Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 12th Ed PDF

IV
UNIT
4JSLVMBTJ
14. lkhtisar Sirkulasi; Biofisik Tekanan, Aliran,
dan Tahanan
15. Distensibilitas Vaskular serta Fungsi
Sistem Vena dan Arteri
16. Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Limfatik:
Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan
Interstitial, dan Aliran Limfe
17. Pengendalian Lokal dan Humoral Aliran
Darah Jaringan
18. Pengaturan Sirkulasi oleh Saraf, dan
Pengendalian Cepat Tekanan Arteri
19. Peran Ginjal dalam Pengaturan Tekanan
Arteri Jangka Panjang dan Hipertensi:
Sistem Terintegrasi Pengaturan Tekanan
Arteri
20. Curah Jantung, Aliran Batik Vena, dan
Pengaturannya
21. Aliran Darah Otot dan Curah Jantung
Selama Kerja Fisik; Sirkulasi Koroner dan
Penyakit Jantung lskemik
22. Gagal Jantung
23. Katup Jantung dan Bunyi Jantung;
Kelainan Katup dan Jantung Bawaan
24. Syok Sirkulasi dan Pengobatannya
Halaman ini sengaja dikosongkan
BAB 14
UNIT IV
*LIUJTBS4JSLVMBTJ#JPGJTJL
5FLBOBO "MJSBO EBO5BIBOBO
'VOHTJ TJSLVMBTJ BEBMBI BSUFSJEBO CFSGVOHTJTFCBHBJ TBMVSBO LFOEBMJ VOUVL NFOFOUVLBO

VOUVL NFNFOVIJ LFCVUVIBO EBOCFSGVOHTJTFCBHBJTBMVSBOLFOEBMJVOUVLNFOFOUVLBOEBSBI
KBSJOHBO UVCVI VOUVL ZBOHBLBOEJMFQBTLBOLFLBQJMFS"SUFSJPMNFNJMJLJEJOEJOHPUPU
NFOUSBOTQPS[BUNBLBOBOLF ZBOH LVBU TFIJOHHB EBQBU NFOVUVQ BSUFSJPM TFDBSB UPUBM BUBV
KBSJOHBO UVCVI VOUVL EFOHBO CFSFMBLTBTJ EBQBU NFOEJMBUBTJ QFNCVMVI IJOHHB
NFOUSBOTQPSQSPEVLQSPEVL CFCFSBQB LBMJ MJQBU TFIJOHHB NFNQVOZBJ LFNBNQVBO CFTBS
TJTB NFUBCPMJTNF LFMVBS VOUVL NFOUSBOTQPS IPSNPO EBSJ TBUV VOUVL NFOHVCBI BMJSBO EBSBI EJ UJBQ KBSJOHBO TFCBHBJ SFTQPOT
CBHJBOUVCVILFCBHJBOUVCVIZBOHMBJO EBOTFDBSBVNVN VOUVL UFSIBEBQLFCVUVIBOOZB
'VOHTJLBQJMFSBEBMBIVOUVLQFSUVLBSBODBJSBO [BUNBLBOBO
NFNQFSUBIBOLBOMJOHLVOHBOZBOHTFTVBJEJEBMBNTFMVSVIDBJSBO FMFLUSPMJU IPSNPO EBO CBIBOCBIBO MBJOOZB BOUBSB EBSBI EBO
KBSJOHBO UVCVI BHBS TFM CJTB CFSUBIBO IJEVQ EBO CFSGVOHTJ TFDBSB DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM 6OUVL EBQBU NFMBLVLBO QFSBO JOJ EJOEJOH
PQUJNBM LBQJMFS CFSTJGBU TBOHBU UJQJT EBO NFNJMJLJ CBOZBL QPSJQPSJ
,FDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI ZBOH NFMFXBUJ TFCBHJBO CFTBS
LBQJMFS LFDJM ZBOH QFSNFBCFM UFSIBEBQ BJS EBO [BU CFSNPMFLVM
KBSJOHBO EJLFOEBMJLBO UFSVUBNB TFCBHBJ SFTQPOT UFSIBEBQ
LFDJMMBJOOZB
LFCVUVIBO KBSJOHBO UFSIBEBQ [BU NBLBOBO 1BEB CFCFSBQB
7FOVMB NFOHVNQVMLBO EBSBI EBSJ LBQJMFS EBO TFDBSB
PSHBO TFQFSUJ HJOKBM TJSLVMBTJ NFOZFEJBLBO GVOHTJ UBNCBIBO
CFSUBIBQCFSHBCVOHNFOKBEJWFOBZBOHTFNBLJOCFTBS
"MJSBO EBSBI LF HJOKBM NJTBMOZB KBVI NFMFCJIJ LFCVUVIBO
7FOBCFSGVOHTJTFCBHBJTBMVSBOVOUVLNFOHBOHLVUEBSBIEBO
NFUBCPMJTNFOZB EBO EJLBJULBO EFOHBO GVOHTJ FLTLSFTJ ZBOH
WFOVMB LFNCBMJ LF KBOUVOH TBNB QFOUJOHOZB WFOB CFSQFSBO
NFOVOUVUWPMVNFEBSBIZBOHCFTBSVOUVLEJGJMUSBTJTFUJBQNFOJU
TFCBHBJQFOBNQVOHVUBNBEBSBIFLTUSB0MFILBSFOBUFLBOBOEJ
+BOUVOHEBOQFNCVMVIEBSBITFMBOKVUOZBEJLFOEBMJLBOVOUVL
TJTUFNWFOBTBOHBUSFOEBI EJOEJOHWFOBTBOHBUUJQJT.FTLJQVO
NFNFOVIJ DVSBI KBOUVOH EBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ ZBOH TFTVBJ BHBS
EFNJLJBO EJOEJOHOZBNFNQVOZBJPUPUZBOHDVLVQVOUVLEBQBU
BMJSBO EBSBI NFOHBMJS EJ KBSJOHBO TFTVBJ EFOHBO KVNMBI ZBOH
CFSLPOUSBLTJBUBVNFMFCBS EBOEFOHBOEFNJLJBOEBQBUCFSQFSBO
EJCVUVILBO .FLBOJTNF BQB TBKB ZBOH EJHVOBLBO VOUVL
TFCBHBJ QFOBNQVOH EBSBI FLTUSB ZBOH EBQBU EJLFOEBMJLBO CBJL
QFOHBUVSBO WPMVNF EBSBI EBO BMJSBO EBSBI EBO CBHBJNBOB
EBMBN KVNMBI LFDJM BUBV CFTBS CFSHBOUVOH QBEB LFCVUVIBO
IVCVOHBO IBM JOJ EFOHBO TFMVSVI GVOHTJ TJSLVMBTJ MBJOOZB
TJSLVMBTJ
#FSJLVUBEBMBICFCFSBQBCBIBTBOEBOQFSUBOZBBOZBOHBLBOLJUB
EJTLVTJLBOEJCBCJOJNFOHFOBJTJSLVMBTJ Volume Darah di Berbagai Bagian Sirkulasi.
(BNCBS NFNCFSJLBO JLIUJTBS NFOHFOBJ TJSLVMBTJ EBO
Karakteristik Fisik Sirkulasi EBGUBS QFSTFOUBTF WPMVNF EBSBI UPUBM EJ CBHJBO VUBNB TJSLVMBTJ
4FCBHBJDPOUPI TFLJUBSQFSTFOEBSJTFMVSVIWPMVNFEBSBIEJ
EBMBN UVCVI UFSEBQBU EJ TJSLVMBTJ TJTUFNJL EBO QFSTFO EJ
4JSLVMBTJ EJQFSMJIBULBO QBEB (BNCBS EJCBHJ NFOKBEJ
EBMBNKBOUVOHEBOQBSV%BSJQFSTFOEJTJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJL
TJSLVMBTJ TJTUFNJL EBO TJSLVMBTJ QBSV 0MFI LBSFOB TJSLVMBTJ
QFSTFOOZB EJ WFOB QFSTFO EJ BSUFSJ EBO QFSTFO EJ BSUFSJPM
TJTUFNJL NFOZVQMBJ BMJSBO EBSBI LF TFMVSVI KBSJOHBO UVCVI
TJTUFNJL EBO LBQJMFS +BOUVOH NFOHBOEVOH QFSTFO EBSBI
LFDVBMJ QBSV EBQBU KVHB EJTFCVU TJSLVMBTJ CFTBS BUBV TJSLVMBTJ
TFEBOHLBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIQBSVNFOHBOEVOHQFSTFO
QFSJGFS
)BM ZBOH TBOHBU NFOHIFSBOLBO BEBMBI SFOEBIOZB WPMVNF
#BHJBO 'VOHTJPOBM 4JSLVMBTJ 4FCFMVN NFNCBIBT GVOHTJ EBSBI EJ LBQJMFS 1BEBIBM EJ TJOJMBI UFSKBEJOZB GVOHTJ ZBOH
TJSLVMBTJ TFDBSB MFCJI EFUBJM UFSMFCJI EBIVMV IBSVT EJQBIBNJ QBMJOH QFOUJOH EBSJ TJSLVMBTJ ZBJUV [BU[BU CFSEJGVTJ LFMVBS EBO
QFSBOTFUJBQCBHJBOTJSLVMBTJ NBTVL BOUBSB EBSBI EBO KBSJOHBO 'VOHTJ JOJ BLBO EJCJDBSBLBO
'VOHTJBSUFSJBEBMBIVOUVLNFOUSBOTQPSEBSBILFKBSJOHBOEJ TFDBSBMFCJIEFUBJMQBEB#BC
CBXBI UFLBOBO ZBOH UJOHHJ 0MFI LBSFOB BMBTBO JOJMBI BSUFSJ
Luas Penampang dan Kecepatan Aliran Darah.
NFNQVOZBJ EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI EBSBI ZBOH LVBU EBO EBSBI #JMB TFNVB QFNCVMVI TJTUFNJL EBSJ NBTJOHNBTJOH KFOJT
NFOHBMJSEFOHBOLFDFQBUBOUJOHHJEJBSUFSJ EJKBKBSLBO SBUBSBUB MVBT QFOBNQBOH UPUBMOZB QBEB NBOVTJB
"SUFSJPMNFSVQBLBODBCBOHDBCBOHLFDJMUFSBLIJSTJTUFN BLBONFOKBEJTFCBHBJCFSJLVU
157
Unit IV Sirkulasi
r ula aru- ZBOH TJOHLBU JOJ NFSVQBLBO GBLUB ZBOH NFOHIFSBOLBO

NFOHJOHBU TFNVB EJGVTJ [BU NBLBOBO EBO FMFLUSPMJU NFMBMVJ
EJOEJOHLBQJMFSIBSVTUFSKBEJEBMBNXBLUVTJOHLBUUFSTFCVU
Tekanan di Berbagai Bagian Sirkulasi.

0MFI LBSFOB KBOUVOH NFNPNQB EBSBI TFDBSB LPOUJOV LF EBMBN
ena orta BPSUB UFLBOBO SBUBSBUB EJ BPSUB NFOKBEJ UJOHHJ SBUBSBUB
ava TFLJUBS NN )H %FNJLJBO KVHB LBSFOB QFNPNQBBO PMFI
superior
KBOUVOHCFSTJGBUQVMTBUJM UFLBOBOBSUFSJCFSHBOUJHBOUJBOUBSBOJMBJ
UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL NN )H EBO OJMBJ UFLBOBO EJBTUPMJL NN
an un -
)H TFQFSUJUFSMJIBUQBEBTJTJLJSJEBMBN(BNCBS
4FMBNBEBSBINFOHBMJSNFMBMVJTJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJL UFLBOBOSBUB
SBUB NFOVSVO TFDBSB QSPHSFTJG TBNQBJ LJSBLJSB NN )H QBEB
ena XBLUV NFODBQBJ VKVOH WFOB DBWB ZBOH NFSVQBLBO UFNQBU
ava Systemic NFOHPTPOHLBOEBSBILFEBMBNBUSJVNLBOBOKBOUVOH
in erior vessels rteri-
5FLBOBOEBMBNLBQJMFSTJTUFNJLCFSWBSJBTJEBSJTFUJOHHJNN
)H EJ EFLBU VKVOH BSUFSJPM TBNQBJ TFSFOEBI NN )H EJ EFLBU
rteriol
r ula dan VKVOHWFOB UFUBQJUFLBOBOGVOHTJPOBMSBUBSBUBOZBQBEBTFCBHJBO
em - kapiler- % CFTBS QFNCVMVI EBSBI BEBMBI NN )H NFSVQBLBO UFLBOBO
ZBOH DVLVQ SFOEBI TFIJOHHB IBOZB TFEJLJU QMBTNB BLBO CPDPS
LFMVBS EBSJ QPSJQPSJ LFDJM EJ EJOEJOH LBQJMFS XBMBVQVO [BU
NBLBOBO EBQBU CFSEJGVTJ EFOHBO NVEBI NFMBMVJ QPSJQPSJ ZBOH
ena venula TBNBLFTFMTFMKBSJOHBOZBOHMFCJIKBVI
dan sinus 1FSIBUJLBOQBEBTJTJLBOBO(BNCBS ZBOHNFNQFSMJIBULBO
venosus-
UFLBOBOCFSVSVUBOQBEBCFSCBHBJCBHJBOTJSLVMBTJQBSV1BEBBSUFSJ
QVMNPOBMJT UFLBOBO CFSTJGBU QVMTBUJM TBNB TFQFSUJ QBEB BPSUB
Gambar1 -1 istribusi dara dalam persentase dari UFUBQJ UFLBOBOOZB KBVI MFCJI SFOEBI UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL BSUFSJ
dara total pada berbagai bagian sistem sirkulasi QVMNPOBMJT SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS NN )H EBO UFLBOBO EJBTUPMJL
NN)H EFOHBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJQVMNPOBMJTSBUBSBUBIBOZBNN
)H 5FLBOBO LBQJMFS QBSV SBUBSBUB IBOZB TFLJUBS NN )H
5FSOZBUB UPUBM BMJSBO EBSBI NFMBMVJ QBSV TFUJBQ NFOJUOZB TBNB
Pembuluh Luas penampang (cm2) EFOHBOZBOHNFMBMVJTJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJL5FLBOBOSFOEBIEJTJTUFN
Aorta 2.5 QBSV TFTVBJ EFOHBO LFCVUVIBO QBSV LBSFOB ZBOH EJQFSMVLBO
Arteri kecil 20 IBOZBBHBSEBSBIEJLBQJMFSQBSVUFSQBKBOEFOHBOPLTJHFOEBOHBT
Arteriol 40 HBTMBJOEBMBNBMWFPMJQBSV
Kapiler 2500
VenuLa 250
Vena kecil 80 Prinsip Dasar Fungsi Sirkulasi
Vena kecil 8
8BMBVQVO QFSJODJBO GVOHTJ TJSLVMBTJ CFSTJGBU LPNQMFLT UFSEBQBU

5FSVUBNB QFSIBUJLBO CBIXB MVBT QFOBNQBOH WFOB KBVI UJHBQSJOTJQEBTBSZBOHNFOEBTBSJLFTFMVSVIBOGVOHTJEBSJTJTUFN
MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB BSUFSJ SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS FNQBU LBMJ EBSJ 1. ,FDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI LF TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO UVCVI IBNQJS
BSUFSJ ZBOH TFQBEBO )BM JOJ NFOKFMBTLBO LBQBTJUBT TFMBMV EJLFOEBMJLBO TFTVBJ EFOHBO LFCVUVIBO KBSJOHBO #JMB
QFOZJNQBOBO EBSBI ZBOH MFCJI CFTBS EJ TJTUFN WFOB KBSJOHBO NFOKBEJ BLUJG KBSJOHBO JOJ NFNCVUVILBO KBVI MFCJI
EJCBOEJOHLBOEFOHBOEJTJTUFNBSUFSJ CBOZBL TVQMBJ [BU NBLBOBO EBO PMFI LBSFOB JUV BMJSBO EBSBI
0MFI LBSFOB TFKVNMBI WPMVNF BMJSBO EBSBI GMPX '
ZBOH BLBO MFCJI CBOZBL CJMB EJCBOEJOHLBO QBEB LFBEBBO JTUJSBIBU
TBNB IBSVT NFMFXBUJ TFUJBQ CBHJBO TJSLVMBTJ EBMBN TFUJBQ LBEBOHLBEBOH IJOHHB TBNQBJ LBMJ OJMBJ JTUJSBIBUOZB
NFOJUOZB LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI WFMPDJUZ W
CFSCBOEJOH /BNVO KBOUVOH OPSNBMOZB UJEBL EBQBU NFOJOHLBULBO DVSBI
UFSCBMJL EFOHBO MVBT QFOBNQBOH QFNCVMVI EBSBI DSPTT KBOUVOHOZBMFCJIEBSJFNQBUTBNQBJUVKVILBMJMFCJICFTBSEBSJ
TFDUJPOBMBSFB"
OJMBJ JTUJSBIBU 0MFI TFCBC JUV TBOHBU UJEBL NVOHLJO VOUVL
v = F/A NFOJOHLBULBO BMJSBO EBSBI EJ TFMVSVI CBHJBO UVCVI LFUJLB
%FOHBO EFNJLJBO QBEB LFBEBBO JTUJSBIBU LFDFQBUBO SBUB KBSJOHBOUFSUFOUVNFNCVUVILBOQFOJOHLBUBOBMJSBO4FCBMJLOZB
SBUB TFLJUBS DNEFUJL EJ BPSUB UFUBQJ IBOZB QFNCVMVI NJLSP TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO UFSVTNFOFSVT NFOHBXBTJ
LFDFQBUBOOZB EJ LBQJMFS TFLJUBS NNEFUJL "LBO UFUBQJ LFCVUVIBO KBSJOHBO TFQFSUJ UFSTFEJBOZB PLTJHFO EBO [BU
LBSFOB LBQJMFS NFNQVOZBJ QBOKBOH IBOZB TBNQBJ NN NBLBOBO MBJO TFSUB BLVNVMBTJ LBSCPO EJPLTJEB EBO QSPEVL
EBSBIIBOZBCFSBEBEJLBQJMFSTFMBNBTBNQBJEFUJL8BLUV QSPEVLCVBOHBOMBJOOZB EBOIBMJOJMBIZBOHLFNVEJBO
158
Bab 14 Ikhtisar Sirkulasi; Biofisik Tekanan, Aliran, dan Tahanan
120
rteri pulmonalis
ena pulmonalis
100
ena besar
Pressure (mm Hg)
ena ava
ena ke il
UNIT IV
80
apiler
rteriol
apiler
enula
enula
60
40
rteri besar
rteri ke il
rteriol
orta
20
0
0 Sistemik Paru-paru
Gambar 1 - ekanan dara normal di berbagai bagian sistem sirkulasi pada orang ang sedang berbaring dalam posisi
ori ontal
NFOHBUVS BMJSBO EBSBI TFUFNQBU TFDBSB MBOHTVOH EFOHBO NVMBJ NFNCBIBT QFSJODJBO EBTBS QFOBUBMBLTBOBBO BMJSBO EBSBI
CFSEJMBUBTJ BUBV CFSLPOUSBLTJ VOUVL NFOHFOEBMJLBO BMJSBO KBSJOHBO TFSUBQFOHFOEBMJBODVSBIKBOUVOHEBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJ
EBSBI TFUFNQBU TFDBSB UFQBU IJOHHB NFODBQBJ OJMBJ ZBOH
EJQFSMVLBO VOUVL BLUJWJUBT KBSJOHBO 4FMBJO JUV
QFOHFOEBMJBO TBSBG UFSIBEBQ TJSLVMBTJ EBSJ TJTUFN TBSBG
QVTBU CFTFSUB IPSNPO NFNCFSJLBO CBOUVBO UBNCBIBO Hubungan Timbal Balik antara Tekanan,
EBMBNQFOHFOEBMJBOBMJSBOEBSBIKBSJOHBO Aliran, dan Tahanan
2. $VSBI KBOUVOH UFSVUBNB EJLFOEBMJLBO PMFI QFOKVNMBIBO
QFOKVNMBIBO TFMVSVI BMJSBO EBSBI TFUFNQBU #JMB EBSBI "MJSBO EBSBI NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI EBSBI EJUFOUVLBO PMFI EVB
NFOHBMJSEJKBSJOHBO EBSBIJOJBLBOTFHFSBLFNCBMJNFMBMVJ GBLUPS
QFSCFEBBO UFLBOBO EBSBI EJ BOUBSB LFEVB VKVOH
WFOB LF KBOUVOH +BOUVOH CFSFTQPOT TFDBSB PUPNBUJT QFNCVMVI LBEBOHLBEBOH KVHB EJTFCVU HSBEJFO UFLBOBO EJ
UFSIBEBQ QFOJOHLBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI JOJ EFOHBO TFHFSB TFQBOKBOH QFNCVMVI EBSBI ZBJUV EBZB ZBOH NFOEPSPOH EBSBI
NFNPNQB EBSBI LFNCBMJ LF BSUFSJ +BEJ KBOUVOH CFLFSKB NFMBMVJQFNCVMVI EBO
SJOUBOHBOUFSIBEBQBMJSBOEBSBIZBOH
TFCBHBJNFTJOPUPNBUJT EFOHBODBSBNFSFTQPOTLFCVUVIBO NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI EJTFCVU SF QFNCVMVI EBSBI (BNCBS
KBSJHBO /BNVO EFNJLJBO KBOUVOH TFSJOH LBMJ NFNFSMVLBO NFOHHBNCBSLBOIVCVOHBOJOJ UFSMJIBUCBHJBOQFNCVMVIEBSBI
CBOUVBO EBMBN CFOUVL TJOZBM TBSBG LIVTVT BHBS EBQBU ZBOHEBQBUUFSMFUBLEJCBHJBONBOBQVOEBMBNTJTUFNTJSLVMBTJ
NFNPNQB EBSBI TFTVBJ EFOHBO KVNMBI BMJSBO EBSBI ZBOH
EJCVUVILBO 1 NFXBLJMJ UFLBOBO QBEB QFSNVMBBO QFNCVMVI QBEB VKVOH
3. 1BEB VNVNOZB UFLBOBO BSUFSJ EJBUVS TFDBSB NBOEJSJ ZBOHMBJOUFLBOBOOZBBEBMBI15BIBOBOUFSKBEJLBSFOBHFTFLBO
CBJL NFMBMVJ QFOHFOEBMJBO BMJSBO EBSBI TFUFNQBU BUBV BOUBSB BMJSBO EBSBI EBO FOEPUFM EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVI EBSBI EJ
QFOHFOEBMJBO DVSBI KBOUVOH 4JTUFN TJSLVMBTJ EJMFOHLBQJ TFQBOKBOH CBHJBO EBMBN QFNCVMVI "MJSBO NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI
EFOHBO TJTUFN QFOHFOEBMJBO ZBOH MVBT UFSIBEBQ UFLBOBO EBQBU EJIJUVOH EFOHBO SVNVT CFSJLVU ZBOH EJTFCVU )VLVN
EBSBIBSUFSJ4FCBHBJDPOUPI KJLBQBEBTBBUUFSUFOUVUFLBOBO 0IN
NFOKBEJ TBOHBU NFOVSVO EJ CBXBI OJMBJ OPSNBMOZB TFLJUBS DP
F=
NN)H EBMBNXBLUVCFCFSBQBEFUJLTFSFOUFUBOSFGMFLT R
TBSBG BLBO NFOJNCVMLBO TFSBOHLBJBO QFSVCBIBO TJSLVMBTJ 'BEBMBIBMJSBOEBSBI, $P BEBMBIQFSCFEBBOUFLBOBO (P1 − P 2)
VOUVL NFOJOHLBULBO UFLBOBO LFNCBMJ NFOVKV OPSNBM BOUBSB LFEVB VKVOH QFNCVMVI EBO 3 BEBMBI UBIBOBO 3VNVT
4JOZBMTJOZBM TBSBG JOJ UFSVUBNB B
NFOJOHLBULBO EBZB JOJ NFOZBUBLBO CBIXB BMJSBO EBSBI CFSCBOEJOH MVSVT EFOHBO
QFNPNQBBO KBOUVOH C
NFOZFCBCLBO LPOUSBLTJ QBEB QFSCFEBBOUFLBOBOUFUBQJCFSCBOEJOHUFSCBMJLEFOHBOUBIBOBO
TJTUFN WFOB QFOBNQVOH CFTBS BHBS NFOZFEJBLBO MFCJI
CBOZBLEBSBICBHJKBOUVOH EBO D
NFOZFCBCLBOLPOTUSJLTJ
VNVN QBEB TFCBHJBO CFTBS BSUFSJPM EJ TFMVSVI UVCVI
TFIJOHHB MFCJI CBOZBL EBSBI UFSBLVNVMBTJ EJ EBMBN BSUFSJ
BSUFSJCFTBSVOUVLNFOJOHLBULBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJ,FNVEJBO P1
Gradien tekanan
P2
EBMBN KBOHLB XBLUV MFCJI MBNB CFCFSBQB KBN EBO CFSIBSJ Aliran darah
IBSJ HJOKBM NFNBJOLBO QFSBO VUBNB UBNCBIBO EBMBN
QFOHBUVSBOUFLBOBO CBJLEFOHBONFOZFLSFTJIPSNPOZBOH Tahanan
NFOHBUVSUFLBOBONBVQVOEFOHBONFOHBUVSWPMVNFEBSBI Gambar 1 - ubungan timbal batik antara tekanan
+BEJ LFTJNQVMBOOZB LFCVUVIBO TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO EJTFEJBLBO ta anan dan aliran dara
TFDBSBLIVTVTPMFITJSLVMBTJ4FMBOKVUOZBQBEBCBCJOJ LJUBBLBO
159
Unit IV Sirkulasi
1FSIBUJLBOCBIXBQFSCFEBBOUFLBOBOBOUBSBLFEVBVKVOH 1FOHVLVS"MJSBO&MFLUSPNBHOFUJL4BMBITBUVBMBUZBOHQBMJOH
QFNCVMVIMBI ZBOH NFOFOUVLBO LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO CVLBO QFOUJOHVOUVLNFOHVLVSBMJSBOEBSBIUBOQBNFNCVLBQFNCVMVI
UFLBOBO BCTPMVU EBMBN QFNCVMVI 4FCBHBJ DPOUPI CJMB BEBMBIQFOHVLVSBMJSBOFMFLUSPNBHOFUJL QSJOTJQOZBEJJMVTUSBTJLBO
UFLBOBO QBEB LFEVB VKVOH QFNCVMVI BEBMBI NN )H QBEB(BNCBS(BNCBS"NFNQFSMJIBULBOQFNCFOUVLBO
TFIJOHHBUJEBLBEBQFSCFEBBOUFLBOBOEJBOUBSBLFEVBVKVOH EBZB FMFLUSPNPUJG WPMUBTF MJTUSJL
QBEB TFCVBI LBXBU ZBOH
QFNCVMVIUFSTFCVU UJEBLBLBOBEBBMJSBONFTLJQVOUFSEBQBU EJHFSBLLBO TFDBSB DFQBU NFMJOUBTJ TVBUV MBQBOHBO NBHOFUJL *OJ
UFLBOBOTFCFTBSNN)H BEBMBI QSJOTJQ ZBOH UFMBI EJLFOBM VOUVL NFOHIBTJMLBO MJTUSJL
NFMBMVJ HFOFSBUPS MJTUSJL (BNCBS # NFOHHBNCBSLBO CBIXB
)VLVN 0IN TFQFSUJ EJJMVTUSBTJLBO QBEB 1FSTBNBBO
QSJOTJQZBOHTBNBCFSMBLVVOUVLQFNCFOUVLBOEBZBFMFLUSPNPUJG
NFOZBUBLBO IBM ZBOH QBMJOH QFOUJOH EBSJ IVCVOHBO
EBMBN EBSBI ZBOH CFSHFSBL NFMFXBUJ MBQBOHBO NBHOFUJL %BMBN
LFTFMVSVIBOOZB ZBOH QFSMV EJNFOHFSUJ QFNCBDB BHBS EBQBU
IBMJOJ QFNCVMVIEBSBIEJMFUBLLBOEJBOUBSBLFEVBLVUVCNBHOFU
NFNBIBNJ IFNPEJOBNJLB TJSLVMBTJ .FOHJOHBU TBOHBU
ZBOH LVBU EBO FMFLUSPEBFMFLUSPEB EJMFUBLLBO QBEB LFEVB TJTJ
QFOUJOHOZB SVNVT JOJ QFNCBDB KVHB IBSVT NFOHFUBIVJ LFEVB
QFNCVMVI UFHBL MVSVT UFSIBEBQ HBSJT EBZB NBHOFUJL #JMB EBSBI
CFOUVLBMKBCBSMBJOOZB
NFOHBMJSNFMBMVJQFNCVMVI WPMUBTFMJTUSJLBLBOTFCBOEJOHEFOHBO
DP = F R LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI ZBOH EJUJNCVMLBO EJ BOUBSB LFEVB
DP FMFLUSPEB EBO EJDBUBU NFNBLBJ BMBU QFOHVLVS FMFLUSPOJL BUBV
R= WPMUNFUFS ZBOH TFTVBJ (BNCBS $ NFNQFSMJIBULBO
F
QSPCF TBUFMJU
TVOHHVIBOZBOHEJMFUBLLBOQBEBQFNCVMVIEBSBI
l ran ara CFTBS VOUVL NFOHVLVS BMJSBO EBSBIOZB 1SPCF JOJ CFSJTJ NBHOFU
"MJSBO EBSBI CFSBSUJ KVNMBI EBSBI ZBOH NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ LVBUEBOFMFLUSPEBFMFLUSPEB
TVBUVUJUJLUFSUFOUVEJTJSLVMBTJEBMBNQFSJPEFXBLUVUFSUFOUV 4VBUV LFVOUVOHBO LIVTVT EBSJ QFOHVLVS BMJSBO
#JBTBOZB BMJSBO EBSBI EJOZBUBLBO EBMBN NJMJMJUFS QFS NFOJU FMFLUSPNBHOFUJL JBMBI EBQBU NFODBUBU QFSVCBIBO BMJSBO EBMBN
BUBV MJUFS QFS NFOJU UFUBQJ EBQBU KVHB EJOZBUBLBO EBMBN XBLUV LVSBOH EBSJ EFUJL NFNVOHLJOLBO QFODBUBUBO
NJMJMJUFS QFS EFUJL BUBV TFUJBQ TBUVBO BMJSBO MBJOOZB EBO QFSVCBIBOBMJSBOZBOHUVSVOOBJLEBOBMJSBOZBOHLPOUJOV TFDBSB
XBLUV BLVSBU
4FDBSB LFTFMVSVIBO BMJSBO EBSBI QBEB TJSLVMBTJ UPUBM PSBOH 1FOHVLVS "MJSBO %PQQMFS 6MUSBTPOJL 5JQF QFOHVLVS BMJSBO
EFXBTBEBMBNLFBEBBOJTUJSBIBUBEBMBITFLJUBSNMNFOJU MBJOOZB ZBOH EBQBU EJQBTBOH EJ MVBS QFNCVMVI EBO NFNQVOZBJ
"MJSBO EBSBI JOJ EJTFCVU DVSBI KBOUVOH LBSFOB NFSVQBLBO CBOZBL LFVOUVOHBO TFSVQB EFOHBO QFOHVLVS BMJSBO
KVNMBI EBSBI ZBOH EJQPNQB LF BPSUB PMFI KBOUVOH TFUJBQ FMFLUSPNBHOFUJL BEBMBI QFOHVLVS BMJSBO %PQQMFS VMUSBTPOJL
NFOJUOZB TFQFSUJUFSMJIBUQBEB(BNCBS4VBUVLSJTUBMQJF[PFMFLUSJLZBOH
.FUPEF VOUVL 1FOHVLVSBO "MJSBO %BSBI 4FKVNMBI BMBU TBOHBU LFDJM EJQBTBOH EJ TBMBI TBUV VKVOH EJOEJOH BMBU UFSTFCVU
NFLBOJL BUBV FMFLUSPNFLBOJL EBQBU EJQBTBOH CFSBOHLBJ ,SJTUBM JOJ CJMB EJCFSJLBO FOFSHJ EFOHBO BMBU FMFLUSPOJL ZBOH
EFOHBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI BUBV QBEB CFCFSBQB LFBEBBO TFTVBJ BLBO NFOHJSJNLBO TVBSB VMUSBTPOJL EFOHBO GSFLVFOTJ CFC
EJMFUBLLBO EJ MVBS QFNCVMVI EBSBI VOUVL NFOHVLVS BMJSBO FSBQB SBUVT SJCV TJLMVT QFS EFUJL LF BSBI CBXBI NFOHJLVUJ BMJSBO
"MBUBMBUJUVEJTFCVUQFOHVLVSBMJSBO GMPXNFUFS
EBSBI4FCBHJBOTVBSBEJQBOUVMLBOPMFITFMTFMEBSBINFSBIZBOH

0 0
N S N S

A B
C
Gambar 1 - Pengukur aliran tipe elektromagnetik memperli atkan pembentukan voltase listrik dalam ka at se aktu melintasi
lapangan elektromagnetik pembentukan voltase listrik di elektroda pada pembulu dara ketika pembulu diletakkan dalam
lapangan magnetik ang kuat dan dara mengalir melalui pembulu dan suatu probe pengukur aliran elektromagnetik
moderen ang ditempatkan dalam jangka aktu lama melingkari pembulu dara
160
Bab 14 Ikhtisar Sirkulasi; Biofisik Tekanan, Aliran, dan Tahanan
ristal
UNIT IV
Gelombang ang Gelombang ang
dipan arkan dipantulkan
Gambar 1 - Pengukur aliran oppler ultrasonik
NFOHBMJS (FMPNCBOH TVBSB VMUSBTPOJL ZBOH EJQBOUVMLBO

