Tugas Besar Manajemen & Sumber Daya Air

DAFTAR ISI

Hal
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................... i
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... ii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1

1.1 Umum ............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Dasar-dasar Konstituante Tenaga Air ............................................. 1
1.3 Efisiensi () Redaman .................................................................... 4
1.4 Overal System Eficiently ................................................................ 6
1.5 Terjun .............................................................................................. 7
1.5.1 Terjun Bruto (Hbr) = gross Heat .......................................... 8
1.5.1 Terjun Netto (Hn) ................................................................. 8
1.5.1 Terjun Rencana (Hd) ............................................................ 9
1.5.1 Terjun Bruto (Hr).................................................................. 10
1.6 Menentukan D Ekonomis .............................................................. 11

BAB II PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................ 34

2.1 Perhitungan Saluran (Canal)........................................................... 34
2.1.1 Konstruksi dari Beton Bertulang .......................................... 34
2.1.2 Dimensi Penampang Saluran ................................................ 34
2.1.3 Kapasitas Saluran .................................................................. 34
2.1.4 Kehilangan Tenaga (Loss Head)........................................... 35
2.2 Perhitungan Saringan (Rack) .......................................................... 36
2.2.1 Kecepatan Pada Saat Masuk Saringan .................................. 36
2.2.2 Loss Head di Saringan .......................................................... 37
2.3 Perhitungan Saluran Udara Pada Pintu (Gate)................................ 38
2.3.1 Tinggi Air Pada Vena Contracta .......................................... 38
2.3.2 Bilangan Froud (Froud’s Number) ....................................... 38
2.3.3 Dimensi Saluran Udara ......................................................... 38
2.3.4 Kehilangan Tinggi Tenaga (Vent Loss) ................................ 39
Universitas Sangga Buana i
Fakultas Teknik
Jurusan Teknik Sipil, 2016
 Tugas Besar Manajemen & Sumber Daya Air

2.4 Perhitungan Tunnel ......................................................................... 39

2.4.1 Konstruksi Dari Beton Bertulang ......................................... 39
2.4.2 Loss Head Pada Tunnel ........................................................ 40
2.4.3 Gaya Yang Bekerja Pada Dinding Tunnel Tiap Meter

Panjang ................................................................................. 40
2.4.4 Dimensi Tulangan Dinding Tunnel ...................................... 40
2.4.5 Kontrol Tegangan yang Timbul ............................................ 41
2.5 Perhitungan Surge Tank .................................................................. 41
2.5.1 Luas Penampang Minimum Surge Tank .............................. 41
2.5.2 Diameter Surge Tank ............................................................ 41
2.5.3 Tinggi Kenaikan dan Penurunan Air Pada Surge Tank ........ 42
2.5.4 Waktu Getar (Time od Oscilation)........................................ 42
2.6 Perhitungan Penstock ...................................................................... 42
2.6.1 Diameter Penstock ................................................................ 42
2.6.2 Tebal Penstock ...................................................................... 42
2.6.3 Kehilangan Tinggi Tekan (HL) ............................................ 43
2.6.4 Tekanan Water Hammer ....................................................... 43
2.7 Perhitungan Diamter Inlet ............................................................... 43
2.7.1 Luas Penampang Inlet ........................................................... 43
2.7.2 Diameter Inlet ....................................................................... 43
2.8 Perhitungan PenstocPerhitungan Anchor Block pada
Belokan/Bendungan ........................................................................ 44
2.8.1 Diameter Penstock ................................................................ 44
2.8.2 Tebal Penstock ...................................................................... 44
2.8.3 Kehilangan Tinggi Tekan (HL) ............................................ 44
2.8.4 Tekanan Water Hammer ....................................................... 44
2.9 Perhitungan Tenaga Turbin............................................................. 45

BAB III PERHITUNGAN ................................................................................ 48

3.1 Perencanaan Jalan Air (Water Way) .............................................. 48

Universitas Sangga Buana ii

Fakultas Teknik
Jurusan Teknik Sipil, 2016
 Tugas Besar Manajemen & Sumber Daya Air

3.2 Pipa Pesat (Penstock) ..................................................................... 48

3.3 Turbin ............................................................................................. 49
3.4 Saluran Udara Pada Pintu .............................................................. 53
3.5 Bilangan Froud “Froud Number” .................................................. 56
3.6 Tunnel Dari Konstruksi.................................................................. 57
3.7 Perhitungan Surge Tank ................................................................. 58
3.8 Kekuatan atau Tekanan Water Hammer ........................................ 60
3.9 Perhitungan Diameter Inlet ............................................................ 62
3.10 Perhitungan Anchor Block Pada Belokan atau Bendungan .......... 63
3.11 Kontrol Tegangan yang Terjadi pada Anchor .............................. 64

BAB IV KESIMPULAN ................................................................................... 65

4.1 Jalan Air ......................................................................................... 65
4.2 Pipa Pesat (Penstock) ..................................................................... 65
4.3 Turbin ............................................................................................. 65
4.4 Tunnel ............................................................................................ 65
4.5 Surge Tank ..................................................................................... 66
4.6 Transhrach...................................................................................... 66
4.7 Tekanan Water Hammer ................................................................ 66
4.8 Inlet ................................................................................................ 66
4.9 Anchor Block ................................................................................. 66
4.10 Kontrol Tegangan Pada Anchor Block ......................................... 66

Universitas Sangga Buana iii

Fakultas Teknik
Jurusan Teknik Sipil, 2016