IF ASKED
● Bar body diagnostic of then = klienfilter
● scanty bar body or no bar body then = turner
● bar body TEST is diagnostic for = turner)
123. Which parasite is not transmitted thru orofecal route = Trichenella Spiralis
(Humans get it when they eat infected meat/pork )
124. Organelle having microtubules in its structure = Centriole
125. S1 nerve root lesion = Loss of Ankle jerk
126. Mucus not secreted by = Terminal bronchioles
127. Which of the following increases lower esophageal tone n speeds up gastric
emptying time = Metoclopramide
128. Diphtheria vaccine reaction = type 3
( remember any serum will cause serum sickness ie type 3 hypersensitivity )
129. Femoral nerve derived from which section of spinal cord = L2 L3 L4
130. Deep coma is caused by lesion of which nucleus = Nucleus cerelous
(REMEMBER IF ASKED
● Deep coma then nucleus cerelous
● Prolonged coma then Periq aquiductal gray matter ( p for prolonged & p for
periquiductal &
●permanent coma = thalamus )
132. A man of 70 has recurrent UTI cause = Outflow Obstruction
(old age →chances of BPH → lead to outflow obstruction→ leading to recurrent
UTI)
133. Normal FEV/FVC1 Ratio = 0.8
134. Compression effects on esophagus by which organ enlargement = Left
Atrium
135. Plasma Protein Binds With All Except = Oxygen
Session 1 8
●HSCT (transplant) = 1st line for the patients who have sever aplastic and have
HLA MATCHED sibling donor
149. Most common S/E of use of histamine 1 blocker = Sedation
150. Decrease Insulin will = Ketogenesis in Liver
151. An obese man with h/o atherosclerosis underwent laparotomy due bleeding
in abdomen and during surgery his small gut was purple n sup mesenteric vein
was ok so what is dx = Wet gangrene
152. First heard sound is produced during = Isovlumic contraction
153. A patient came with c/o bitmep hemianopia so a blockage was seen at =
Upper part of optic chiasma ( best ans is optic chiasma, but if both upper and
lower part are in options, prefer the upper part of optic chiasma )
154. 30 yr male newly diagnosed with HTN, on ECG lt ventricular hypertrophy,
serum cholesterol 200, FBS 88 mg%, urinary sugar ++ RFTs were normal, K 2.5
, Na 140, what is cause of his HTN = Primary hyperaldosteronism
155. Man With Weakness And Dysphagia, Blood Profile With Target Cells =
Iron Deficiency Anemia
156. Which of the following in maternal serum for rubella should b an indication
for termination of pregnancy = Ig M
57. Epithelium of Conjunctiva = Stratified Columnar Epithelium ( non-
keratinized )
158. Antioxidant Vitamin = vit E
(REMEMBER IF ASKED
●Potent one then = Glutathion > vit E
●among vitamins then = vit E > vit C)
159. Which of the following does not increase in stress for surgery = Insulin
160. Monitoring of HEP B virus can be done via = SGPT (or ALT)
161. Diseased ovary pain radiating to medial thigh of body due to nearby
presence of = Obturator Nerve
162. Biguanides side affects = Diarrhea and flatulence
163. Patient with Gastrectomy presents with Anemia after One and half year,
what will you give = Vit B12
164. Data is collected for some clinical trial based on presence or absence of
Vomiting. What type of data it is = Nominal
(whenever asked about nominal remember = it’s the data type where u have to
ans between the two variables like YES OR NO, RIGHT OR WRONG ,
PRESENCE OR ABSCENCE etc while ordinal gives u order like PRIMARY >
SECONDARY > TIRTIARY)
Session 1 10
pathway and innervate the wrong gland. It can occur after Parotid surgery and
may be treated by cutting the tympanic plexus in middle ear- Ref BRS Anatomy)
221. Analgesic causing tachycardia in therapeutic dose = Pethidine
222. Following is a good analgesic but weak anaesthetic = NO
223. About Posterior Triangle of Neck what is true: = Contains subclavian , three
trunks of brachial plexus
224. Herpes simplex virus transmitted by = .droplet
225. Pt came in with abdominal pain, his amylase was high, he was diagnosed
with Pancreatitis. What is his omentum going to show = Fatty necrosis
227. Which carcinoma doesn’t show distant metastasis = Basal cell Carcinoma
228. Orofecal transmission = HEV
229. When tension in muscle increases near to rupture which does the relaxation
= Golgi tendon organs
230. Golgi tendon organs respond to = Tension
( FOR BOTH 129 AND 130 QUES REMMEBER = TENSION AND TENDON
i.e when tension on a muscle increases golgi tendon organs starts firing and
relaxes it )
231. Pacemaker of Heart = SA Node
232. Parasympathetic stimulation = Decreases HR
233. Sacral hiatus is formed due to = Failure of fusion of laminae of 4th and 5th
sacral vertebrae
(Sacral Hiatus is used to administer Caudal (Epidural) anesthesia)
234. Effect of drug on a body = Pharmacodynamics
( MNEMONIC = D FOR DRUG & D FOR DYNAMICS i.e. drug on the body is
dynamic )
235. Which is not blood supply of scalp = Maxillary artery
236. Hydroxyindol-acetic acid in urine = Carcinoid syndrome
237. Pt came with testicular mass. It was diagnosed as a yolk sac tumor. What is
the follow up marker for this patient = Alpha-Fetoprotein
238. In the hospitals most common cause of wound infection = Staph aureus
(E.coli 2nd most common)
239. Nerve loss in urogenital triangle which nerve involved = Pudendal Nerve
240. Neck of femur supplied by = Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
241. A man having recurrent bacterial infections with streptococci also having
diarrhea which on examination showed giardiasis, further exam revealed normal
T cells but ↓B cells levels of igM,igG and igA were given = Bruton’s
agammaglobulinemia
Session 1 14
264. Pregnant lady with bile duct obstruction. Diagnostic investigation = GGT
(FOR NON PREG = CLICK ALP )
265. About Trichomonas vaginalis what is correct = Is sexually transmitted
266. Anion gap = Diff between measured cation and measured anion
267. Occulomotor nerve supplies = ciliary ganglion
268. Infective endocarditis diagnostic investigation = Blood culture (blood
culture for diagnosis & ASO titre FOR THE EVIDENCE OF INFECTION )
269. Essential fatty acid = Linoleic acid (Also Linolenic Acid is among essentials)
270. Patient was brought to the ER unconscious. The doctor gave Naloxone but it
was not working. What is the likely cause of toxicity = Phenobarbital
271. Patient lacerated the dorsal part of his wrist accidentally. He came in with
difficulty to adduct the fingers and difficulty abducting the thumb. Which nerve
was paralyzed = Ulnar Nerve
280. Pain from lower inferior segment of Diaphragm = Subcostal Nerves
( Phrenic supplies central tendon of diaphragm)
281. Cingulate gyrus blood supply = Anterior cerebral Artery
282. Dorsal Vein of penis drains into = Greater Saphenous Vein