LFNVEJBO CFSKBMBO LFNCBMJ EBSJ TFMTFM EBSBI NFSBI LF BSBI
LSJTUBM (FMPNCBOH ZBOH EJQBOUVMLBO JOJ NFNQVOZBJ GSFLVFOTJ Gambar 1 - ua airan satu diberi at arna dan
ZBOH MFCJI SFOEBI EBSJQBEB HFMPNCBOH ZBOH EJQBODBSLBO ang lainn a jerni sebelum aliran dimulai airan ang
sama detik setela aliran dimulai aliran turbulen
LBSFOB TFMTFM EBSBI NFSBI CFSHFSBL NFOKBVIJ LSJTUBM elemen airan bergerak dengan pola tidak teratur
USBOTNJUFS *OJ EJTFCVU FGFL %PQQMFS )BM TBNB EJBMBNJ PMFI
TFTFPSBOH CJMB LFSFUB BQJ NFOEFLBUJOZB EBO NFMJOUBT TBNCJM
NFNCVOZJLBOQFMVJU4FHFSBTFUFMBITVBSBQFMVJUNFMFXBUJPSBOH
1FOZFCBC EBSJ CFOUVL QBSBCPMJL BEBMBI TFCBHBJ CFSJLVU
UFSTFCVU OBEBTVBSBQFMVJUJUVNFOEBEBLNFOKBEJMFCJISFOEBI
.PMFLVMDBJSBOZBOHNFOHFOBJEJOEJOHCFSHFSBLMBNCBULBSFOB
EBSJQBEBOBEBTVBSBTFXBLUVLFSFUBBQJNFOEFLBU
QFSMFLBUBO EFOHBO EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI -BQJTBO NPMFLVM

6OUVL QFOHVLVS BMJSBO ZBOH EJQFSMJIBULBO QBEB (BNCBS
CFSJLVUOZBUFSHFMJODJSEJBUBTMBQJTBOTFCFMVNOZB MBQJTBOLFUJHB
HFMPNCBOH VMUSBTPOJL CFSGSFLVFOTJ UJOHHJ EJQBODBSLBO TFDBSB
EJ BUBT MBQJTBO LFEVB MBQJTBO LFFNQBU EJ BUBT MBQJTBO LFUJHB
JOUFSNJUFO EBO HFMPNCBOH ZBOH EJQBOUVMLBO LFNCBMJ EJUFSJNB
CFHJUVTFUFSVTOZB0MFILBSFOBJUV DBJSBOZBOHCFSBEBEJCBHJBO
NBTVL LF EBMBN LSJTUBM EBO EJQFSLVBU TFDBSB MVBS CJBTB PMFI BMBU
UFOHBIQFNCVMVIEBQBUCFSHFSBLTFDBSBDFQBULBSFOBBEBCBOZBL
FMFLUSPOJL #BHJBO MBJO EBSJ BMBU FMFLUSPOJL JUV NFOFOUVLBO
MBQJTBONPMFLVMEJBOUBSBCBHJBOUFOHBIQFNCVMVIEBOEJOEJOH
QFSCFEBBO GSFLVFOTJ BOUBSB HFMPNCBOH ZBOH EJQBODBSLBO EBO
QFNCVMVI KBEJ TFUJBQ MBQJTBO ZBOH NFOVKV LF BSBI UFOHBI
HFMPNCBOH ZBOH EJQBOUVMLBO KBEJ NFOFOUVLBO LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO
TFDBSB QSPHSFTJG BLBO NFOHBMJS MFCJI DFQBU EBSJQBEB MBQJTBO EJ
EBSBI4FMBNBEJBNFUFSQFNCVMVIUJEBLCFSVCBI QFSVCBIBOBMJSBO
MVBS
EBSBI EBMBN QFNCVMVI CFSCBOEJOH MBOHTVOH EFOHBO QFSVCBIBO
LFDFQBUBOBMJSBO "MJSBO %BSBI 5VSCVMFO QBEB #FCFSBQB ,FBEBBO ,FUJLB
4FQFSUJ QFOHVLVS BMJSBO FMFLUSPNBHOFUJL QFOHVLVS BMJSBO LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI NFOKBEJ UFSMBMV CFTBS CJMB BMJSBO EBSBI
%PQQMFS VMUSBTPOJL NBNQV NFODBUBU QFSVCBIBO BMJSBO ZBOH NFMFXBUJ TVBUV PCTUSVLTJ EJ QFNCVMVI CJMB BMJSBO CFSCFMPL
UVSVOOBJLEBOBMJSBOZBOHLPOUJOV TFDBSBDFQBU UBKBN BUBVCJMBEBSBINFOHBMJSNFMBMVJQFSNVLBBOLBTBS BMJSBO
"MJSBO %BSBI -BNJOBS EJ EBMBN 1FNCVMVI #JMB EBSBI EBSBIEBQBUNFOKBEJUVSCVMFOBUBVUFSHBOHHV EBOUJEBLMBNJOBS
NFOHBMJSEFOHBOLFDFQBUBOUFUBQNFMBMVJQFNCVMVIEBSBIZBOH MJIBU (BNCBS $
"MJSBO UVSCVMFO CFSBSUJ CBIXB EBSBI
QBOKBOHEBOMJDJO EBSBIBLBONFOHBMJSEBMBNBMJSBOTUSFBNMJOF NFOHBMJS NFMJOUBOH EJ QFNCVMVI NBVQVO EJ TFQBOKBOH
EFOHBO TFUJBQ MBQJTBO EBSBI UFUBQ CFSKBSBL TBNB EBSJ EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI CJBTBOZB NFNCFOUVL QVTBSBO EBMBN EBSBI ZBOH
QFNCVMVI EBSBI %FNJLJBO QVMB CBHJBO QBMJOH UFOHBI EBSJ EJTFCVU BSVT FEEZ "MJSBO JOJ TFSVQB EFOHBO QVTBSBO BJS ZBOH
EBSBICFSBEBEJCBHJBOUFOHBIQFNCVMVI5JQFBMJSBOJOJEJTFCVU TFSJOH LJUB MJIBU EJ TVOHBJ CFSBMJSBO DFQBU QBEB UFNQBU ZBOH
BMJSBOMBNJOBSBUBVBMJSBOTUSFBNMJOF EBOBMJSBOJOJCFSMBXBOBO UFSEBQBUIBNCBUBO
EFOHBO BMJSBO UVSCVMFO ZBLOJ EBSBI NFOHBMJS LF TFNVB BSBI #JMBUJNCVMBSVTFEEZ EBSBINFOHBMJSEFOHBOUBIBOBOZBOH
EBMBN QFNCVMVI EBO TFDBSB LPOUJOV CFSDBNQVS EJ EBMBN KBVI MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB CJMB NFOHBMJS MBNJOBS LBSFOB BSVT
QFNCVMVI TFQFSUJZBOHBLBOEJCJDBSBLBOCFSJLVUJOJ FEEZ TBOHBU NFNQFSCFTBS TFMVSVI HFTFLBO BMJSBO EBMBN
#FOUVL ,FDFQBUBO 1BSBCPMJL 4FMBNB "MJSBO -BNJOBS #JMB QFNCVMVI
UJNCVM BMJSBO MBNJOBS LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EJ UFOHBI QFNCVMVI ,FDFOEFSVOHBOVOUVLUJNCVMOZBBMJSBOUVSCVMFONFOJOHLBU
KBVI MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB ZBOH LF BSBI EJOEJOH MVBS )BM JOJ CFSCBOEJOH MVSVT EFOHBO LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI EJBNFUFS
UFSMJIBU QBEB (BNCBS 1BEB (BNCBS " EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVIEBSBIEBOCFSBUKFOJTEBSBI EBOCFSCBOEJOHUFSCBMJL
QDNCVMVI UFSEBQBU EVB NBDBN DBJSBO DBJSBO EJ CBHJBO LJSJ EFOHBOWJTLPTJUBTEBSBI TFTVBJEFOHBOQFSTBNBBOCFSJLVU
EJXBSOBJ PMFI [BU XBSOB EBO EJ CBHJBO LBOBO BEBMBI DBJSBO
KFSOJI UFUBQJUJEBLBEBBMJSBOEJQFNCVMVIJUV#JMBDBJSBOEJCVBU n. d . r
Re =
NFOHBMJS BLBO UFSCFOUVL CBUBT CFSCFOUVL QBSBCPMJL EJ BOUBSB h
DBJSBO UFSTFCVU TFQFSUJ ZBOH UFSMJIBU EFUJL LFNVEJBO EJ 3F BEBMBI CJMBOHBO 3FZOPME EBO NFSVQBLBO VLVSBO
(BNCBS # NFNQFSMJIBULBO CBIXB CBHJBO DBJSBO ZBOH LFDFOEFSVOHBO UFSKBEJOZB UVSCVMFOTJ W BEBMBI LFDFQBUBO SBUB
EFLBU EFOHBO EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI IBNQJS UJEBL CFSHFSBL TBNB SBUBBMJSBOEBSBI EBMBNDNEFUJL
EBEBMBIEJBNFUFSQFNCVMVI
TFLBMJ CBHJBO ZBOH TFEJLJU MFCJI KBVI EBSJ EJOEJOH CFSHFSBL EBMBNDN
QBEBMBINBTTBKFOJT EBOBEBMBIWJTLPTJUBT EBMBN
EFOHBOKBSBLQFOEFL EBODBJSBOZBOHCFSBEBEJCBHJBOUFOHBI QPJTF
7JTLPTJUBTEBSBIOPSNBMOZBTFLJUBS QPJTF EBONBTTB
QFNCVMVI UFMBI CFSHFSBL MFCJI KBVI MBHJ &GFL JOJ EJTFCVU KFOJTOZBIBOZBTFEJLJUMFCJICFTBSEBSJ#JMBCJMBOHBO3FZOPME
CFOUVLQBSBCPMJLVOUVLLFDFQBUBOBMJSBOEBSBI NFOJOHLBUEJBUBTTBNQBJ CJBTBOZBBLBOUJNCVMBMJSBO
161
Unit IV Sirkulasi
UVSCVMFO EJ CFCFSBQB QFSDBCBOHBO QFNCVMVI UFUBQJ BLBO

CFSIFOUJ EJ TFQBOKBOH QFNCVMVI ZBOH MJDJO /BNVO EFNJLBO
CJMB CJMBOHBO 3FZOPME NFOJOHLBU TBNQBJ IBNQJS BMJSBO A
UVSCVMFOBLBOUJNCVMCBILBOEJQFNCVMVIZBOHMVSVTEBOMJDJO
"HBSNFOHBMJSEJTJTUFNQFNCVMVIEBSBI CJMBOHBO3FZOPME
CBILBO OPSNBMOZB NFOJOHLBU IJOHHB TBNQBJ QBEB
BSUFSJCFTBSTFCBHBJBLJCBUOZB IBNQJSTFMBMVUFSEBQBUCFCFSBQB
BMJSBOUVSCVMFOEJQFSDBCBOHBOQFNCVMVI%JCBHJBOQSPLTJNBM B
BPSUBEBOBSUFSJQVMNPOBMJT CJMBOHBO3FZOPMEEBQBUNFOJOHLBU
IJOHHBCFCFSBQBSJCVTFMBNBGBTFDFQBUTBBUFKFLTJWFOUSJLFMIBM
JOJ NFOZFCBCLBO BMJSBO ZBOH TBOHBU UVSCVMFO EJ QSPLTJNBM
BPSUBEBOBSUFSJQVMNPOBMJTLBSFOBUFSEBQBUCFCFSBQBLFBEBBO
ZBOH CFSQFSBO NFOJNCVMLBO BMJSBO UVSCVMFO
LFDFQBUBO
BMJSBOEBSBIZBOHUJOHHJ
BMJSBOQVMTBUJMBMBNJ
QFSVCBIBO
EJBNFUFS QFNCVMVI NFOEBEBL EBO
EJBNFUFS QFNCVMVI
ZBOH CFTBS /BNVO EFNJLJBO QBEB QFNCVMVI LFDJM CJMBOHBO
3FZOPME IBNQJS UJEBL QFSOBI DVLVQ UJOHHJ VOUVL
NFOZFCBCLBOBMJSBOUVSCVMFO
e anan ara
4BUVBO 5FLBOBO 4UBOEBS 5FLBOBO EBSBI IBNQJS TFMBMV
EJOZBUBLBO EBMBN NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB NN )H
LBSFOB
NBOPNFUFS BJS SBLTB UFMBI EJQBLBJ TFCBHBJ SVKVLBO TUBOEBS
VOUVLQFOHVLVSBOUFLBOBOTFKBLEJDJQUBLBOQBEBUBIVO C
PMFI 1PJTFVJMMF 4FCFOBSOZB UFLBOBO EBSBI CFSBSUJ EBZB ZBOH Gambar 1 - Prinsip tiga tipe transduser elektronik untuk
EJIBTJMLBO PMFI EBSBI UFSIBEBQ TFUJBQ TBUVBO MVBT EJOEJOH men atat peruba an tekanan dara ang epat dijelaskan
QFNCVMVI #JMB TFTFPSBOH NFOHBUBLBO CBIXB UFLBOBO EBMBN dalam teks
QFNCVMVIBEBMBINN)H IBMJUVCFSBSUJCBIXBEBZBZBOH
EJIBTJMLBODVLVQVOUVLNFOEPSPOHLPMPNBJSSBLTBNFMBXBO
1BEB (BNCBS " TFCVBI MFNQFOH NFUBM TFEFSIBOB
HSBWJUBTJTBNQBJTFUJOHHJNN#JMBUFLBOBOBEBMBINN
EJMFUBLLBO CFCFSBQB SBUVT TFOUJNFUFS EJ BUBT NFNCSBO #JMB
)H LPMPNBJSSBLTBBLBOEJEPSPOHTFUJOHHJNN NFNCSBONFOPOKPMLFMVBS NFNCSBONFOKBEJMFCJIEFLBUEFOHBO
,BEBOHLBEBOH UFLBOBO EJOZBUBLBO EBMBN TFOUJNFUFS BJS MFNQFOH TFIJOHHB NFOJOHLBULBO LBQBTJUBOTJ MJTUSJL EJ BOUBSB
LFEVBOZB EBO QFSVCBIBO LBQBTJUBOT JOJ EBQBU EJDBUBU EFOHBO
DN)0
5FLBOBOTFCFTBSDN)0CFSBSUJCBIXBUFLBOBO
NFOHHVOBLBOTJTUFNFMFLUSPOJLZBOHTFTVBJ
DVLVQ VOUVL NFOBJLLBO TBUV LPMPN BJS NFMBXBO HSBWJUBTJ
1BEB (BNCBS # TFCVBI MPHBN CFTJ LFDJM EJMFUBLLBO QBEB
TFUJOHHJDN4BUVNJMJNFUFSUFLBOBOBJSSBLTBTBNBEFOHBO NFNCSBO EBO EBQBU CFSHFTFS LF BUBT LF EBMBN QVTBU EJ EBMBN
DNUFLBOBOBJSLBSFOBCFSBUKFOJTBJSSBLTBBEBMBI LBMJ LVNQBSBO LBXBU MJTUSJL 1FSHFSBLBO CFTJ LF LVNQBSBO
EBSJBJS EBODNBEBMBILBMJNN NFOJOHLBULBOJOEVLUBOTJLVNQBSBO EBOIBMJOJKVHBEBQBUEJDBUBU
TFDBSBFMFLUSPOJL
.FUPEF 1FOHVLVSBO 5FLBOBO %BSBI EFOHBO ,FUFQBUBO "LIJSOZB QBEB(BNCBS$ TFCVBILBXBUUBIBOSFHBOHZBOH
5JOHHJ,FMFNCBNBOBJSSBLTBEJEBMBNNBOPNFUFSCFHJUVUJOHHJ TBOHBU UJQJT EJIVCVOHLBO EFOHBO NFNCSBO #JMB LBXBU JOJ TBOHBU
TFIJOHHB UJEBL EBQBU OBJL BUBV UVSVO TFDBSB DFQBU 0MFI LBSFOB UFSFHBOH SFTJTUBOTJOZB BLBO NFOJOHLBU CJMB LBXBU LVSBOH
BMBTBO JOJMBI NBOPNFUFS BJS SBLTB NFTLJQVO TBOHBU CBJL VOUVL UFSFHBOH SFTJTUBOTJOZB BLBO NFOVSVO 1FSVCBIBOQFSVCBIBO JOJ
QFOHVLVSBOUFLBOBOZBOHTUBCJM UJEBLEBQBUCFSFTQPOTUFSIBEBQ KVHBEBQBUEJDBUBUPMFITJTUFNFMFLUSPOJL
QFSVCBIBOUFLBOBOZBOHUFSKBEJMFCJIDFQBUEBSJTBNQBJEFUJL 4JOZBM MJTUSJL EBSJ USBOTEVTFS EJLJSJN LF BNQMJGJFS QFOHFSBT
QFOHVBU
LFNVEJBO LF BMBU QFSFLBN ZBOH TFTVBJ 1BEB CFCFSBQB
TFUJBQ TJLMVT #JMBNBOB EJLFIFOEBLJ VOUVL NFODBUBU UFLBOBO
UJQF TJTUFN QFODBUBU EFOHBO LFUFQBUBO UJOHHJ JOJ TJLMVT UFLBOBO
ZBOH CFSVCBI DFQBU EJQFSMVLBO CFCFSBQB KFOJT QFODBUBU UFLBOBO TBNQBJTJLMVTQFSEFUJLUFMBIEBQBUEJDBUBUTFDBSBBLVSBU1BEB
MBJOOZB (BNCBS NFNQFSMJIBULBO QSJOTJQ EBTBS UJHB QFNBLBJBO CJBTB EJHVOBLBO QFODBUBU ZBOH NBNQV NFODBUBU
USBOTEVTFSUFLBOBOFMFLUSPOJLZBOHCJBTBEJQBLBJVOUVLNFOHVCBI QFSVCBIBOUFLBOBOTFDFQBUTBNQBJTJLMVTQFSEFUJL EFOHBO
UFLBOBO EBSBI EBOBUBV QFSVCBIBO UFLBOBO ZBOH DFQBU NFOKBEJ DBSBZBOHEJQFSMJIBULBOQBEBLFSUBTQFODBUBUEBMBN(BNCBS$
TJOZBMMJTUSJLEBOLFNVEJBONFODBUBUTJOZBMMJTUSJLQBEBQFODBUBU
MJTUSJL CFSLFDFQBUBO UJOHHJ 4FUJBQ USBOTEVTFS JOJ NFOHHVOBLBO
NFNCSBO NFUBM ZBOH TBOHBU UJQJT EBO TBOHBU UFSFHBOH ZBOH
Tahanan Aliran Darah
NFNCFOUVL TBMBI TBUV EJOEJOH SVBOH DBJSBO 3VBOH DBJSBO
LFNVEJBO EJIVCVOHLBO EFOHBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI ZBOH BLBO 4BUVBO5BIBOBO5BIBOBONFSVQBLBOIBNCBUBOBMJSBOEBSBI
EJVLVS UFLBOBOOZB NFMBMVJ TFCVBI KBSVN BUBV LBUFUFS ZBOH EBMBN QFNCVMVI UFUBQJ UJEBL EBQBU EJVLVS TFDBSB MBOHTVOH
EFOHBO DBSB BQBQVO 4FCBMJLOZB UBIBOBO IBSVT EJIJUVOH EBSJ
EJNBTVLLBO LF EBMBN QFNCVMVI #JMB UFLBOBOOZB UJOHHJ
QFOHVLVSBOBMJSBOEBSBIEBOQFSCFEBBOUFLBOBOBOUBSBEVBUJUJL
NFNCSBOTFEJLJUNFOPOKPMLFMVBS EBOCJMBUFLBOBOOZBSFOEBI
NFNCSBOBLBOLFNCBMJLFQPTJTJJTUJSBIBU
162
Bab 14 lkhtisar Sirkulasi; Biofisik Tekanan, Aliran, dan Tahanan
EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVI #JMB QFSCFEBBO UFLBOBO BOUBSB EVB UJUJL d=1
ml menit
BEBMBI NN )H EBO BMJSBO BEBMBI NMEFUJL UBIBOBOOZB
P d=2
EJLBUBLBOTFCFTBSTBUVBOUBIBOBOQFSJGFS CJBTBOZBEJTJOHLBU mm ml menit
136 QFSJQIFSBMSFTJTUBODFVOJU
g d=4 ml menit
UNIT IV
1FSOZBUBBO5BIBOBOEBMBN4BUVBO$(4,BEBOHLBEBOH TBUVBOGJTJL
EBTBS EJTFCVU TBUVBO $(4 DFOUJNFUFST HSBNT TFDPOET TFOUJNFUFS
HSBN EFUJL
EJQBLBJ VOUVL NFOZBUBLBO UBIBOBO 4BUVBO JOJ BEBMBI
EZOF EFUJLDN 5BIBOBO EBMBN TBUVBO JOJ EBQBU EJIJUVOH EFOHBO
SVNVTCFSJLVU
dyne detik 1333 mm Hg

R dalam = Pembulu ke il
cm5 ml/det
Pembulu besar
Tahanan Pembuluh Darah Periter Total dan Gambar 1 - emperli atkan pengaru diameter pembulu
Tahanan Pembuluh Darah Paru Total. ,FDFQBUBO BMJSBO ter adap aliran dara in in konsentris aliran dara pada
berbagai ke epatan semakin jau dari dinding pembulu
EBSBINFMBMVJTFMVSVITJTUFNTJSLVMBTJTBNBEFOHBOLFDFQBUBO semakin epat alirann a
QPNQBEBSBIPMFIKBOUVOHZBLOJ TBNBEFOHBODVSBIKBOUVOH
1BEB PSBOH EFXBTB LFDFQBUBOOZB TFLJUBS NMEFU
)BM JOJ EJHBNCBSLBO MFXBU QFSDPCBBO ZBOH EJJMVTUSBTJLBO
1FSCFEBBO UFLBOBO EBSJ BSUFSJ TJTUFNJL TBNQBJ WFOB TJTUFNJL
QBEB (BNCBS " NFNQFSMJIBULBO UJHB QFNCVMVI
BEBMBI TFLJUBS NN )H 0MFI LBSFOB JUV UBIBOBO EJ
UFSQJTBI EFOHBO EJBNFUFS SFMBUJG TFCFTBS EBO UFUBQJ
TFMVSVI TJSLVMBTJ TJTUFNJL ZBOH EJTFCVU UBIBOBO QFSJGFS UPUBM
EFOHBO QFSCFEBBO UFLBOBO ZBOH TBNB BOUBSB LFEVB VKVOH
BEBMBITFLJUBS BUBVTBUVBOUBIBOBOQFSJGFS 136

QFNCVMVI UFSTFCVU ZBJUV NN )H .FTLJQVO EJBNFUFS
1BEB LFBEBBO LFUJLB TFNVB QFNCVMVI EBSBI EJ TFMVSVI QFNCVMVIQFNCVMVIJOJNFOJOHLBUIBOZBFNQBULBMJMJQBU
UVCVI CFSLPOTUSJLTJ LVBU SFTJTUBOTJ QFSJGFS UPUBM LBEBOH BMJSBO EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVI NBTJOHNBTJOH NFOKBEJ
LBEBOH NFOJOHLBU NFOKBEJ TFCFTBS 136 4FCBMJLOZB CJMB EBO NMNFOJU BUBV UFSEBQBU LFOBJLBO BMJSBO TFCFTBS
TFNVB QFNCVMVI CFSEJMBUBTJ LVBU SFTJTUBOTJ JOJ EBQBU UVSVO LBMJ MJQBU +BEJ LPOEVLUBOT QFNCVMVI NFOJOHLBU
TBNQBJTFLFDJM 136 TFCBOEJOH EFOHBO QBOHLBU FNQBU EJBNFUFSOZB TFTVBJ
%BMBN TJTUFN QBSV UFLBOBO BSUFSJ QVMNPOBMJT SBUBSBUB EFOHBOSVNVTCFSJLVU
BEBMBINN)HEBOUFLBOBOBUSJVNLJSJSBUBSBUBBEBMBI Konduktans µ Diameter4
NN )H TFIJOHHB TFMJTJI UFLBOBO BEBMBI NN )H 0MFI
)VLVN 1PJTFVJMMF 1FOZFCBC LFOBJLBO LPOEVLUBOT ZBOH CFTBS
LBSFOB JUV CJMB DVSBI KBOUVOH OPSNBM ZBLOJ TFLJUBS NM
LFUJLB EJBNFUFS NFOJOHLBU JOJ EBQBU EJUFSBOHLBO EFOHBO NFMJIBU
EFUJL UBIBOBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI QBSV UPUBM EJQFSIJUVOHLBO (BNCBS# NFNQFSMJIBULBOQFOBNQBOHNFMJOUBOHQFNCVMVI
LJSBLJSB TFCFTBS 136 TFLJUBS TFQFSUVKVI TJSLVMBTJ CFTBS EBO QFNCVMVI LFDJM -JOHLBSBO LPOTFOUSJL EJ EBMBN
TJTUFNJL
QFNCVMVI NFOBOEBLBO CBIXB LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBMBN TFUJBQ
MJOHLBSBO CFSCFEB EFOHBO MJOHLBSBO EJEFLBUOZB BLJCBU BMJSBO
MBNJOBS TFQFSUJZBOHUFMBIEJCJDBSBLBOTFCFMVNOZBEBMBNCBCJOJ
"Konduktans" Darah dalam Pembuluh dan :BJUV EBSBI ZBOH BEB EJ MJOHLBSBO ZBOH NFOZFOUVI EJOEJOH
Hubungannya dengan Tahanan. ,POEVLUBOTNFSVQBLBO QFNCVMVI IBNQJS UJEBL NFOHBMJS LBSFOB NFMFLBU QBEB FOEPUFM
VLVSBO BMJSBO EBSBI NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI QBEB UFLBOBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI -JOHLBSBO EBSBI CFSJLVUOZB ZBOH NFOVKV LF
UFSUFOUV1BEBVNVNOZBEJOZBUBLBOEBMBNNJMJMJUFSQFSEFUJL QVTBU QFNCVMVI BLBO UFSHFMJODJS EJ BUBT MJOHLBSBO QFSUBNB EBO
QFSNJMJNFUFSUFLBOBOBJSSBLTB UFUBQJKVHBEBQBUEJOZBUBLBO LBSFOB JUV NFOHBMJS MFCJI DFQBU -JOHLBSBO ZBOH LFUJHB LFFNQBU
EBMBN MJUFS QFS EFUJL QFS NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB BUBV EBMBN LFMJNB EBO LFFOBN EFNJLJBO QVMB BLBO NFOHBMJS EFOHBO
TBUVBOBMJSBOEBSBIEBOUFLBOBOMBJOOZB LFDFQBUBO ZBOH NBLJO NFOJOHLBU +BEJ EBSBI ZBOH CFSBEB EFLBU
EFOHBO EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI NFOHBMJS MBNCBU TFEBOHLBO ZBOH EJ
+BEJ KFMBT CBIXB LPOEVLUBOT UFQBUOZB NFSVQBLBO UFOHBIQFNCVMVINFOHBMJSMFCJIDFQBU
LFCBMJLBOEBSJUBIBOBOTFTVBJEFOHBOQFSTBNBBOCFSJLVU
%JQFNCVMVILFDJM QBEBEBTBSOZBTFNVBEBSBICFSBEBEJEFLBU
EJOEJOH TFIJOHHB BMJSBO TFOUSBM ZBOH CFSKBMBO TBOHBU DFQBU UJEBL
QFSOBIBEB%FOHBONFOHHBCVOHLBOLFDFQBUBOTFMVSVIMJOHLBSBO
Konduktans = 1 LPOTFOUSJL EBSJ BMJSBO EBSBI EBO NFOHBMJLBOOZB EFOHBO MVBT
Resistensi EBFSBI MJOHLBSBO LJUB NFOEBQBULBO SVNVT ZBOH EJLFOBM TFCBHBJ
IVLVN1PJTFVJMMF
pD Pr4
Sedikit Saja Perubahan pada Diameter Pembuluh F=
8 h1
akan Sangat Mengubah Konduktansnya1FSVCBIBOLFDJM
QBEB EJBNFUFS QFNCVMVI BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO QFSVCBIBO ' BEBMBI LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO EBSBI $P BEBMBI QFSCFEBBO UFLBOBO
MVBS CJBTB UFSIBEBQ LFNBNQVBO QFNCVMVI VOUVL BOUBSB VKVOHVKVOH QFNCVMVI r SBEJVTQFNCVMVI, l iBEBMBI BEBMBI
NFOHIBOUBSLBOEBSBICJMBBMJSBOEBSBICFSTJGBUMBNJOBS QBOKBOHQFNCVMVI EBO H BEBMBIWJTLPTJUBTEBSBI
163
Unit IV Sirkulasi
1FSIBUJLBOEBMBNQFSTBNBBOJOJCBIXBLFDFQBUBOBMJSBO " UBIBOBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI UPUBM BEBMBI TBNB EFOHBO

