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CRITICAL

APPROACHES TO
LITERATURES

Reader-Response Formalist Criticism: Psychological Criticism: Biological Approach: New Historicism Mythological/Archetyp
form of a literary work, Sociological Criticism:
Criticism: lies with how revelation of author's take an author's life into Approach: every literary al: model or pattern
its elements, and how mind and personality social contexts must be
the reader responds to account when sudying a work is a product of its from which all other
they work to create based on Sigmund
considered in analyzing
it text time and world things of similar nature
meaning Freud a text
are made

view literature as part


+ different people view Feminist Approach: looking for the author's story constructs
Text is an independent focuses on the hidden Marxist Criticism: of history and
works differently and concerned with the role, influence meaning in the human
entity motivations of literary economic and social expression of forces
their interpretations characters position, and influence existence through
conditions
change over time of women in a literary archetypes
text.

examining author's life = dynamic circle: work


Analysis of the effects of most frequently applies based on the political deeper understanding tells us something about
- subjective and does of his/her writing Collective Unconscious:
literary elements and Freudian Psychology theory of Karl Marx and asserts that most the surrounding
not provide adequate basic experiences that
techniques on the text Friedrich Engels “literature” throughout ideology and that
criteria are inherent in the
time has been written ideology tells us
something about the human psyche
by men, for men
work
What Governs Human role of power, politics, facts about author's
+ performed without Behavior: Id: the animal and money in literary experience help a
much research, value of nature; Ego: reality- texts examines the way that reader decide how to evokes a similar
literature apart from its based part of the female interpret a text response in people,
two forms: analysis of
context, virtually all personality; Superego: consciousness is the work in the context regardless of culture
critical approaches must socialized conscience depicted by both male in which it was created,
begin here and female writers. critically evaluated
Materialism: ultimate
driving force in history better appreciation by concerned with
Oedipus Complex: knowing a writer's
emotions that arouse on enduring patterns and
- text is in isolation, struggles in creating how they are reflected
a male child, that text background data to
ignores the context of in literature
unconscious sexual understand how literary
the work, cannot
desire for the parent of texts were perceived in
account for allusions
the opposite sex time

understand a writer's
pre-occupation by + universalistic
studying the way they approach, why certain
Elektra Complex: reflect ideas & literature may survive
manifested in female apply their own life
experiences in their attitudes, compare the the test of time
child language in
works
contemporary
documents

+ understand character + works well with texts


development that are highly symbolic

- literature may become


- can turn a work into a a vehicle for archetypes,
psychological case study can easily be a list of
symbols without
analysis

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