283. Internal carotid bleeding stopped by compressing = C6
284. A patient has nodule on vocal cord. The most unlikely mechanism =
Atrophy ( Hyperplasia = click it if asked the most likely )
285. Edema of acute infection. Feature = Proteins >3gm (EXUDATE)
286. Vein not draining to great cerebral vein = Occipital
287. Extent to which a tissue gets disturbed by occlusion of its blood supply
depends on = Rate of development of thrombosis
288. A 15 years old girl with fixed dilated pupils. Lesion is at = Oculomotor nerve
289. Axon arise from conical shape part of neuron cell body called = Axon
hillocks
290. Peptic ulcer profusely bleeding from posterior wall of duodenum which
artery involved = Gastroduodenal Artery
291. Proteins that escape into tissues from blood vessels = Reabsorbed by
lymphatic system
292. Epithelium of kidney = endoderm + mesoderm
293. 8 month Baby boy with repeated rhinitis 2episodes of pneumonia in less
then 2 month, low plasma B cells n decreased immunoglobulins = IgA deficiency
294. Which is not a 'basic tissue of body = Blood
Session 1 16
295. A 30 years old man had a road traffic accident and sustained fracture of
femur. Two days later he developed sudden breathlessness. The most probable
cause can be = Fat Embolism
296. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome = Wasting of thenar muscles
297. Which of the following statements about carcinogenesis is false = Papilloma
viruses produce tumors in animals but not in humans
298. Max potassium absorption occurs in = PCT
299. Lung capacity increased in inspiration by 2/3 by = Diaphragm
300. Pituitary Gland Causing Bitmemporal Hemianopia.Where is the lesion =
Optic Chiasma
Session 2 17
solution;
Ejection Fraction = SV/EDV
& CO = HR × SV
SV = CO/HR
first convert 5.6 L to ml ie ( 5.6 × 1000 = 5600 ml)
then calculate SV = 5600/70 = 80
now
EJECTION FRACTION = 80/160 = 0.5 ans
167.4ml of 4% Lidocaine solution contains how much lidocaine ?
Solution ;
4% means 4 gram in 100 ml
convert 4 grams into miligrams
4 ×1000 = 4000 mg
if 100 ml contains 4000 mg
then 1 ml contains X mg
X =4000/100 = 40 mg
and 4% contains = 40 ×4 = 160 ans
168. Question = 0.85% Nacl Solution contains how much NaCl ??
Solution ;
0.85 % means 0.85 gram in 100ml
now convert gram into mg ie 0.85 × 1000 = 850 mg
so 0.85% NaCl solution contains = 850 mg /100 ml
169. Regarding Pseudoypoparathyroidism = Hypocalcemia
( Pseudohypoparathyroidism → Autosomal dominant disease ; End-organ
resistance to PTH (includes its ability to synthesize 1-α-hydroxylase in the
proximal tubule) Mental retardation, basal ganglia calcification, short fourth
and fifth metacarpals (―knuckle-knuckle-dimple-dimple‖ sign). Hypocalcemia,
normal to ↑PTH, normal 25-(OH)D, ↓1,25-(OH)2D; ↓serum calcium,
↓serumphosphorus.)
170. Cholangiocarcinoma caused by = Cholonorchis Sinensis
171. Farmer with migratory lesion on foot = Cutaneous Larva migran
( look at , both the ques ie migratory lesion and ans ie larva migrans , share the
same word ie migran )
172. Ligament that prevents ant dislocation of femure on tibia = Post cruciate
172. Scrotum drains to = Superficial Inguinal Nodes
173. True about Thoracic duct, drains into = At Confluence of left Subclavian
and left Jugular
Session 3 37
174. About Posterior Triangle of Neck what is true = Contains subclavian , three
trunks of brachial plexus
175. Nerve loss in urogenital triangle which nerve involved = Pudendal Nerve
176. About Quadrate lobe, true is = Drains by left hepatic duct
( quadrate lobe though structurally part of right lobe, but functionally part of
left lobe even arterial and venous etc are with left )
177. Isoniazid causes side effects which can be prevented by taking which
vitamin = Pyridoxine
178. About Trichomonas vaginalis what is correct = Is sexually transmitted
179. Athetosis is due to defect in = Globus pallidus
180. Main class associated wid antigen presenting cells = MHC2
181. Diabetic pt came to ER insulin given what change will happen in blood =
increased pH ( as its Ketoacidosis so u have to change acidosis ie PH )
182. If circumflex branch of left coronary artery is blocked which area will be
effected = Posterior surface of left ventricle
183. Potassium will be lost mostly fr0m which segment following dietary
irregularities = distal tubule
184. Main diagnostic feature of DIC = presence of D dimers
(D for DIC, D for D-dimers)
185. CO poisoning,methemoglobulinemia,anemia dont result in hyperpnoea =
this is because Po2 remains normal
(Anemia- Pa02, Sa02 – Normal ;MethHB and CO Poisoning - Pa02 - Normal,
Sa02 DECREASED- Ref Edward F Goljan)
186.Burkitt lymphoma cause is = EBV
( EBV = it also causes infectious monoNucleosus, in which B CELLS are affected,
but the ABNORMAL LARGE CELLS ARE T-CELLS , so if asked affected click
B- CELLS )
187.Bitemporal hemiopnea = Pituitary Adenoma
188. Subdural hematoma due to = leakage of cerebral vein
(while extradural is due to Middle meningeal Artery )
189.Penetrating injury in 4th left intercostal space just lateral to sternum will
damage which of following structure first = intercostal membrane damage
(this is an imp question, but if 5th space is asked, then CLICK intercostal
MUSCLE)
190.young patient with history of taking some drug with anemia, HB is 8 ,WBC
90000 and platelet is 240000 and PERIPHERAL blood shows IMMUTURE
CELLS = ALL
Session 3 38
214. A male sexually active without fever and urethral discharge organism found
= Chlamydia trachomatis
215. The drug that causes hyperurecemia = Pyrazinamide
216. Surgeons injects dye during surgery of the liver through =Ligamentum
Teres
217. Polycythemia characteristic feature; increase in = Red cell mass
218.. A female patient with low Hb and increased reticulocytes + Coomb’s test
positive = Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
219. Patient with miosis and cannot gets his pupils widened even in dark, lesion
of = Sympathetic trunk
220. Patient with dry eyes which ganglion involved – Pterygopalatine
221. A tall man in a circus started with chest pain. Has also dislocated lens in
history, chest pain due to = Dissecting aorta
( another question frequently asked about dissecting aortic aneurysm and the
ans is CYSTIC MEDIAL NECROSIS)
222. Damage to dorsal column medial leminiscus pathway causes = Sensory
ataxia
223. Nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus damage cause = Astereognosia
224. A patient with FEV1/FVC decreased with FEV1 decreased more, dyspnea
(emphysema case). The activity of neutrophil elastase is due to = Nicotine
225. A child with arthritis, mucosal ulcers, uveitis and genital lesions = Behcet’s
disease