EBSBI CFSCBOEJOH MVSVT EFOHBO QBOHLBU FNQBU SBEJVT QFKVNMBIBO3MEBO3
QFNCVMVI NFOHHBNCBSLBO TFLBMJ MBHJ CBIXB EJBNFUFS 1FNCVMVI EBSBI CFSDBCBOH TBOHBU MVBT VOUVL NFNCFOUVL
QFNCVMVIEBSBI TBNBEFOHBOEVBLBMJSBEJVT
NFNBJOLBO TJSLVJU QBSBMFM ZBOH NFOZVQMBJ EBSBI LF CFCFSBQB PSHBO KBSJOHBO
QFSBOBO QBMJOH CFTBS EBSJ TFNVB GBLUPS MBJOOZB EBMBN UVCVI 1FOHBUVSBO QBSBMFM JOJ NFNCVBU KBSJOHBO EBQBU NFOHBUVS
NFOFOUVLBOLFDFQBUBOBMJSBOEBSBINFMBMVJQFNCVMVI BMJSBOEBSBIOZBTFOEJSJ MFCJIKBVIMBHJ NFOHBUVSTFOEJSJBMJSBOLF
KBSJOHBOMBJO
Makna dan "Hukum Pangkat Empat" Diameter
Pembuluh dalam Menentukan Tahanan Arteriol. TJTUFNJL #BHJQFNCVMVIEBSBIZBOHEJBUVSTFDBSBQBSBMFM(BNCBS#
UPUBM QBEB BMJSBO EBSBI BEBMBI UBIBOBO BSUFSJPM EJ EBMBN UBIBOBOUPUBMEBSJBMJSBOEBSBITFQFSUJ
BSUFSJPM LFDJM %JBNFUFS JOUFSOB QFNCVMVI BSUFSJPM CFSLJTBS 1 1 1 1 1 ...
= + + +
EBSJ N TBNQBJ TFCFTBS N /BNVO BSUFSJPM NFNJMJLJ Rtotal R1 R2 R3 R4
EJOEJOHQFNCVMVIEBSBIZBOHLVBU TFIJOHHBNFNVOHLJOLBO
EJBNFUFS JOUFSOB NFOKBEJ TBOHBU CFSVCBI TFSJOH LBMJ TBNQBJ +FMBTCBIXBQBEBHSBEJFOUFLBOBOUFSUFOUV KVNMBIEBSBIZBOH
TFCFTBSFNQBULBMJMJQBUOZB%BSJIVLVNQBOHLBUFNQBUZBOH NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ TJTUFN QBSBMFM BLBO KBVI MFCJI CFTBS
UFMBI EJEJTLVTJLBO TFCFMVNOZB ZBOH NFOHIVCVOHLBO BMJSBO EJCBOEJOHLBOZBOHNFMBMVJNBTJOHNBTJOHQFNCVMVIEBSBI0MFI
EBSBI EFOHBO EJBNFUFS QFNCVMVI LJUB EBQBU NFMJIBU CBIXB LBSFOB JUV UBIBOBO UPUBM KBVI MFCJI LFDJM EBSJQBEB UBIBOBO EJ
QFOJOHLBUBO EJBNFUFS QFNCVMVI TFCFTBS FNQBU LBMJ MJQBU TFUJBQ QFNCVMVI EBSBI "MJSBO ZBOH NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI QBSBMFM
EBQBUNFOJOHLBULBOBMJSBOIJOHHBTFCFTBSLBMJMJQBU+BEJ EBMBN (BNCBS # EJUFOUVLBO PMFI HSBEJFO UFLBOBO EBO
IVLVN QBOHLBU FNQBU JOJ NFNCVBU IBM UFSTFCVU NVOHLJO UBIBOBOOZB CVLBOPMFIUBIBOBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIQBSBMFMMBJOOZB
UFSKBEJ QBEB BSUFSJPM #JMB UFSEBQBU TJOZBM TBSBG BUBV TJOZBM /BNVO EFNJLJBO QFOJOHLBUBO UBIBOBO TFUJBQ QFNCVMVI EBSBI
LJNJB EJ KBSJOHBO TFUFNQBU TFIJOHHB NFOZFCBCLBO IBOZB BLBONFOJOHLBULBOUBIBOBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIUPUBM
TFEJLJU QFSVCBIBO QBEB EJBNFUFS BSUFSJPM SFTQPOT ZBOH .VOHLJOUFSMJIBUCFSMBXBOBOCBIXBNFOBNCBILBOQFNCVMVI
EJCFSJLBO EBQBU CFSVQB NFOHIFOUJLBO BMJSBO EBSBI LF EBSBILFTJSLVJUBLBONFOVSVOLBOUBIBOBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIUPUBM
KBSJOHBO TFDBSB UPUBM BUBV NFOJOHLBULBO BMJSBO EBSBI EFOHBO /BNVO EFNJLJBO CBOZBLOZB QFNCVMVI EBSBI QBSBMFM NFNCVBU
TBOHBUIFCBU4FCFOBSOZB QFSOBIUFSDBUBULJTBSBOBMJSBOEBSBI EBSBINFOKBEJMFCJINVEBIVOUVLEJBMJSLBONFMBMVJTJSLVJULBSFOB
MFCJI EBSJ LBMJ MJQBU QBEB EBFSBI KBSJOHBO ZBOH UFSQJTBI TFUJBQQFNCVMVIQBSBMFMNFOZFEJBLBOKBMVSMBJO BUBVLPOEVLUBOT
BOUBSBCBUBTLPOTUSJLTJBSUFSJPMNBLTJNVNEBOEJMBUBTJBSUFSJPM VOUVL NFOHBMJSLBO EBSBI ,POEVLUBOT UPUBM ($UPUBM) VOUVL
NBLTJNVN NFOHBMJSLBOEBSBINFSVQBLBOQFOKVNMBIBOLPOEVLUBOTEJTFUJBQ
Tahanan Aliran Darah dalam Sirkuit Pembuluh Darah KBMVSQBSBMFM
Paralel dan Serial. %BSBI ZBOH EJQPNQB PMFI KBOUVOH Ctotal = C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 . . .
NFOHBMJS EBSJ CBHJBO CFSUFLBOBO UJOHHJ EJ TJSLVMBTJ TJTUFNJL
ZBJUV BPSUB
LF CBHJBO CFSUFLBOBO SFOEBI ZBJUV WFOB DBWB
4FCBHBJ DPOUPI PUBL HJOKBM PUPU TBMVSBO DFSOB LVMJU EBO
NFMJOUBTJ KBSBL KBVI EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVI EBSBI ZBOH EJBUVS TJSLVMBTJLPSPOFSEJBUVSTFDBSBQBSBMFM EBONBTJOHNBTJOHKBSJOHBO
TFDBSB TFSJBM EBO QBSBMFM "SUFSJ BSUFSJPM LBQJMFS WFOVMB EBO NFNCFSJLBO LPOUSJCVTJ UFSIBEBQ LFTFMVSVIBO LPOEVLUBOT EJ
WFOB EJLVNQVMLBO TFDBSB TFSJBM #JMB QFNCVMVI EBSBI EJBUVS TJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJL"MJSBOEBSBINFMBMVJTFUJBQKBSJOHBONFSVQBLBO
TFDBSB TFSJBM BMJSBO EJ TFUJBQ QFNCVMVI EBSBI TBNB EBO CBHJBOEBSJUPUBMBMJSBOEBSBI DVSBIKBOUVOH
EBOEJUFOUVLBOPMFI
UBIBOBO UPUBM BMJSBO EBSBI (3UPUBM) TBNB EFOHBO QFOKVNMBIBO UBIBOBO SFTJQSPLBM LPOEVLUBOT
BMJSBO EBSBI EJ KBSJOHBO CFHJUV
UBIBOBOEJTFUJBQQFNCVMVI KVHB HSBEJFO UFLBOBO 0MFI LBSFOB JUV UJOEBLBO BNQVUBTJ QBEB
BOHHPUBCBEBOBUBVQFOHBOHLBUBOHJOKBMNFMBMVJQFNCFEBIBOKVHB
R =R +R +R +R . . . NFOHIJMBOHLBO TJSLVJU QBSBMFM EBO NFOVSVOLBO LPOEVLUBOT
total 1 2 3 4
QFNCVMVIEBSBIUPUBMBMJSBOEBSBIUPUBM DVSBIKBOUVOH
TFNFOUBSB
0MFILBSFOBJUV UBIBOBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIQFSJGFSUPUBMTBNB NFOJOHLBULBOUBIBOBOQFNCVMVIEBSBIQFSJGFSUPUBM
EFOHBOQFOKVNMBIBOUBIBOBOEJBSUFSJ BSUFSJPM LBQJMFS WFOVMB
EBOWFOB1BEBDPOUPIZBOHEJQFSMJIBULBOEBMBN(BNCBS
Pengaruh Hematokrit Darah dan Viskositas Darah terhadap
Tahanan Pembuluh Darah dan Aliran Darah
1FSIBUJLBO LIVTVTOZB CBIXB TBMBI TBUV GBLUPS QFOUJOH EBMBN
QFSTBNBBO 1PJTFVJMMF BEBMBI WJTLPTJUBT EBSBI 4FNBLJO CFTBS
WJTLPTJUBT BMJSBO EBMBN QFNCVMVI TFNBLJO LFDJM KJLB TFMVSVI
GBLUPSMBJOOZBCFSTJGBULPOTUBO4FMBOKVUOZB WJTLPTJUBTQBEBEBSBI
OPSNBMBEBMBITFLJUBSUJHBLBMJMFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBWJTLPTJUBTBJS
5FUBQJ BQB ZBOH NFNCVBU EBSBI CFHJUV LFOUBM )BM JOJ
UFSVUBNBLBSFOBTFCBHJBOCFTBSTFMEBSBINFSBIUFSTVTQFOTJEBMBN
EBSBI NBTJOHNBTJOHGBLUPSJOJNFOJNCVMLBOQFSHFTFLBOBOUBSB
Gambar 1 - a anan pembulu dara dalam serial TFMTFMZBOHCFSEFLBUBOEBOUFSIBEBQEJOEJOHQFNCVMVIEBSBI
dan dalam paralel
164
Bab 14 lkhtisar Sirkulasi; Biofisik Tekanan, Aliran, dan Tahanan
7JTLPTJUBT EBSBI MFOHLBQ QBEB IFNBUPLSJU OPSNBM BEBMBI

TFLJUBS IBM JOJ CFSBSUJ CBIXB EJQFSMVLBO UFLBOBO UJHB LBMJ
MFCJI CFTBS VOUVL NFOEPSPOH EBSBI MFOHLBQ EJCBOEJOHLBO
NFOEPSPOH BJS NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI EBSBI ZBOH TBNB #JMB
UNIT IV
IFNBUPLSJU NFOJOHLBU TBNQBJ BUBV ZBOH TFSJOH LBMJ
UFSKBEJ QBEB QPMJTJUFNJB WJTLPTJUBT EBSBI EBQBU NFOJOHLBU
NFOKBEJLBMJMFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBBJS EBOBMJSBOOZBEBMBN
QFNCVMVIEBSBINFOKBEJTBOHBUUFSIBNCBU
'BLUPS MBJO ZBOH NFNFOHBSVIJ WJTLPTJUBT EBSBI BEBMBI
LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO QMBTNB EBO KFOJT QSPUFJO EBMBN QMBTNB
UFUBQJ QFOHBSVIOZB LVSBOH CFHJUV QFOUJOH EJCBOEJOHLBO
EFOHBOQFOHBSVIIFNBUPLSJU TFIJOHHBUJEBLEJQFSUJNCBOHLBO
TFDBSB TFSJVT QBEB LFCBOZBLBO QFOFMJUJBO IFNPEJOBNJL
7JTLPTJUBTQMBTNBEBSBIBEBMBITFLJUBS LBMJWJTLPTJUBTBJS
Pengaruh Tekanan terhadap Tahanan Pembuluh

Darah dan Aliran Darah Jaringan
"Autoregulasi" Mengurangi Pengaruh Tekanan Arteri
Terhadap Aliran Darah Jaringan". %BSJ EJTLVTJ TFKBVI JOJ
0 LJUB NVOHLJO NFNQFSLJSBLBO CBIXB LFOBJLBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ
Normal nemia Polisitemia BLBONFOZFCBCLBOLFOBJLBOZBOHTFCBOEJOHQBEBBMJSBOEBSBI
Gambar 1 -1 ematokrit pada orang normal dan pada NFMBMVJ CFSCBHBJ KBSJOHBO UVCVI "LBO UFUBQJ QFOHBSVI
pasien anemia dan polisitemia UFLBOBOBSUFSJUFSIBEBQBMJSBOEBSBIEJTFCBHJBOCFTBSKBSJOHBO
CJBTBOZBKBVIMFCJILFDJMEBSJQBEBZBOHLJUBQFSLJSBLBO TFQFSUJ
UFSMJIBUQBEB(BNCBS"MBTBOVOUVLIBMUFSTFCVUBEBMBI
)FNBUPLSJU #BHJBO EBSBI ZBOH CFSVQB TFM EBSBI NFSBI
CBIXB LFOBJLBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ UJEBL IBOZB NFOBJLLBO
EJTFCVUIFNBUPLSJU+BEJ CJMBTFTFPSBOHNFNQVOZBJIFNBUPLSJU
LFLVBUBO ZBOH NFOEPSPOH EBSBI NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI UFUBQJ
IBM JOJ CFSBSUJ QFSTFO WPMVNF EBSBI BEBMBI TFM EBO
KVHB NFOJNCVMLBO QFOJOHLBUBO LPNQFOTBUPSJL QBEB UBIBOBO
TJTBOZB BEBMBI QMBTNB )FNBUPLSJU QBEB MBLJMBLJ EFXBTB
QFNCVMVI EBMBN XBLUV CFCFSBQB EFUJL NFMBMVJ BLUJWBTJ
OPSNBM SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS TFEBOHLBO QBEB XBOJUB OPSNBM
NFLBOJTNFQFOHFOEBMJBOTFUFNQBUZBOHEJCBIBTQBEB#BC
SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS "OHLB JOJ TBOHBU CFSWBSJBTJ CFSHBOUVOH
4FCBMJLOZB EFOHBO CFSLVSBOHOZB UFLBOBO BSUFSJ TFCBHJBO
BQBLBITFTFPSBOHNFOEFSJUBBOFNJBBUBVUJEBL EFSBKBUBLUJWJUBT
CFTBS UBIBOBO WBTLVMFS EJ TFCBHJBO CFTBS KBSJOHBO TFHFSB
UVCVIOZB EBO LFUJOHHJBO MPLBTJ UFNQBU TFTFPSBOH CFSBEB
EJUVSVOLBO EBO BMJSBO EBSBI EJQFSUBIBOLBO SFMBUJG LPOTUBO
1FSVCBIBOQFSVCBIBO IFNBUPLSJU JOJ UFMBI EJCJDBSBLBO EBMBN ,FNBNQVBO TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO VOUVL NFOZFTVBJLBO UBIBOBO
IVCVOHBOOZBEFOHBOTFMTFMEBSBINFSBIEBOGVOHTJOZBEBMBN WBTLVMFS EBO NFNQFSUBIBOLBO BMJSBO EBSBI OPSNBM TFXBLUV
USBOTQPSPLTJHFOQBEB#BC UFSEBQBUQFSVCBIBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJBOUBSBLVSBOHMFCJIEBO
)FNBUPLSJU EJUFOUVLBO EFOHBO NFNVTJOHLBO EBSBI EBMBN NN)HEJTFCVUBVUPSFHVMBTJBMJSBOEBSBI
UBCVOH CFSLBMJCSBTJ TFQFSUJ UFSMJIBU QBEB (BNCBS
,BMJCSBTJJOJMBOHTVOHNFOZBUBLBOCFTBSOZBQFSTFOUBTFTFM 2.5
1FOHBSVI )FNBUPLSJU UFSIBEBQ 7JTLPTJUBT %BSBI
n rmal
7JTLPTJUBT EBSBI NFOJOHLBU TFDBSB ESBTUJT EFOHBO 2.0

NFOJOHLBUOZBIFNBUPLSJU TFQFSUJUFSMJIBUQBEB(BNCBS
1.5
Normal
l ran ara
10
iskositas dara lengkap l
1.0 l loka
9 ontro
8 asokonstriktor
0.5
7
a ar 1
6
0
5 0 50 100 150 200
4 Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg)
ara Normal Gambar 1 -1 Pengaru peruba an tekanan arteri se ama
3
2 iskositas plasma periode beberapa menit ter adap aliran dara suatu jaringan
V
seperti otot rangka Per atikan ba a di antara tekanan dan

1
iskositas air mm g aliran dara diatur sendiri l
0 memperli atkan pengaru rangsang sara simpatis atau
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 vasokonstriksi ole ormon seperti norepine rin angiotensin
ema r vasopresin atau endotelin ter adap ubungan tersebut
Gambar 1 -11 Pengaru ematokrit ter adap viskositas Penurunan aliran dara ke jaringan jarang diperta ankan lebi
dara iskositas air dari beberapa jam karena adan a aktivasi mekanisme
autoregulasi setempat ang ak irn a mengembalikan aliran
dara menuju normal
165
Unit IV Sirkulasi
1FSIBUJLBOKVHBQBEB(BNCBS QFSVCBIBOQBEBBMJSBO
7
EBSBI EBQBU EJTFCBCLBO PMFI SBOHTBOHBO TBSBG TJNQBUJT LVBU
NFOJNCVMLBO LPOTUSJLTJ QFNCVMVI EBSBI %FNJLJBO QVMB 6 Peng ambatan
ml men
simpatis
IPSNPO WBTPLPOTUSJLUPS TFQFSUJ OPSFQJOFGSJO BOHJPUFOTJO **
5
WBTPQSFTJO BUBV FOEPUFMJO EBQBU NFOVSVOLBO BMJBO EBSBI
TFUJEBLOZBVOUVLTFNFOUBSB 4
l ran ara
Normal
ekanan
1FSVCBIBO BMJSBO EBSBI LF KBSJOHBO KBSBOH CFSMBOHTVOH 3
penutupan
MFCJIEBSJCFCFSBQBKBNNFTLJQVOQFOJOHLBUBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJ ritis
2
BUBVQFOJOHLBUBOLBEBSWBTPLPOTUSJLUPSEJQFSUBIBOLBO"MBTBO timulasi
UFSEBQBUOZB BMJSBO EBSBI ZBOH EJQFSUBIBOLBO SFMBUJG LPOTUBO 1 simpatis
BEBMBI LBSFOB BEBOZB NFLBOJTNF BVUPSFHVMBTJ TFUFNQBU 0
KBSJOHBO ZBOH BLIJSOZB NFOHIJMBOHLBO TFCBHJBO CFTBS 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
QFOHBSVI WBTPLPOTUSJLUPS EBMBN VQBZB NFOZFEJBLBO BMJBO e anan ar er mm
EBSBIZBOHTFTVBJEFOHBOLFCVUVIBOKBSJOHBO
Gambar 1 -1 Pengaru tekanan arteri ter adap aliran dara
Hubungan Tekanan-Aliran pada Jalinan Vaskuler metalui pembulu dara pasi pada berbagai derajat tonus
pembulu dara ang diakibatkan ole peningkatan atau
Pasif1BEBQFNCVMVIEBSBIUFSJTPMBTJBUBVKBSJOHBOZBOHUJEBL penurunan rangsangan simpatis pada pembulu
NFNQFSMJIBULBO BVUPSFHVMBTJ QFSVCBIBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ EBQBU
NFNQVOZBJ QFOHBSVI QFOUJOH QBEB BMJSBO EBSBI
TJNQBUJT TBOHBU NFOEJMBUBTJ QFNCVMVI EBO EBQBU NFOJOHLBULBO
,FOZBUBBOOZB QFOHBSVI UFLBOBO UFSIBEBQ BMJSBO EBSBI EBQBU
BMJSBOEBSBITBNQBJEVBLBMJMJQBUBUBVMFCJI4FCBMJLOZB SBOHTBOH
MFCJI CFTBS EBSJ ZBOH EJQSFEJLTJ NFOHHVOBLBO QFSTBNBBO
TJNQBUJT ZBOH TBOHBU LVBU EBQBU NFOJNCVMLBO LPOTUSJLTJ
1PJTFVJMMF TFQFSUJEJQFSMJIBULBOHBSJTNFMFOHLVOHLFBUBTQBEB
QFNCVMVI TFEFNJLJBO IFCBUOZB TFIJOHHB BMJSBO EBSBI LBEBOH
(BNCBS "MBTBOOZB BEBMBI CBIXB QFOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO
LBEBOH UVSVO TBNQBJ TFSFOEBI OPM TFMBNB CFCFSBQB EFUJL
BSUFSJUJEBLIBOZBNFOJOHLBULBOEBZBZBOHNFOEPSPOHEBSBI
NFTLJQVOUFSEBQBUUFLBOBOBSUFSJZBOHUJOHHJ
NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI UFUBQJ KVHB NFOJNCVMLBO QFSFHBOHBO
QFNCVMVI FMBTUJL TFIJOHHB NFOVSVOLBO UBIBOBO WBTLVMFS 1BEB LFOZBUBBOOZB IBOZB BEB CFCFSBQB LPOEJTJ GJTJPMPHJL
4FCBMJLOZB QFOVSVOBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ QBEB QFNCVMVI EBSBI KBSJOHBO NFNQFSMJIBULBO IVCVOHBO UFLBOBOBMJSBO QBTJG TFQFSUJ
QBTJGBLBONFOJOHLBULBOUBIBOBOBLJCBULPMBQTOZBQFNCVMVI UFSMJIBU QBEB (BNCBS #BILBO QBEB KBSJOHBO ZBOH UJEBL
FMBTUJL TFDBSB CFSUBIBQ PMFI QFOVSVOBO UFLBOBO QFSFHBOHBO TFDBSBFGFLUJGNFOKBMBOJBVUPSFHVMBTJQFNCVMVIEBSBIOZBTFXBLUV
4BBU UFLBOBO UVSVO EJ CBXBI UJOHLBU LSJUJT EJTFCVU UFLBOBO UFSKBEJ QFSVCBIBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ BLVU BMJSBO EBSBI EJBUVS TFTVBJ
QFOVUVQBO LSJUJT BMJSBO CFSIFOUJ BLJCBU LPMBQT TFNQVSOB EFOHBO LFCVUVIBO KBSJOHBO LFUJLB QFSVCBIBO UFLBOBO UFSTFCVU
QFNCVMVIEBSBI EJQFSUBIBOLBO TFQFSUJEJCBIBTQBEB#BC
3BOHTBOH TJNQBUJT EBO WBTPLPOTUSJLUPS MBJO EBQBU
Daftar Pustaka
NFOHVCBI IVCVOHBO UFLBOBOBMJSBO QBTJG TFQFSUJ
EJQFSMJIBULBOQBEB(BNCBS+BEJ JOIJCJTJBLUJWJUBT -JIBUEBGUBSQVTUBLBQBEB#BC
166
BAB 15
UNIT IV
%JTUFOTJCJMJUBT7BTLVMBSTFSUB
'VOHTJ4JTUFNEBO"SUFSJ
NBUJL EBO LBSFOB JUV EJTUFOTJCJMJUBTOZB LJSBLJSB FOBN LBMJ

Distensibilitas
MFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBBSUFSJTJTUFNJL
Vaskular
Komplians Vaskular (atau Kapasitansi Vaskular)
,BSBLUFSJTUJL TJTUFN WBTLVMBS
ZBOHQFOUJOHBEBMBICBICBIXB 1BEB TUVEJ IFNPEJOBNJL CJBTBOZB KBVI MFCJI QFOUJOH VOUVL
TFNVBQFNCVMVIEBSBICFSTJGBU NFOHFUBIVJ KVNMBI UPUBM EBSBI ZBOH EBQBU EJUBNQVOH EJ
EJTUFOTJCMF NVEBINFSFHBOH
TJGBUEJTUFOTJCJMJUBTBSUFSJNFNVOH CBHJBO TJSLVMBTJ UFSUFOUV VOUVL TFUJBQ NN )H LFOBJLBO
LJOLBO BSUFSJ UFSTFCVU VOUVL NFOZBMVSLBO DVSBI KBOUVOH ZBOH UFLBOBO EBSJQBEB NFOHFUBIVJ EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT NBTJOHNBTJOH
CFSTJGBU QVMTBUJM EBO NFOJNCVMLBO QVMBTJ UFLBOBO SBUBSBUB )BM QFNCVMVI /JMBJ JOJ EJTFCVU LPNQMJBOT DPNQMJBODF
BUBV
JOJ BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO BMJSBO EBSBI UFSVTNFOFSVT EBO MBODBS LBQBTJUBOTSBOHLBJBOQFNCVMVIEBSBI:BJUV
NFMBMVJQFNCVMVIEBSBIZBOHTBOHUBLFDJMEJEBMBNKBSJOHBO
Peningkatan Volume
7FOB BEBMBI ZBOH QBMJOH EJTUFOTJCFM EBSJ TFMVSVI QFNCVMVI Komplians vaskular =
Peningkatan Tekanan
#BILBO EFOHBO TFEJLJU QFOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO WFOB TVEBI EBQBU
NFOBNQVOH TBNQBJ -EBSBIUBNCBIBO0MFILBSFOBJUV ,PNQMJBOT EBO EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT TBOHBU CFSCFEB TBUV TBNB MBJO
WFOB NFOZFEJBLBO TVBUV GVOHTJ QFOBNQVOHBO SFTFSWPJS
VOUVL 1FNCVMVIZBOHTBOHBUEJTUFOTJCFMEFOHBOTFEJLJUWPMVNFEBQBU
NFOZJNQBO TFKVNMBI CFTBS EBTBS UBNCBIBO ZBOH EBQBU EJHV NFNQVOZBJ LPNQMJBOT KBVI MFCJI TFEJLJU EBSJQBEB QFNCVMVI
OBLBOTFUJBQTBBUEJCVUVILBOEJNBOBQVOEBMBNTJSLVMBTJ LVSBOH EJTUFOTJCFM ZBOH NFNQVOZBJ WPMVNF CFTBS LBSFOB
4BUVBO %JTUFOTJCJMJUBT 7BTLVMBS %JTUFOTJCJMJUBT WBTLVMBS LPNQMJBOTTBNBEFOHBOEJTUFOTJCJMJUBTEJLBMJWPMVNF
CJBTBOZB EJOZBUBLBO TFCBHBJ GSBLTJ LFOBJLBO WPMVNF QBEB TFUJBQ ,PNQMJBOT TFCVBI WFOB TJTUFNJL CFTBSOZB TFLJUBS LBMJ
QFOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO EBMBN NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB TFTVBJ EFOHBO LPNQMJBOTBSUFSJCFSVLVSBOTFCBOEJOHLBSFOBWFOBLJSBLJSB
SVNVT LBMJ MFCJI EJTUFOTJCFM EBO NFNQVOZBJ WPMVNF LJSBLJSB LBMJ
MFCJICFTBS Y

Peningkatan Volume
Distensibilitas Vaskular =
Peningkatan Tekanan Volume Awal Kurva Volume-Tekanan dan Sirkulasi
Arteri dan Vena
:BJUV CJMB NN )H NFOZFCBCLBO QFOJOHLBUBO WPMVNF TVBUV $BSBNVEBIVOUVLNFOZBUBLBOIVCVOHBOBOUBSBUFLBOBOEBO
QFNCVMVITFCBOZBLNM ZBOHBXBMOZBCFSJTJNMEBSBI OJMBJ WPMVNFEJEBMBNQFNCVMVIBUBVEJCBHJBOTJSLVMBTJNBOBTBKB
EJTUFOTJCJMJUBTOZB BLBO NFOKBEJ QFS NN )H BUBV QFSTFO BEBMBI EFOHBO LVSWB ZBOH EJTFCVU LVSWB WPMVNFUFLBOBO
QFSNN)H ,VSWB EFOHBO HBSJT VUVI EJ TFCFMBI LJSJ EBO LBOBO QBEB
(BNCBS CFSUVSVUUVSVU NFSVQBLBO LVSWB WPMVNF
Perbedaan Distensibilitas Arteri dan Vena. UFLBOBO TJTUFN BSUFSJ EBO TJTUFN WFOB TJTUFNJL OPSNBM
4FDBSB BOBUPNJT EJOEJOH BSUFSJ KBVI MFCJI LVBU EBSJQBEB NFNQFSMJIBULBOCBIXBCJMBTJTUFNBSUFSJQBEBTFPSBOHEFXBTB
EJOEJOH WFOB "LJCBUOZB SBUBSBUB EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT WFOB LJSB SBUBSBUB NFMJQVUJTFNVBBSUFSJCFTBS BSUFSJLFDJM EBOBSUFSJPM

LJSB EFMBQBO LBMJMFCJI CFTBS EJCBOEJOHLBO BSUFSJ "SUJOZB UFSJTJEFOHBOTFLJUBSNMEBSBI UFLBOBOBSUFSJSBUBSBUBOZB
EFOHBO LFOBJLBO UFLBOBO UFSUFOUV BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO BEBMBI NN )H UFUBQJ CJMB IBOZB UFSJTJ EFOHBO NM
QFOJOHLBUBO WPMVNF EBSBI EJ TFCVBI WFOB LJSBLJSB TFCBOZBL UFLBOBOOZBNFOVSVOTBNQBJOPM
EFMBQBOLBMJEBSJQBEBEJBSUFSJZBOHCFSVLVSBOTFCBOEJOH %J TFMVSVI TJTUFN WFOB TJTUFNJL WPMVNF EBSBI CJBTBOZB
%JTUFOTJCJMJUBT WFOB EJ TJSLVMBTJ QBSV TFSVQB EFOHBO WFOB CFSLJTBSEBSJTBNQBJNM EBOQFSVCBIBO WPMVNF
TJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJL"LBOUFUBQJ BSUFSJQVMNPOBMJTCJBTBOZBCFLFSKB TFCBOZBL CFCFSBQB SBUVT NJMJNFUFS EJQFSMVLBO VOUVL NFOHV
QBEBUFLBOBOTFLJUBSTFQFSFOBNUFLBOBOBSUFSJTJTUFNBSUFSJTJTUF CBI UFLBOBO WFOB IBOZB TFCFTBS TBNQBJ NN )H )BM UFS
TFCVUNFOKFMBTLBOCBIXBTFCBOZBLTFUFOHBIMJUFSEBSBIEBQBU
167
Unit IV Sirkulasi
om
lam plia
ba ns
Peningkatan
t
e anan (mm Hg)

angsangan simpatis
volume
Pengurangan
e anan (mm Hg)
volume
n ibisi simpatis
olume normal ns
plia
om mbat
la
istem arteri
istem vena
en
Gambar 1 - Pengaru pen untikan sejumla dara ke dalam
sebua segmen vena ter adap tekanan intravaskutar dan
Volume (ml)
pinda n a sejumla kelebi an dara ang terjadi kemudian
(BNCBS1 -1 urva volume-tekanan sistem arteri dan sistem menunjukkan prinsip komplians lambat
vena menunjukkan e ek rangsangan atau in ibisi sara
simpatis ter adap sistem sirkulasi
SB NFOZFCBCLBO EJTUFOTJ FMBTUJT QBEB WFOB OBNVO LFNVEJBO
EJUSBOTGVTJLBO LF PSBOH TFIBU IBOZB EBMBN XBLUV CFCFSBQB TFSBUPUPUQPMPTWFOBNVMBJNFOKVMVSNFOKBEJMFCJIQBOKBOH EBO
NFOJUUBOQBCBOZBLNFOHVCBIGVOHTJTJSLVMBTJOZB TFIVCVOHBO EFOHBO JUV UFHBOHBOOZB JLVU NFOVSVO &GFL JOJ
NFSVQBLBO LBSBLUFSJTUJL TFNVB KBSJOHBO PUPU QPMPT EBO EJTFCVU
Pengaruh Rangsangan Simpatis atau Inhibisi TUSFTSFMBLTBTJ ZBOHTVEBIEJKFMBTLBOEJ#BC
Simpatis Terhadap Hubungan Volume-Tekanan ,PNQMJBOT MBNCBU BEBMBI TVBUV NFLBOJTNF QFOUJOH ZBOH
Sistem Arteri dan Vena. 1BEB (BNCBS KVHB UFSMJIBU NFOZFCBCLBO TJSLVMBTJ EBQBU NFOBNQVOH UBNCBIBO EBSBI CJMB
QFOHBSVI SBOHTBOHBO BUBV JOIJCJTJ TBSBG TJNQBUJT WBTLVMBS EJQFSMVLBO NJTBMOZB TFTVEBI USBOTGVTJ EBMBN KVNMBI CFTBS
UFSIBEBQLVSWBWPMVNFUFLBOBO1FOJOHLBUBOUPOVTPUPUQPMPT ,PNQMJBOTMBNCBUEBMBNBSBICFSMBXBOBOBEBMBITBMBITBUVDBSB
WBTLVMBS ZBOH EJTFCBCLBO PMFI SBOHTBOHBO TJNQBUJT UFMBI UFSKBEJOZBQFOZFTVBJBOTJSLVMBTJTFDBSBPUPNBUJTTFMBNBCFSNFOJU
UFSCVLUJBLBONFOJOHLBULBOUFLBOBOQBEBTFUJBQWPMVNFBSUFSJ NFOJU BUBV CFSKBNKBN UFSIBEBQ QFOHVSBOHBO WPMVNF EBSBI
BUBV WFOB TFEBOHLBO JOIJCJTJ TJNQBUJT BLBO NFOVSVOLBO TFUFMBIUFSKBEJOZBQFSEBSBIBOTFSJVT
UFLBOBO QBEB TFUJBQ WPMVNF 1FOHFOEBMJBO QFNCVMVI PMFI
TJNQBUJT TFQFSUJ JOJ NFSVQBLBO DBSB CFSIBSHB VOUVL
NFOHVSBOHJ VLVSBO TVBUV TFHNFO TJSLVMBTJ ZBJUV EBQBU Pulsasi Tekanan Arteri
NFNJOEBILBOEBSBILFTFHNFOMBJO$POUPIOZB QFOJOHLBUBO
4FUJBQ LBMJ KBOUVOH CFSEFOZVU UFSEBQBU HFMPNCBOH EBSBI CBSV
UPOVTWBTLVMBSEJTFMVSVITJSLVMBTJTJTUFNJLTFSJOHLBMJNFOZF
NFOHJTJ BSUFSJ #JMB UJEBL BEB EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT TJTUFN BSUFSJ TFNVB
CBCLBO TFKVNMBI CFTBS WPMVNF EBSBI CFSQJOEBI EBMBN
EBSBI UFSTFCVU BLBO TFHFSB NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ QFNCVMVI EBSBI
KBOUVOH IBM JOJ NFSVQBLBO TBMBI TBUV DBSB VUBNB ZBOH
QFSJGFS IBOZB TFMBNB QFSJPEF TJTUPM EBO UJEBL BLBO BEB EBSBI
EJHVOBLBO PMFI UVCVI VOUVL NFOJOHLBULBO QFNPNQBBO
NFOHBMJSTFMBNBEJBTUPM/BNVOQBEBLFBEBBOOPSNBM LPNQMJBOT
KBOUVOH
QFSDBCBOHBO BSUFSJ BLBO NFOVSVOLBO QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO TBNQBJ
1FOHBUVSBO LBQBTJUBOTJ WBTLVMBS EFOHBO DBSB TJNQBUJTKVHB IBNQJS UJEBL CFSQVMTBTJ QBEB TBBU EBSBI NFODBQBJ LBQJMFS PMFI
TBOHBUQFOUJOHTFXBLUVQFSEBSBIBO1FOHVBUBOUPOVTTJNQBUJT LBSFOB JUV BMJSBO EBSBI KBSJOHBO CFSMBOHTVOH UFSVUBNB TFDBSB
QFNCVMVI UFSVUBNB UFSIBEBQ WFOB BLBO NFOHVSBOHJ UFSVTNFOFSVTEFOHBOQVMTBTJZBOHTBOHBULFDJM
VLVSBO QFNCVMVI TFIJOHHB TJTUFN TJSLVMBTJ EBQBU UFSVT
CFSKBMBO NFOEFLBUJ OPSNBM NFTLJQVO EBSBI UFMBIUFSCVBOH 4FCVBI SFLBNBO LIBT QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO QBEB CBHJBO QSPLTJNBM
TFCBOZBLQFSTFOEBSJWPMVNFEBSBIUPUBM BPSUBEJQFSMJIBULBOQBEB(BNCBS1BEBPSBOHEFXBTBTFIBU
UFLBOBO QBEB QVODBL TFUJBQ QVMTBTJ EJTFCVU UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL
Komplians Pembuluh Tertunda (Stres-Relaksasi) MTUJMBI BEBMBI TFLJUBS NN )H 1BEB UJUJL UFSFOEBI TFUJBQ QVMTBTJ
LPNQMJBOTUFSUVOEBCFSBSUJCBIXBQFNCVMVIZBOHNFOHBMBNJ EJTFCVU UFLBOBO EJBTUPMJL OJMBJOZB TFLJUBS NN )H 1FSCFEBBO
QFOJOHLBUBO WPMVNF NVMBNVMB BLBO NFNQFSMJIBULBO OJMBJBOUBSBLFEVBUFLBOBOJOJTFLJUBSNN)H EJTFCVUUFLBOBO
QFOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO CFTBS UFUBQJ SFHBOHBO PUPU QPMPT ZBOH OBEJ
MBNCBU EBO QSPHSFTJG QBEB EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI NFNVOHLJOLBO %VBGBLUPSVUBNBZBOHNFNFOHBSVIJUFLBOBOOBEJ
DVSBI
UFLBOBOVOUVLLFNCBMJOPSNBMTFUFMBICFSNFOJUNFOJUTBNQBJ JTJ TFLVODVQ KBOUVOH EBO
LPNQMJBOT EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT UPUBM

