02 Standard Gambar Teknik PDF
02 Standard Gambar Teknik PDF
Jurusan Teknik Fisika, Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Kiri Kanan
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Diperlukan suatu
Standar Gambar Teknik
Standar Gambar Teknik
Himpunan aturan yg mengatur bgmn gambar
teknik dibuat
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Perbedaan Bahasa Lisan,
Tertulis dan Bahasa Gambar
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Sejarah Standar Gambar Teknik (2)
• 1978: BS versi sekolah (school & colledge)
dikeluarkan dan dinamai
dikeluarkan dan dinamai “PDPD 7308
7308”
– Setelah itu BS direvisi berkali‐kali dan akhirnya jg
memasukkan standar ISO (International Standard
Organization)
• 1980‐an: Jumlah standar ISO gambar teknik
semakin banyak, shg sulit utk menyelaraskan
ki b k h lit tk l k
BS 308 dg standar ISO.
• 1985: BS menggunakan sistem metrik
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Sejarah Standar Gambar Teknik (4)
• 2000: BS 308 ditinggalkan dan diganti dg
standar baru yg dinamai BS 8888:2000, yg
t d b di i BS 8888 2000
sebenarnya lebih mirip sebuah peta rute yg
menyediakan link antara bagian2 yg ada di BS
308 lama dg standar ISO.
ASME
• ASME = The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• Dokumen2 yang dikeluarkan oleh ASME antara lain:
– ASME Y14.100 ‐ 2004 Engineering Drawing Practices
– ASME Y14.4M ‐ 1989 Pictorial Drawing
– ASME Y14.3M – Multi and Sectional View Drawings
– ASME Y14.1 ‐1995 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and
Format
– ASME Y14.5M –1994 Geometric Dimensioning and d
Tolerancing
– ASME Y14.13M ‐1981 Mechanical Spring Representation
– ASME B31.1 – 2004: Power Piping, Pressure Piping
Nazrul Effendy, UGM 10
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Standard Code
Country Code Full name
JIS Z 8311 Uk
Ukuran d format
dan f t gambar
b
JIS Z 8312 Konvensi garis
JIS Z 8313 Lettering
JIS Z 8314 Skala
JIS Z 8315 Metode Proyeksi
JIS Z 8316 Presentation of Views and Sections
JIS Z 8317 Dimensioning
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Bagian-Bagian Gambar Teknik
Gambar teknik dibuat menggunakan bahasa grafis
dan bahasa karakter huruf/angka
g
Bahasa
Grafis
Umumnya menjelaskan
bentuk
Bahasa Karakter
Huruf / Angka
Menjelaskan ukuran, lokasi
dan spesifikasi objek
Dasar-dasar Drafting
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Format Kertas Gambar
• Standard nasional Amerika
– A – 8.5”x 11”
– B – 11”x 17”
– C –
C 17”x 22”
17” 22”
– D – 22”x 34”
– E – 34”x 44”
• International Standard ISO (mm)
– A4 – 210 x 297
– A3 – 297 x 420
– A2 – 420 x 594
– A1 – 594 x 841
– A0 – 841 x 1189
Kertas Gambar
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
A3
Standard sheet size
(JIS) A2
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420 A1
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
(Dimensions in millimeters) A0
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Orientation of drawing sheet
c
d
d c Drawing
Border Drawing space
space Title block
lines Title block
c
Drawing Scales
Length, size
Scale is the ratio of the linear dimension of an element
off an object
bj t shown
h iin th
the d
drawing
i tto th
the reall lilinear
dimension of the same element of the object.
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Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow
1. Blok judul
2. Grid system
3. Blok revisi
4. Catatan dan legenda
5. Engineering drawing (graphic portion)
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Drawing Standards, sheet format
Example C Size
Drawing Standards, sheet format
# of Shts
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Title Block
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Grid System
Revision Block
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Menandai Perubahan
• Dua metode untuk mengindikasi adanya
revisi:
ii
– Metode awan (Cloud method)
– Menempatkan lingkaran (atau segitiga atau
bentuk lain) dengan bilangan revisi disebelah
bagian yang direvisi
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Methods of Denoting Changes
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Catatan dan Legenda
• Although a majority of the symbols and lines
are self‐explanatory or standard, a few unique
lf l t t d d f i
symbols and conventions must be explained
for each drawing.
• The notes and legends section of a drawing
lists and explains any special symbols and
p y p y
conventions used on the drawing
Notes and Legends
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Basic Line Types
Name according
Types of Lines Appearance
to application
Meaning of Lines
Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the
current view
Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in
the current view
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Cara membuat garis
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Griffith, B., 2003, Engineering Drawing for Manufacture, Kogan Page Science
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