226. Low complement system seen in = SLE
227. Pulmonary flow of blood in liters/min = 5 liters
228. In SIADH = Hyponatremia (decreased osmolarity)
229. Alpha motor neurons = Myelinated
230. Potassium secretion decreased via = Aldosteron antagonists(Spironolactone)
231. Costocervical trunk = 2nd part of subclavian artery
232. A man goes to a high altitude 02 delivery to tissues is maintained by = Hb
conc is increased
233.A 52 year old man underwent coronary artery bypass graft two weeks ago
and now presents with purpuric patches on skin. On labs his PT and aPTT were
normal. Following Is true = Drug induced thrombocytopenia
234. Regarding normal heart = Right ventricle pressure 25/10 mmHg
235. Maximum absorption by renal tubules = Glucose
236. Regarding Bain Bridge Reflex = Increases HR
237. Ectopic thyroid hormone is produced by = Squ carcinoma larynx
Session 3 40
38. Lesion above the sacral region; effect on bladder = spastic bladder,
( if spastic bladder not in option , click neurogenic bladder, note that neurogenic
bladder is the term used for both spastic and atonic bladder )
239. Sickle cell anemia defect in = Beta globin
240.Deep to post digastric and near palatoglossus a structure runs obliquely
upwards = Lingual artery
241.Loss of abduction and adduction of fingers and adduction of thumb with
intact skin sensations involves = Deep branch of ulnar
242. A patient on MAO inhibitors, in order to avoid hypertension you would
advise not to take = Coffee
243. Middle 1/3rd of oesophagus supplied by = Descending thoracic aorta
244. Follicular cells of thyroid derived from = Endoderm
245. Organophosphates = Irreversibly binds to organophosphates
246. A tumor of pituitary gland compressing anteriorly to a structure will cause
problem in = Optic nerve
247. A postpartum lady with heavy bleeding due to uterine atony, drug you
would use = Ergometrine
248. Parietal cells = Copious eosinophilic cytoplasm and central nucleus
249. Patient with prolonged PR interval and on beta blocker from long time
cause = Drug induced 1st degree heart block
250. Lymphatic vessels related to = Cystic hygroma
251. IgA nephropathy on histology = Mesangeal deposit
252. Increased in resistance to flow = Viscosity
253. Chorea and athetosis are the features of = Basal ganglia complex
254. Femoral artery position to femoral vein below the inguinal ligament,
femoral artery is = Lateral
255. About spermiogenesis = Spermatids are converted to spermatozoa
256. Family history positive, patient with recurrent respiratory infections,
sinusitis investigation for diagnosis = Sweat Chloride test.
257. Myxomas most common location = Left Atrium
258.diabetic patient present with gangrenous foot cause is =
angiopathy+neuropathy
259.in late pregnancy placenta consist of = Synctiotrophoblast+fetal
endothelium
260.Person not able to open mouth = Lateral pterygoid
( speak lateral pterygoid and ur mouth remains open all the way along, that’s
how its memorzed ie its function is to keep mouth open)
Session 3 41
fracture and is in contact with axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral
artery )
146.Which muscle is flexor of forearm and supplied by radial =brachioradialis
147. Circumflex branch is damaged which area will be affected = left ventricle
and left atrium
148.Artery involved in inferior wall MI = Right Marginal artery
149..Sinus in jaw plus yellow granules = actinomyces
50.Abduction up to 40 degree is lost = supraspinatus
151.Fracture of surgical neck of Humerus damage to = Axillary Nerve
( note that deltoid is supplied by axillary and damage to it result in loss of
abduction,
●supraspinatus - by suprascapular nerve = 15 to 30 degree abduction
●Deltoid – by axillary nerve = upto 90 degree abduction
● trapezius – by accessory nerve = above 90 degree abduction
152.Inversion of foot by which muscle = Tibialis Posterior
153.Lateral foot dermatome = S1
154.Most appropriate about Clavipectroral Fascia =Covers Pectoralis Minor
155.The specific feature of Apoptosis = cell shrinking
( if councelman body is mentioned in options then click that )
156. Open wound healing includes = myofibroblast
157.An obese man with h/o atherosclerosis underwent laparotomy due to
bleeding in abdomen n during surgery, his small gut was purple n sup
mesenteric artry was blocked , so what is dx =wet gangrene
158.Cervical rib attached to trverse process of cevical rib will compress = T1
159. Aortic aneurysm which structure not compressed: Phrenic nerve
160. Mucus not secreted by = terminal bronchioles
161.nerve supply of extensor digiti minimi = deep radial nerve
( all the extensors of hand are supplied by Deep branch of radial nerve )
162. Pregnant lady anaemic, Best lab Investigation = CBC
163.The muscle that causes eversion of foot = peroneus longus
164.Anion gap = difference b/w measured cation and measured anion
165.regarding cimitidine intake what effect causes =.inibition of hepatic enzymes
166.which of the following is premalignant lesion = lichen planus
167.ewing sarcoma occurs which site of bone = diaphysis
168.spermatogenesis is stimulated by = FSH and testosterone
169.epididymis drain into = vasdeferens
170.regarding lesser sac = double peritonal layer
Session 4 53
Sometimes the chains that prevent us from being free are more mental than physical.
1.Councilman bodies seen in – Apoptosis.
( Remember ; if u see word MALLORY BODY = alcoholic liver disease
Myelin figure = Reversible cell injury and councelman body = apoptosis , never
click any other option then )
2. Thorn prick in left lower limb caused abscess - Staph aureus
3. Oblique fissure of the lung at level - T3 to T6 Costochondral.
4. Stress hormone of our body – ACTH
( IF cortisol is not given in options prefer ACTH )
5. Superficial temporal artery relation with which nerve - Auriculotemporal
nerve.
6. Correct about Thyroid gland - lymph drainage to deep cervical lymph nodes.
7. Anemic hypoxia occur in – Methemoglobulenemia.
8. In cerebral circulation brain arteries - Do not anastomose once entered in the
brain (Don‘t confuse it with circle of villus that is anastomosis in the sub
arachnoid space not in the brain substance).
9. Phase 1 of transformation of drug metabolism – Oxidation.
10. Standard deviation shows - Variability of individual observation.
11. Counseling in patients is - To help themselves.
12. A young girl who is going to die and asks you ―Am I going to die?‖ Doctor
response should be – ―What your parents have told you?‖
13. In whole wheat – Thiamine.
14. Cholesterol enriched diet – Egg
15. Origin of peroxisomes – SER.
16. Organelle where protein combines with carbohydrates, packed and released
- Golgi complex.