CFSKBNKBN &GFL UFSTFCVU EJQFSMJIBULBO QBEB (BNCBS QFSDBCBOHBOBSUFSJ'BLUPSLFUJHB UFUBQJLVSBOHQFOUJOHCFSQFSBO
1BEB HBNCBS JOJ UFLBOBO EJDBUBU QBEB TVBUV TFHNFO LFDJM EJ BEBMBITJGBUFKFLTJEBSJKBOUVOHTFMBNBQFSJPEFTJTUPM
TFCVBIWFOBZBOHLFEVBVKVOHOZBEJTVNCBU4FKVNMBIWPMVNF
EBSBIUBNCBIBOTFDBSBNFOEBEBLEJTVOUJLLBOTBNQBJUFLBOBO 1BEBVNVNOZB NBLJOCFTBSDVSBIJTJTFLVODVQ NBLJOCFTBS
NFOJOHLBU EBSJ NFOKBEJ NN )H .FTLJQVO UJEBL BEB QVMB KVNMBI EBSBI ZBOH IBSVT EJUBNQVOH EJ QFSDBCBOHBO BSUFSJ
EBSBI QJOEBI TFUFMBI QFOZVOUJLBO UFLBOBO TFHFSB NFOVSVO QBEB TFUJBQ EFOZVU KBOUVOH EBO PMFI LBSFOB JUV NBLJO CFTBS
EBO NFOEFLBUJ OJMBJ TFLJUBS NN )H TFUFMBI CFCFSBQB NFOJU QFOJOHLBUBO EBO QFOVSVOBO UFLBOBO TFMBNB TJTUPM EBO EJBTUPM
%FOHBOLBUBMBJO WPMVNFEBSBIZBOHEJTVOUJLLBOTFHF BLBONFOZFCBCLBONBLJOCFTBSOZBUFLBOBOOBEJ4FCBMJLOZB NB
168
Bab 15 Distensbilitas Vaskular sena Fungsi Sistem Vena dan Arteri
Penurunan diastole
eksponensial dapat 1BEB EVLUVT BSUFSJPTVT NFOFUBQ TFQBSVI BUBV MFCJI EBSBI
Peningkatan
akik didistorsi ole gelombang ZBOH EJQPNQB LF EBMBN BPSUB PMFI WFOUSJLFM LJSJ TFHFSB
lambat ang mengikutin a
menuju pun ak lan ip NFOHBMJSLFNCBMJNFMBMVJEVLUVTZBOHUFSCVLBMFCBSLFEBMBN
BSUFSJ QVMNPOBMJT EBO QFNCVMVI EBSBI QBSV TFIJOHHB
UNIT IV
120
NFNVOHLJOLBOUFLBOBOEJBTUPMJLVOUVLUVSVOESBTUJTTFCFMVN
EFOZVUKBOUVOHCFSJLVUOZB
1BEB SFHVSHJUBTJ BPSUB LBUVQ BPSUB UJEBL BEB BUBV UJEBL
e anan (mm Hg)
EBQBU NFOVUVQ TFQFOVIOZB 0MFI LBSFOB JUV TFUFMBI TFUJBQ

80
LBMJ KBOUVOH CFSEFOZVU EBSBI ZBOH CBSV TBKB EJQPNQB LF
Peningkatan
tajam
EBMBNBPSUBBLBOTFHFSBNFOHBMJSLFNCBMJLFEBMBNWFOUSJLFM
LJSJ "LJCBUOZB UFLBOBO BPSUB EBQBU UVSVO NFOKBEJ OPM EJ
60
BOUBSB EFOZVU KBOUVOH +VHB UJEBL UFSEBQBU UBLJL QBEB
HBNCBSBO QVMTBTJ BPSUB LBSFOB UJEBL UFSEBQBU LBUVQ BPSUB
VOUVLNFOVUVQ
40
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
e
ran m ul a e anan
Gambar - Gambaran pulsasi tekanan dalam aorta asenden
e r er er er
1BEB TBBU KBOUVOH NFNPNQB EBSBI LF EBMBN BPSUB TFMBNB
NBLJO LFDJM LPNQMJBOT TJTUFN BSUFSJ NBLJO CFTBS LFOBJLBO TJTUPM NVMBNVMB IBOZB CBHJBO QSPLTJNBM BPSUB ZBOH NFOHB
UFLBOBO ZBOH BLBO UFSKBEJ BLJCBU JTJ TFLVODVQ EBSBI ZBOH MBNJ EJTUFOTJ LBSFOB TJGBU JOFSTJB EBSBI BLBO NFODFHBI QFSHF
EJQPNQB LF EBMBN BSUFSJ .JTBMOZB TFQFSUJ ZBOH EJQFSMJIBULBO SBLBOEBSBIZBOHUJCBUJCBLFQFSJGFS"LBOUFUBQJ QFOJOHLBUBO
PMFILVSWBQBMJOHBUBTCBHJBOUFOHBIQBEB(BNCBS UFLBOBO UFLBOBO EJ BPSUB QSPLTJNBM EFOHBO DFQBU BLBO NFOHJNCBOHJ
OBEJ QBEB PSBOH MBOKVU VTJB LBEBOHLBEBOH NFOJOHLBU TBNQBJ TJGBUJOFSTJBUFSTFCVUEBOCBHJBONVLBHFMPNCBOHEJTUFOTJBLBO
EVB LBMJ OJMBJ OPSNBM LBSFOB BSUFSJ NFOKBEJ MFCJI LBLV BLJCBU NFOZFCBS TFNBLJO KBVI EJ TFQBOKBOH BPSUB TFQFSUJ EJQFSMJ
BSUFSJPTLMFSPTJTEBOLBSFOBOZB BSUFSJSFMBUJGUJEBLMFOUVS IBULBO QBEB (BNCBS )BM JOJ EJTFCVU USBOTNJTJ QVMTBTJ
,FOZBUBBOOZB UFLBOBO OBEJ EJUFOUVLBO LJSBLJSB PMFI SBTJP UFLBOBOEJEBMBNBSUFSJ
DVSBI JTJ TFLVODVQ UFSIBEBQ LPNQMJBOT QFSDBCBOHBO BSUFSJ 4F ,FDFQBUBOUSBOTNJTJQVMTBTJUFLBOBOEJBPSUBOPSNBMBEBMBI
UJBQ LPOEJTJ TJSLVMBTJ ZBOH NFNFOHBSVIJ TBMBI TBUV BUBV LFEVB TBNQBJ NEFUJL EJ DBCBOH BSUFSJ CFTBS TBNQBJ N
GBLUPSUFSTFCVUKVHBBLBONFNFOHBSVIJUFLBOBOOBEJ EFUJL EBO EJ BSUFSJ LFDJM TBNQBJ NEFUJL 1BEB VNVN
5FLBOBOOBEJ ª WPMVNFJTJTFLVODVQLPNQMJBOTBSUFSJ OZB NBLJO CFTBS LPNQMJBOT TFUJBQ TFHNFO WBTLVMBS NBLJO
MBNCBU LFDFQBUBO USBOTNJTJOZB ZBOH NFOKFMBTLBO MBNCBUOZB
(BNCBSBO1VMTBTJ5FLBOBOZBOH"COPSNBM USBOTNJTJEJBPSUBEBOMFCJIDFQBUOZBUSBOTNJTJEJBSUFSJEJTUBM
#FCFSBQB LPOEJTJ TJSLVMBTJ KVHB NFOZFCBCLBO HBNCBSBO BCOPS CFSVLVSBO LFDJM EFOHBO LPNQMJBOT MFCJI LFDJM %J BPSUB LFDF
NBM QBEB HFMPNCBOH QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO TFMBJO QFSVCBIBO UFLBOBO QBUBOUSBOTNJTJQVMTBTJUFLBOBOTFCFTBSLBMJBUBVMFCJIEBSJ
OBEJ:BOHTBOHBUNFOPOKPMEJBOUBSBOZBUFSEBQBUQBEBTUFOPTJT LFDFQBUBOBMJSBOEBSBILBSFOBUFLBOBOQVMTBTJIBOZBMBITVBUV
BPSUB EVLUVTBSUFSJPTVTNFOFUBQ EBOSFHVSHJUBTJBPSUB NBTJOH
NBTJOHEJQFSMJIBULBOQBEB(BNCBS
1BEB TUFOPTJT LBUVQ BPSUB EJBNFUFS QFNCVLBBO LBUVQ BPSUB Wave fronts
CFSLVSBOH TFDBSB CFSNBLOB EBO QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO BPSUB TBOHBU
NFOVSVO BLJCBU QFOVSVOBO BMJSBO EBSBI LFMVBS NFMBMVJ LBUVQ
ZBOHTUFOPUJL
160
120
80
Normal Arteriosklerosis Aortic stenosis
e anan (mm Hg)
160
120
80
Normal
40
uktus arteriosus regurgitasi
paten aorta
0
Gambar 1 - Gambaran pulsasi tekanan aorta pada Figure 15-5 Progressive stages in transmission of the
arteriosklerosis stenosis aorta duktus arteriosus menetap pressure pulse along the aorta.
dan regurgitasi aorta
169
Unit IV Sirkulasi
QFSHFSBLBO HFMPNCBOH UFLBOBO EBO NFMJCBULBO TFEJLJU dan diastolik se ara tidak langsung biasan a dengan mengguna-
QFSHFSBLBOUPUBMWPMVNFEBSBILFBSBIEFQBO kan l
Peredaman Pulsasi Tekanan dalam Arteri Kecil, Cara Auskultasi. (BNCBS NFNQFSMJIBULBO DBSB
Arteriol, dan Kapiler. (BNCBS NFNQFSMJIBULBO BVTLVMUBTJVOUVLNFOFOUVLBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJTJTUPMJLEBOEJBTUPMJL
QFSVCBIBO HBNCBSBO QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO LIBT LFUJLB QVMTBTJ 4FCVBI TUFUPTLPQ EJMFUBLLBO EJ BUBT BSUFSJ EJ CBHJBO MJQBU TJLV
CFSKBMBO LF QFNCVMVI QFSJGFS 1FSIBUJLBO UFSVUBNB QBEB BOUFLVCJUJ
EBOEJTFLFMJMJOHMFOHBOBUBTEJQBTBOHTFCVBINBOTFU
LFUJHB LVSWB CBHJBO CBXBI ZBJUV JOUFOTJUBT QVMTBTJ NFOKBEJ UFLBOBO EBSBI ZBOH EJHFNCVOHLBO 4FMBNB NBOTFU NFOFLBO
CFSLVSBOH TFDBSB QSPHSFTJG EJ BSUFSJ LFDJM BSUFSJPM EBO MFOHBOEFOHBOUFLBOBOZBOHUFSMBMVLFDJMVOUVLNFOZVNCBUBSUFSJ
UFSVUBNB LBQJMFS 1BEB LFOZBUBBOOZB QVMTBTJ EBQBU UFSMJIBU CSBLJBMJT UJEBL BLBO UFSEFOHBS CVOZJ BSUFSJ UFSTFCVU NFMBMVJ
QBEBLBQJMFSIBOZBCJMBQVMTBTJBPSUBTBOHBUCFTBSBUBVBSUFSJPM TUFUPTLPQ /BNVO CJMB UFLBOBO EBMBN NBOTFU JUV DVLVQ CFTBS
TBOHBUCFSEJMBUBTJ VOUVL NFOZVNCBU BSUFSJ TFMBNB TFCBHJBO TJLMVT UFLBOBO BSUFSJ
1FOVSVOBO QSPHSFTJG QVMTBTJ EJ QFSJGFS EJTFCVU QFSFEBNBO CVOZJBLBOUFSEFOHBSQBEBTFUJBQQVMTBTJ #VOZJCVOZJJOJEJTFCVU
QVMTBTJ UFLBOBO 1FOZFCBC IBM JOJ UFSCBHJ EVB
UBIBOBO CVOZJ ,PSPULPGG EJOBNBLBO TFTVBJ /JLPMBJ ,PSPULPGG TFPSBOH
UFSIBEBQ QFSHFSBLBO EBSBI EBMBN QFNCVMVI EBO
EPLUFS3VTJBZBOHNFOEFTLSJQTJLBOOZBQBEBUBIVO
LPNQMJBOTQFNCVMVI5BIBOBOBLBONFSFEBNQVMTBTJLBSFOB
TFKVNMBILFDJMEBSBIIBSVTNFOHBMJSNBKVQBEBCBHJBOEFQBO
HFMPNCBOH QVMTBTJ VOUVL NFSFHBOHLBO TFHNFO CFSJLVUOZB
e anan (mm Hg)

EBSJ QFNCVMVI TFNBLJO CFTBS UBIBOBO TFNBLJO TVMJU IBM JOJ
UFSKBEJ,PNQMJBOTBLBONFSFEBNQVMTBTJLBSFOBNBLJOMFOUVS
TVBUVQFNCVMVI NBLJOCBOZBLKVNMBIEBSBIEJQFSMVLBOQBEB
CBHJBO EFQBO HFMPNCBOH QVMTBTJ VOUVL NFOJNCVMLBO
LFOBJLBOUFLBOBO0MFILBSFOBJUV EFSBKBUQFSFEBNBOIBNQJS
CFSCBOEJOHMBOHTVOHEFOHBOIBTJMUBIBOBOEJLBMJLPNQMJBOT
Metode Minis untuk Mengukur Tekanan Sistolik dan

Tekanan Diastolik. a u e
1FOHHVOBBOBMBUQFSFLBNUFLBOBOZBOHNFOHIBSVTLBOKBSVN
NBTVLLFEBMBNBSUFSJVOUVLQFOHVLVSBOSVUJOUFLBOBOEBSBI
BSUFSJQBEBQBTJFONBOVTJBUJEBLQBOUBTEJMBLVLBO XBMBVQVO uara
DBSB UFSTFCVU LBEBOHLBEBOH EJQFSMVLBO QBEB TUVEJ LIVTVT
4FCBHBJHBOUJOZB QBSBLMJOJTJNFOFOUVLBOUFLBOBOTJTUPMJL
Sistol Diastol Insisura

160
120
80 240
20
mmHg
orta proksimal
rteri emoral
rteri radial
Arteriola
apiler
0 1 2
a u e
Gambar 15-6 Perubahan gambaran tekanan nadi seiring Gambar 1 - ara auskultasi untuk mengukur
dengan perjalanan gelombang pulsasi ke pembuluh yang lebih tekanan arteri sistolik dan diastolik.
kecil.
170
#VOZJ ,PSPULPGG EJTFCBCLBO UFSVUBNB PMFI TFNCVSBO EBSBI

NFMFXBUJ QFNCVMVI EFOHBO IBNCBUBO QBSTJBM TFSUB PMFI HFUBSBO
Sistolik
e anan (mm Hg)

EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI 4FNCVSBO EBSBI JOJ NFOJNCVMLBO BMJSBO
UVSCVMFOEJEBMBNQFNCVMVIEJMVBSEBFSBINBOTFU EBOLFBEBBO ata-rata
UNIT IV
JOJBLBONFOJNCVMLBOHFUBSBOZBOHUFSEFOHBSNFMBMVJTUFUPTLPQ
%BMBN NFOFOUVLBO UFLBOBO EBSBI EFOHBO DBSB BVTLVMUBTJ Diastolik
UFLBOBO EBMBN NBOTFU NVMBNVMB EJOBJLLBO TBNQBJ EJ BUBT
UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL BSUFSJ 4FMBNB UFLBOBO NBOTFU MFCJI UJOHHJ
EBSJQBEB UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL BSUFSJ CSBLJBMJT BLBO UFUBQ LPMBQT EBO
UJEBL BLBO BEB EBSBI NFOHBMJS LF EBMBN BSUFSJ ZBOH MFCJI EJTUBM
TFMBNB TJLMVT QFOFLBOBO 0MFI LBSFOB JUV UJEBL BLBO UFSEFOHBS a a un
CVOZJ,PSPULPGGEJBSUFSJEJTUBM/BNVOLFNVEJBOUFLBOBOEBMBN Ganbar 1 - Peruba an tekanan arteri sistolik diastolik
NBOTFUTFDBSBCFSUBIBQEJLVSBOHJ#FHJUVUFLBOBOEBMBNNBOTFU dan rata-rata seiring dengan berjalann a usia aera
ang berba ang menunjukkan perkiraan kisaran nilai normal
UVSVO EJ CBXBI UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL UJUJL # (BNCBS
EBSBI
NVMBJ NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ BSUFSJ EJ EJTUBM NBOTFU TFMBNB QVODBL
UFLBOBOTJTUPMJL EBOLJUBNVMBJNFOEFOHBSCVOZJCFSEFUBLBSUFSJ
NFNQFSMJIBULBO QFSVCBIBO OZBUB TFJSJOH EFOHBO CFSKBMBOOZB
BOUFLVCJUJZBOHTJOLSPOEFOHBOEFOZVUKBOUVOH#FHJUVCVOZJJOJ
VTJB UFSVUBNB TFUFMBI VTJB UBIVO TVEBI EJLFUBIVJ EFOHBO
NVMBJUFSEFOHBS OJMBJUFLBOBOZBOHEJUVOKVLLBOPMFINBOPNFUFS
KFMBT
ZBOH UFSIVCVOH EFOHBO NBOTFU LJSBLJSB TBNB EFOHBO UFLBOBO
4FEJLJU QFOJOHLBUBO UBNCBIBO EBSJ UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL CJBTBOZB
TJTUPMJL
UFSKBEJ TFUFMBI VTJB UBIVO )BM JOJ EJTFCBCLBO PMFI QFOVSV
#JMB UFLBOBO EBMBN NBOTFU EJUVSVOLBO MFCJI MBOKVU UFSKBEJ OBO EJTUFOTJCJMJUBT BUBV QFOHFSBTBO BSUFSJ TFSJOH EJTFCBCLBO
QFSVCBIBO LVBMJUBT CVOZJ ,PSPULPGG LVBMJUBT EFUBLOZB NFOKBEJ PMFI BUFSPTLMFSPTJT %BNQBL BLIJSOZB BEBMBI UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL
CFSLVSBOHEBOCVOZJOZBNFOKBEJMFCJICFSJSBNBEBOMFCJILBTBS MFCJI UJOHHJ EFOHBO QFOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO OBEJ ZBOH CFTBS
,FNVEJBO BLIJSOZB TFXBLUV UFLBOBO NBOTFU UVSVO NFOEFLBUJ TFQFSUJZBOHEJKFMBTLBOTFCFMVNOZB
UFLBOBO EJBTUPM LVBMJUBT CVOZJ UJCBUJCB CFSVCBI NFOKBEJ SFEVQ
UJUJL$ (BNCBS
)FOEBLOZBEJTJNBLUFLBOBONBOPNFUFS
TBBU CVOZJ ,PSPULPGG CFSVCBI LVBMJUBTOZB NFOKBEJ SFEVQ EBO Tekanan Arteri Rata-rata.5FLBOBOBSUFSJSBUBSBUBBEBMBI
UFLBOBO JOJ LVSBOH MFCJI TBNB EFOHBO UFLBOBO EJBTUPMJL NFT OJMBJ SBUBSBUB EBSJ UFLBOBO BSUFSJ ZBOH EJVLVS NJMJEFUJL QFS
LJQVO TFEJLJU MFCJI UJOHHJ EBSJ QFOFUBQBO UFLBOBO EJBTUPMJL NJMJEFUJL TFMBNB QFSJPEF XBLUV UFSUFOUV /JMBJ JOJ UJEBL TBNB
MBOHTVOH NFOHHVOBLBO LBUFUFS JOUSBBSUFSJBM 4BBU UFLBOBO EFOHBO SBUBSBUB UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL EBO EJBTUPMJL LBSFOB QBEB
NBOTFU UVSVO CFCFSBQB NN )H MBHJ BSUFSJ UFSTFCVU UJEBL GSFLVFOTJ KBOUVOH OPSNBM CBHJBO TJLMVT KBOUVOH ZBOH MFCJI
UFSTVNCBU MBHJ TFMBNB EJBTUPM CFSBSUJ CBIXB GBLUPS EBTBS ZBOH CFTBS EJMVBOHLBO TFXBLUV EJBTUPM EBO CVLBO TJTUPM TFIJOHHB
NFOZFCBCLBO UJNCVMOZB CVOZJ ZBJUV TFNCVSBO EBSBI NFMFXBUJ UFLBOBOBSUFSJMFCJINFOEFLBUJOJMBJUFLBOBOEJBTUPMJLEBSJQBEB
BSUFSJ ZBOH UFSUFLBO
UJEBL BEB MBHJ 0MFI LBSFOB JUV CVOZJ UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL QBEB TFCBHJBO CFTBS TJLMVT KBOUVOH 0MFI
UFSTFCVU NFOHIJMBOH TFMVSVIOZB #BOZBL BIMJ LMJOJL NFZBLJOJ LBSFOBJUV UFLBOBOBSUFSJSBUBSBUBEJUFUBQLBOTFLJUBSQFSTFO
CBIXB UFLBOBO TBBU CVOZJ ,PSPULPGG NFOHIJMBOH TBNB TFLBMJ EBSJ UFLBOBO EJBTPMJL EBO QFSTFO EBSJ UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL
TFZPHZBOZB EJUFUBQLBO TFCBHBJ UFLBOBO EJBTUPM LFDVBMJ QBEB 1FSIBUJLBO QBEB (BNCBS CBIXB UFLBOBO SBUBSBUB ZBOH
LFBEBBO EJ NBOB NFOHIJMBOHOZB CVOZJ UJEBL EBQBU EJUFUBQLBO EJUVOKVLLBO PMFI HBSJT VUVI EJ UFOHBI
QBEB TFNVB VTJB MFCJI
EFOHBO QBTUJ LBSFOB CVOZJ UFSTFCVU UFUBQ UFSEFOHBS NFTLJQVO NFOEFLBUJUFLBOBOEJBTUPMJLEBSJQBEBUFLBOBOTJTUPMJL/BNVO
NBOTFU UFMBI UFSEFGMBTJ TFNQVSOB 4FCBHBJ DPOUPI QBEB QBTJFO QBEB GSFLVFOTJ KBOUVOH ZBOH TBOHBU UJOHHJ EJBTUPM NFOFNQBUJ
EFOHBO GJTUVMB BSUFSJWFOB VOUVL IFNPEJBMJTJT BUBV EFOHBO GSBLTJMFCJILFDJMEBMBNTJLMVTKBOUVOHEBOUFLBOBOBSUFSJSBUB
JOTVGJTJFOTJBPSUB CVOZJ,PSPULPGGEBQBUUFSEFOHBSTFUFMBIEFGMBTJ SBUBMFCJINFOEFLBUJSBUBSBUBUFLBOBOTJTUPMEBOEJBTUPM
NBOTFUTFNQVSOB
$BSB BVTLVMUBTJ VOUVL NFOFOUVLBO UFLBOBO TJTUPMJL EBO
EJBTUPMJL JOJ UJEBL TFMVSVIOZB BLVSBU OBNVO CJBTBOZB IBOZB Vena dan Fungsinya
CFSCFEBQFSTFOEBSJOJMBJZBOHEJQFSPMFIEFOHBOQFOHVLVSBO
LBUFUFSJTBTJMBOHTVOHEBSJEBMBNBSUFSJ 4FMBNB CFSUBIVOUBIVO WFOB EJBOHHBQ UJEBL MFCJI EBSJQBEB
MJOUBTBO VOUVL BMJSBO EBSBI LF EBMBN KBOUVOH BLBO UFUBQJ
Tekanan Arteri Normal Seperti Diukur dengan Cara TFNBLJO KFMBT CBIXB WFOB NFMBLVLBO GVOHTJ LIVTVT MBJO ZBOH
Auskultasi. (BNCBSNFNQFSMJIBULBOQFSLJSBBOOJMBJOPSNBM EJQFSMVLBO BHBS TJSLVMBTJ EBQBU CFSKBMBO :BOH QFOUJOH
UFLBOBO BSUFSJ TJTUPMJL EBO EJBTUPMJL QBEB CFSCBHBJ VNVS UFSVUBNB WFOB NBNQV CFSLPOTUSJLTJ EBO CFSEJMBUBTJ EBO
1FOJOHLBUBO UFLBOBO QSPHSFTJG TFJSJOH EFOHBO CFSKBMBOOZB VTJB EFOHBOEFNJLJBOEBQBUNFOZJNQBOEBSBIEBMBNKVNMBICFTBS
BEBMBI BLJCBU EBSJ QFOHBSVI QFOVBBO UFSIBEBQ NFLBOJTNF NBVQVO LFDJM TFSUB NFOZFEJBLBOOZB LFNCBMJ CJMB EJQFSMVLBO
LFOEBMJ UFLBOBO EBSBI ,JUB BLBO NFOHFUBIVJ EJ #BC CBIXB PMFI CBHJBO MBJO EBSJ TJSLVMBTJ 7FOB QFSJGFS KVHB EBQBU
HJOKBM UFSVUBNB CFSUBOHHVOH KBXBC VOUVL QFOHBUVSBO KBOHLB NFOEPSPOHEBSBINBKVEFOHBODBSBZBOHEJTFCVUQPNQBWFOB
QBOKBOHUFSIBEBQUFLBOBOBSUFSJEBOGBLUBCBIXBHJOKBMNFNQFS EBO CBILBO EBQBU NFNCBOUV NFOHBUVS DVSBI KBOUVOH TVBUV
GVOHTJZBOHTBOHBUQFOUJOHZBOHEJKFMBTLBOTFDBSBEFUBJMEJ#BC

