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Introduction
Artificial intelligence also Know to be machine level intelligence
which is basically demonstrated by machines which is similar to
natural intelligence can be Described as human mind is capable of
learning and solving problems and other assets.
“As machines become increasingly capable of tasks it is considered or
held to require intelligence or often know to be AI or this
phenomenon is Know to be as AI effect. As TESLERS theorem says
AI is whatever that hasn’t been done so far.
Artificial intelligence can be classified into 3 different system:
*Analytical Human Inspired, human artificial intelligence
Analytical AI has cognitive intelligence/process of acquiring
knowledge and understanding through thoughts experience and
sense.
Human inspired AI has some features from cognitive with some
addition features like emotional intelligence understanding of
human emotion It is similar to human in terms of decision
making
Humanized AI shows features and characteristics of all types
from the above elements
Artificial intelligence was founded as an academic discipline , In
several years it has engaged to several waves of optimism
brought by many ups and lows ,disappointments loss of funding
which is know to be as “AI winter”
AI is divided into several subfields that often fails to
communicate with each other .some of them are robotics and
artificial neural networks the traditional problem s of AI include
are reasoning knowledge representation ,planning learning
,natural language processing and some ability to move and
manupulated, objects.
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domain of application .The late 1970s and early 1980s saw the
development of more capable programs that contained the knowledge
required to mimic expert human performance at several tasks
,including diagnosis ,design ,and analysis .several methods of
representation problem specific knowledge were exploded and
developed .the programs that is credited with first demonstrating that
importance of large amounts of domain -specific knowledge is
“DENRAL” a system for predict the structure of organic molecules
given their chemical formula and several other expect systems
followed including ones that performed medical diagnoses ,present
tends the future is that the constant pressure to improve the
capabilities of robot and software agents will motivated and guide
artificial intelligence research for many years to come .
REPRESENTATION:
Many problem related to AI require some elementary form of
representation
Chess board
Maze *PERCEPTION-*COGNITION-*ACTION
Text
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Object
Room
Sound
visual scene
“A major part of AI is representation or representing the problem
space so to have efficient search for the best output”
In other words this representation can also be Know as solution
example: identifying similarities
Telecommunication
Toys
Network
Boolean logics and function can applied for programming structure
but efficiently can be applied for electronic circuits the inputs for the
circuits is taken in some form of signals with the use of some
technological sensors they are usually applied by a network of logical
gates such as AND gate ,NOT gate, OR gate etc. one of the most
popular circuits in network are so know to be threshold which gives a
nonlinear functions of a weighted sum of their inputs “thresholds
logic units .A certain type of logic on robots can be made through
TLU,As x1x2^bar=(s2+s3) (s4+s5)^bar=(s2+s3)s4^bar
s5^bar.Coming to complex problem in today s world (TLU)such
system is required some types of elementary circuits can be neural
networks cause these type of circuits are simplest and easy for user or
developer to understand which do not depend on their current strength
of the inputs across synapses of various strength using programmable
gate level arrays dynamic circuits building can be achieved which is
called to be t-r program dynamically which builds the run time in the
circuits .KATZ3 said that”a simple network with repeated
combination of inverters and AND gates which can be implemented
by TLUs can be used to implement any T-R program
estimated 10% to 20% of all the checks written in the US. Since 2011,
fast implementations of CNNs on GPUs have won many visual
pattern recognition competitions.
CNNs with 12 convolutional layers were used in conjunction
with reinforcement learning by Deepmind's "AlphaGo Lee", the
program that beat a top Go champi.
AUTO MOTIVES
Advancements in AI have contributed to the growth of the automotive
industry through the creation and evolution of self-driving vehicles.
As of 2016, there are over 30 companies utilizing AI into the creation
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ADVANTAGES OF AI
1. Error Reduction:
Intelligent robots are fed with information and are sent to explore space.
Since they are machines with metal bodies, they are more resistant and
have a greater ability to endure the space and hostile atmosphere.
They are created and acclimatized in such a way that they cannot be
modified or get disfigured or breakdown in a hostile environment.
2. Difficult Exploration:
Due to the programming of the robots, they can perform more laborious
and hard work with greater responsibility. Moreover, they do not wear
out easily.
3. Daily Application:
We are also hitting the road for long drives and trips with the help of
GPS. The smartphone is an apt and everyday example of how we use
artificial intelligence. In utilities, we find that they can predict what we
are going to type and correct the human errors in spelling. That is
machine intelligence at work.
4. Digital Assistants:
Emotions are associated with moods that can cloud judgment and affect
human efficiency. This is completely ruled out for machine
intelligence.
5. Repetitive Jobs:
Repetitive jobs which are monotonous in nature can be carried out with
the help of machine intelligence. Machines think faster than humans
and can be put to multi-tasking. Machine intelligence can be employed
to carry out dangerous tasks. Their parameters, unlike humans, can be
adjusted. Their speed and time are calculation based parameters only.
6. Medical Applications:
In the medical field also, we will find the wide application of AI.
Doctors assess the patients and their health risks with the help of
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. No Breaks:
1. High Cost:
2. No Replicating Humans:
Machines do not have any emotions and moral values. They perform
what is programmed and cannot make the judgment of right or wrong.
Even cannot take decisions if they encounter a situation unfamiliar to
them. They either perform incorrectly or breakdown in such situations.
4. No Original Creativity:
These are not the forte of artificial intelligence. While they can help
you design and create, they are no match to the power of thinking that
the human brain has or even the originality of a creative mind.
5. Unemployment:
AI Safety Research:
In the recent times and in the near future, the need of having beneficial
effects of artificial intelligence on the society has motivated research in
many areas like security or control to nontechnical topics like
economics and law.
The argument that will we ever achieve that supreme level of artificial
ever is on. The creators and perpetrators of artificial intelligence insist
that machine intelligence is beneficial and has been created to help the
human race.
Shimon Whiteson believes that man and computer are not separate;
they are in fact a single cognitive unit.
“The sky is the limit” – says Oren Etzioni, CEO of Allen Institute of
Artificial Intelligence. Everything that human beings have
contemplated starting from space exploration to finding a solution to
the deadly Ebola, could have been more documented and tractable with
the impact of artificial intelligence. AI will document the footprints of
human developments.
AI and robotics will not only improve the way we think or live our lives
but also explores new horizons, whether space or the ocean. As the age-
old saying goes, the need is the mother of all innovations, so it is with
AI also. Humans are getting increasingly better in defining their wants
and quickly transforming this want into reality. Things will happen so
fast that we will not notice the minor changes and will be easily
adaptable to the change it brings to us.
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