17. Correct about DNA – Euchromatin is transcriptionally active.
18. ADPKD associated with – CEREBRAL HEAMORRHAGE
(If asked the most common cause of death/complication in ADPKD then = Renal
failure ….. but if asked association then Sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (50%) >>
cerebral hemorrhage)
19. Cause of delay in healing – Infections
( infection is the most common cause of delayed wound healing )
Session 5 60
43. Diabetic female after abdominal surgery; dyspnea and cough - Pulmonary
embolism.
44. MCC of pulmonary embolism – DVT.
( NOTE ; if asked the most common site of DVT then Popletial vein if asked most
common source for pulmonary embolism then FEMORAL)
45. Typhoid fever 1st week test – Blood culture
46. Typhoid fever 2nd week test – Blood culture and Widal test.
47. Typical feature of falciparum - Black water fever.
48. Alcoholic patient with deranged LFTs; on biopsy – Mallory bodies.
49. Potassium is mainly regulated by - Aldosterone.
50. Natural self-defense against tumors – Apoptosis.
51. P53 gene absent results in - cell survival.
52. Pain mediator - Bradykinins.
53. Metaplasia – Functional change in cells.
(metaplasia is replacement of one adult cell to type by other , and is mostly due
to CHRONIC IRRITATION , it‘s a REVERSIBLE condition and most common
examples are BARRET ESOPHAGUS AND SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA OF
LUNG DUE TO SMOKING)
54. Female with infection of HPV, comes after 2 years, Pap smear shows
prominent nucleoli and increased nucleus size – Dysplasia.
(Whenever in scenario u see word , change ins SHAPE, SIZE , ORIENTATION,
ARCHITECTURE, OR INC NUCLES ISZE, always pick Dysplasia , its also a
reversible condition)
55. Gas exchange occur - Simple squamous epithelial layer.
56. Patient with granulomatous disease, biopsy done. Microscopic finding that
suggests TB – Caseous necrosis ( if asked the feature of granuloma then click
epithelioid cells, not otherwise, if asked what will u do next after u see caseous
necrosis then click AFB STAINING , if no clue is given the click AFB STAIN)
57. The spindle fibers will decrease in discharge of impulses when - Muscle
contracts
(NOTE; the job of spindle is to contract muscle, it means when the muscle
contracts , its job is done and it DEC FIRING )
58. Diagnosis for leprosy, initial investigation - Nasal scrapping.
59. Benign neoplasm – Adenoma.
60. 3 germ layers tumor – Teratoma.
61. When adrenalin release from medulla, causes vasodilation by acting on -
Beta 2 adrenergic receptors. ( ALPHA 1 = contraction , Beta 2= dilation )
Session 5 62
62. Increased GFR and increased plasma flow occur due to - Dilation of afferent
arteriole.
63. Characteristic of cerebellar lesion – Dysmetria
64. Emax (maximum effect) of a drug depends on – Efficacy
(cram it, is highly repeated)
65. Study in which every person of a population has equal chances of being
selected – Random sampling.
66. Amniocentesis is done - After 14th weeks.
67. 1st response against acute inflammation in tissue – Macrophages.
68. In dark granules containing cells; IgE attaches to – Basophils.
69. Opsonization - C3b.
( also Fc portion of IgG is opsonin, BUT C3b is more potent)
70. Exudate - more than 3g of proteins.
71. About active transport of drug all are true except - All drugs pass via active
transport.
72. Pulmonary artery supply to – Alveoli.
( this is the evergreen question among repeated ones)
73. Muscles of back innervated by - Dorsal rami.
74. In young boy dyspnea produced on lying - Retrosternal goiter.
75. Most important cause of bronchogenic cancer – Smoking.
76. Edema caused by - Increased hydrostatic pressure.
77. Edema caused by - Lymphatic blockage.
78. BP 210/180mmHg and creatinine 8% damaged part – Juxtaglomerular
apparatus.
( this que is is mostly repeated In same way, so remember if very high BP an
raised creatinine and in options there is JG APPARATUS. Don‘t click anything
else)
79. Female with blood group A, have 2 children; one with O and other with AB,
blood group of father is – B.
80. Genetically true hermaphrodite XXY
( This is one of the most controversial MCQ, and according to Goljan xx is
correct ans that‘s in 50% of cases while other combinations make only little
percentage, but cpsp key makes XXY a better option)
81. DNA replication occur in – Interphase.
( DNA & CHROMOSOMES replication occur in interphase)
82. Glycogenolysis caused by deficiency of which hormone – Insulin
83. Investigation for liver amoebic abscess – Serology.
Session 5 63
264.A young female patient presented with pain RIF with hx of amenorrhea for 6
weeks, pregnancy test is positive : ectopic pregnancy
(Acute appendicitis if leucocyte count, nausea and fever mentioned )
265.Urogenital diaphragm lateraly attaches to : ischiopubic rami
266.Pregnant patient presented at 3rd month of pregnancy with Hb 12.5 g/dl,
later on presented on 9th month with HB 10 g/dl normocytic, normochromic,
cause of anemia : normal physiological change
267.local anaesthetic MOA of ionized substances : cause blockade of Na-
channels
268.Neuromuscular junction motor end plate : contains acetylcholinestrase
269.Patient presented with Hx dyspepsia, anemia, pale hands, spooning of nails,
stool test showed OVA : Ancylostoma Duodenale
( note that , ascarisias casuse GI obstruction and lung problems, trichuriasis
cause dysentery and rectal prolapse, entrobius vermicularis cause pruritis ani,
and onchoceercasis cause river blindness)
270. A 23weeks pregnant lady died in RTA type of death is : Fortitious death,
271. While doing appendectomy via incision at Mc'burney's point artery is
damaged : deep circumflex Iliac artery ( if asked about , which STRUCTURE is
damanged then , ans should be illeohypogastric nerve)
272.Elderly patients are prone to develop drug toxicities b/c of : dec. renal
Excretion
273.Patient having menstrual cycle of 32 days will ovulate on : 18th day
(the last 14 days of the cycle are fixed, any change in the length only occurs in
the days before it, which may either reduce of prolong the total duration so to get
the ans ; 32-14 =18)
274.Which of the following will cause bradycardia : occulocardiac reflex,
275.neoplasm having rete ridges , malignant infilterating epithelial cells :
Verrocous carcinoma
276.In pregnancy there is : hypoalbuminemia
277.Lymphatic drainage of skin around anus : medial group of superficial
horizontal lymph nodes
278.Bite cells will be seen in : G6PD def,
279.Inferior layer of urogenital Diaphragm : perineal membrane
280.which of the following is benign tumour = warthin tumor
281.septum primum and septum secundum fuse to form septum which separtes :
common atria into right and left atria
282.At the end of a marathon race there is = Increased glucagon and low insulin
Session 5 73
1.Veins of thorax drains into = azygous drains into superior vena cava
( azygous vein, after arching over the root of right lung drains into superior
vena cava behind the sternal angle, also note that there are no valves in superior
vena cava, brachiocephalic veins and azygous system of veins)
3.Regarding primary peristalsis = begins when bolus enters the esophagus
4.Cardiac transplantation rejection, the cells involved are = T cell
(CD8 CYTOTOXIC T CELLS : Recognize antigens in association with class I
MHC Proteins Kill virus-infected, neoplastic, and donor graft cells via release of
perforins and granzymes. While in chronic rejection, CD4 T CELLS are
involved, as stated “Pathogenesis of chronic rejection, Most likely due to a
chronic delayed hypersensitivity reaction involving CD4 T cells” )
5.Tumor cells in the blood , most commonly diagnosed by = tumor marker
6.P53 mutation = cell survival
( P53, brings about cell apoptosis i-e death, means if its mutated, cell will suffer
no death and will survive)
7.Liver abscess= serology is done for diagnosis
8.Biopsy taken from posterior triangle = damage to the spinal part of accessory
nerve
(spinal part of accessory nerve lies in posterior triangle, and is frequently
damaged during biopsies or drainage of abscess from this are, not that the loss of
accessory nerve result in paralysis of trapezius, and as a consequence loss of
overhead abduction and inability to comb hair)
9.Alpha receptors = mainly in the proximal urethra
10.Parasympathetic = inc salivation
( Salivary secretions are inc by both symp and parasymp , but parasym effect is
more dominant one.)