171
Unit IV Sirkulasi
Tekanan Vena—Tekanan Atrium Kanan (Tekanan Vena

Sentral) dan Tekanan Vena Perifer
6OUVL EBQBU NFNBIBNJ CFSCBHBJ GVOHTJ WFOB QFSUBNBUBNB
QFSMV EJLFUBIVJ TFTVBUV NFOHFOBJ UFLBOBO EBMBN WFOB EBO
IBMIBMZBOHEBQBUNFOHBUVSOZB olaps akibat
tekanan
%BSBIEBSJTFNVBWFOBTJTUFNJLNFOHBMJSLFEBMBNBUSJVN atmos er di le er
LBOBOPMFILBSFOBJUV UFLBOBOEJEBMBNBUSJVNLBOBOEJTFCVU
UFLBOBOWFOBDFOUSBM olaps di tulang rusuk
5FLBOBO BUSJVN LBOBO EJLFOEBMJLBO PMFI TVBUV LFTFJN
olap di ketiak
CBOHBOBOUBSB
LFNBNQVBOKBOUVOHNFNPNQBEBSBILFMV
BSEBSJBUSJVNLBOBOEBOEBSJWFOUSJLFMLFEBMBNQBSVEBO
ekanan intratorakal
LFDFOEFSVOHBO EBSBI VOUVL NFOHBMJS EBSJ WFOB QFSJGFS LF EB = 4 mm Hg
MBN BUSJVN LBOBO #JMB KBOUVOH TFCFMBI LBOBO NFNPNQB EF
OHBOLVBU UFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBOBLBONFOVSVO4FCBMJLOZB LFMF
MBIBOKBOUVOHBLBONFOJOHLBULBOUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBO#FHJUV olaps akibat
QVMB TFUJBQQFOHBSVIZBOHNFOZFCBCLBOEBSBINBTVLTFDBSBDF tekanan
QBUEBSJWFOBQFSJGFSLFEBMBNBUSJVNLBOBOBLBONFOJOHLBULBO abdomen
UFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBO#FCFSBQBGBLUPSZBOHEBQBUNFOJOHLBULBO Gambar 15-9 Titik-titik kompresi yang cenderung menyebabkan
BMJSBOCBMJLWFOBJOJ EBOEBQBUNFOJOHLBULBOUFLBOBOBUSJVNLB kotaps pada vena yang memasuki toraks.
OBO
BEBMBI
QFOJOHLBUBOWPMVNFEBSBI
QFOJOHLBUBOUPOVT OBZBOHNFMBMVJBCEPNFOTFSJOHLBMJUFSLPNQSFTJPMFICFSCBHBJ
QFNCVMVICFTBSEJTFMVSVIUVCVIZBOHCFSBLJCBUOBJLOZBUFLBOBO PSHBO EBO PMFI UFLBOBO JOUSBBCEPNFO TFIJOHHB WFOBWFOB JOJ
WFOBQFSJGFS EBO
EJMBUBTJBSUFSJPM ZBOHNFOVSVOLBOUBIBOBO CJBTBOZB QBMJOH UJEBL NFOHBMBNJ LPMBQT QBSTJBM NFOKBEJ CFOUVL
QFSJGFSEBONFNVOHLJOLBOEBSBINFOHBMJSEFOHBODFQBUEBSJBS PWPJE BUBV NFOZFSVQBJ DFMBI 0MFI TFCBC JUV WFOBWFOB CFTBS
UFSJLFEBMBNWFOB CJBTBOZB NFNCFSJLBO TFCBHJBO UBIBOBO UFSIBEBQ BMJSBO EBSBI
'BLUPSGBLUPSTBNBZBOHNFOHBUVSUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBOKVHB EBO LBSFOBOZB UFLBOBO EJ WFOBWFOB LFDJM ZBOH MFCJI QFSJGFS
JLVUTFSUBNFOHBUVSDVSBIKBOUVOHLBSFOBKVNMBIEBSBIZBOHEJ QBEBTFTFPSBOHZBOHCFSCBSJOHUFSMFOUBOHCJBTBOZB TBNQBJ
QPNQBPMFIKBOUVOHCFSHBOUVOHQBEBLFNBNQVBOKBOUVOHVOUVL NN)HMFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBO
NFNPNQB EBO LFDFOEFSVOHBO EBSBI VOUVL NFOHBMJS LF EBMBN
KBOUVOHEBSJQFNCVMVIQFSJGFS0MFILBSFOBJUV LJUBBLBONFN Pengaruh Tekanan Atrium Kanan yang Tinggi terhadap
CBIBTQFOHBUVSBOUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBOTFDBSBMFCJINFOEBMBNEJ Tekanan Vena Perifer.,FUJLBUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBONFOJOHLBU
#BCZBOHCFSIVCVOHBOEFOHBOQFOHBUVSBODVSBIKBOUVOH NFMFCJIJOJMBJOPSNBMNN)H EBSBINVMBJUFSCFOEVOHEJWFOB
5FLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBOOPSNBMBEBMBITFLJUBSNN)H TBNB CFTBS )BM UFSTFCVU BLBO NFNCVBU WFOB NFOKBEJ MFCBS EBO CBI
EFOHBOUFLBOBOBUNPTGJSEJTFLJUBSUVCVI5FLBOBOJOJEBQBUOBJL LBO UJUJLUJUJL SBXBO LPMBQT EJ WFOB BLBO UFSCVLB CJMB UFLBOBO
NFOKBEJTBNQBJNN)HQBEBLFBEBBOZBOHTBOHBUBCOPS BUSJVN LBOBO NFOJOHLBU NFMFCJIJ TBNQBJ NN )H ,FNV
NBM TFQFSUJ
HBHBM KBOUVOH TFSJVT BUBV
TFTVEBI USBOTGVTJ EJBO CJMB UFLBOBO BUSJVN LBOBO NBTJI UFSVT NFOJOHLBU UBNCB
EBSBINBTJG ZBOHBLBOTBOHBUNFOJOHLBULBOWPMVNFEBSBIUPUBM IBO LFOBJLBO UFLBOBO NFOJNCVMLBO LFOBJLBO ZBOH TFTVBJ QBEB
EBO NFOZFCBCLBO BMJSBO EBSBI EFOHBO KVNMBI CFSMFCJIBO CFSV UFLBOBO WFOB QFSJGFS EJ UVOHLBJ EBO WFOB MBJOOZB 0MFI LBSFOB
TBIBNBTVLLFEBMBNKBOUVOHEBSJQFNCVMVIQFSJGFS IBSVTUFSEBQBULFMFNBIBOKBOUVOHVOUVLNFOJNCVMLBOLFOBJLBO
#BUBTCBXBIVOUVLUFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBOCJBTBOZBTFLJUBSo UFLBOBO BUSJVN LBOBO TFUJOHHJ TBNQBJ NN )H LJUB TFSJOH
TBNQBJoNN)HEJCBXBIUFLBOBOBUNPTGFS5FLBOBOJOJKVHB NFOFNVLBOCBIXBUFLBOBOWFOBQFSJGFSUJEBLUFSMJIBUOBJLCBI
NFSVQBLBO UFLBOBO EBMBN SPOHHB EBEB ZBOH NFOHFMJMJOHJ KBO LBOQBEBTUBEJVNHBHBMKBOUVOHEJOJTFLBMJQVO
UVOH5FLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBONFOEFLBUJOJMBJCBUBTCBXBIUFSTFCVU
CJMBKBOUVOHNFNPNQBEFOHBOTBOHBULVBUBUBVBMJSBOEBSBIZBOH Pengaruh Tekanan Intra-Abdomen terhadap Tekanan
NBTVLLFEBMBNKBOUVOHEBSJQFNCVMVIQFSJGFSTBOHBUNFOVSVO Vena Tungkai. 5FLBOBOOPSNBMEJEBMBNSPOHHBBCEPNFOQBEB
NJTBMOZB TFTVEBIQFSEBSBIBOIFCBU TFTFPSBOH ZBOH UFSMFOUBOH SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS NN )H UFUBQJ
EBQBU NFOJOHLBU NFOKBEJ TBNQBJ NN )H BLJCBU
Tahanan Vena dan Tekanan Vena Perifer LFIBNJMBO UVNPSCFTBS PCFTJUBTBCEPNFOBUBVLFMFCJIBODBJSBO
EJTFCVUBTJUFT
EJSPOHHBBCEPNFO#JMBUFLBOBOJOUSBBCEPNFO
7FOB CFTBS NFNQVOZBJ UBIBOBO ZBOH CFHJUV LFDJM UFSIBEBQ
NFOJOHLBU UFLBOBO EJ WFOB UVOHLBJ IBSVT OBJL EJ BUBT UFLBOBO
BMJSBOEBSBILFUJLBWFOBNFOHBMBNJEJTUFOTJTFIJOHHBUBIBOBO
BCEPNFOBHBSWFOBBCEPNFOUFSCVLBEBONFNVOHLJOLBOEBSBI
NFOKBEJ IBNQJS OPM EBO IBNQJS UJEBL CFSQFOHBSVI "LBO
NFOHBMJS EBSJ UVOHLBJ LF KBOUVOH +BEJ CJMB UFLBOBO JOUSB
UFUBQJ TFQFSUJ UFSMJIBU QBEB (BNCBS LFCBOZBLBO WFOB
BCEPNFO BEBMBI NN )H UFLBOBO ZBOH NVOHLJO QBMJOH
CFTBSZBOHNFNBTVLJUPSBLTNFOHBMBNJLPNQSFTJQBEBTFKVN
SFOEBIEJWFOBGFNPSBMJTKVHBTFLJUBSNN)H
MBIUJUJLPMFIKBSJOHBOTFLJUBSOZB TFIJOHHBBMJSBOEBSBINFOKB
EJ UFSIBNCBU QBEB UJUJLUJUJL UFSTFCVU $POUPIOZB WFOB EBSJ Pengaruh Tekanan Gravitasi terhadap Tekanan Vena
MFOHBO UFSLPNQSFTJ PMFI MFOHLVOHBO UBKBNOZB NFMFXBUJ UVMB %J TFNVB CBHJBO BJS ZBOH UFSQBQBS PMFI VEBSB UFLBOBO QBEB
OHSVTVLQFSUBNB+VHB UFLBOBOEJWFOBMFIFSTFSJOHLBMJUVSVO QFSNVLBBO BJS BEBMBI TBNB EFOHBO UFLBOBO BUNPTGFS OBNVO
CFHJUVSFOEBITFIJOHHBUFLBOBOBUNPTGJSEJMVBSMFIFSNFOZF UFLBOBONFOJOHLBUNN)HVOUVLTFUJBQQFOVSVOBO NN
CBCLBOWFOBWFOBUFSTFCVUNFOKBEJLPMBQT5FSBLIJS WFOBWF
172
EBSJ QFSNVLBBO 5FLBOBO JOJ EJBLJCBULBO PMFI CFSBU BJS EBO OKBOHQFSKBMBOBOOZB"MBTBOVOUVLIBMJOJBEBMBICBIXBTFUJBQ
LBSFOBJUVEJTFCVUUFLBOBOHSBWJUBTJBUBVUFLBOBOIJESPTUBUJL LFDFOEFSVOHBO UFLBOBO VOUVL OBJL EJ BUBT OJMBJ UFSTFCVU BLBO
NFNCVLBWFOBEBONFNVOHLJOLBOUFLBOBOUVSVOLFNCBMJLF
5FLBOBO HSBWJUBTJ KVHB UJNCVM EJ TJTUFN WBTLVMBS NBOVTJB
OPM BLJCBU BMJSBO EBSBI 4FCBMJLOZB TFUJBQ LFDFOEFSVOHBO
BLJCBU CFSBU EBSBI EJ EBMBN QFNCVMVI TFQFSUJ UFSMJIBU QBEB
UFLBOBO VOUVL UVSVO EJ CBXBI OPM BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO WFOB
UNIT IV
(BNCBS #JMB TFTFPSBOH CFSEJSJ UFLBOBO EJ BUSJVN LBOBO
TFNBLJO LPMBQT ZBOH TFMBOKVUOZB NFOJOHLBULBO UBIBOBOOZB
UFUBQTFLJUBSNN)HLBSFOBKBOUVOHNFNPNQBLFEBMBNBSUFSJ
EBONFOHFNCBMJLBOUFLBOBOWFOBNFOKBEJOPMMBHJ
TFUJBQLFMFCJIBOEBSBIZBOHCFSVTBIBNFOVNQVLEJUFNQBUJOJ
"LBOUFUBQJ QBEBTFPSBOHEFXBTBZBOHCFSEJSJEJBNTBNBTFLBMJ %J QJIBL MBJO WFOBWFOB EBMBN UFOHLPSBL CFSBEB EJ EBMBN
UFLBOBO EJ WFOB LBLJ TFLJUBS NN )H BLJCBU CFSBU HSBWJUBTJ SVBOHBO ZBOH UJEBL EBQBU LPMBQT SPOHHB UFOHLPSBL
TFIJOHHB
EBSBI EJ WFOB BOUBSB KBOUVOH EBO LBLJ 5FLBOBO WFOB QBEB WFOBWFOB UFSTFCVU UJEBL EBQ BU LPMBQT "LJCBUOZB UFLBOBO
LFUJOHHJBO UVCVI MBJOOZB TFDBSB QSPQPSTJPOBM CFTBSOZB BOUBSB OFHBUJG EBQBU UJNCVM EJ TJOVTTJOVT EVSBM LFQBMB QBEB QPTJTJ
EBONN)H CFSEJSJ UFLBOBO WFOB EJ TJOVT TBHJUBMJT ZBOH CFSBEB EJ QVODBL
LFQBMB CFTBSOZB TFLJUBS NN )H BLJCBU QFOHJTBQBO
%J WFOB MFOHBO UFLBOBO QBEB UJUJL TFUJOHHJ UVMBOH SVTVL IJESPTUBUJLBOUBSBQVODBLUFOHLPSBL
UFSBUBT CJBTBOZB TFLJUBS NN )H BLJCBU LPNQSFTJ WFOB
EBOEBTBSUFOHLPSBL0MFILBSFOBJUV CJMBTJOVTTBHJUBMJTEJ
TVCLMBWJB TFXBLUV NFMFXBUJ UVMBOH SVTVL UFSTFCVU 5FLBOBO
CVLB TFMBNB UJOEBLBO PQFSBTJ VEBSB EBQBU TFHFSB UFSJTBQ LF
HSBWJUBTJ EJ TFQBOKBOH MFOHBO LFNVEJBO EJUFOUVLBO PMFI
EBMBN TJTUFN WFOB VEBSB CBILBO EBQBU UFSVT CFSKBMBO LF
KBSBLOZBEBSJUVMBOHSVTVLJOJ+BEJ CJMBTFMJTJIHSBWJUBTJQBEB
CBXBI NFOJNCVMLBO FNCPMJ VEBSB EJ KBOUVOH EBO EBQBU
UJUJL BOUBSB UVMBOH SVTVL EBO UBOHBO BEBMBI NN )H
UFSKBEJLFNBUJBO
UFLBOBO HSBWJUBTJ JOJ EJUBNCBI EFOHBO NN )H ZBOH
EJTFCBCLBOPMFILPNQSFTJWFOBLFUJLBNFMFXBUJUVMBOHSVTVL
TFIJOHHB CFTBS UFLBOBO UPUBM EJ WFOB UBOHBO BEBMBI NN Pengaruh Faktor Gravitasi terhadap Tekanan Arteri dan
)H Tekanan Lainnya. 'BLUPS HSBWJUBTJ KVHB NFNFOHBSVIJ
7FOBWFOB MFIFS QBEB PSBOH ZBOH CFSEJSJ UFHBL IBNQJS UFLBOBO EJ BSUFSJ QFSJGFS EBO LBQJMFS TFMBJO QFOHBSVIOZB QBEB
TFQFOVIOZB LPMBQT TFQBOKBOH QFSKBMBOBOOZB LF UFOHLPSBL WFOB$POUPIOZB QBEBTFTFPSBOHZBOHCFSEJSJEBONFNQVOZBJ
BLJCBU UFLBOBO BUNPTGFS EJ MVBS MFIFS ,PMBQTOZB WFOB JOJ UFLBOBO BSUFSJ SBUBSBUB NN )H QBEB UJOHLBUBO TFUJOHHJ
NFOZFCBCLBOUFLBOBOEJWFOBWFOBUFSTFCVUUFUBQOPMEJTFQB KBOUVOHBLBONFNQVOZBJUFLBOBOBSUFSJEJLBLJTFLJUBSNN
)H0MFILBSFOBJUV CJMBTFTFPSBOHNFOZBUBLBOCBIXBUFLBOBO
inus sagital BSUFSJOZBTFCFTBSNN)H IBMJOJVNVNOZBCFSBSUJCBIXB
mm UFLBOBO UFSTFCVU NFSVQBLBO UFLBOBO QBEB UJOHLBUBO HSBWJUBTJ
TFUJOHHJ KBOUVOH UFUBQJ UJEBL CFSMBLV QBEB QFNCVMVI BSUFSJ EJ
UFNQBUMBJO
mm
mm
Katup Vena dan "Pornpa Vena": Pengaruhnya
mm terhadap Tekanan Vena
mm +JLB UJEBL BEB LBUVQ EBMBN WFOB FGFL UFLBOBO HSBWJUBTJ BLBO
NFOZFCBCLBOUFLBOBOWFOBEJLBLJTFMBMVTFCFTBSLJSBLJSB
NN)HQBEBTFPSBOHEFXBTBZBOHCFSEJSJ"LBOUFUBQJ TFUJBQ
LBMJ TFTFPSBOH NFOHHFSBLLBO UVOHLBJ JT BLBO NFOFHBOHLBO
mm PUPUOZBEBONFOFLBOWFOBEFLBUPUPUUFSTFCVUBUBVEBFSBITF
LJUBSOZB EBOJOJBLBONFNFSBTEBSBILFMVBSEBSJWFOB/BNVO
mm LBUVQWFOB ZBOHUBNQBLQBEB(BNCBS UFSTVTVOTFEFNJ
LJBO SVQB TFIJOHHB BSBI BMJSBO EBSBI WFOB IBOZB UFSUVKV LF
KBOUVOH "LJCBUOZB TFUJBQ LBMJ TFTFPSBOH NFOHHFSBLLBO UVOH
LBJBUBVCBILBONFOFHBOHLBOPUPU TFKVNMBIEBSBIWFOBEJEP
mm
SPOH LF BSBI KBOUVOH 4JTUFN QFNPNQBBO JOJ EJLFOBM TFCBHBJ
QPNQBWFOBBUBVQPNQBPUPU EBOQPNQBJOJDVLVQFGJTJFO
TFIJOHHBEBMBNLFBEBBOZBOHCJBTB UFLBOBOWFOBEJLBLJTFP
SBOH EFXBTB ZBOH TFEBOH CFSKBMBO UFUBQ LVSBOH EBSJ NN
)H
#JMBNBOVTJBCFSEJSJEJBNTFNQVSOB QPNQBWFOBUJEBLBLBO
CFLFSKB EBO UFLBOBO WFOB EJ CBHJBO CBXBI UVOHLBJ BLBO
NFOJOHLBUTBNQBJOJMBJHSBWJUBTJQFOVINN)HEBMBNXBL
mm UVLJSBLJSBEFUJL5FLBOBOEJEBMBNLBQJMFSKVHBTBOHBUNF
OJOHLBU NFOZFCBCLBOCPDPSOZBDBJSBOEBSJTJTUFNTJSLVMBTJLF
EBMBN SVBOH KBSJOHBO "LJCBUOZB UVOHLBJ NFNCFOHLBL EBO
Gambar 1 -1 E ek tekanan gravitasi ter adap tekanan WPMVNF EBSBI CFSLVSBOH 4FTVOHHVIOZB TBNQBJ QFSTFO
vena di seturu tubu pada orang ang berdiri tegak WPMVNFEBSBIEBQBUIJMBOHEBSJTJTUFNTJSLVMBTJEBMBNXBLUV
173
Unit IV Sirkulasi
ena dalam
LBOBO NFOJOHLBU TFCBOZBL NN )H WFOB MFIFS EJ CBHJBO
CBXBINVMBJNFOPOKPMEBOQBEBUFLBOBOBUSJVNNN)H
ena TFNVBWFOBEJMFIFSSOFOHBMBNJEJTUFOTJ
per orata
Pengukuran Langsung Tekanan Vena dan Tekanan Atrium Kanan
ena 5FLBOBO WFOB EBQBU KVHB EJVLVS TFDBSB NVEBI EFOHBO
super isial NFNBTVLLBO TFCVBI KBSVN TFDBSB MBOHTVOH LF EBMBN WFOB EBO
NFOHIVCVOHLBOOZB EFOHBO TVBUV BMBU QFOHVLVSUFLBOBO4BUV
TBUVOZB DBSB VOUVL NFOHVLVS UFLBOBOBUSJVNLBOBO TFDBSB BLVSBU
BEBMBI EFOHBO NFNBTVLLBOLBUFUFSNFMBMVJ WFOB QFSJGFS LF EBMBN
BUSJVN LBOBO 5FLBOBO ZBOH EJVLVS NFMBMVJ LBUFUFS WFOB TFOUSBM
TFQFSUJ JOJ IBNQJS TFMBMV EJLFSKBLBO TFDBSB SVUJO QBEB CFCFSBQB
atup UJQF QBTJFO TBLJU KBOUVOH ZBOH EJSBXBU VOUVL NFOEBQBULBO
QFOJMBJBO LPOTUBO NFOHFOBJ LFNBNQVBO QFNPNQBBO KBOUVOH
Tingkat Patokan Tekanan untuk Pengukuran Tekanan Vena dan
Tekanan Sirkulasi Lainnya
4BNQBJ EJ TJOJ LJUB TFSJOH LBMJ NFOZBUBLBO CBIXB UFLBOBO
BUSJVN LBOBO BEBMBI NN )H EBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ BEBMBI
NN )H UFUBQJ LJUB CFMVN NFOFUBQLBO UJOHLBUBO HSBWJUBTJ EJ
Gambar 1 -11 atup vena di tungkai TJTUFNTJSLVMBTJEFOHBOUFLBOBOJOJTFCBHBJQBUPLBO5FSEBQBU
TBUV UJUJL EJ TJTUFN TJSLVMBTJ UFNQBU GBLUPS UFLBOBO HSBWJUBTJ
ZBOH EJTFCBCLBO PMFI QFSVCBIBO QPTJTJ UVCVI TFTFPSBOH ZBOH
TBNQBJ NFOJU TFKBL CFSEJSJ EJBN TFNQVSOB TFQFSUJ ZBOH TFIBU CJBTBOZB UJEBL BLBO NFNFOHBSVIJ QFOHVLVSBO UFLBOBO
TFSJOH UFSKBEJ CJMB TFPSBOH QSBKVSJU CFSEJSJ EFOHBO QPTJTJ ZBOH MFCJI EBSJ TBNQBJ NN )H 5JUJL JOJ CFSBEB TFUJOHHJ BUBV
LBLV EFLBU EFOHBO LBUVQ USJLVTQJE TFQFSUJ EJQFSMJIBULBO PMFI
QFSQPUPOHBOHBSJTTVNCVQBEB(BNCBS0MFILBSFOBJUV
Kegagalan Katup Vena yang Menyebabkan "Varises". TFNVB QFOHVLVSBO UFLBOBO TJSLVMBTJ ZBOH UFMBI EJCJDBSBLBO
,BUVQLBUVQ QBEB TJTUFN WFOB TFSJOH LBMJ NFOKBEJ UJEBL EBMBN UFLT JOJ NFSVKVL LF UJOHLBUBO UFSTFCVU ZBOH EJTFCVU
NBNQV CFSGVOHTJ BUBV LBEBOHLBEBOH NBMBI SVTBL )BM JOJ UJOHLBUQBUPLBOVOUVLQFOHVLVSBOUFLBOBO
UFSVUBNB UFSKBEJ CJMB WFOB UFSFHBOH CFSMFCJIBO BLJCBU UFLBOBO
WFOB UJOHHJ TFMBNB CFSNJOHHVNJOHHV BUBV CFSCVMBOCVMBO ,VSBOHOZB QFOHBSVI HSBWJUBTJ EJ LBUVQ USJLVTQJE
TFQFSUJZBOHUFSKBEJQBEBLFIBNJMBOBUBVCJMBTFTFPSBOHCFSEJSJ EJLBSFOBLBO KBOUVOH TFDBSB PUPNBUJT NFODFHBI QFSVIBIBO
UFSMBMV MBNB 1FSFHBOHBO WFOB BLBO NFOJOHLBULBO MVBT HSBWJUBTJ ZBOH CFSNBLOB QBEB UFLBOBO EJ UFNQBU JOJ EFOHBO
QFOBNQBOH UFUBQJ UJEBL NFOJOHLBULBO VLVSBO EBVO LBUVQ DBSBTFCBHBJCFSJLVU
0MFILBSFOBJUV EBVOLBUVQUJEBLEBQBUMBHJNFOVUVQSBQBU#JMB +JLB UFLBOBO EJ LBUVQ USJLVTQJE TFEJLJU NFOJOHLBU EJ BUBT
IBMJOJUFSKBEJ UFLBOBOEJWFOBUVOHLBJBLBONFOJOHLBUUBKBN OPSNBM WFOUSJLFM LBOBO NFOHJTJ EBSBI MFCJI CBOZBL EBSJ
BLJCBU LFHBHBMBO QPNQB WFOB IBM JOJ TFMBOKVUZB BLBO CJBTBOZB TFIJOHHB KBOUVOH NFNPNQB EBSBI MFCJI DFQBU EBO
NFOJOHLBULBO VLVSBO WFOB EBO BLIJSOZB NFSVTBL TFMVSVI
LBSFOB JUV BLBO NFOVSVOLBO UFLBOBO EJ LBUVQ USJLVTQJE
GVOHTJ LBUVQ +BEJ PSBOH UFSTFCVU BLBO NFOHBMBNJ WBSJTFT
LFNCBMJ LF LJTBSBO OJMBJ OPSNBM 4FCBMJLOZB KJLB UFLBOBO
ZBOHEJUBOEBJEFOHBOQFOPOKPMBOCFTBSEBSJWFOBEJCBXBILVMJU
NFOVSVO WFOUSJLFM LBOBO HBHBM UFSJTJ TFDBSB BEFLVBU EBZB
TFMVSVIUVOHLBJ UFSVUBNBUVOHLBJCBXBI
QPNQBOZB NFOVSVO EBO EBSBI UFSCFOEVOH EJ TJTUFN WFOB
,BQBOQVOPSBOHEFOHBOWBSJTFTCFSEJSJMFCJIEBSJCFCFSBQB TBNQBJUFLBOBOEJUJOHLBUBOLBUVQUSJLVTQJENFOJOHLBUMBHJ
NFOJU UFLBOBO WFOB EBO LBQJMFS BLBO NFOKBEJ TBOHBU UJOHHJ entrikel kanan
EBO LFCPDPSBO DBJSBO EBSJ LBQJMFS NFOZFCBCLBO FEFNB ZBOH
UFSVTNFOFSVTEJUVOHLBJ4FMBOKVUOZB FEFNBNFODFHBIEJGVTJ
[BU OVUSJTJ ZBOH BEFLVBU EBSJ LBQJMFS LF PUPU EBO TFMTFM LVMJU
TFIJOHHBPUPUNFOKBEJUFSBTBOZFSJEBOMFNBITFSUBLVMJUTFSJOH trium kanan
LBMJNFOHBMBNJHBOHSFOEBOVMLVT1FOHPCBUBOUFSCBJLVOUVL
LFBEBBO TFQFSUJ JOJ BEBMBI NFOBJLLBO UVOHLBJ TBNQBJ
TFEJLJUOZBTFUJOHHJKBOUVOHTFDBSBCFSVMBOHVMBOH#FCBUZBOH
LFUBU QBEB UVOHLBJ KVHB EBQBU NFNCBOUV EBMBN NFODFHBI
FEFNBEBOHFKBMBTJTBOZB
Perkiraan Tekanan Vena secara Klinis 5FLBOBO WFOB TFSJOH LBMJ
itik patokan
EBQBUEJQFSLJSBLBOTFDBSBNVEBIEFOHBONFMJIBUEFSBKBUEJTUFOTJ alami
EBSJ WFOBWFOB QFSJGFS UFSVUBNB WFOBWFOB MFIFS $POUPIOZB
QBEB QPTJTJ EVEVL WFOBWFOB MFIFS UJEBL QFSOBI NFOHBMBNJ
EJTUFOTJ QBEB PSBOH OPSNBM ZBOH TFEBOH JTUJSBIBU "LBO UFUBQJ Gambar1 -1 itik patokan untuk pengukuran
tekanan sirkulasi terletak dekat dengan katup
CJMBUFLBOBOBUSJVN trikuspid
174
LFOJMBJOPSNBM%FOHBOLBUBMBJO KBOUVOHCFSUJOEBL
TFCBHBJQFOHBUVSUFLBOBOTFDBSBVNQBOCBMJLEJLBUVQ
USJLVTQJE
#JMB TFTFPSBOH EBMBN QPTJTJ CFSCBSJOH MFUBL LBUVQ
UNIT IV
USJLVTQJEIBNQJSQFSTJTQFSTFOEBSJLFUFCBMBOEBEBEJ Pulpa
CBHJBO EFQBO QVOHHVOH 5FNQBU JOJ BEBMBI UJOHLBU
apiler
QBUPLBO UFLBOBO OPM VOUVL TFTFPSBOH ZBOH CFSCBSJOH
UFSMFOUBOH
inus venosus
Fungsi Penampungan Darah dari Vena ena

4FQFSUJ ZBOH UFMBI EJUFLBOLBO EJ #BC MFCJI EBSJ QFSTFO rteri
TFMVSVI EBSBI EJ TJTUFN TJSLVMBTJ CJBTBOZB CFSBEB EBMBN WFOB
0MFI LBSFOB BMBTBO UFSTFCVU EBO LBSFOB WFOB CFHJUV MFOUVS
TJTUFN WFOB EJLBUBLBO CFSGVOHTJ TFCBHBJ UFNQBU QFOBNQVOHBO
EBSBICBHJTJSLVMBTJ Gambar 1 -1 truktur ungsional limpa umbangan
,FUJLB UVCVI LFIJMBOHBO EBSBI EBO UFLBOBO BSUFSJ NVMBJ r on a ett ontana
NFOVSVO TJOZBM TBSBG EJMFQBTLBO EBSJ TJOVT LBSPUJLVT EBO BSFB
QFLBUFLBOBOMBJOOZBEBMBNTJSLVMBTJ TFQFSUJZBOHEJCBIBTEJ#BC
)BM JOJ TFMBOKVUOZB NFOZFCBCLBO QFMFQBTBO TJOZBM TBSBG EBSJ UFNJL "LJCBUOZB QVMQB NFSBI EBSJ MJNQB NFOKBEJ QFOBN
PUBLEBONFEVMBTQJOBMJTUFSVUBNBNFMBMVJTBSBGTJNQBUJTNFOVKV QVOHLIVTVTZBOHNFOHBOEVOHTFKVNMBICFTBSTFMEBSBINFSBI
LF WFOB TFIJOHHB WFOB NFOHBMBNJ LPOTUSJLTJ ,FBEBBO UFSTFCVU UFSLPOTFOUSBTJ4FMEBSBINFSBIUFSTFCVUEBQBUEJEFTBLLFMVBS
BLBO NFOHJNCBOHJ LVSBOHOZB EBSBI EBMBN TJTUFN TJSLVMBTJ LF EBMBN TJSLVMBTJ TJTUFNJL CJMB TJTUFN TBSBG TJNQBUJT UFS
#BILBOTFUFMBIUFSKBEJLFIJMBOHBOEBSBITFCBOZBLQFSTFOEBSJ BOHTBOH EBO NFOZFCBCLBO MJNQB CFTFSUB QFNCVMVIOZB CFS
WPMVNF UPUBM TFLBMJQVO TJTUFN TJSLVMBTJ TFSJOH LBMJ EBQBU LPOUSBLTJ4FCBOZBLNMEBSJTFMEBSBINFSBIUFSLPOTFOUSBTJ
CFSGVOHTJ NFOEFLBUJ OPSNBM LBSFOB GVOHTJ QFOBNQVOHBO WFOB EBQBU EJMFQBTLBO LF EBMBN TJSLVMBTJ ZBOH BLBO NFOJOHLBULBO
ZBOHEBQBUCFSVCBIVCBI OJMBJIFNBUPLSJUTFCFTBSTBNQBJQFSTFO
%J BSFB MBJO QVMQB MJNQB BEBMBI QVMBVQVMBV TFMTFM EBSBI
Penampung Darah yang Spesifik. #FCFSBQB CBHJBO EBSJ QVUJI ZBOHTFDBSBLFTFMVSVIBOEJTFCVUQVMQBQVUJI%JTJOJTFM
TJTUFNTJSLVMBTJCFHJUVFLTUFOTJGEBOBUBVCFHJUVMFOUVSTFIJOHHB TFM MJNGPJE EJCFOUVL TFSVQB EFOHBO ZBOH EJCFOUVL EJ LFMFOKBS
CBHJBOCBHJBO JOJ EJTFCVU QFOBNQVOH EBSBI ZBOH TQFTJGJLh MJNGF 4FMTFM UFSTFCVU BEBMBI CBHJBO EBSJ TJTUFN JNVO UVCVI
0SHBOPSHBO JOJ NFMJQVUJ
MJNQB ZBOH LBEBOHLBEBOH EBQBU
ZBOHBLBOEJKFMBTLBOEJ#BC
NFOHVSBOHJ VLVSBOOZB VOUVL NFMFQBTLBO TFCBOZBL NM
EBSBI LF EBFSBI MBJO EBSJ TJSLVMBTJ
IBUJ TJOVT IBUJ EBQBU
NFNCFCBTLBOCFCFSBQBSBUVTNJMJMJUFSEBSBILFCBHJBOMBJOEBSJ Fungsi Limpa sebagai Pembersih Darah—
TJSLVMBTJ
WFOBWFOB CFTBS EJ BCEPNFO EBQBU NFMFQBTLBO Penghancuran Sel-Sel yang Tua
EBSBI TFCBOZBL NM EBO
QMFLTVT WFOPTVT EJ CBXBI LVMJU 4FCFMVN NBTVL LF EBMBN TJOVT TFM EBSBI ZBOH NFMFXBUJ
ZBOH EBQBU KVHB NFOHFMVBSLBO CFCFSBQB SBUVT NJMJMJUFS +BOUVOH QVMQB MJNQB BLBO EJQFSBT TFMVSVIOZB 0MFI LBSFOB JUV TFMTFM
EBOQBSV NFTLJQVOCVLBOCBHJBOEBSJTJTUFNQFOBNQVOHWFOB EBSBI NFSBI ZBOH SBQVI EJQFSLJSBLBO UJEBL BLBO UBIBO
TJTUFNJL IBSVT KVHB EJBOHHBQ TFCBHBJ QFOBNQVOH EBSBI UFSIBEBQ USBVNB UFSTFCVU 0MFI LBSFOB BMBTBO JOJMBI CBOZBL
+BOUVOH DPOUPIOZB BLBO NFOHFDJM TFMBNB SBOHTBOHBO TJNQBUJT TFM EBSBI NFSBI ZBOH SVTBL EJ EBMBN UVCVI BLBOEJBLIJSJ
IJEVQOZB EJ EBMBN MJNQB 4FUFMBI TFM UFSTFCVU QFDBI
EBOEFOHBODBSBJOJEBQBUNFOBNCBILJSBLJSBTBNQBJNM
IFNPHMPCJO EBO TUSPNB TFM ZBOH UFSMFQBT BLBO EJDFSOBPMFI
EBSBI EBO QBSV EBQBU NFOZVNCBOH TBNQBJ NM EBSBI
TFMTFM SFUJLVMPFOEPUFMJBM MJNQB EBO IBTJM QSPTFT QFODFSOBBO
UBNCBIBO CJMB UFLBOBO QVMNPOBM UVSVO TBNQBJ LF OJMBJ ZBOH UFSTFCVU UFSVUBNB BLBO EJHVOBLBO LFNCBMJ PMFI UVCVI
SFOEBI TFCBHBJ [BU OVUSJTJ ZBOH TFSJOH LBMJ EJUVKVLBOVOUVLNFNCVBU
TFMEBSBIZBOHCBSV
Limpa sebagai Penampung untuk Menyimpan Sel Darah
Sel-Set Retikutoendotelial Limpa
Merah. (BNCBS NFNQFSMJIBULBO CBIXB MJNQB NFNJMJLJ
1VMQB MJNQB NFOHBOEVOH CBOZBL TFM SFUJLVMPFOEPUFMJBM GBHPTJUJL
EVBEBFSBIUFSQJTBIVOUVLNFOZJNQBOEBSBITJOVTWFOPTVTEBO
ZBOHCFTBS EBOTJOVTWFOPTVTOZBEJMBQJTJPMFITFMTFMTFSVQB4FM
QVMQB 4JOVT EBQBU NFNCFOHLBL TBNB IBMOZB EFOHBO TFNVB TFM JOJ CFSGVOHTJ TFCBHBJ CBHJBO EBSJ TJTUFN QFNCFSTJI VOUVL
CBHJBO MBJO EBSJ TJTUFN WFOB EBO EBQBU NFOZJNQBO EBSBI EBSBI CFLFSKBTBNBEFOHBOTJTUFNTFSVQBTFMTFMSFUJLVMPFOEPUFMJBM
MFOHLBQ EJ EBMBN TJOVT WFOPTVT IBUJ #JMB EBSBI EJTFSBOH PMFI CBIBO
JOGFLTJVT TFMTFM SFUJLVMPFOEPUFMJBM MJNQB EFOHBO DFQBU BLBO
1BEB QVMQB MJNQB LBQJMFS CFHJUV QFSNFBCFM TFIJOHHB EBSBI
NFOHIBODVSLBO EFCSJT CBLUFSJ QBSBTJU EBO MBJOMBJO +VHB QBEB
MFOHLBQ ZBOHNFMJQVUJTFMEBSBINFSBI QFSMBIBOMBIBONFOHBMJS CBOZBL QSPTFT JOGFLTJ LSPOJT MJNQB NFNCFTBS EFOHBO DBSB TBNB
LFMVBS NFMBMVJ EJOEJOH LBQJMFS NBTVL LF EBMBN KBSJOHBO TFQFSUJ QBEB LFMFOKBS MJNGF ZBOH NFNCFTBS EBO LFNVEJBO
USBCFLVMB ZBOH NFNCFOUVL QVMQB NFSBI 4FM EBSBI NFSBI NFMBLVLBOGVOHTJQFNCFSTJIBOOZBCBILBOMFCJIHJBUMBHJ
UFSQFSBOHLBQ EJ USBCFLVMB TFEBOHLBO QMBTNB UFUBQ NFOHBMJS LF
EBMBNTJOVTWFOPTVTEBOLFNVEJBONBTVLLFEBMBNTJSLVMBTJTJT
175
Unit IV Sirkulasi
Daftar Pustaka pressure measurement in experimental animals: a statement for pro-fessionals

from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American
Badeer HS: Hemodynamics for medical students, AmJ Physiol (Adv Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research, Hypertension
Physiol Educ) 25:44, 2001. 45:299, 2005.
Guyton AC: Arterial pressure and hypertension, Philadelphia, 1980, WB O'Rourke MF, Nichols WW:Aortic diameter, aortic stiffness, and wave
Saunders. reflection increase with age and isolated systolic hypertension,
Guyton AC, Jones CE: Central venous pressure: physiological significance Hypertension 45:652, 2005.
and clinical implications, Am HeartJ 86:431, 1973. Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Lacolley P: Structural and genetic bases of arteria
Guyton AC, Jones CE, Coleman TG: Circulatory physiology: cardiac stiffness, Hypertension 45:1050, 2005.
output and its regulation, Philadelphia, 1973, WB Saunders. Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, et al: Recommendations for blood pressure
Hall JE: Integration and regulation of cardiovascular function, AmJ Physiol measurement in humans and experimental animals: Part 1: blood pressure
(Adv Physiol Educ) 22:5174, 1999. measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the Subcommittee
Hicks JW, Badeer HS: Gravity and the circulation: "open" vs. "closed" system of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association
AmJ Physiol 262:R725—R732, 1992. Council on High Blood Pressure Research, Hypertension 45:142, 2005.
Jones DW, Appel LJ, Sheps SG, et al: Measuring blood pressure accurately: Wilkinson IB, Franklin SS, Cockcroft JR: Nitric oxide and the regulation
New and persistent challenges, JAMA 289:1027, 2003. large artery stiffness: from physiology to pharmacology, Hypertension 44:112,
Kass DA: Ventricular arterial stiffening: integrating the pathophysiology, 2004.
Hypertension 46:185, 2005.
Kurtz 1W, Griffin KA, Bidani AK, et al: Recommendations for blood pressure
measurement in humans and experimental animals. Part 2: Blood
176
BAB 16
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UNIT IV
1FSUVLBSBO$BJSBO,BQJMFS $BJSBO
*OUFSTUJTJBM EBO"MJSBO-JNGF
'VOHTJ UFSQFOUJOH TJSLVMBTJ UFSKBEJ CVLBEBONFOVUVQKBMBONBTVLLFLBQJMFS