11.Receptors causing nor-epinephrine mediated dilation=β2
12.Which muscle causes jaw protrusion = Lateral pterygoid
13.Pancreatic tissue in stomach is = choristoma
14.Sickle cell disease protein affected is = beta globin
15.Iron deficiency anemia = inc TIBC
(note that. The most sensitive test for iron deficiency anemia is Serum ferritn )
Session 6 75
16.At normal condition, both are equal = venous return and pulmonary blood
flow
( the reason is that all the blood entering in right side of the heart should be
pumped to lungs for oxygenation)
17.Difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation = low resistance in
pulmonary circulation
18.Long term memory immunoglobulin is = Ig G
( the initial Ig is always IgM , that’s followed by IgG )
19.Profofol absolute contraindication =Hypersensitivity to profofol
( profol appears safe in porphyria , note that , barbiturates contraindicated in
porphyria )
20.GVE comes out of = dorsal nucleus of vagus ( its also known as posterior
nucleus of vagus and is the main parasympathetic outflow of vagus )
21. Which of the fallowing structures doesnot receive innervations from
branches of pudendal = Posterior Fornix of Vagina
22. Sructure attached to Lumbar Verebra = Anterior Longitudinal ligament
23. Right horizontal semicicular canal stimulated = Head tilt right
24. Athetosis is due to defect in = Globus pallidus (according to Guyton and hall)
25. Opsonization occurs with the = Help of c3b
27. Propulsive movement of intestine effected due to lesion of = Aurbach plexus
28. Main class associated wid antigen presenting cells = MHC2
29. About small intestine true is = small intestine 6-8 meters long
30. Lysosome has secretion against bacterial iron because they contain =
Hydrolases
31. Blood supply of heart is regulated by = Local metabolites
32. Post synaptic sympathatic mainly secretes = Nor epinephrine
33. True abt vertebral column = Cervical nerves originate abovecorresponding
vertebra (Except C8 cervical nerve which is below C7 vertebrae , and all Spinal
nerves also originate below the corresponding vertebrae)
34. Confidence interval = Mean n its standard error of mean
35. Positive Predictve valve is affected by = Prevalence of disese
(Remember PPP = Positive Predictive value is affected by Prevalence)
36. In PPD induration u will find = T cells
( if T-cell & macrophages are present in options prefer that)
37. Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in a patient with raised
intracranial pressure = Ketamine (mnemonic = KRANIUM VS KETAMINE)
Session 6 76
38. If circumflex branch of left coronary artery is blocked which area will b
effected = Posterior surface of left ventricle
39. Draining to Sup Mesenteric nodes = Jejunum
40. Diabetic pt came to ER insulin given what change will happen in blood =
increased pH
( as dec PH is due to acidosis by ketone bodies and insulin when given, will dec
ketone bodies and will inc ph)
41. Potassium will be lost mostly frm which segment following dietary
irregularities = distal tubule
42. Main diagnostic feature of DIC = presence of D dimers
43. A man wd his gut removed some weeks ago now showing ↑ gastric motility
wid diarrhea, cause = Osmotic+secretory diarrhea
44. CO poisoning, methemoglobulinemia, anemia dont result in hyperpnoea, this
is because = Po2 remains normal
(Anemia- Pa02 and Sa02 – Normal
MethHB and CO Poisoning - Pa02 is normal but , Sa02 DECREASED)
45. Ductus deferens end in = ejaculatory duct
46. Sjogren associated with = RA
47. Ovarian pain related to = Obturator
48.Antibiotic given , patients PT and APTT deranged what will u give = vit k
49. Subdural hematoma due to = rupture of cerebral vein
(note that;
●Epidural = Middle Meningeal Artery=Lens shaped Biconvex hematoma
●Subarachnoid = Cerebral arteries and Vein (Berry Aneurysm in Circle of
Villis)
●Subdural = Superficial Bridging cerebral Veins =Cresecent hematoma)
50. Enzyme in saliva that prevents iron utilalisation by bacteria = Lactoferrin
51. Fio2 max dose which does not cause fetolental adrenoplasia = 0.6
(Safe limit is 0.6 or less than that)
52. Gardener right side chest pain 3.5 cacific on rt lower lobe = Aspergilosis
53. Recurrent renal stone associated with which amino acid abnormality =
Lysine
54. Nerve supply of Lattisimus dorsi = Thoracodrosal Nerve
55. Nerve supply of Rhomboids = Dorsal scapular nerve
56. Nerve supply of Sartorius = Femoral Nerve
Session 6 77
95. Dorsal scapular nerve supplies which of the following muscle = levator
scapulae (Dorsal scapular Nerve also supplies Rhomboids)
96. Which of the following is a pivot joint = atlanto axial joint
98. Motor supply of pharynx is by = nucleus ambiguous
(Nucleus Solitarius: Sensory & Ambigous: Motor)
99. Sacroiliac joint = plain variety of synovial joint
100.Mediator of pain = bradykinin ( Bradykinin > PGE2)
101.RT coronary artery = supplies S.A node
102.Most imp hormone involve in gluconeogenesis = cortisol
103.A pt presented with rt iliac fossa pain. he is diagnosed to have acute
appendicitis on flexing his rt thigh inward n medially he cries with pain. What is
the type of appendicitis he has = pelvic
105.Most potent chemotactic factor is = C5a
106.what is the most appropiate ans = C5a is a potent chemotactic agent
107.Low serum complement seen in which condition = SLE
108.Pt presented with photosensitivity,rash n joint pain.which is the daignostic in
this case = anti DS antibodies
109.Which of the following has highest cholesterol content = LDL
110.Which drug does not cause gynaecomastia = Griseofulvin
(Some colleagues saying androgen, but remember that gynecomastia is one of the
adverse effect of androgen, and beyond all explanations, griseofulvin is cpsp key)
111.Which is the best option in identification of Turner's syndrome =
karyotyping
112.End product of purine metabolism is = uric acid
113.Erythropoitin is secreted fro = Mesengial cells
114.ESR is decreased with = albumin is increased
115.RBC'are having = glycolytic enzyme activity
116.Commonest Cause of PDA = permaturity
117.Most common Cause of metaplasia is = chronic irritation
118.What is the differentiating point of hyperplasia fron hypertrophy = Increase
in size n no of cell
119.Dysplasia is seen mainly seen in = epithelia
120.What is the differentiating feature of hyperplasia from benign tumo =
increase in no of cell
121.What is the most true among following = rRNA is most abundant & involve
as ribosomes on endoplasmic reticulum
122. Deficiency of THAIMINE(B1)causes all except =subacute degenaration of
Session 6 80
spinal cord
123.AIDS is associated with all of the following except = leukemia
124.VITAMIN involve in collagen synthesis is = ascorbic acid
125.Neural tube defects occur due to deficiency of = folic acid
126.Iron is stored in the form of = ferritin
127.CO2 is tranported in lungs through = simple diffusion
128.HPV is associated with = CA cervix
129.Optic groove appears on left side of forebrain on day = 22
( memorize by mnemonic, 2 eyes and 22 days )
130.Germen measles causes which abnormality. What is the most appropriate
answer = congenital cataract
131.A newborn with anterior abdominal wall swelling and umbilical cord
attached to it.what is the condition called = omphalocele
132.PT has exophthalmos & his T3 n T4 are increased.what is the option for
treatment of exophthalmos = drugs blocking the lymphocytic infiltration
133.Treatment of diabetes in pregnant lady is = insulin
134.side effect of streptomycin = impairment of hearing
135.Which of the following is opportunistic organism = klebsella
136.Psudomembranous colitis is caused by = Cl.difficile
137.About aspargillosis which is not correct = is caused by long term antibiotic
use.
138.Pt has a history of infection 4 weeks back.now he developed same pain
again.what type of cell will present at this time of disease = neutrophils
139.What is the drug of choice for DVT in ist trimester of pregnancy = heparin
140.Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction includes = erythroblastis fetalis
141.Transfusion reaction will not occur in a pt if we transfuse the=group A with
O ( as O is universal donor )
142.Which of the following does not cross placenta easily = Ig M
145. Which drug is used in the treatment of hirsutism = antiandrogens
146.Most common organism involved in infection caused by IUCD =
actinomycosis
147.ECF differ from ICF in = high conc. of Na & Ca
( if only volume is mentioned in the options the click that one)
148.diffrence of smooth n skeletal muscle = Ca-Calmodulin complex is present in
smooth muscles
149.In partial mole,karyotype is = 69XXY (46XX is complete mole )
150.If carbohydrate is separated from proteins what will be the fate =
Session 6 81
(Prevents from involution and any of the options can be asked so memorize
both)
220.gold standard for breat cancer = Mamography
221.53 years old lady admitted in comatose stated, blood sugar 400, +4 sugar in
urine,, no ketone bodies and albuminuria = DM2
222.Philtrum of upper lip = Tw0 Medial nasal processes
223.intermittent pain of small intestine is felt = Umblical region
224.after 15 days of c- section due to obstructive labour.. pt developed urinary
incontinence. what is the most likely cause = Vesico vaginal fistula
225.breast lobes = separated by interlobar stroma
226.how good is a test at correctly diagnosi diagnosing people with the condition.
Feature qualifies = Sensitivity
227.pO2 is lower in arterial blood than pulmonary blood because-- diffusion to
occur
228.lady with back ach on right side,neck of femur fractured due to slipage in
washroom.Blood calcium is raised and calcium appeared in urine,, diagnosis =
hyperparathyroidism
229.enzymes are specific for male and female hormones production,,, enzyme
only for female hormones production = aromatase
230.male pt with severe hemorrhage,presented in unconscious state,, transfused
with 2 weeks old blood ,Blood mainly contain = Rbcs
231.cells which contain sense granules and have igE antibodies on their cell
membrane are = basophills
232.current bone density is assessed b = dexa Scan
female presented with some epithelial changes nd hpv +ve.Again presents and
pap smear shows large cells with large nucleus.Diagnosis = dysplasia
( note ; Cervical dysplasia, HPV infection > IUCD, while most common cause of
cervical metaplasia is Multiparity > IUCD)
233.Tachyphylaxis = Diminish unresponsiveness adapted quickly
(in simple words, rapidly developing tolerance to a drug is called tachyphylaxis)
234.Powerful vasoconstrictor = Cocaine
235.True about pudendal nerve = Supplies muscles of perineum
236.GnRh is not inhibited by = Carcinoma
237.Ureter is supplied by all except = Inferior mesenteric arteries
238.Myleperoxidase is an enzyme present in = Neutrophil
Session 6 84
239.Fourty ears lady with 2 year history of pruritis ,for the last 6 months having
xanthoma, hepatospleenomegaly, which investigation will confirm Diagnosis
= Antimitochondrial antibody (a scenario of primary biliary cirrhosis)
238.Milk presents in the breast during pregnancy with normal prolactin
Level but no lactation it is due to inhibitory effect of = Progesteron
(actually estrogen and progesterone both result in the development of breast
during pregnancy but at the same time they also inhibit lactation, if in options
only one is asked then PROGESTERON should be preferred )
239.Inferior orbital branch is a terminal branch of = Maxillary artery
240.Amniotic fluid embolism = During labor and postpartum
(CMDT states , “though uncommon still amniotic fluid embolism is one of the
complication of labor and immediate postpartum period” )
241.Nerves/muscle not leaving pelvis thru greater sciatic foramen = Obturator
242.Parturition is caused by or started = Fetal cortisol
(fetal cortisol increases oxytocin receptors on uterus there by increasing its
sensitivity secondly it enhances the enzymatic degradation of Progesteron,
resulting in termination of pregnancy)
243.Cardiac output maximum in = After delivery
( though not an easy concept; but let’s simplify, ●● ●after delivery a lot of blood
enters into maternal circulation, that inc blood volume and BP, secondly we
know that increasing the number of capillaries decreases blood pressure, ie via
parallel resistance mechanism, after delivery, placenta is lost decreasing number
of capillaries and thus BP shoots up, that’s why most common cause of death
after delivery is cerebral hemorrhage, .. Ref Francis physiology)
244.Pars distalis = supplied from superior hypophyseal artery
245.burkits lymphoma is caused by EBV because = Antibodies to viral capsid
are present in all individuals with burkitt lymphoma
246.40 years lady with post coital bleeding and inter menstrual bleeding
on examination hypertrophic cervix, first investigation to do = Cervical smear
247.Inscisionall hernia 1st structure taking from within outwards = Transversalis
fascia
248.Succinylcholine = Actions is prolonged due to the deficiency of
psuedocholinestrase
( because this drug is inactivated by enzyme pseudocholinestrase)
249.If 28 day cycle on day 21 progesterone will be = 10ng
(During Mid leutal phase progestrone should be more than 10 ng)
250.Insulin dependent uptake of Glucose into =skeletal muscle
Session 6 85
(Sembulingam states that; usually glucose is transported into the cells by Na-