EJ EBMBN NJLSPTJSLVMBTJ #FSVQB 7FOVMBMFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBBSUFSJPMEBONFNQVOZBJMBQJTBO
USBOTQPS[BUOVUSJTJLFKBSJOHBOEBO PUPU MFCJI MFNBI /BNVO UFLBOBO EJ EBMBN WFOVMB KBVI MFCJI
QFNCVBOHBO FLTLSFUB TFM "SUFSJPM LFDJM EJCBOEJOHLBO UFLBOBO EJ EBMBN BSUFSJPM TFIJOHHB WFOVMB
LFDJM NFOHFOEBMJLBO BMJSBO EBSBI UFUBQNBTJIEBQBUCFSLPOUSBLTJNFTLJQVOPUPUOZBMFNBI
LF TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO EBO LPOEJTJ
TFUFNQBUEJKBSJOHBOUFSTFCVUTFMBO 4VTVOBOLIVTVTKBMJOBOLBQJMFSJOJUJEBLEJKVNQBJEJTFNVB
CBHJBO UVCVI NFTLJQVO CFHJUV BEB CFCFSBQB TVTVOBO TFSVQB
KVUOZB NFOHFOEBMJLBO EJBNFUFS BSUFSJPM +BEJ TFUJBQ KBSJOHBO
QBEB TFCBHJBO CFTBS LFBEBBO BLBO NFOHFOEBMJLBO BMJSBO ZBOH CFLFSKB EFOHBO UVKVBO TBNB :BOH QBMJOH QFOUJOH
EBSBIOZB TFOEJSJ TFTVBJ EFOHBO LFCVUVIBOOZB NBTJOHNBTJOH NFUBSUFSJPMEBOTGJOHUFSQSFLBQJMFSCFSIVCVOHBOEFLBUEFOHBO
)BMUFSTFCVUBLBOEJCBIBTEJ#BC KBSJOHBO ZBOH EJMBZBOJOZB 0MFI LBSFOB JUV LPOEJTJ KBSJOHBO
TFUFNQBU ZBJUV LPOTFOUSBTJ [BU OVUSJTJ QSPEVL BLIJS
%JOEJOH LBQJMFS TBOHBUMBI UJQJT UFSTVTVO EBSJ TBUV MBQJT TFM NFUBCPMJTNF JPOJPO IJESPHFO EBO TFCBHBJOZB EBQBU CFS
FOEPUFM ZBOH TBOHBU QFSNFBCFM 0MFI LBSFOB JUV BJS [BU OVUSJTJ QFOHBSVI MBOHTVOH UFSIBEBQ QFNCVMVI UFSTFCVU EBMBN IBM
EBOFLTLSFUBTFMTFNVBOZBEBQBUCFSUVLBSUFNQBUEFOHBONVEBI QFOHFOEBMJBOBMJSBOEBSBITFUFNQBUEJTFUJBQBSFBKBSJOHBOZBOH
EBODFQBUBOUBSBKBSJOHBOEBOEBSBIZBOHCFSTJSLVMBTJ LFDJM
4JSLVMBTJ QFSJGFS EJ TFMVSVI UVCVI NFNJMJLJ LBQJMFS TFCBOZBL
LJSBLJSB NJMJBS EFOHBO UPUBM MVBT QFSNVLBBO LJSBLJSB Struktur Dinding Kapiler (BNCBS NFMVLJTLBO
TBNQBJ N LVSBOH MFCJI TFQFSEFMBQBO MVBT MBQBOHBO TFQBL TUSVLUVS VMUSBNJLSPTLPQJL TFM FOEPUFM LIBT EJ EJOEJOH LBQJMFS
CPMB
#BILBO KBSBOHEJKVNQBJTFCVBITFMGVOHTJPOBMUVCVIZBOH TFQFSUJ EJKVNQBJ EJ TFCBHJBO CFTBS PSHBO UVCVI LIVTVTOZB EJ
MFUBLOZBMFCJIEBSJTBNQBJNJLSPNFUFS EBSJTFCVBILBQJMFS PUPU EBO KBSJOHBO JLBU 1FSIBUJLBO CBIXB EJOEJOH UFSTFCVU
UFSTVTVO EBSJ TBUV MBQJTBO VOJTFMVMBS TFMTFM FOEPUFM EBO
EJLFMJMJOHJ PMFI TVBUV NFNCSBO CBTBM ZBOH UJQJT EJ TJTJ MVBS
Struktur Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Kapiler LBQJMFS 5PUBM LFUFCBMBO EJOEJOH LBQJMFS IBOZB TFLJUBS
NJLSPNFUFS %JBNFUFS JOUFSOB LBQJMFS CFTBSOZB TBNQBJ
NJLSPNFUFS VLVSBOOZBSJTDVLVQCFTBSVOUVLNFMFXBULBOTFM
.JLSPTJSLVMBTJ TFUJBQ PSHBO EJTVTVO TFDBSB LIVTVT VOUVL
EBSBINFSBIEBOTFMEBSBIMBJOOZB
NFNFOVIJ LFCVUVIBO PSHBO UFSTFCVU 1BEB VNVNOZB TFUJBQ
BSUFSJ QFNCFSJ NBLBOBO ZBOH NFNBTVLJ PSHBO BLBO CFSDBCBOH "Pori-Pori" pada Membran Kapiler. (BNCBS
TFCBOZBL FOBN TBNQBJ EFMBQBO LBMJ TFCFMVN BSUFSJ UFSTFCVU NFNQFSMJIBULBO EVB KBMVS LFDJM ZBOH NFOHIVCVOHLBO CBHJBO
NFOKBEJ DVLVQ LFDJM VOUVL EJTFCVU BSUFSJPM VNVNOZB CFSEJB EBMBN LBQJMFS EFOHBO CBHJBO MVBS 4BMBI TBUV EBSJ KBMVS JOJ
NFUFS JOUFSOB IBOZB TBNQBJ NJLSPNFUFS 4FMBOKVUOZB BEBMBIDFMBIBOUBSTFM ZBOHNFSVQBLBODFMBIUJQJTEBOCFSCFMPL
BSUFSJPM JUV TFOEJSJ BLBO CFSDBCBOH EVB TBNQBJ MJNB LBMJ UFSMFUBL EJ BOUBSB TFMTFM FOEPUFM ZBOH TBMJOH CFSTFCFMBIBO
NFODBQBJ EJBNFUFS LJSBLJSB TBNQBJ NJLSPNFUFS QBEB 4FUJBQDFMBIJOJEJTFMBOHJTFDBSBQFSJPEJLPMFICVCVOHBO SJEHF

VKVOHOZBUFNQBUBSUFSJPMUFSTFCVUNFNBTPLEBSBILFLBQJMFS QFSMFLBUBO QSPUFJO ZBOH QFOEFL ZBOH NFOZBOHHB TFMTFM
"SUFSJPM TBOHBU CFSPUPU EBO EJBNFUFSOZB EBQBU CFSVCBI FOEPUFMCFSTBNBBO UFUBQJEJBOUBSBCVCVOHBOJOJ DBJSBOEBQBU
CFCFSBQB LBMJ MJQBU .FUBSUFSJPM BSUFSJPM UFSNJOBM
UJEBL NFN MFXBU EFOHBO CFCBT NFMBMVJ DFMBI /PSNBMOZB DFMBI NFNJMJLJ
QVOZBJ MBQJTBO PUPU LPOUJOV OBNVO NFNQVOZBJ TFSBCVU PUPU KBSBL ZBOH TFSBHBN EFOHBO MFCBS LJSBLJSB TBNQBJ OBOP
QPMPT ZBOH NFOHFMJMJOHJ QFNCVMVI QBEB UJUJLUJUJL JOUFSNJUFO NFUFS TBNQBJ BOHTUSPN
TFEJLJU MFCJI LFDJM EBSJQBEB
TFQFSUJ EJMVLJTLBO QBEB (BNCBS PMFI UJUJLUJUJL IJUBN QBEB EJBNFUFSTFCVBINPMFLVMQSPUFJOBMCVNJO
TJTJNFUBSUFSJPM 0MFILBSFOBDFMBIDFMBIBOUBSTFMJOJIBOZBUFSMFUBLQBEBUFQJ
%J UJUJL UFNQBU BTBM UJBQ LBQJMFS TFKBUJ QBEB TFCVBI NFUBSUFSJPM TFMFOEPUFM NBLBMVBTQFSNVLBBOOZBCJBTBOZBUJEBLMFCJIEBSJ
UFSEBQBU TFSBU PUPU QPMPT ZBOH CJBTBOZB NFOHFMJMJOHJ LBQJMFS UPUBMMVBTQFSNVLBBOUPUBMEJOEJOHLBQJMFS.FTLJQVO
4FSBCVUJOJEJTFCVUTGJOHUFSQSFLBQEFS4GJOHUFSJOJEBQBUNFN EFNJLJBO LFDFQBUBOQFSHFSBLBOUFSNBMNPMFLVMTFMVSVIOZBCFS
177
Unit IV Sirkulasi
etarteriol anal utama 7FTJLFM UFSTFCVU EBQBU CFSHFSBL TFDBSB MBNCBU NFMBMVJ TFM
rteriol FOEPUFM #FCFSBQB WFTJLFM JOJ EBQBU CFSHBCVOH NFNCFOUVL
Sfingter LBOBM WFTJLFM ZBOH NFOFNCVT TFM FOEPUFM EJQFSMJIBULBO QBEB
prekapiler
(BNCBS
apiler sejati
Tipe Khusus "Pori-Pori" yang Terdapat di Kapiler Organ
Tertentu. 1PSJQPSJ LBQJMFS EJ CFCFSBQB PSHBO NFNQVOZBJ
enula LBSBLUFSJTUJLUFSUFOUVTFTVBJEFOHBOLFCVUVIBOPSHBOUFSTFCVU
#FCFSBQBLBSBLUFSJTUJLJOJBEBMBI
Gambar - Struktur jalinan kapiler mesenterika Digambar
ulang dari Z eifach act lat l . 1. %J EBMBN PUBL QFSUBVUBO BOUBSB TFMTFM FOEPUFM LBQJMFS
e ork osiah acy, r., oundation, . UFSVUBNB NFSVQBLBO QFSUBVUBO ZBOH SBQBU TFIJOHHB IBOZB
NPMFLVM ZBOH TBOHBU LFDJM TFQFSUJ BJS PLTJHFO EBO LBSCPO
EJGVTJ EFOHBO NVEBI BOUBSB CBHJBO EBMBN EBO CBHJBO MVBS EJPLTJEB ZBOH EBQBU MFXBU NBTVL BUBV LFMVBS EBSJ KBSJOHBO
LBQJMFSNFMBMVJDFMBIQPSJJOJ DFMBIBOUBSTFM PUBL
%J TFM FOEPUFM KVHB UFSEBQBU CBOZBL WFTJLFM QMBTNB MFNBM 2. %J EBMBN IBUJ UFSKBEJ LFCBMJLBOOZB $FMBI BOUBS TFMTFM
LFDJM EJTFCVU KVHB LBWFPMB DBWFPMBFHPB LFDJM
7FTJLFM JOJ FOEPUFMLBQJMFSCFHJUVMFCBSUFSCVLB TFIJOHHBIBNQJSTFNVB
EJCFOUVL EBSJ PMJHPNFS QSPUFJO CFSOBNB LBWFPMJO ZBOH [BU UFSMBSVU EBMBN QMBTNB UFSNBTVL QSPUFJO QMBTNB EBQBU
EJLBJULBO EFOHBO NPMFLVM LPMFTUFSPM EBO TGJOHPMJQJE .FTLJQVO MFXBUEBSJEBSBINBTVLLFEBMBNKBSJOHBOIBUJ
GVOHTJ UFQBUOZB CFMVN KFMBT EJEVHB LBWFPMB CFSQFSBO QBEB 3. ,BSBLUFSJTUJLQPSJQPSJNFNCSBOLBQJMFSHBTUSPJOUFTUJOBMBEB
FOEPTJUPTJT QSPTFTEJNBOBTFMNFOFMBONBUFSJEBSJMVBSTFM
EBO
EJ QFSUFOHBIBO BOUBSB LBSBLUFSJTUJL QPSJQPSJ PUPU EBO QPSJ
USBOTJUPTJTNBLSPNPMFLVMNFOFNCVTTFMFOEPUFM,BWFPMBQBEB
QPSJIBUJ
QFSNVLBBO TFM OBNQBLOZB NFOZFSBQ TFKVNMBI LFDJM QBLFU
QMBTNBBUBVDBJSBOFLTUSBTFMZBOHNFOHBOEVOHQSPUFJOQMBTNB 4. %JEBMBNLBQJMFSHMPNFSVMVTHJOKBM BEBCFCFSBQBKFOEFMBLFDJM
CFSCFOUVL PWBM ZBOH EJTFCVU GFOFTUSBF ZBOH MBOHTVOH
Celah NFOFNCVT NFMBMVJ CBHJBO UFOHBI TFM FOEPUFM TFIJOHHB
intraselular TFKVNMBICFTBS[BUNPMFLVMEBOJPOZBOHTBOHBULFDJM OBNVO
embran
dasar CVLBO NPMFLVM QSPUFJO QMBTNB CFSVLVSBO CFTBS
EBQBU
NFMFXBUJ HMPNFSVMVT UBOQB IBSVT NFMFXBUJ DFMBI BOUBSTFM
FOEPUFM
a eola
esikel
plasmalemal
anal Sel Aliran Darah dalam Kapiler—Vasomotion
esikel endotel
%BSBI VNVNOZB UJEBL NFOHBMJS TFDBSB UFSVTNFOFSVT NFMBMVJ

a eolin LBQJMFS .BMBIBO QFOHBMJSBOOZB TFDBSB JOUFSNJUFO ZBJUV
NFOHBMJS EBO CFSIFOUJ TFUJBQ CFCFSBQB EFUJL BUBV CFCFSBQB
osfolipid NFOJU 1FOZFCBC UJNCVMOZB BMJSBO JOUFSNJUFO JOJ BEBMBI TVBUV
Sfingolipid GFOPNFOB ZBOH EJTFCVU WBTPNPUJPO ZBOH CFSBSUJ LPOUSBLTJ
olesterol JOUFSNJUFO NFUBSUFSJPM EBO TGJOHUFS QSBLBQJMFS EBO CBILBO
LBEBOHLBEBOHQBEBBSUFSJPMCFSVLVSBOTBOHBULFDJM

Pengaturan Vasomotion. 'BLUPS UFSQFOUJOH ZBOH EJUFNV
LBO EBQBU NFNFOHBSVIJ EFSBKBU QFNCVLBBO EBO QFOVUVQBO
NFUBSUFSJPM EBO GJTOHUFS QSBLBQJMFS BEBMBI LPOTFOUSBTJ PLTJHFO
EBMBNKBSJOHBO#JMBLFDFQBUBOQFNBLBJBOPLTJHFOPMFIKBSJOHBO
DVLVQ CFTBS TFIJOHHB LPOTFOUSBTJ PLTJHFO KBSJOHBO UVSVO EJ
Gambar - Struktur dinding kapiler. erhatikan terutama CBXBIOPSNBM BMJSBOEBSBILBQJMFSJOUFSNJUFOBLBOMFCJITFSJOH
c lah a ta l pada pertautan antar sel-sel endotel yang saling UFSKBEJ EBO QFSJPEF TFUJBQ BMJSBO NFOKBEJ MFCJI MBNB EFOHBO
berdekatan; kebanyakan zat larut-air diyakini berdifusi melalui EFNJLJBO NFNVOHLJOLBO EBSBI LBQJMFS VOUVL NFNCBXB MFCJI
kapiler membran di sepanjang celah tersebut. n aginasi kecil IBOZBL MBHJ PLTJHFO EBO [BU NBLBOBO MBJOOZB
LF KBSJOHBO
pada membran, disebut a la, diyakini berperan dalam 1FOHBSVIPLTJHFOJOJ CFSTBNBEFOHBOCFSCBHBJGBLUPSMBJOZBOH
transport makromolekul mele ati membran sel. a eola meng-
andung ka eolin, protein yang berinteraksi dengan kolesterol NFOHBUVS BMJSBO EBSBI KBSJOHBO TFUFNQBU BLBO EJCBIBT EJ #BC
dan berpolimerase membentuk ka eola.
178
Bab 16 Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Limfatik: Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan Interstisial, dan Aliran Limfe
Fungsi Rata-Rata Sistem Kapiler NCSBOTFMLBQJMFSUBOQBIBSVTNFMFXBUJQPSJQPSJ;BUUFSTFCVU

.FTLJQVO BMJSBO EBSBI NFMFXBUJ UJBQ LBQJMFS CFSMBOHTVOH NFMJQVUJ PLTJHFO EBO LBSCPO EJPLTJEB 0MFI LBSFOB [BU[BU JOJ
JOUFSNJUFO UFSEBQBU CFHJUV CBOZBL LBQJMFS EBMBN KBSJOHBO EBQBU NFOFNCVT TFNVB BSFB NFNCSBO LBQJMFS LFDFQBUBO
TFIJOHHB GVOHTJ LFTFMVSVIBOOZB EBQBU EJSBUBSBUBLBO :BLOJ USBOTQPSOZBNFMBMVJNFNCSBOLBQJMFSCFCFSBQBLBMJMFCJICFTBS
UNIT IV
UFSEBQBU LFDFQBUBO SBUBSBUB BMJSBO EBSBI NFMBMVJ TFUJBQ EBSJQBEBLFDFQBUBOUSBOTQPS[BUZBOHUJEBLMBSVUEBMBNMFNBL
SBOHLBJBO LBQJMFS KBSJOHBO UFLBOBO LBQJMFS SBUBSBUB EBMBN NJTBMOZB JPO OBUSJVN EBO HMVLPTB ZBOH IBOZB EBQBU MFXBU
LBQJMFS EBO LFDFQBUBO SBUBSBUB QFNJOEBIBO [BU BOUBSB EBSBI NFMBMVJQPSJQPSJ
LBQJMFS EBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM EJ TFLFMJMJOHOZB %BMBN CBC JOJ
TFMBOKVUOZB LJUB BLBO NFNCJDBSBLBO OJMBJ SBUBSBUB UFSTFCVU Zat Larut-Lemak Dapat Berdifusi secara Langsung
XBMBVQVOIBSVTLJUBJOHBUCBIXBQBEBLFOZBUBBOOZBGVOHTJSBUB melalui Membran Sel Endotel Kapiler. #BOZBL [BU ZBOH
SBUB JOJ NFSVQBLBO GVOHTJ CFSNJMJBSNJMJBS LBQJMFS EBO NBTJOH EJCVUVILBO PMFI KBSJOHBO EBQBU MBSVU EBMBN BJS OBNVO UJEBL
NBTJOH CFLFSKB TFDBSB JOUFSNJUFO TFCBHBJ SFTQPOTOZB UFSIBEBQ EBQBUNFOFNCVTNFNCSBOMJQJETFMFOEPUFM[BU[BUJOJBOUBSB
LPOEJTJTFUFNQBUEBMBNKBSJOHBO MBJO NPMFLVM BJS JUV TFOEJSJ JPO OBUSJVN JPO LMPSJEB EBO
HMVLPTB .FTLJQVO UJEBL MFCJI EBSJ MVBT QFSNVLBBO
LBQJMFS EJUFNQBUJ PMFI DFMBI BOUBSTFM EJ BOUBSB TFM FOEPUFM
Pertukaran Air, Zat Nutrisi, serta Zat-Zat Lainnya
LFDFQBUBO QFSHFSBLBO UFSNBM NPMFLVM EBMBN DFMBI CFHJUV
antara Darah dan Cairan Interstisial
CFTBSOZB TFIJOHHB EFOHBO EBFSBI LFDJM JOJ TBKB TVEBI DVLVQ
VOUVL NFNVOHLJOLBO TFKVNMBI CFTBS EJGVTJ BJS EBO [BU MBSVU
Difusi melalui Membran Kapiler BJS NFMBMVJ DFMBIQPSJ JOJ 6OUVL NFNCFSJLBO HBNCBSBO
4FKBVI JOJ DBSB UFSQFOUJOH VOUVL NFNJOEBILBO [BU[BU BOUBSB NFOHFOBJ LFDFQBUBO EJGVTJ [BU[BU UFSTFCVU LFDFQBUBO EJGVTJ
QMBTNB EBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM BEBMBI EJGVTJ (BNCBS NPMFLVM BJS NFMFXBUJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS LJSBLJSB LBMJ MFCJI
NFMVLJTLBO QSPTFT JOJ NFOVOKVLLBO CBIXB TFXBLUV EBSBI DFQBU EBSJQBEB LFDFQBUBO BMJSBO MJOFBS QMBTNB JUV TFOEJSJ EJ
NFOHBMJSEJTFQBOKBOHMVNFOLBQJMFS TFKVNMBICFTBSNPMFLVMBJS TFQBOKBOHLBQJMFS+BEJ BJSZBOHUFSEBQBUEBMBNQMBTNBEJUVLBS
EBO QBSUJLFM UFSMBSVU CFSEJGVTJ CPMBLCBMJL NFMBMVJ EJOEJOH EFOHBOBJSZBOHUFSEBQBUEBMBNDBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBMTFCBOZBL
LBQJMFS TFIJOHHB UFSKBEJ QFSDBNQVSBO UFSVTNFOFSVT BOUBSB LBMJ TFCFMVN QMBTNB EBQBU NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ LBQJMFS TFQFOVI
DBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBMEBOQMBTNB%JGVTJEJTFCBCLBOPMFIQFSHFSBLBO OZB
UFSNBM NPMFLVM BJS EBO [BU UFSMBSVU EBMBN DBJSBO ZBJUV CFSCBHBJ
NPMFLVM EBO JPO NVMBNVMB CFSHFSBL EBMBN TBUV BSBI EBO Pengaruh Ukuran Molekul pada Perjalanan Melewati
LFNVEJBO LF BSBI MBJOOZB CFSUVNCVLBO TFDBSB BDBL EJ TFUJBQ Pori-Pori -FCBSDFMBIQPSJBOUBSTFMLBQJMFS TFCFTBSTBNQBJ
BSBI OBOPNFUFS LJSBLJSB LBMJ EJBNFUFS NPMFLVM BJS ZBOH
NFSVQBLBO NPMFLVM UFSLFDJM ZBOH QBEB LFBEBBO OPSNBM
Zat Larut-Lemak Dapat Berdifusi secara Langsung me- NFMFXBUJ QPSJQPSJ LBQJMFS 4FCBMJLOZB EJBNFUFS NPMFLVM
lalui Membran Sel Endotel Kapiler #JMB TVBUV [BU EBQBU MBSVU QSPUFJOQMBTNBTFEJLJUMFCJICFTBSEBSJQBEBMFCBSQPSJQPSJ;BU
EBMBNMFNBL [BUJUVEBQBUCFSEJGVTJTFDBSBMBOHTVOHNFMBMVJNF [BUMBJOOZB TFQFSUJJPOOBUSJVN JPOLMPSJEB HMVLPTBEBOVSFB
NFNQVOZBJ VLVSBO EJBNFUFS TFEBOH 0MFI LBSFOB JUV
QFSNFBCJMJUBT QPSJQPSJ LBQJMFS VOUVL CFSNBDBNNBDBN [BU
jung arteri a r ara jung ena
CFSWBSJBTJTFTVBJEFOHBOEJBNFUFSNPMFLVMOZB
5BCFM NFOHHBNCBSLBO QFSNFBCJMJUBT SFMBUJG QPSJQPSJ
LBQJMFS EJ PUPU SBOHLB UFSIBEBQ [BU[BU ZBOH VNVNOZB
EJKVNQBJ DPOUPIOZB QFSNFBCJMJUBT VOUVL NPMFLVM HMVLPTB
CFTBSOZB LBMJ EBSJQBEB QFSNFBCJMJUBT VOUVL NPMFLVM BJS
TFEBOHLBO QFSNFBCJMJUBT VOUVL NPMFLVM BMCVNJO BNBU TBOHBU
LFDJM ZBJUVIBOZBQFSNFBCJMJUBTNPMFLVMBJS
"EB TBUV IBM ZBOH IBSVT EJQFSIBUJLBO ZBLOJ CBIXB LBQJMFS
QBEB CFSCBHBJ KBSJOHBO NFNQVOZBJ QFSCFEBBO QFSNFBCJMJUBT
ZBOH TBOHBU CFTBS $POUPIOZB NFNCSBO TJOVTPJE LBQJMFS IBUJ
CFHJUV QFSNFBCFM TFIJOHHB QSPUFJO QMBTNB NFOHBMJS TFDBSB
a r CFCBTNFMBMVJEJOEJOHTJOVTPJEJOJIBNQJSTFNVEBIBJSEBO[BU
ma
MBJO+VHB QFSNFBCJMJUBTNFNCSBOHMPNFSVMVTHJOKBMVOUVLBJS
EBO FMFLUSPMJU LJSBLJSB LBMJ QFSNFBCJMJUBT LBQJMFS PUPU
UFUBQJ UJEBL CFSMBLV VOUVL QSPUFJO QMBTNB QFSNFBCJMJUBT
Gambar -3 Difusi molekul cairan dan zat terlarut antara kapiler HMPNFSVMVT TBOHBU LFDJM VOUVL QSPUFJO QMBTNB TFQFSUJ QBEB
dan ruang cairan interstisial. KBSJOHBOEBOPSHBOMBJO
179
Unit IV Sirkulasi
Tabel 16-1 Permeabilitas Relatif Pori-Pori Kapiler Otot Rangka Interstisium dan Cairan Interstisial
terhadap Berbagai Ukuran Molekul
,VSBOH MFCJI TFQFSFOBN EBSJ UPUBM WPMVNF UVCVI UFSEJSJ BUBT

Zat Berat Molekuk Permeablitas
SVBOHSVBOH BOUBS TFM ZBOH TFDBSB LFTFMVSVIBO EJTFCVU JOUFST
Air 18 1.00 UJTJVN $BJSBO ZBOH UFSEBQBU EJ EBMBN SVBOH JOJ EJTFCVU DBJSBO
NaCI 58.5 0.96
JOUFSTUJTJBM
Urea 60 0.8
4USVLUVS JOUFSTUJTJVN EJQFSMJIBULBO QBEB (BNCBS
4USVLUVSJOJUFSEJSJBUBTEVBUJQFVUBNBTUSVLUVSQBEBU
CFSLBT
Glukosa 180 0.6 TFSBU LPMBHFO EBO
GJMBNFO QSPUFPHMJLBO #FSLBT TFSBU LPMBHFO
Sukrosa 342 0.4 UFSCFOUBOH QBOKBOH EJ EBMBN JOUFSTUJTJVN #FSLBT JOJ TBOHBU LVBU
Inulin 5,000 0.2 EBOLBSFOBJUVQBMJOHCBOZBLNFNCFSJEBZBUFHBOHQBEBKBSJOHBO
Mioglobin 17,600 0.03
/BNVO GJMBNFO QSPUFPHMJLBO NFSVQBLBO NPMFLVM TBOHBU UJQJT
ZBOHUFSKBMJOBUBVUFSUFLVLEBOTFLJUBSQFSTFOUFSEJSJBUBTBTBN
Hemoglobin 68,000 0.01 IJBMVSPOBU EBO QFSTFO QSPUFJO .PMFLVM UFSTFCVU CFHJUV UJQJT
Albumin 69,000 0.001 TFIJOHHBUJEBLEBQBUEJMJIBUEFOHBONJLSPTLPQDBIBZBEBOTVLBS
VOUVL EJQFSMJIBULBO CBILBO EFOHBO NJLSPTLPQ FMFLUSPO
Data dari Pappenheimer JR:"Passage of molecules through capillary Physiol
.FTLJQVO CFHJUV NPMFLVMNPMFLVM JOJ NFNCFOUVL BMBT GJMBNFO
Rev. 33:387, 1953.
SFUJLVMBS ZBOH TBOHBU IBMVT EJTFCVU TFCBHBJ UVNQVLBO
TJLBU CSVTIQJMF

,FUJLB LJUB NFNQFMBKBSJ CFSCBHBJ PSHBO UFSTFCVU ZBOH BLBO
EJKFMBTLBO OBOUJ EBMBN CBC JOJ BLBO KFMBTMBI NFOHBQB
"Gel" dalam Interstisium. $BJSBO EBMBN JOUFSTUJTJVN
CFCFSBQB KBSJOHBO DPOUPIOZB IBUJ NFNCVUVILBO EFSBKBU
EJIBTJMLBOEBSJGJMUSBTJEBOEJGVTJLBQJMFS$BJSBOJOJNFOHBOEVOH
QFSNFBCJMJUBT LBQJMFS MFCJI CFTBS EJCBOEJOHLBO KBSJOHBO MBJO
CBIBOCBIBO ZBOH IBNQJS TBNB EFOHBO QMBTNB LFDVBMJ CBIXB
ZBOHCFSUVKVBOVOUVLNFNJOEBILBOTFKVNMBICFTBS[BUOVUSJTJ
LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJOOZB KBVI MFCJI SFOEBI LBSFOB QSPUFJO UJEBL
BOUBSB EBSBI EBO TFM QBSFOLJN IBUJ TFSUB HJOKBM BHBS EBQBU
EBQBU LFMVBS EFOHBO NVEBI NFMBMVJ QPSJQPSJ LBQJMFS $BJSBO
UFSKBEJGJMUSBTJTFKVNMBICFTBSDBJSBOVOUVLQFNCFOUVLBOVSJOF
JOUFSTUJTJBM UFSQFSBOHLBQ UFSVUBNB EBMBN SVBOH LFDJM ZBOH
UFSEBQBUEJBOUBSBGJMBNFOGJMBNFOQSPUFPHMJLBO(BCVOHBOBOUBSB
Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi terhadap Kecepat- GJMBNFO QSPUFPHMJLBO EBO DBJSBO ZBOH UFSQFSBOHLBQ EJ EBMBNOZB
an Neto Difusi melalui Membran Kapiler,FDFQBUBOOFUP NFNQVOZBJ LBSBLUFSJTUJL TFQFSUJ HFM BHBSBHBS
EBO LBSFOB JUV
EJGVTJ TVBUV [BU NFMBMVJ TFUJBQ NFNCSBO TFCBOEJOH EFOHBO EJTFCVUHFMKBSJOHBO
QFSCFEBBO LPOTFOUSBTJ [BU BOUBSB LFEVB TJTJ NFNCSBO +BEJ
0MFILBSFOBKVNMBIGJMBNFOQSPUFPHMJLBOTBOHBUCBOZBL NBLB
NBLJOCFTBSQFSCFEBBOLPOTFOUSBTJTVBUV[BUBOUBSBLFEVBTJTJ
DBJSBO TVMJU VOUVL NFOHBMJS EFOHBO NVEBI NFMBMVJ HFM KBSJOHBO
NFNCSBO LBQJMFS NBLJO CFTBS QFSHFSBLBO OFUP [BU UFSTFCVU
4FCBHBJHBOUJOZB DBJSBOJUVUFSVUBNBCFSEJGVTJNFMBMVJHFMKBSJOHB
NFOFNCVT NFNCSBO EBMBN TBUV BSBI .JTBMOZB LPOTFOUSBTJ
PLTJHFO EBMBN EBSBI LBQJMFS OPSNBMOZB MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB
LPOTFOUSBTJOZBEJDBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM6OUVLJUV TFKVNMBICFTBS
PLTJHFO OPSNBMOZB CFSHFSBL EBSJ EBSBI NFOVKV LF KBSJOHBO
esikel
4FCBMJLOZB LPOTFOUSBTJ LBSCPO EJPLTJEB EJ EBMBN KBSJOHBO cairan bebas
MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB EJ EBMBN EBSBI NFOZFCBCLBO LBSCPO
EJPLTJEBCFSMFCJICFSHFSBLLFEBMBNEBSBIVOUVLEJCBXBQFSHJ
EBSJKBSJOHBO Sungai
kecil dari
,FDFQBUBO EJGVTJ TFCBHJBO CFTBS [BU ZBOH QFOUJOH VOUVL cairan bebas
OVUSJTJ TFXBLUV NFMFXBUJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS CFHJUV CFTBS
TFIJOHHBIBOZBEFOHBOQFSCFEBBOLPOTFOUSBTJLFDJMTBKBTVEBI
EBQBUNFOZFCBCLBOQFOHBOHLVUBO[BUMFCJIEBSJDVLVQBOUBSB
QMBTNBEBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM$POUPIOZB LPOTFOUSBTJPLTJHFO
EBMBN DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM UFQBU EJ TJTJ MVBS LBQJMFS IBOZB
CFCFSBQB QFSTFO MFCJI SFOEBI EBSJ LPOTFOUSBTJ EBMBN QMBTNB
EBSBI OBNVO QFSCFEBBO LPOTFOUSBTJ LFDJM JOJ EBQBU NFO erkas serabut ilamen
ZFCBCLBOPLTJHFOCFSHFSBLEBMBNKVNMBIDVLVQEBSJEBSBILF apiler kolagen proteoglikan
EBMBNSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBMVOUVLNFOZFEJBLBOTFNVBLFCVUVIBO
Gambar -4 Struktur interstisium. ilamen proteoglikan terdapat
PLTJHFO VOUVL NFUBCPMJTNF KBSJOHBO TFSJOH LBMJ TFCBOZBL di setiap ruang antar berkas-berkas serabut kolagen. adang-
CFCFSBQB MJUFS PLTJHFO QFS NFOJU TFMBNB UVCVI CFSBEB EBMBN kadang terdapat juga esikel cairan bebas dan sejumlah kecil
LFBEBBOTBOHBUBLUJG cairan yang bebas dalam bentuk sungai kecil.
180
Bab 16 Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Limfatik: Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan Interstisial, dan Aliran Limfe
BOZBLOJ NPMFLVMQFSNPMFLVMDBJSBOCFSHFSBLEBSJTBUVUFNQBU ekanan ekanan osmotik