Glucose co-transporter , but most the cells have another transport protein called
glucose transporter ie GLUT, among these GLUT-4 is insulin sensitive and it Is
present in large amount in muscle fibers and adipose cells and via GLUT-4
transporter, insulin pushes glucose into two cells, ieadipose and skeletal muscles )
251. transpyloric plane is located at = lower border of L1
( structures lie at the level of trasnpyloric plane = pylorus of stomach , fundus of
gall bladder, Hilum of kidney, first part of duodenum , origin of superior
mesenteric artery the tips of 9th costal cartilages, and lower end of spinal cord if
lower border of l1 is not there click upper border of L2)
252.Pyruvate intermediate between = Glucose and acetyl coA
( Glycolsis ends up giving 2 molecules of pyruvate ,which after conversion
into actyl CoA and enters krebs cycle )
253.Pretracheal infection will be transferred to =Anterior mediastinum
254.Spinal anesthesia is given to a patient, there is sudden loss of sensation due to
= loss of vasomotor tone
255.Insulin increases by = GIP ( Gastrin, CCK , GIP , secretin and GLP-1 all inc
insulin secretion, but GIP AND GLP-1 are the most potent )
256.Basal ganglia is involved in = Initiating movement
257.Hypokalemia on ECG is represented by = U wave
258.Regarding the end arteries = Present more in the vital organs
( ●End artries then central retinal artery > splenic artery
● if asked functional end artry then click heart )
259.Female in labour, station 2 on PV, ischial spines inverted, arch less
triangular, which type pelvis is this = Anthropoid
260.Blood leaving placenta has how much percentage of PO2 = 30 %
261.Craniophrangioma ablation is done in a woman due to tumor, what is
required for ovulation = HMG followed by HCG
262.Which drug does not cause teratogenicity = flouxeten
263.In chronic intra vascular hemolysis = Dec heptoglobin
264.Severe bradycardia and low pulse, oculocardiac reflex is stimulated, what is
the immediate treatment = Stop stimulus
265.Syncope is not a recognized feature of = Haemophilia
266.The most common cause of anemia in pregnancy = Haemodilution
267.Suprapubic incisioňis given by a surgeon, artery injured in the suprapubic
fat is = inferior epigastric
268.Pudndal nerve does NOT supply = Posterior vaginal fornices
Session 6 86
Accept the challenges so that you can feel the exhilaration of victory.
George S. Patton
1.Eating undercooked and raw meet can cause infestation by = tape worm
(Note that, taenia solium via uncooked pork , T.Saginata via uncooked beef &
fish tape worm (Diphyllobothrium latum) via uncooked fish)
2.A postmenupasual women suffered fracture due to osteoporosis her Ca is
decreased and phosphorus is increased , she has = inc PTH
3- Mass movement is affected in colon due to problem in = Auerbach plexus
(while submucosal plexus are for secretions )
4- In an adult Ileactomy and jejunectomy has been done. He has diarhoea and
15-20 bowel sounds per minute. The most likely cause of this decreased transit
time in the intestine is due to = secreroy plus osmotic
5- treatment of vWD = Cryoprecipitate
( cyopreciptate should be pronounced as cryoprecipit-8 as it contains factor 8,
and in vwd factor 8 is depleted )
6- The head of femur in adult is supplied by = Medial and lateral circumflex
artery ( while in children its supplied by OBTURATER artery)
7- Head of humerus is supplied by = Anterior circumflex
( while fracture will damage posterior circumflex artery)
8. A man having recurrent bacterial infections with streptococci also having
diarrhea which on examination showed giardiasis, further exam revealed normal
T cells but ↓B cells levels of igM,igG and igA were given = Bruton's
agammaglobulinemia ( this scenario is repeatedly encountered so plz NOTE
THE WORD GIARDIASIS , and that will help u in memorizing stem.)
9- A 6 years child who develops muscular weakness. Anti voltage gated calcium
chanel antibodies are presen = Lambert Eaton syndrome
10- Infarction of posterior 1/3 of interventricular septum.artery involed -.RCA
( while the anterior 2/3 of septum is supplied by left ant descending arter ie LAD)
11- Right border of heart is formed by = right atrium
( IF ASKED in xray the right border is formed by rt atrium plus SVC, AND if
this option is not present then click only SVC )
12. which is a small blue cell tumour asociated with large amount of
catecholamines in child = Neuroblastoma
Session 7 89
13- which of the following prevents muscle tear under high pressure = Golgi
tendon organ (note, when the muscle is in tension = Golgi tendon starts firing
and muscle get relaxed in response )
14-Which of the following ulcer is caused by synergistic infection by
microaerophilic non hemolytic streptococci and aerobic hemolytic staphlococci =
Meleney's ulcer
15- Cholecystectomy is done, where to put the drain = Subhepatic space
16-Esophagectomy done stomach is mobilized to upper portion of thorax ..To
anastomosis with phayrnx, Which artery is responsible for stomach supply now
= right gastroepiploic artery
( if this artery is not mentioned in options then click RIGHT GASTRIC artery)
17-common Postop infection in hospital cause by which organism = Staph
Aureus ( second most common is E coli)
18-clawhand produced by unopposed action of = extensor digitorum and flexor
digitorum profundus
19-Recurrent renal stone associated with which amino acid abnormality = Lysine
20- Rotator cuff is formed by = supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and
Subscapularis ( memorize by Mnemonic SITS )
21-If FACTOR IX not available = FFP
(Note that if asked which is used as immediate antidote to WARFARIN then as is
FFP not Vit K, because vitK Needs time to work and not imp for immediate
action )
22-which of the following drain into superior mesenteric lymph node = Jejunum
( also remember that jejunum is supplied by both GREATER , LESSER
Splanchnic nerve while stomach by Greater splanchnic nerve )
23-Drug which is strong analgesic but not a good anesthetic -nitrous oxide
24- peptic ulcer profusely bleeding from posterior wall of duodenum...which
artery involved = gastroduodenal artery
( memorize this artery by the site of ulcer i-e ulcer is common in Gastric n
Duodenal parts of gut so artery should be GASTRO-DUODENAL in case of
bleed)
25- Lumbar puncture = L4 L5
(While L3 L4 should be clicked if L4 L5 is not present in option )
26-Seminoma is a tumour in male, its equivalent when occurs in ovary then its
called = dysgerminoma
27- Which of the following is mostly premalignant in the oral cavity -
Erythroplakia
Session 7 90
28- A female pt was having generalized pain, and has been taking NSAIDs for a