LFUFNQBUZBOHMBJONFMBMVJQFSHFSBLBOUFSNBMLJOFUJLEBOCVLBO kapiler koloid plasma
CFSHFSBLCFSTBNBBOEBMBNKVNMBICFTBS c 0p
%JGVTJZBOHNFMFXBUJHFMLJSBLJSBTFDFQBUTBNQBJQFSTFO
UNIT IV
EJGVTJZBOHNFMBMVJDBJSBOCFCBT0MFILBSFOBKBSBLBOUBSBLBQJMFS
EBO TFM KBSJOHBO DVLVQ QFOEFL EJGVTJ JOJ NFNVOHLJOLBO USBO
TQPSU ZBOH DFQBU NFMBMVJ JOUFSTUJTJVN UJEBL IBOZB CBHJ NPMFLVM ekanan cairan ekanan osmotik
BJS UFUBQJ KVHB CBHJ FMFLUSPMJU [BU OVUSJTJ EFOHBO CFSBU NPMFLVM interstisial koloid interstisial
LFDJM FLTLSFUBTFM PLTJHFO LBSCPOEJPLTJEB EBOTFCBHBJOZB if 0if
Gambar - Daya tekanan hidrostatik dan tekanan osmotik
Cairan "Bebas" dalam Interstisium. 8BMBVQVO IBNQJS koloid bekerja pada membran kapiler, cenderung mendorong
TFMVSVIDBJSBOEBMBNJOUFSTUJTJVNOPSNBMOZBUFSQFSBOHLBQEBMBN cairan keluar atau ke dalam mele ati pori-pori membran.
HFMKBSJOHBO BEBLBMBOZBKVHBUFSEBQBUTVOHBJLFDJMDBJSBOCFCBT
EBO WFTJLFM LFDJM DBJSBO CFCBT CFSBSUJ UFSEBQBU DBJSBO ZBOH CFCBT 1. 5FLBOBO LBQJMFS 1D
DFOEFSVOH NFOEPSPOH DBJSBO LF MVBS
EBSJ NPMFLVM QSPUFPHMJLBO EBO PMFI LBSFOB JUV EBQBU NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJNFNCSBOLBQJMFS
EFOHBO CFCBT #JMB TVBUV [BU XBSOB EJTVOUJLLBO LF EBMBN EBSBI
2. 5FLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM 1JG
DFOEFSVOH NFOEPSPOH
TJSLVMBTJ TFSJOH LBMJ [BU XBSOB UFSTFCVU EBQBU UFSMJIBU NFOHBMJS
DBJSBOLFEBMBNNFMBMVJNFNCSBOLBQJMFSCJMBOJMBJ1JGQPTJUJG
NFMBMVJ JOUFSTUJTJVN EJ EBMBN TVOHBJ LFDJM CJBTBOZB NFOHBMJS EJ
UFUBQJLFMVBSCJMBOJMBJ1JGOFHBUJG
TFQBOKBOHQFSNVLBBOTFSBCVULPMBHFOBUBVQFSNVLBBOTFM
3. 5FLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE QMBTNB LBQJMFS ͑Q
DFOEFSVOH
+VNMBIDBJSBOCFCBTZBOHUFSEBQBUEJKBSJOHBOOPSNBMIBOZB NFOJNCVMLBO PTNPTJT DBJSBO LF EBMBN NFMBMVJ NFNCSBO
TFEJLJU CJBTBOZB LVSBOH EBSJ QFSTFO 4FCBMJLOZB CJMB KBSJOHBO LBQJMFS
NFOHBMBNJFEFNB LBOUVOHLBOUVOHEBOTVOHBJLFDJMDBJSBOCFCBT 4. 5FLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM ͑JG
DFOEFSVOH
JOJ NFOHFNCBOH EFOHBO IFCBU TBNQBJ TFQBSVI BUBV MFCJI DBJSBO
NFOJNCVMLBO PTNPTJT DBJSBO LF MVBS NFMBMVJ NFNCSBO
FEFNBNFOKBEJDBJSBOZBOHNFOHBMJSCFCBTEBOUJEBLUFSQFSBOH
LBQJMFS
LBQEJGJMBNFOQSPUFPHMJLBO
+JLBKVNMBILFFNQBUEBZBJOJ ZBJUVUFLBOBOGJMUSBTJOFUP OFU
GJMUSBUJPO QSFTTVSF/'1
CFSOJMBJ QPTJUJG UFSKBEJ GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO
Filtrasi Cairan Melewati Kapiler Ditentukan oteh OFUP NFMBMVJ LBQJMFS +JLB KVNMBI EBZB 4UBSMJOH CFSOJMBJ OFHBUJG
Tekanan Hidrostatik dan Osmotik Koloid, serta BLBO UFSKBEJ BCTPSQTJ DBJSBO EBSJ SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM LF EBMBN
Koefisien Filtrasi Kapiler LBQJMFS 5FLBOBO GJMUSBTJ OFUP /'1
EBQBU EJIJUVOH TFCBHBJ
CFSJLVU
NFP = Pc – Pif – ͑p + ͑if
5FLBOBOIJESPTUBUJLEBMBNLBQJMFSDFOEFSVOHVOUVLNFOEPSPOH
DBJSBOEBO[BU[BUUFSMBSVUOZBNFMFXBUJQPSJQPSJLBQJMFSLFEBMBN 4FQFSUJ ZBOH BLBO EJKFMBTLBO OBOUJ OJMBJ /'1 TFEJLJU QPTJUJG
SVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBM4FCBMJLOZB UFLBOBOPTNPUJLZBOHEJUJNCVMLBO QBEBLFBEBBOOPSNBM TFIJOHHBNFOZFCBCLBOUFSKBEJOZBGJMUSBTJ
PMFI QSPUFJO QMBTNB ZBOH EJTFCVU UFLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE
DBJSBO OFUP NFMBMVJ LBQJMFS LF EBMBN SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM EJ
DFOEFSVOHVOUVLNFOJNCVMLBOQFSHFSBLBODBJSBOTFDBSBPTNPTJT LFCBOZBLBO PSHBO ,FDFQBUBO GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO EJ TVBUV KBSJOHBO
EBSJ SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM LF EBMBN EBSBI 5FLBOBO PTNPUJL ZBOH KVHB EJUFOUVLBO PMFI KVNMBI EBO VLVSBO QPSJQPSJ EJ TFUJBQ
EJUJNCVMLBO PMFI QSPUFJO QMBTNB JOJ QBEB LFBEBBO OPSNBM LBQJMFS EBO KVNMBI LBQJMFS UFNQBU EBSBI NFOHBMJS 'BLUPS
NFODFHBI IJMBOHOZB WPMVNF DBJSBO ZBOH DVLVQ CFSNBLOB EBSJ GBLUPS UFSTFCVU CFSTBNBTBNB EJOZBUBLBO TFCBHBJ LPFGJTJFO
EBSBILFEBMBNSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBM GJMUSBTJ LBQJMFS ,G
0MFI LBSFOB JUV ,G NFSVQBLBO TVBUV
VLVSBOLBQBTJUBTNFNCSBOLBQJMFSEBMBNNFNGJMUSBTJBJSVOUVL
+VHBQFOUJOHBEBMBITJTUFNMJNGBUJL ZBOHBLBONFOHFNCBMJLBO
TFUJBQ OJMBJ /'1 EBO CJBTBOZB EJOZBUBLBO TFCBHBJ NJMJMJUFS QFS
TFKVNMBI LFDJM EBSJ LFMFCJIBO QSPUFJO EBO BJS ZBOH CPDPS EBSJ
NFOJUQFSNN)HOJMBJUFLBOBOGJMUSBTJOFUP
EBSBI LF EBMBN SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM BHBS EBQBU CBMJL LF TJSLVMBTJ
,FDFQBUBO GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO LBQJMFS LBSFOB JUV EJUFOUVLBO PMFI
%BMBNCBCJOJTFMBOKVUOZB LJUBBLBONFNCBIBTNFLBOJTNFZBOH
QFSTBNBBOCFSJLVU
NFOHFOEBMJLBO GJMUSBTJ LBQJMFS EBO GVOHTJ BMJSBO MJNGF EBMBN
NFOHBUVSWPMVNFQMBTNBEBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBMTFDBSBCFSTBNB Filtrasi = Kf × NFP
%BMBN QBSBHSBGQBSBHSBG CFSJLVU LJUB BLBO NFNCBIBT TFD

Daya Osmotik Koloid dan Hidrostatik Menentukan BSBEFUBJMTFUJBQEBZBZBOHNFOFOUVLBOLFDFQBUBOGJMUSBTJDBJSBO
Pergerakan Cairan melalui Membran Kapiler. (BNCBS LBQJMFS
NFOHHBNCBSLBO FNQBU EBZB VUBNB ZBOH NFOFOUVLBO BQBLBI
DBJSBO BLBO CFSHFSBL LFMVBS EBSJ EBSBI NBTVL LF EBMBN DBJSBO Tekanan Hidrostatik Kapiter
JOUFSTUJTJBM BUBV LF BSBI CFSMBXBOBO %BZB JOJ EJTFCVU EBZB
#FSCBHBJ NFUPEF QFSDPCBBO EJQBLBJ VOUVL NFOJMBJ UFLBOBO
4UBSMJOH VOUVL NFOHIPSNBUJ BIMJ GBBM ZBOH QFSUBNB LBMJ
LBQJMFS
LBOVMBTJ NJLSPQJQFU LBQJMFS TFDBSB MBOHTVOH ZBOH
NFNQFSMJIBULBOQFOUJOHOZBLFFNQBUEBZBCFSJLVU
NFNCFSJOJMBJUFLBOBOLBQJMFSSBUBSBUBTFCFTBSNN)HQBEB
CFCFSBQBKBSJOHBOTFQFSUJPUPUSBOHLBEBOVTVT EBO
QFOHV
181
Unit IV Sirkulasi
VLVSBOGVOHTJPOBMUFLBOBOLBQJMFSTFDBSBUJEBLMBOHTVOH ZBOH
NFNCFSJ OJMBJ UFLBOBO LBQJMFS SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS NN )H
QBEBKBSJOHBOUFSTFCVU
Metode Mikropipet untuk Mengukur Tekanan Kapiler.

6OUVLNFOHVLVSUFLBOBOEBMBNLBQJMFSEFOHBODBSBLBOVMBTJ
TFCVBIQJQFULBDBNJLSPTLPQJLMBOHTVOHEJUVTVLLBOLFEBMBN
LBQJMFS EBO UFLBOBO EJVLVS EFOHBO TJTUFN NJLSPNBOPNFUFS
ZBOH TFTVBJ %FOHBO NFOHHVOBLBO DBSB JOJ UFLBOBO LBQJMFS
UFMBI UFSVLVS EJ LBQJMFS QBQBSBO KBSJOHBO CJOBUBOH EBO EJ
MFOHLVOHBO LBQJMFS CFTBS FQPOJLJVN QBEB QBOHLBM LVLV KBSJ
NBOVTJB 1FOHVLVSBO JOJ NFNCFSJ OJMBJ UFLBOBO QBEB VKVOH sus
ekanan arteri
BSUFSJ LBQJMFS TFCFTBS TBNQBJ NN )H QBEB VKVOH WFOB
TFCFTBS TBNQBJ NN )H EBO LJSBLJSB NN )H QBEB ekanan ena
CBHJBOUFOHBILBQJMFS
1BEB CFCFSBQB LBQJMFS TFQFSUJ LBQJMFS HMPNFSVMVT HJOKBM
IBTJMQFOHVLVSBONFOHHVOBLBONFUPEFNJLSPQJQFUKBVIMFCJI
UJOHHJ EFOHBO SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS NN )H 4FCBMJLOZB QBEB
LBQJMFS QFSJUVCVMVT HJOKBM SBUBSBUB UFLBOBO IJESPTUBUJL IBOZB
TFLJUBS NN )H %FOHBO EFNJLJBO UFLBOBO IJESPTUBUJL
LBQJMFS QBEB KBSJOHBO CFSCFEB TBOHBU CFSWBSJBTJ CFSHBOUVOH
LFQBEBKBSJOHBOUFSUFOUVTFSUBLPOEJTJGJTJPMPHJTOZB rte
ri
a a
Metode Isogravimetrik untuk Mengukur Tekanan Kapiler

"Fungsional" secara Tidak Langsung (BNCBS ekanan kapiler
NFOKFMBTLBO NFUPEF JTPHSBWJNFUSJL VOUVL NFOJMBJ UFLBOBO = 17 mm Hg
LBQJMFS TFDBSB UJEBL *BOHTVOH (BNCBS JOJ NFNQFSMJIBULBO
TFCVBI QPUPOHBO VTVT ZBOH EJUFNQBULBO QBEB TBMBI TBUV ena
MFOHBO UJNCBOHBO HSBWJNFUSJL UJNCBOHBO QFOHVLVS CFSBU

4FMBOKVUOZB TFKVNMBI EBSBI EJTVOUJLLBO LF EBMBN QFNCVMVI
a a ar r – a a a
EBSBI EJOEJOH VTVT UFSTFCVU #JMB UFLBOBO BSUFSJ EJUVSVOLBO
QFOVSVOBO UFLBOBO LBQJMFS ZBOH EJIBTJMLBO BLBO NFNCVBU Gambar - etode isogra imetrik untuk mengukur tekanan
UFLBOBOPTNPUJLQSPUFJOQMBTNBNFOJNCVMLBOBCTPSQTJDBJSBO kapiler.
LFMVBS EBSJ EJOEJOH VTVT EBO NFOHBLJCBULBO CFSBU VTVT
CFSLVSBOH,FBEBBOJOJTFHFSBNFOZFCBCLBOQFSVCBIBOQPTJTJ QBEB TFCBHJBO CFTBS KBSJOHBO GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO LBQJMFS UJEBL
MFOHBO UJNCBOHBO 6OUVL NFODFHBI QFOVSVOBO CFSBU JOJ TFQFOVIOZB EJJNCBOHJ PMFI BCTPSCTJ DBJSBO 1BEB TFCBHJBO CFTBS
UFLBOBO WFOB EJOBJLLBO VOUVL NFOHJNCBOHJ FGFL QFOVSVOBO KBSJOHBO DBJSBO ZBOH EJGJMUSBTJ NFMFCJIJ SFBCTPSCTJOZB EJBOHLVU
UFLBOBO BSUFSJ %FOHBO LBUB MBJO UFLBOBO LBQJMFS EJ PMFI QFNCVMVI MJNGF 1BEB LBQJMFS HMPNFSVMVT HJOKBM TFKVNMBI
QFSUBIBOLBO UFUBQ LPOTUBO NFMBMVJ
QFOVSVOBO UFLBOBO CFTBSDBJSBO TFLJUBSNMNFOJUEJGJMUSBTJTFDBSBLPOUJOV
BSUFSJEBO
NFOJOHLBULBOUFLBOBOWFOB
(SBGJLEJCBHJBOCBXBIHBNCBSNFNQFSMJIBULBOQFSVCBIBO Tekanan Hidrostatik Cairan Interstisial
UFLBOBO BSUFSJ EBO UFLBOBO WFOB ZBOH TBMJOH NFOJBEBLBO 5FSEBQBU CFCFSBQB NFUPEF VOUVL NFOHVLVS UFLBOBO DBJSBO
TFMVSVI QFSVCBIBO CFSBU (BSJT BSUFSJ EBO HBSJT WFOB TBMJOH JOUFSTUJTJBM EBO TFUJBQ NFUPEF JOJ NFNCFSJ OJMBJ ZBOH TFEJLJU
CFSUFNV QBEB OJMBJ NN )H 0MFI LBSFOB JUV UFLBOBO CFSCFEB CFSHBOUVOH NFUPEF ZBOH EJHVOBLBO EBO KBSJOHBO ZBOH
LBQJMFS IBSVT UFUBQ QBEB UFLBOBO NN )H TFMBNB TFMVSVI EJVLVS UFLBOBOOZB 1BEB KBSJOHBO MPOHHBS TVCLVUBO UFLBOBO
NBOVWFSUFSTFCVUBQBCJMBUJEBL CBJLGJMUSBTJNBVQVOBCTPSQTJ DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM ZBOH EJVLVS NFOHHVOBLBO NFUPEF CFSCFEB
DBJSBO BLBO UFSKBEJ NFMBMVJ EJOEJOH LBQJMFS +BEJ TFDBSB UJEBL VNVNOZB CFCFSBQB NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB TFEJLJU MFCJI SFOEBI
MBOHTVOH UFLBOBO LBQJMFS GVOHTJPOBM ZBOH UFSVLVS QBEB EBSJQBEB UFLBOBO BUNPTGFS ZBJUV OJMBJ ZBOH EJTFCVU UFLBOBO
KBSJOHBOJOJCFTBSOZBTFLJUBSNN)H OFHBUJG DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM 1BEB KBSJOHBO MBJO ZBOH EJLFMJMJOHJ
5FMBI KFMBT CBIXB NFUPEF JTPHSBWJNFUSJL ZBOH EBQBU LBQTVM TFQFSUJ HJOKBM UFLBOBO JOUFSTUJTJBM VNVNOZB QPTJUJG MFCJI
NFOFOUVLBOUFLBOBOLBQJMFSTFDBSBUFQBUEFOHBONFOHJNCBOHJ UJOHHJ EBSJ UFLBOBO BUNPTGFS
.FUPEF ZBOH QBMJOH MB[JN
TFNVB EBZB ZBOH DFOEFSVOH VOUVL NFOHHFSBLLBO DBJSBO LF EJHVOBLBO BEBMBI
LBOVMBTJ MBOHTVOH QBEB KBSJOHBO EFOHBO
EBMBNBUBVLFMVBSEBSJLBQJMFS NFOHIBTJMLBOOJMBJMFCJISFOEBI NJLSPQJQFU
QFOHVLVSBO UFLBOBO NFMBMVJ JNQMBOUBTJ LBQTVM
EJCBOEJOHLBO UFLBOBO LBQJMFS ZBOH EJVLVS TFDBSB MBOHTVOH EBO
QFOHVLVSBO UFLBOBO QBEB TVNCV LBQBT ZBOH EJTJTJQLBO
NFOHHVOBLBONJLSPQJQFU)BMJOJUFSVUBNBEJTFCBCLBOLBSFOB LFEBMBNKBSJOHBO
182
Bab 16 Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Limfaik: Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan Interstisial dan Aliran Limfe
Pengukuran Tekanan Cairan Interstisial dengan Menggunakan 1. #JMB TFCVBI DBOHLPLBO LVMJU EJMFUBLLBO QBEB QFSNVLBBO
Mikropipet. 1FOHHVOBBO KFOJT NJLSPQJQFU ZBOH TBNB VOUVL DFLVOH EJ UVCVI NJTBMOZB QBEB MFLVLBO NBUB TFTVEBI CPMB
NFOHVLVS UFLBOBO LBQJMFS EBQBU KVHB EJHVOBLBO EJ CFCFSBQB
NBUB EJLFMVBSLBO ZBJUV TFCFMVN LVMJU NFMFLBU QBEB MFLVLBO
KBSJOHBO VOUVL NFOHVLVS UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM 6KVOH
NJLSPQJQFU NFNJMJLJ EJBNFUFS TFLJUBS NJLSPNFUFS UFUBQJ ZBOH NFOEBTBSJOZB DBJSBO DFOEFSVOH VOUVL CFSLVNQVM EJ
UNIT IV
VLVSBO JOJ QVO TVEBI LBMJ MFCJI CFTBS BUBV MFCJI EBSJQBEB CBXBI LVMJU ZBOH EJDBOHLPL ,VMJU KVHB CFSVTBIB VOUVL
VLVSBO SVBOHBO BOUBSB GJMBNFOGJMBNFO QSPUFPHMJLBO JOUFS NFOHFSVU DFOEFSVOHVOUVLNFOBSJLLFMVBSLVMJUEBSJDFLVOH
TUJTJVN 0MFI LBSFOB JUV UFLBOBO ZBOH EJVLVS LFNVOHLJOBO BO.FTLJQVOCFHJUV CFCFSBQBEBZBOFHBUJGEJCBXBILVMJUBLBO
BEBMBIUFLBOBOEJEBMBNLBOUVOHDBJSBOCFCBT NFOZFCBCLBO BCTPSQTJ DBJSBO EBO CJBTBOZB CFOBSCFOBS BLBO
5FLBOBO ZBOH QFSUBNBUBNB UFSVLVS EFOHBO NFOHHVOBLBO NFOBSJLLVMJULFNCBMJLFCFOUVLDFLVOHOZB
NFUPEF NJLSPQJQFU CFSLJTBS EBSJ TBNQBJ NN )H UFUBQJ 2. 6OUVL NFOZVOUJLLBO TFKVNMBI CFTBS WPMVNF DBJSBO LF EBMBN
CJBTBOZBTFEJLJUQPTJUJG%FOHBOQFOHBMBNBOEBOQFSBMBUBOZBOH
KBSJOHBO TVCLVUBO MPOHHBS NJTBMOZB EJ CBXBI LFMPQBL NBUB
TVEBI EJQFSCBSVJ VOUVL NFOHVLVS UFLBOBO UFSTFCVU UFLBOBO
UFSLJOJ NFNJMJLJ OJMBJ SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS NN )H ZBOH
CBXBI EBMBN SVBOH LFUJBL EBO EJ EBMBN TLSPUVN EJCVUVI
NFNCFSJLBO OJMBJ UFLBOBO SBUBSBUB EBMBN KBSJOHBO MPOHHBS LBOUFLBOBOQPTJUJGLVSBOHEBSJNN)H+VNMBIDBJSBOZBOH
NJTBMOZB LVMJU ZBOH TFEJLJU MFCJI LFDJM EBSJQBEB UFLBOBO EJQFSIJUVOHLBO LBMJ MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB KVNMBI DBJSBO
BUNPTGFS ZBOH CJBTBOZB UFSEBQBU EBMBN SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM CJMB
Pengukuran Tekanan Cairan Bebas Interstisial melalui Implan- EJTVOUJLLBOLFEBMBNBSFBUFSTFCVUEJBUBT BLBONFOJNCVMLBO
tasi Kapsul 5FLBOBO DBJSBO CFCBT JOUFSTUJTJBM ZBOH EJVLVS UFLBOBO QPTJUJG ZBOH CFTBSOZB UJEBL MFCJI EBSJ NN )H
EFOHBO DBSB JOJ NFOHHVOBLBO LBQTVM CFSEJBNFUFS DN QBEB *OUJTBSJEBSJQFOHBNBUBOJOJBEBMBICBIXBKBSJOHBOTFQFSUJJOJ
KBSJOHBOMPOHHBSTVCLVUBOOPSNBMNFNCFSJOJMBJTFLJUBSNN UJEBL NFNQVOZBJ TFSBU LVBU ZBOH EBQBU NFODFHBI QFOVNQV
)H UFUBQJEFOHBOLBQTVMZBOHMFCJILFDJM OJMBJOZBUJEBLCFSCFEB LBO DBJSBO 0MFI LBSFOB JUV CFCFSBQB NFLBOJTNF MBJO TFQFSUJ
KBVIEBSJNN)HZBOHEJVLVSNFOHHVOBLBONJLSPQJQFU TJTUFN LPNQMBJOT DPNQMJBODF LFNVEBIBO VOUVL EJSFHBOH
SFOEBI IBSVT UFSTFEJB VOUVL NFODFHBI QFOVNQVLBO DBJSBO

Tekanan Cairan Interstisial dalam Jaringan yang Ter- TFQFSUJJOJ
tutup Rapat 3. %J TFCBHJBO CFTBS SPOHHB BMBNJBI UVCVI UFNQBU UFSEBQBUOZB
#FCFSBQB KBSJOHBO UVCVI EJLFMJMJOHJ PMFI QFSJTBJ ZBOH DBJSBO CFCBT EBMBN LFTFJNCBOHBO EJOBNJL EFOHBO DBJSBO
NFOVUVQ SBQBU NJTBMOZB UFNQVSVOH LFQBMB ZBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM EJ TFLFMJMJOHOZB UFLBOBO ZBOH EJVLVS CFSOJMBJ
NFOHFMJMJOHJ PUBL LBQTVM GJCSPTB LVBU ZBOH NFOHFMJMJOHJ OFHBUJG#FCFSBQBSPOHHBJOJBEBMBITFCBHBJCFSJLVU
HJOKBM MBQJTBO GJCSPTB ZBOH NFOHFMJMJOHJ PUPU EBO TLMFSB EJ 3POHHBJOUSBQMFVSBoNN)H
TFLFMJMJOH NBUB %J TFCBHJBO CFTBS KBSJOHBO JOJ UBOQB 3POHHBTJOPWJBTFOEJoTBNQBJoNN)H
NFOHIJSBVLBO NFUPEF ZBOH EJQBLBJ VOUVL NFOHVLVS OJMBJ 3POHHBFQJEVSBM oTBNQBJoNN)H
UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFOTUJTJBMOZB QPTJUJG /BNVO UFLBOBO 4. .FUPEF JNQMBOUBTJ LBQTVM VOUVL NFOHVLVS UFLBOBO DBJSBO
DBJSBO JOUFOTUJTJBM JOJ IBNQJS TFMBMV NBTJI MFCJI LFDJM JOUFSTUJTJBM EBQBU EJQBLBJ VOUVL NFSFLBN QFSVCBIBO EJOBNJL
EBSJQBEB UFLBOBO ZBOH UFSCFOUVL EJ TJTJ MVBS KBSJOHBO PMFI EBSJ UFLBOBO JOJ 1FSVCBIBO UFSTFCVU LJSBLJSB EJQFSIJUVOHLBO
QFSJTBJOZB 4FCBHBJ DPOUPI UFLBOBO DBJSBO TFSFCSPTQJOBM EJ EBQBUUFSKBEJ
CJMBUFLBOBOBSUFSJNFOJOHLBUBUBVNFOVSVO
TFLFMJMJOH PUBL TFFLPS CJOBUBOH ZBOH CFSCBSJOH SBUBSBUB
CJMBDBJSBOEJTVOUJLLBOLFEBMBNSVBOHKBSJOHBOTFLJUBSOZB
TFLJUBS NN )H TFEBOHLBO UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM BUBV
CJMBEJTVOUJLLBOCBIBOPTNPUJLLPMPJECFSLPOTFOUSBTJ
PUBLSBUBSBUBTFLJUBSTBNQBJNN)H%JEBMBNHJOKBM UJOHHJ LF EBMBN EBSBI VOUVL NFOHBCTPSQTJ DBJSBO EBSJ SVBOH
UFLBOBO LBQTVM ZBOH NFOHFMJMJOHJ HJOKBM SBUBSBUB NN KBSJOHBO#JBTBOZBQFSVCBIBOEJOBNJLJOJUJEBLEBQBUEJSFLBN
)H TFEBOHLBO UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM HJOKBM ZBOH TFDBSB BLVSBU LFDVBMJ KJLB UFLBOBO LBQTVM TBOHBU NFOEFLBUJ
EJMBQPSLBOSBUBSBUBTFLJUBSNN)H+BEJ CJMBLJUBJOHBU UFLBOBOJOUFSTJUJTJBMZBOHTFTVOHHVIOZB
CBIXB UFLBOBO ZBOH NFOEFTBL LVMJU BEBMBI TBNB EFOHBO
UFLBOBO BUNPTGFS ZBOH EJBOHHBQ UFLBOBO OPM LJUB EBQBU
NFSVNVTLBO BUVSBO VNVN ZBOH NFOZBUBLBO CBIXB
Ringkasan—Nilai Rata-Rata untuk Tekanan Negatif Cairan
UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM OPSNBM CJBTBOZB CFCFSBQB Interstisial dalam Jaringan Longgar Subkutan. 8BMBVQVO
NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB MFCJI OFHBUJG EBSJQBEB UFLBOBO ZBOH CFSCBHBJ NFUPEF ZBOH EJUVOKVLLBO EJ BUBT NFNCFSJ IBTJM ZBOH
TFEJLJU CFSCFEB VOUVL UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM BLIJSBLIJS JOJ
NFOHFMJMJOHJUJBQKBSJOHBO
UFSEBQBU BOHHBQBO VNVN EJ BOUBSB QBSB BIMJ GBBM CBIXB UFLBOBO
Apakah Nilai Tekanan Cairan Interstisial yang DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM ZBOH TFTVOHHVIOZB EBMBN KBSJOHBO MPOHHBS
Sesungguhnya di Jaringan Subkutan Longgar Lebih TVCLVUBOTFEJLJUMFCJISFOEBIEBSJQBEBUFLBOBOTVCBUNPTGFS SBUB
Rendah daripada Tekanan Atmosfer (Subatmosfer)? SBUBTFLJUBSoNN)H
,POTFQCBIXBUFLBOBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBMEJCFCFSBQBKBSJOHBO
UVCVI CFSTJGBU TVCBUNPTGFS UFMBI MBNB EJBNBUJ NFMBMVJ Pemompaan oleh Sistem Limfatik adalah Dasar Penyebab
PCTFSWBTJ LMJOJT IBM JOJ UJEBL EBQBU EJUFSBOHLBO PMFI LPOTFQ Tekanan Negatif Cairan Interstisial
UFSEBIVMVZBOHNFOZBUBLBOCBIXBUFLBOBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM 4JTUFN MJNGBUJL BLBO EJCBIBT LFNVEJBO EBMBN CBC JOJ UFUBQJ LJUB
TFMBMV QPTJUJG #FCFSBQB QFOHBNBUBO ZBOH CFSLBJUBO BEBMBI QFSMVNFOHFSUJEJTJOJNFOHFOBJQFSBOEBTBSZBOHEJKBMBOLBOPMFI
TFCBHBJCFSJLVU TJTUFNJOJEBMBNNFOFOUVLBOUFLBOBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM4JTUFN
183
Unit IV Sirkulasi
MJNGBUJL BEBMBI TJTUFN TDBWFOHFS QFNCFSTJI