long time. Now developed swelling n big toe, wht will b present in fluid aspirate
= mono sodium urate crystals
29- About small intestine true is small intestine = 6-8meters long
30. Compression effects on esophagus by which organ enlargement = Left
Atrium ( as it’s the most posterior part of heart and lies almost over esophagus )
31. Prostatic carcinoma spread to skull bones through = Vertebral plexus
32. A Person wid malignant melanoma. Risk factor = Xeroderma pigmentosum
33.Apoptosis = cell shrinking
( if councelman body is mentioned in options then click that )
34.Open wound healing includes = myofibroblast
35.An obese man with h/o atherosclerosis underwent laparotomy due to bleeding
in abdomen n during surgery, his small gut was purple n sup mesenteric artry
was blocked , so what is dx =wet gangrene
36. Aortic aneurysm which structure not compressed = Phrenic nerve
37.regarding cimitidine intake what effect causes = inibition of hepatic enzymes
38.ewing sarcoma occurs which site of bone = diaphysis
39.K in diet is excreted in which part of nephron = distal tubules
(Note that, 67% of the filtered K is reabsorbed along proximal tubule , but Distal
tubules and collecting ducts either reabsorb or secrete K , depending on dietary
K intake, the excretion ranges from 1% to 110% . if both DCT and collecting
duct are present in options prefer, distal convoluted tubules)
40.after non-lethal MI in 4 minutes = arrhythmias
41.Adductor muscle hamstring muscle supplied by which nerve = tibial
42.a statistical test observed differences b/w 2 means been by chance = variance
43..max pressure in aorta during which phase = max during slow ejection phase
( while lowest in isovolumetric contraction)
44.remant of geburnaculum = Ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus
45.left renal vein relation to aorta = LRV is anterior
46.cause of thromboembolism = prolonged immobilization(most common)
47. commonest cause of shift of K from intracellular to extracellular = strenuous
exercise (releases K from skeletal muscle)
48. damage to medulla oblongata during hanging = odontoid
49. sternocleidomastoid causes = movement of head in opposite direction against
force(resistance)
50-platelets have life span of = 10 days
(note that platlets Count increases after spleenectomy the first effect we see after
Session 7 91
25.A female has goiter and she feels difficulty in breathing while lying down,
what type of goiter she has = retrosternal
26.A patient with enlarged parotid gland with pain in this region, which nerve is
carrying pain fibers from parotid gland = auriculotemporal nerve
27.A patient develops lesion in the caudate nucleus , what is the most common
clinical feature indicating this lesion = chorea
28.Regarding the vibration sense what is INCORRECT = its receptor is messner
corpuscle
29.Defect in the formation of bulbus cordis results in all of the following except =
ASD
30.A 40 weeks pregnancy lady has irregular uterine contractions, which drug
will be beneficial for this lady = oxytocin
31.A patient with aplastic anemia is given anti lymphocytic globulin, one week
later she developed skin rashes. Mechanism for this presentation is = type 3
hypersensitivity
32.Which of the following is the most common cause of osteoporosis except old
age = Cushing disease
33.A male patient with the antibody again FSH receptors which one will be lower
than normal I this person = sperm count
34.The most common site of fertilization ins human is = fallopian tube
35.Structure entering the thoracic inlet is = aorta
36.Needle inserted at the 5th intercostal space on the left side of sternum pierces =
intercostal muscle
37.Somatostatin decreases the secretion of which hormone = insulin
38.Gastric acid is stimulated by = Gastrin
39.Regarding SA node = automatically generates impulses,
40.During stretch in the skeletal muscle, which of the following change will occur
in nuclear bag fibers = they increase impulse generation
41.Pulmonary artery pressure increases in= hypoxia
42.Which of the following structure in the mouth is derived from ectoderm =
epithelium of the parotid gland
43.Oxygen level in the blood will decreases in = Hypoxic hypoxia
44.A 6 cm lump in the breast is removed, four lymph nodes and skin were
involved, biopsy decided invasive ductal carcinoma , this tumor is called high
grade because of = Pleomorphism
45.Diagnostic finding on investigation of metabolic alkalosis is = HCO3 more
than 24meq/liter
CPSP Demo 97
46.In a patient with sympathetic stimulation what will be the effect on his heart =
dec AV Nodal delay
47.What is the nerve supply of the tip of nose = ophthalmic
48.A patient old male has central retinal artery occlusion what could be the most
likely cause = embolism
49.A patient with recurrent epistaxis, lab investigations show decrease factor 2, 7
, 9 , 10 , protein c and s , what will be the most likely cause = vitamin k deficiency
50.Most common malignancy in person suffering from nuclear blast =
hematopoietic
51.In turner syndrome the genotype is = XO
52.Vertebreae are derived from= slcerotome
53.Regarding filliform papillae = they are present on the dorsum of the tongue
till the tip
54.A patient is unable to extend metacarpophalangeal joint , abduct and extend
his thumb, but intact sensation, which nerve is damaged = radial nerve
55.A young patient blood pressure is 150/95 his serum renin level is higher than
normal which one is the stimulus for higher renin = increase sympathetic
stimulation via renal nerves
56.Which one is the characteristic of IgM = it’s a largest molecule
57.A patient with chronic renal failure needs transplantation. For this reason
HLA matching is required , which is the best site for sample for HLA matching
= WBC
58.A young child has increase BP in upper limb while decrease BP in lower
limb, the pulse is also weak, what is the most probable diagnosis = Post ductal
coarctation of aorta
59.Penetrating injury in the 4th left intercostal space just lateral to the sternum
will damage, which one of the following structure first = intercostal membrane
60.Best pulmonary function test for asthma is = FEV1
61.Nerve injured in anterior dislocation of shoulder joint is = axillary
62.Presene of pancreatic tissue in the gastric mucosa is = choriostoma
63.Least common site for ectopic pregnancy is = ovary
64.Least chances of renal stone is associated with = hyperlipidemia
65.Which enzyme is released form small intestine = enterokinase
66.A patient has finger like projection on upper eyelid, histopathlogical reports
show epithelial cell along the fibrous element what is the most probable diagnosis
= papilloma
67.Parotid gland is supplied by = GVE
CPSP Demo 98