ZBOH NFO TVEVU QBOEBOH EJOBNJLB LBQJMFS EBO DBJSBO KBSJOHBO QSPUFJO
HFMVBSLBOLFMFCJIBODBJSBO LFMFCJIBONPMFLVMQSPUFJO EFCSJT QMBTNBZBOHQFOUJOHUFSVUBNBBEBMBIBMCVNJO
EBO CBIBO MBJO EBSJ SVBOH KBSJOHBO /PSNBMOZB LFUJLB DBJSBO
NFNBTVLJ LBQJMFS MJNGBUJL UFSNJOBM EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI MJNGF Tekanan Osmotik Koloid Cairan Interstisial
TFDBSB PUPNBUJT BLBO CFSLPOUSBLTJ TFMBNB CFCFSBQB EFUJL EBO 8BMBVQVO VLVSBO QPSJQPSJ LBQJMFS CJBTB MFCJI LFDJM EBSJQBEB
NFNPNQBDBJSBOLFEBMBNTJSLVMBTJEBSBI,FTFMVSVIBOQSPTFT VLVSBO NPMFLVM QSPUFJO QMBTNB IBM JOJ UJEBL CFSMBLV VOUVL
UFSTFCVU NFODJQUBLBO UFLBOBO OFHBUJG TFEJLJU ZBOH UFMBI TFNVB QPSJQPSJ 0MFI LBSFOB JUV TFKVNMBI LFDJM QSPUFJO QMBTNB
UFSVLVSEJSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBM CPDPS NFMBMVJ QPSJQPSJ NBTVL LF EBMBN SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM
NFMBMVJQPSJEBOUSBOTJUPTJTQBEBWFTJLFMLFDJM
Tekanan Osmotik Koloid Plasma
+VNMBI UPUBM QSPUFJO EBMBN TFMVSVI MJUFS DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM
Protein dalam Plasma Menyebabkan Tekanan Osmo-
UVCVI TFEJLJU MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB KVNMBI UPUBM QSPUFJO EBMBN
tik Koloid. 1BEB #BC ZBOH NFNCBIBT EBTBS UFSCFOUVLOZB QMBTNB TFOEJSJ UFUBQJ LBSFOB WPMVNF JOJ FNQBU LBMJ MFCJI CFTBS
UFLBOBOPTNPUJL UFMBIEJUFLBOLBOCBIXBIBOZBNPMFLVMBUBV EBSJ WPMVNF QMBTNB LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO SBUBSBUB EBMBN DBJSBO
JPOZBOHUBLEBQBUNFMBMVJQPSJQPSJNFNCSBOTFNJQFSNFBCFM JOUFSTUJTJBM CJBTBOZB IBOZB QFSTFO EBSJ ZBOH UFSEBQBU EBMBN
ZBOH BLBO NFOJNCVMLBO UFLBOBO PTNPUJL 0MFI LBSFOB QMBTNB BUBV TFLJUBS HEM 4FDBSB LVBOUJUBUJG LJUB EBQBU NFMJIBU
QSPUFJO NFSVQBLBO TBUVTBUVOZB CBIBO UFSMBSVU EBMBN QMBTNB CBIXB UFLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE SBUBSBUB DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM VOUVL
EBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM ZBOH UJEBL EBQBU NFMBMVJ QPSJQPSJ LPOTFOUSBTJQSPUFJOJOJBEBMBITFLJUBSNN)H
LBQJMFS EFOHBO NVEBI QSPUFJO QMBTNB EBO QSPUFJO DBJSBO
JOUFSTUJTJBM CFSUBOHHVOH KBXBC BUBT UFSCFOUVLOZB UFLBOBO Pertukaran Volume Cairan melalui Membran Kapiler
PTNPUJL QBEB LFEVB TJTJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS 6OUVL NFNCFEB
LBOUFLBOBOPTNPUJLJOJEFOHBOUFLBOBOPTNPUJLZBOHUFSKBEJ 0MFI LBSFOB LJUB UFMBI NFNCBIBT CFSCBHBJ GBLUPS ZBOH
QBEB NFNCSBO TFM EJHVOBLBO JTUJMBI UFLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE NFNFOHBSVIJ QFSHFSBLBO DBJSBO NFMBMVJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS LJUB
BUBVUFLBOBOPOLPUJLMTUJMBIUFLBOBOPTNPUJLLPMPJECFSBTBM EBQBU NFOJOKBV TFMVSVI GBLUPS JOJ CFSTBNBTBNB VOUVL
EBSJ GBLUB CBIXB TVBUV MBSVUBO QSPUFJO NFOZFSVQBJ MBSVUBO NFOHFUBIVJDBSBZBOHEJHVOBLBOLBQJMFSVOUVLNFNQFSUBIBOLBO
LPMPJE XBMBVQVO QBEB LFOZBUBBOOZB MBSVUBO QSPUFJO UFSTFCVU EJTUSJCVTJ OPSNBM WPMVNF DBJSBO BOUBSB QMBTNB EBO DBJSBO
CFOBSCFOBSTVBUVMBSVUBONPMFLVM JOUFSTUJTJBM
5FLBOBO LBQJMFS SBUBSBUB EJ VKVOH BSUFSJ LBQJMFS CFTBSOZB
Nilai Normal untuk Tekanan Osmotik Koloid Plasma.
TBNQBJ NN )H MFCJI CFTBS EBSJ EJ VKVOH WFOB 0MFI LBSFOB
/JMBJ SBUBSBUB UFLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE QBEB QMBTNB NBOVTJB
QFSCFEBBO JOJ DBJSBO NFSFNCFT LFMVBS EBSJ LBQJMFS QBEB VKVOH
OPSNBMLJSBLJSBNN)HNNEBSJOJMBJJOJEJUJNCVMLBO
BSUFSJOZB OBNVO EJ VKVOH WFOBOZB DBJSBO EJBCTPSQTJ LFNCBMJ LF
PMFIFGFLNPMFLVMFSEBOQSPUFJOZBOHMBSVUEBONNPMFIFGFL
EBMBN LBQJMFS +BEJ TFCFOBSOZB BEB TFKVNMBI LFDJM DBJSBO ZBOH
%POOBO ZBJUV UFLBOBO PTNPUJL UBNCBIBO ZBOH EJUJNCVMLBO
NFOHBMJS NFMBMVJ KBSJOHBO EBSJ VKVOH BSUFSJ LBQJMFS NFOVKV LF
PMFI OBUSJVN LBMJVN EBO LBUJPO MBJOOZB ZBOH EJUBIBO EJ
VKVOHWFOB%JOBNJLBBMJSBOJOJBEBMBITFCBHBJCFSJLVU
EBMBNQMBTNBPMFIQSPUFJO
Pengaruh Macam-Macam Protein Plasma terhadap Tekanan

Analisis Daya yang Menyebabkan Filtrasi di Ujung Arteria
Osmotik Koloid. 1SPUFJO QMBTNB NFSVQBLBO TVBUV DBNQVSBO Kapiler. %BZBSBUBSBUBZBOHCFLFSKBEJVKVOHBSUFSJLBQJMFSZBOH
NFOHBOEVOH BMCVNJO EFOHBO CFSBU NPMFLVM SBUBSBUB NFOZFCBCLBOQFSHFSBLBONFMBMVJNFNCSBOLBQJMFSEJQFSMJIBULBO
HMPCVMJO EBO GJCSJOPHFO +BEJ HSBN HMPCVMJO TFCBHBJCFSJLVU
IBOZB NFOHBOEVOH TFUFOHBI KVNMBI NPMFLVM HSBN BMCVNJO
EBO HSBN GJCSJOPHFO IBOZB NFOHBOEVOH TFQFSFOBN KVNMBI
mm Hg
NPMFLVM HSBN BMCVNJO *OHBU LFNCBMJ QFNCJDBSBBO UFOUBOH
UFLBOBO PTNPUJL QBEB #BC ZBOH NFOZBUBLBO CBIXB UFLBOBO Daya yang cenderung menggerakkan cairan ke luar:
PTNPUJL MFCJI EJUFOUVLBO PMFI KVNMBI NPMFLVM ZBOH MBSVU EBMBN Tekanan kapiler (ujung arteri kapiler) 30
DBJSBO EBSJQBEB PMFI NBTTB NPMFLVMOZB 0MFI LBSFOB JUV CJMB Tekanan negatif cairan bebas interstisial 3
EJLPSFLTJ NFOKBEJ KVNMBI NPMFLVM CVLBOOZB NBTTB CBHBO Tekanan osmotik koloid cairan interstisial 8
CFSJLVU NFODBOUVNLBO LPOTFOUSBTJ NBTTB SFMBUJG HEM
EBSJ TOTAL DAYA KE LUAR 41
CFSCBHBJ KFOJT QSPUFJO EBMBN QMBTNB OPSNBM EBO LPOUSJCVTJOZB Daya yang cenderung menggerakkan cairan ke dalam:
UFSIBEBQUFLBOBOPTNPUJLLPMPJEQMBTNBUPUBM *1
Tekanan osmotik koloid plasma 28
TOTAL DAYA KE DALAM 28
g/dl ’p (mm Hg)
Albumin 4.5 21.8 Jumlah daya di atas:
Globulin 2.5 6.0 Ke luar 41
Ke dalam 28
Fibrinogen 0.3 0.2 NETO DAYA KE LUAR (DI UJUNG ARTERI) 13
Total 7.3 28.0
+BEJ LJSBLJSB QFSTFO EBSJ UFLBOBO PTNPUJL LPMPJE UPUBM +BEJ QFOKVNMBIBO EBZB EJ VKVOH BSUFSJ LBQJMFS NFOVOKVLLBO
EBMBNQMBTNBCFSBTBMEBSJGSBLTJBMCVNJO QFSTFOEBSJHMPCVMJO TVBUV UFLBOBO GJMUSBTJ OFUP TFCFTBS NN )H ZBOH DFOEFSVOH
EBOIBNQJSUJEBLBEBEBSJGJCSJOPHFO0MFILBSFOBJUV EJMJIBUEBSJ NFOEPSPOHDBJSBOLFMVBSNFMBMVJQPSJQPSJLBQJMFS
184
Bab 16 Mikrosirkutasi dan Sistem Limfatik: Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan Interstisial dan Aliran Life
5FLBOBO GJMUSBTJ TFCFTBS NN )H JOJ BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO mm Hg

OJMBJ SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS QMBTNB EJ EBMBN EBSBI ZBOH Daya rata-rata yang cenderung menggerakkan
NFOHBMJSVOUVLNFSFNCFTLFMVBSEBSJVKVOHBSUFSJLBQJMFSNBTVL cairan ke luar:
LFEBMBNSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBMTFUJBQLBMJEBSBIMFXBUNFMBMVJLBQJMFS Tekanan kapiler rata-rata 17.3
UNIT IV
Tekanan negatif cairan bebas interstisial 3.0
Analisis Reabsorpsi di Ujung Vena Kapiler. 5FLBOBO Tekanan osmotik koloid cairan interstisial 8.0
EBSBIZBOHSFOEBIEJVKVOHWFOBLBQJMFSNFOHVCBILFTFJNCBOH TOTAL DAYA KE LUAR 28.3
BOEBZBEBZBZBOHNFNCBOUVBCTPSQTJTFQFSUJCFSJLVU Daya rata-rata yang cenderung menggerakkan
cairan ke dalam:
Tekanan osmotik koloid plasma 28.0
mm Hg TOTAL DAYA KE DALAM 28.0
Daya yang cenderung menggerakkan cairan ke dalam:
Tekanan osmotik koloid plasma 28 Penjumlahan daya rata-rata:
TOTAL DAYA KE DALAM 28 Ke luar 28.3
Ke dalam 28.0
Daya yang cenderung menggerakkan cairan ke luar: NETO DAYA KE LUAR 0.3
Tekanan kapiler (ujung arteri kapiler) 10
Tekanan negatif cairan bebas interstisial 3
Tekanan osmotik koloid cairan interstisial 8 LBO GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO LF EBMBN SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM TFEJLJU MFCJI
TOTAL DAYA KE LUAR 21 CBOZBLEBSJQBEBQSPTFTSFBCTPSQTJ4FEJLJULFMFCJIBOGJMUSBTJJOJ
Penjumlahan daya di atas EJTFCVU GJMUSBTJ CFSTJI OFU GJMUSBUJPO
EBO DBJSBO JOJMBI ZBOH
Ke dalam 28 IBSVT LFNCBMJ LF TJSLVMBTJ NFMBMVJ TJTUFN MJNGBUJL ,FDFQBUBO
Ke luar 21 OPSNBM EBSJ GJMUSBTJ CFSTJI EJ TFMVSVI UVCVI UJEBL UFSNBTVL
NETO DAYA KE DALAM 7 HJOKBM LJSBLJSBIBOZBNMNFOJU
Koefisien Filtrasi. 1BEB DPOUPI TFCFMVNOZB EBZB LFUJEBL
%FOHBOEFNJLJBO EBZBZBOHNFOZFCBCLBODBJSBOCFSHFSBLLF TFJNCBOHBOCFSTJISBUBSBUBQBEBNFNCSBOLBQJMFSTFCFTBS
EBMBN LBQJMFS ZBJUV NN )H MFCJI CFTBS EBSJQBEB EBZB ZBOH NN )H BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO UFSKBEJOZB GJMUSBTJ CFSTJI DBJSBO EJ
NFMBXBO SFBCTPSQTJ ZBLOJ NN )H 1FSCFEBBO NN )H TFMVSVI UVCVI TFCFTBS NMNFOJU #JMB LJUB OZBUBLBO OJMBJ JOJ
BEBMBIUFLBOBOSFBCTPSQTJOFUPQBEBVKVOHWFOBLBQJMFS5FLBOBO QFS NJMJNFUFS BJS SBLTB LJUB EBQBULBO LFDFQBUBO GJMUSBTJ CFSTJI
SFBCTPSQTJJOJMFCJILFDJMEBSJQBEBUFLBOBOGJMUSBTJEJVKVOHBSUFSJ TFCFTBS NMNFOJU DBJSBO QFS NN )H EJ TFMVSVI UVCVI
LBQJMFS UFUBQJ JOHBUMBI CBIXB LBQJMFS WFOB KVNMBIOZB MFCJI 1FSOZBUBBO JOJ EJTFCVU TFCBHBJ LPFGJTJFO GJMUSBTJ LBQJMFS TFMVSVI
CBOZBL EBO MFCJI QFSNFBCFM EBSJQBEB LBQJMFS BSUFSJ TFIJOHHB UVCVI
IBOZB EJCVUVILBO MFCJI TFEJLJU UFLBOBO SFBCTPSQTJ VOUVL EBQBU ,PFGJTJFOGJMUSBTJEBQBUKVHBEJOZBUBLBOVOUVLCBHJBOCBHJBO
NFOZFCBCLBOQFSHFSBLBODBJSBOLFSBIEBMBN UFSQJTBI EJ UVCVI EBMBN JTUJMBI MBKV GJMUSBTJ QFS NFOJU QFS NN
5FLBOBO SFBCTPSQTJ NFOZFCBCLBO TFLJUBS TFNCJMBO QFS )H QFS HSBN KBSJOHBO %BMBN IBM JOJ LPFGJTJFO GJMUSBTJ
TFQVMVIDBJSBOZBOHUFMBIEJGJMUSBTJLFMVBSEBSJVKVOHBSUFSJLBQJMFS KBSJOHBO SBUBSBUB BEBMBI TFLJUBS NM NFOJUNN )H H
EJBCTPSQTJLFNCBMJEJVKVOHWFOB4FQFSTFQVMVITJTBOZBNFOHBMJS KBSJOHBO /BNVO BLJCBU QFSCFEBBO ZBOH FLTUSFN QBEB
LFEBMBNQFNCVMVIMJNGFEBOLFNCBMJLFEBSBIZBOHCFSTJSLVMBTJ QFSNFBCJMJUBT TJTUFN LBQJMFS EJ CFSCBHBJ KBSJOHBO LPFGJTJFO JOJ
CFSWBSJBTJMFCJIEBSJLBMJMJQBUBOUBSKBSJOHBOZBOHCFSCFEB
Keseimbangan Starling bagi Pertukaran melalui Kapiler CFEB ,PFGJTJFO JOJ TBOHBU LFDJM EJ EBMBN PUBL EBO PUPU DVLVQ
CFTBS EJ KBSJOHBO TVCMDVUBO CFTBS EJ VTVT EBO TBOHBU CFTBS EJ
-FCJI EBSJ TBUV BCBE ZBOH MBMV &SOFTU ) 4UBSMJOH NFOZBUBLBO
IBUJ EBO HMPNFSVMVT HJOKBM ZBOH NFNQVOZBJ CBOZBL QPSJQPSJ
CBIXB QBEB LPOEJTJ OPSNBM UFSEBQBU TVBUV LFBEBBO NFOEFLBUJ
BUBVQPSJQPSJZBOHUFSCVLBMFCBS%FOHBODBSBZBOHTBNB EBZB
LFTFJNCBOHBO EJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS TFCBHJBO CFTBS LBQJMFS ZBJUV
UFNCVTQSPUFJONFMBMVJNFNCSBOLBQJMFSKVHBTBOHBUCFSWBSJBTJ
KVNMBI DBJSBO ZBOH EJGJMUSBTJ LFMVBS EBSJ VKVOH BSUFSJ CFCFSBQB
,POTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO EJ EBMBN DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM PUPU LJSBLJSB
LBQJMFS IBNQJS TFUBSB EFOHBO KVNMBI DBJSBO ZBOH LFNCBMJ LF
HEMEJEBMBNKBSJOHBOTVCLVUBOHEMEJEBMBNVTVTH
TJSLVMBTJNFMBMVJQSPTFTBCTPSQTJ4FEJLJULFUJEBLTFJNCBOHBOZBOH
EMEBOEJEBMBNIBUJHEM
UFSKBEJ NFSVQBLBO TFKVNMBI LFDJM DBJSBO ZBOH QBEB BLIJSOZB
EJLFNCBMJLBOLFTJSLVMBTJNFMBMVJTJTUFNMJNGBUJL
Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Daya Abnormal di
#BHBOCFSJLVUNFNQFSMJIBULBOQSJOTJQQSJOTJQLFTFJNCBOHBO Membran Kapiler
4UBSMJOH1BEBCBHBOJOJ UFLBOBOEBMBNLBQJMFSBSUFSJEBOLBQJMFS
#JMB UFLBOBO LBQJMFS SBUBSBUB NFOJOHLBU EJ BUBT NN )H
WFOB UFMBI EJSBUBSBUBLBO NFOKBEJ UFLBOBO LBQJMFS GVOHTJPOBM
EBZB OFUP ZBOH DFOEFSVOH NFOZFCBCLBO GJMUSBTJ DBJSBO LF
SBUBSBUB/JMBJJOJUFMBIEJIJUVOH CFTBSOZB NN)H
EBMBN SVBOH KBSJOHBO BLBO NFOJOHLBU +BEJ LFOBJLBO UFLBOBO
+BEJ VOUVL TJSLVMBTJ LBQJMFS UPUBM LJUB KVNQBJ TVBUV LFBEBBO LBQJMFSSBUBSBUBTFCFTBSNN)HNFOZFCBCLBOQFOJOHLBUBO
ZBOH NFOEFLBUJ LFTFJNCBOHBO BOUBSB UPUBM EBZB LFMVBS TFCFTBS UFLBOBO GJMUSBTJ OFUP EBSJ NN )H NFOKBEJ NN )H
NN )H EBO UPUBM EBZB LF EBMBN TFCFTBS NN )H NFOHIBTJMLBOGJMUSBTJOFUPDBJSBOLFEBMBNSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBM
4FEJLJUEBZBLFUJEBLTFJNCBOHBOJOJ ZBJUV NN)H NFOZFCBC LBMJMFCJICFTBSEJCBOEJOHLBOLFBEBBOOPSNBM6OUVLNFO
185
Unit IV Sirkulasi
DFHBI BLVNVMBTJ DBJSBO CFSMFCJIBO EJ EBMBN SVBOH UFSTFCVU Saluran Limfe Tubuh
EJCVUVILBOLBMJBMJSBODBJSBOOPSNBMLFEBMBNTJTUFNMJNGF
)BNQJSTFMVSVIKBSJOHBOUVCVINFNQVOZBJTBMVSBOMJNGF
TVBUV KVNMBI ZBOH CFTBSOZB TBNQBJ LBMJ UFSMBMV CBOZBL
LIVTVT ZBOH NFOHBMJSLBO LFMFCJIBO DBJSBO TFDBSB
VOUVL EJBOHLVU PMFI TBMVSBO MJNGF "LJCBUOZB DBJSBO BLBO
MBOHTVOH EBSJ SVBOH JOUFSTUJTJBM #FCFSBQB QFOHFDVBMJBO
NVMBJNFOVNQVLEJEBMBNSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBMEBONFOJNCVMLBO
BOUBSB MBJO CBHJBO QFSNVLBBO LVMJU TJTUFN TBSBG QVTBU
FEFNB
FOEPNJTJVN PUPU EBO UVMBOH /BNVO CBILBO KBSJOHBO
4FCBMJLOZB CJMBUFLBOBOLBQJMFSUVSVOTBOHBUSFOEBI UFSKBEJ KBSJOHBO UFSTFCVU NFNQVOZBJ QFNCVMVI JOUFSTUJTJBM LFDJM
SFBCTPSQTJ OFUP DBJSBO LF EBMBN LBQJMFS TFCBHBJ QFOHHBOUJ EJTFCVU TBMVSBO QSBMJNGBUJL ZBOH EBQBU EJBMJSJ PMFI DBJSBO
GJMUSBTJ OFUP EBO WPMVNF EBSBI BLBO NFOJOHLBU LBSFOB
JOUFSTUJTJBM QBEB BLIJSOZB DBJSBO JOJ NFOHBMJS LF EBMBN
QFOHFMVBSBOWPMVNFDBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM&GFLLFUJEBLTFJNCBOHBO
QFNCVMVIMJNGFBUBV QBEBPUBL NFOHBMJSLFEBMBNDBJSBO
EJ NFNCSBO LBQJMFS EBMBN IVCVOHBOOZB EFOHBO CFSCBHBJ
TFSFCSPTQJOBM EBO LFNVEJBO MBOHTVOH LFNCBMJ LF EBMBN
CFOUVLFEFNBBLBOEJCJDBSBLBOEJ#BC
EBSBI
1BEBEBTBSOZBTFMVSVIQFNCVMVIMJNGFEBSJCBHJBOCBXBI
Sistem Limfatik UVCVI QBEB BLIJSOZB BLBO CFSNVBSB LF EVLUVT UPSBLTJLVT
ZBOHTFMBOKVUOZBCFSNVBSBLFEBMBNTJTUFNEBSBIWFOBQBEB
4JTUFNMJNGBUJLNFSVQBLBOTVBUVKBMVSUBNCBIBOUFNQBUDBJSBO QFSUFNVBO BOUBSB WFOB KVHVMBSJT JOUFSOB LJSJ EBO WFOB
EBQBUNFOHBMJSEBSJSVBOHJOUFSTUJTJBMLFEBMBNEBSBI)BMZBOH TVCLMBWJBLJSJ TFQFSUJZBOHEJJMVTUSBTJLBOQBEB(BNCBS
UFSQFOUJOH TJTUFN MJNGBUJL EBQBU NFOHBOHLVU QSPUFJO EBO [BU
$BJSBOMJNGFEBSJTJTJLJSJLFQBMB MFOHBOLJSJ EBOTFCBHJBO
[BU CFSQBSUJLFM CFTBS LFMVBS EBSJ SVBOH KBSJOHBO ZBOH UJEBL
EBFSBI UPSBLT KVHB NFNBTVLJ EVLUVT UPSBLTJLVT TFCFMVN
EBQBU EJQJOEBILBO EFOHBO QSPTFT BCTPSQTJ MBOHTVOH LF EBMBN
CFSNVBSBLFEBMBNWFOB
LBQJMFSEBSBI1FOHFNCBMJBOQSPUFJOLFEBMBNEBSBIEBOSVBOH
$BJSBO MJNGF EBSJ TJTJ LBOBO MFIFS EBO LFQBMB MFOHBO
JOUFSTUJTJBM JOJ NFSVQBLBO GVOHTJ QFOUJOH EBO UBOQB BEBOZB
LBOBO EBOCBHJBOLBOBOUPSBLTNFNBTVLJEVLUVTMJNGBUJLVT
GVOHTJUFSTFCVU LJUBBLBONFOJOHHBMEBMBNXBLUVKBN
LBOBO KBVI MFCJI LFDJM EBSJQBEB EVLUVT UPSBLTJLVT
ZBOH
BLBOCFSNVBSBLFEBMBNTJTUFNEBSBIWFOBQBEBQFSUFNVBO
BOUBSBWFOBTVCLMBWJBLBOBOEBOWFOBKVHVMBSJTJOUFSOB
assa limfosit dan

makrofag
elenjar limfe ser ikalis

elenjar limfe sentinel
ena subkla ia
.duktus limfatikus
Duktus toraksikus
elenjar limfe
aksilaris
ilus sistema
elenjar limfe
abdomen
elenjar limfe
inguinal
embuluh
Saluran limfe perifer
limfatkus
apiler darah
Sel jaringan
apiler
limfatikus
Cairan interstisial
Gambar 16-7 Sistem limfatik.
186
Bab 16 Mikrosirkulasi dan Sistem Limfatik: Pertukaran Cairan Kapiler, Cairan InterstisiaL dan Abran Limfe
Kapiler Limfe Terminal dan Permeabilitasnya. 4FCBHJBO IFQBS DBJSBO MJNGF ZBOH UFSCFOUVL NFNQVOZBJ LPOTFOUSBTJ
CFTBS DBJSBO ZBOH NFSFNCFT EBSJ VKVOH BSUFSJ LBQJMFS EBSBI QSPUFJOTFUJOHHJHEM EBODBJSBOMJNGFZBOHEJCFOUVLEJVTVT
NFOHBMJS EJ BOUBSB TFMTFM EBO BLIJSOZB EJSFBCTPSQTJ LFNCBMJ LF NFNJMJLJ LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO TFUJOHHJ TBNQBJ HEM 0MFI
EBMBN VKVOH WFOB EBSJ LBQJMFS EBSBI UFUBQJ SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS LBSFOB LVSBOH MFCJI EVB QFSUJHB EBSJ TFMVSVI DBJSBO MJNGF
UNIT IV
TFQFSTFQVMVI DBJSBO UFSTFCVU NBMBI NFNBTVLJ LBQJMFS MJNGF EBO OPSNBMOZB CFSBTBM EBSJ IBUJ EBO VTVT DBJSBO MJNGF EVLUVT
LFNCBMJ LF EBSBI NFMBMVJ TJTUFN MJNGBUJL EBO CVLBO NFMBMVJ UPSBLTJLVT ZBOH NFSVQBLBO DBNQVSBO DBJSBO MJNGF EBSJ
LBQJMFSWFOB+VNMBIUPUBMDBJSBOMJNGFZBOHLFNCBMJJOJOPSNBM TFMVSVI UVCVI CJBTBOZB NFNQVOZBJ LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO
OZBIBOZBTBNQBJ-IBSJ TBNQBMHEM
$BJSBOZBOHLFNCBMJLFTJSLVMBTJNFMBMVJTJTUFNMJNGBUJLTBOHBU 4JTUFN MJNGBUJL KVHB NFSVQBLBO TBMBI TBUV KBMVS VUBNB
QFOUJOH LBSFOB [BU[BU EFOHBO CFSBU NPMFLVM UJOHHJ TFQFSUJ VOUVL BCTPSQTJ [BU OVUSJTJ EBO TBMVSBO DFSOB UFSVUBNB VOUVL
QSPUFJO UJEBL EBQBU EJBCTPSQTJ EFOHBO DBSB MBJO NFTLJQVO BCTPSQTJIBNQJSTFNVBMFNBLUVCVI ZBOHBLBOEJCJDBSBLBOEJ
QSPUFJO UFSTFCVU EBQBU NFNBTVLJ LBQJMFS MJNGF IBNQJS UBOQB #BC .BMBIBO TFUFMBI NFOZBOUBQ NBLBOBO CFSMFNBL
IBNCBUBO 1FOZFCBC IBM UFSTFCVU JBMBI BEBOZB TUSVLUVS LIVTVT DBJSBO MJNGF EJ EBMBN EVLUVT UPSBLTJLVT LBEBOHLBEBOH
QBEBLBQJMFSMJNGF TFQFSUJZBOHEJJMVTUSBTJLBOQBEB(BNCBS NFOHBOEVOHTBNQBJQFSTFOMFNBL
(BNCBS JOJ NFNQFSMJIBULBO TFMTFM FOEPUFM LBQJMFS MJNGF ZBOH "LIJSOZB CBILBO QBSUJLFMQBSUJLFM CFTBS TFQFSUJ CBLUFSJ
EJSFLBULBO PMFI GJMBNFO QFOBNCBU LF KBSJOHBO JLBU TFLJUBSOZB EBQBUNFNBTVLJTBMVSBOMJNGFEJBOUBSBTFMTFMFOEPUFMLBQJMFS
1BEBQFSUBVUBOBOUBSTFMTFMFOEPUFMZBOHCFSTFCFMBIBO UFQJEBSJ MJNGFEBOEFOHBODBSBUFSTFCVU NBTVLLFDBJSBOMJNGF,FUJLB
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NFNCFOUVL TVBUV LBUVQ LFDJM ZBOH NFNCVLB LF CBHJBO EBMBN BLBOEJCJDBSBLBOEJ#BC
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Kecepatan Aliran Limfe
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BMJSBO CBMJL BLBO NFOVUVQ LBUVQ +BEJ TJTUFN MJNGBUJL NFN NM MBJOOZB UJBQ KBN NFOHBMJS LF EBMBN TJSLVMBTJ NFMBMVJ
QVOZBJ LBUVQ EJ CBHJBO QBMJOH VKVOH EBSJ LBQJMFS MJNGF UFSNJOBM TBMVSBO MBJO TFIJOHHB NFNCVBU QFSLJSBBO UPUBM BMJSBO MJNGF
EBO NFNQVOZBJ LBUVQ EJ TFQBOKBOH QFNCVMVI MJNGF ZBOH TFLJUBSNMKBN BUBVTBNQBJ-IBSJ
CFSVLVSBO MFCJI CFTBS TBNQBJ QBEB UJUJL UFNQBU TJTUFN UFSTFCVU
CFSNVBSBLFEBMBNTJSLVMBTJEBSBI Pengaruh Tekanan Cairan Interstisial terhadap Aliran
Cairan Limfe. (BNCBS NFNQFSMJIBULBO FGFL CFSCBHBJ
Pembentukan Cairan Limfe OJMBJ UFLBOBO DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM UFSIBEBQ BMJSBO MJNGF TFQFSUJ
ZBOH EJVLVS QBEB UVOHLBJ TFFLPS BOKJOH 1FSIBUJLBO CBIXB
$BJSBO MJNGF CFSBTBM EBSJ DBJSBO JOUFSTUJTJBM ZBOH NFOHBMJS LF BMJSBOMJNGFOPSNBMTBOHBULFDJMQBEBUFLBOBODBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM
EBMBN TJTUFN MJNGBUJL 0MFI LBSFOB JUV DBJSBO MJNGF ZBOH ZBOHMFCJIOFHBUJGEBSJOJMBJOPSNBMZBOHCFTBSOZBNN)H
NFNBTVLJ QFNCVMVI MJNGF UFSNJOBM NFNQVOZBJ LPNQPTJTJ ,FNVEJBO LFUJLB UFLBOBO NFOJOHLBU TBNQBJ NN )H
IBNQJSTBNBEFOHBOLPNQPTJTJDBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBM UFLBOBOBUNPTGFS
KVNMBIBMJSBOBLBONFOJOHLBUMFCJIEBSJ
,POTFOUSBTJQSPUFJOEBMBNDBJSBOJOUFSTUJTJBMEJTFCBHJBOCFTBS LBMJMJQBU0MFILBSFOBJUV GBLUPSBQBQVOZBOHNFOJOHLBULBO
KBSJOHBO SBUBSBUB TFLJUBS HEM EBO LPOTFOUSBTJ QSPUFJO DBJSBO
MJNGFZBOHNFOHBMJSEBSJKBSJOHBOUFSTFCVUNFOEFLBUJOJMBJJOJ%J
r a
m
a ra
Sel endotel atup
2 kali kali
mm Hg mm Hg
1
6 4 2 0 2 4
PT (mm Hg)
Gambar - ubungan antara tekanan cairan interstisial dan

ilamen penambat aliran limfe pada tungkai seekor anjing. erhatikan bah a aliran
Gambar - Struktur khusus kapiler limfe yang memungkinkan limfe mencapai maksimum ketika tekanan interstisial, sedikit
le atnya zat-zat dengan berat molekul tinggi masuk ke dalam meningkat di atas tekanan atmosfer mm g , Sumbangan
cairan limfe. Drs, arry Gibson dan ubrey aylor .
187

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IV

'VOHTJ TJSLVMBTJ BEBMBI BSUFSJEBO CFSGVOHTJTFCBHBJ TBMVSBO LFOEBMJ VOUVL NFOFOUVLBO

r ula aru- ZBOH TJOHLBU JOJ NFSVQBLBO GBLUB ZBOH NFOHIFSBOLBO

Tekanan di Berbagai Bagian Sirkulasi.

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NFOHBMJS (FMPNCBOH TVBSB VMUSBTPOJL ZBOH EJQBOUVMLBO

QFSMFLBUBO EFOHBO EJOEJOH QFNCVMVI -BQJTBO NPMFLVM

UVSCVMFO EJ CFCFSBQB QFSDBCBOHBO QFNCVMVI UFUBQJ BLBO

dyne detik 1333  mm Hg

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7JTLPTJUBT EBSBI MFOHLBQ QBEB IFNBUPLSJU OPSNBM BEBMBI

Pengaruh Tekanan terhadap Tahanan Pembuluh

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seperti otot rangka Per atikan ba a di antara tekanan dan

NBUJL EBO LBSFOB JUV EJTUFOTJCJMJUBTOZB LJSBLJSB FOBN LBMJ

e anan (mm Hg)

EBQBU NFOVUVQ TFQFOVIOZB 0MFI LBSFOB JUV TFUFMBI TFUJBQ

e anan (mm Hg)

Metode Minis untuk Mengukur Tekanan Sistolik dan

Sistol Diastol Insisura

#VOZJ ,PSPULPGG EJTFCBCLBO UFSVUBNB PMFI TFNCVSBO EBSBI

e anan (mm Hg)

Tekanan Vena—Tekanan Atrium Kanan (Tekanan Vena

Fungsi Penampungan Darah dari Vena ena

Daftar Pustaka pressure measurement in experimental animals: a statement for pro-fessionals

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Metode Isogravimetrik untuk Mengukur Tekanan Kapiler

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assa limfosit dan

elenjar limfe ser ikalis

Gambar 16-7 Sistem limfatik.

Sel endotel atup

Gambar - ubungan antara tekanan cairan interstisial dan

Anda mungkin juga menyukai

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dyne detik 1333 mm Hg

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'VOHTJ UFSQFOUJOH TJSLVMBTJ UFSKBEJ CVLBEBONFOVUVQKBMBONBTVLLFLBQJMFS

%BSBI VNVNOZB UJEBL NFOHBMJS TFDBSB UFSVTNFOFSVT NFMBMVJ

Fungsi Rata-Rata Sistem Kapiler NCSBOTFMLBQJMFSUBOQBIBSVTNFMFXBUJQPSJQPSJ;BUUFSTFCVU

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%BMBN QBSBHSBGQBSBHSBG CFSJLVU LJUB BLBO NFNCBIBT TFD

5FLBOBO GJMUSBTJ TFCFTBS NN )H JOJ BLBO NFOZFCBCLBO mm Hg