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CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE

Ajunan, Robby Q.
Mortifero, Efimer M.
Villasoto, Rae Miguell M.

Kristine D. Gamboa
January 2019
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 2

DEDICATION
To the family of the researchers
To their friends and classmates
Above all to our Lord Jesus Christ
To God be the glory
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 3

The researchers would like to express their deepest gratitude to the people who helped

them to finish this research study:

MA’AM KRISTINE DE LEON GAMBOA, the thesis adviser. The person behind the

success of the researchers. The one who shared ideas and concepts that helped in this study.

MA’AM MHY BUENAVISTA AND MA’AM CHARITO DE VILLA, the past thesis

advisers who also gave their time to help us finish in the study.

To the researchers FRIENDS and CLASSMATES, who gave their support to us.

To the FAMILY, of the researchers who gave their love, support and financial assistance.

And lastly, to the one who made all these things possible, LORD JESUS. This study is

and will always be for His glory.

CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 4

Abstract

The research study is conducted to determine if fermented charcoal and fish gills can

be an organic soil compost. Specifically, this study aims to achieve the following goals:

identify the methods to be followed in making the charcoal and fish gills as organic soil

compost mixture; compare the efficacy of charcoal and fish gills as an organic soil compost

mixture to the commercial fertilizer within the same number of variables, waters, soil, seeds.

The procedures used in this study are the following: First, prepare all the materials.

Second, collect 240g of charcoal and 240g of fish gills. Third, collect 500g of soil and put it

inside a pot. Fourth, chop the fish gills into pieces and pound the charcoal into powder. Fifth,

mix the charcoal and the fish gills with soil in the pot and mix well. Sixth, ferment the

mixture within one (1) week with the continuous water of one (1) tablespoon per day after the

fermentation process, lastly plant the seed (mongo) and water it every day.

The study presents the significant difference of charcoal and fish gills as an organic

soil compost mixture. The mean computed values were, 7.2429 and 6.4 Statistical analysis

shows that there is a significant difference among the commercial fertilizer. The probability

value is 0.37478. It means that the hypothesis stating that “there is no significant difference

on the effectivity of charcoal and fish gills as organic soil compost mixture to commercial

fertilizer” is rejected.
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 5

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………………………… 1
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………….. 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………… 3
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………….. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………….. 5
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………. 6
Background of the Study………………………………………. 7
Statement of the Problem... …………………………..………... 8
Hypothesis…….……………………………………………....... 8
Significance of the Study..………………………………………9
Scope and Limitation……………………………………………9
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research Design…………………………………………………9
Materials…………………………………………………………10
Methods………………………………………………………….10
Risk and Safety…………………………………………………..11
Data Analysis…………………………………………………….11
Statistical Treatment……………………………………………. 12
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Results and Discussion…………………………………………... 13
Conclusion………………………………………………….……. 14
Recommendation………………………………………………… 14
Reference………………………………………………………… 15
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 6

Filipinos love to plant vegetables at their backyard. They use fertilizers for the
healthy development of crops. In the present time, root crops seem to be unproductive and
have a low quality because of the different causes that have big impact on its production that
may result in poor quality crops and unhealthy foods.
Based on the study of the researchers, they found out that usage of fertilizer has

negative effects so that they searched for some ways on how they can produce organic form

of fertilizer. The researchers made use of fish gills and charcoal as a form of compost

mixture.

According to Joshi R. (2015) In the present review, vermicompost is described as an

excellent soil amendment and a biocontrol agent which make it the best organic fertilizer and

eco-friendlier as compared to chemical fertilizers. Vermicompost is ideal organic manure for

better growth and yield of many plants. It can increase production of crops and prevent from

harmful pests without polluting the environment. Application of vermicompost increased

seed germination, stem weight, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf dry weight, root length, root

numbers, total yield, number of fruits/plants, chlorophyll content/ pH of juice, TSS of juice,

micro and macronutrients, carbohydrates (%) and protein (%) content and improve the

quality of fruits and seeds.

According to Battaglia A. and Dietrohetti M. (2003) results showed that paper will

sludge and soil interact to form new absorbing sites. Taking into account absorption results of

head, the retention of which by soil a substantially increased by sludge addition, can highlight
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 7
this modification also, the amount of absorbed cadmium was increased by sludge addition.

There was a problem in terms of agriculture. The usage of chemical base fertilizer has

a huge impact on the root crops. Fertilizer emit dangerous substance that can affect the

quality and nutrients of the crop. In this study the fish gills and charcoal underwent different

experimentation to form as an organic soil compost mixture not just to provide farmers needs

but to give emphasis to the other usage of fish gills and charcoal.
 Background of the Study

The planet today is struggling to plant healthy crops without using chemical-based

fertilizers. The harmful substances are mixed with the nutrients present in the crops. Bad

effects may occur to human or animals that may consume it. The microorganisms that are

present in the soil also suffer. Microorganisms are vital to the composting process according

to Matthew Warsham (2019) there are two main classes of composting microorganisms; the

aerobes and anaerobes according to Planet Natural (2018). Aerobes are the most important

and more efficient composting organism according to the University of Illinois. It consumes

organic waste and excrete chemicals like nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium, which are
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 8
needs of plants in order to survive.

Another global issue that the world is facing right now, is the increasing number of

garbage specially the BIODEGRADABLE which includes, food remains, paper, fruit peels,

vegetables and unused meat sections like bones, in meats and poultry. But fishes, according

to Mosquera (2017) stated that this sector produces large amounts of waste in fish markets

and processing factories. This by products such as gills and excess scales which are used in

making meals. However, there is another valuable use for it. The excess waste can be

fermented or mix with a soil to produce a usable compost that has the quality like chemically

mixed fertilizer, but it has less chemicals content that harms not only the microorganisms

inside the soil, but also the consumer. That’s the reason why the researchers came up with an

idea of mixing this product with another product that will change the peoples’ thought of

fertilization of soil. The researchers idea is to mix the nitrogen rich gills with charcoal that is

rich in carbon that will give a non-chemical treatment which means that the microorganisms

will not be killed but will have phosphorus an nitrogen filled soil that will make the plants
 grow faster and with the help of the carbon from the other ingredient, it will strengthen the

plant because it will kill harmful elements like dirt in water and it will act like a filter not

only at the top layer but in the whole soil, this will also give enough carbon to be supplied to

the growing plant.

Statement of the Problem

The research entitled Charcoal and Fish gills as an Organic Soil Compost Mixture for

Mongo beans (Vigna radiata) was conducted to determine its effectiveness. Specially,

this study aimed to solve the following problems.

1. Identify the methods to be used in making charcoal and fish gills as an organic

compost mixture.
2. Describe the level of effectivity of OSCM in different day.
a. 1st day – 3rd day
b. 4th day – 6th day
c. 7th day – 9th day
d. 10th day – 12th day
3. Compare the effectivity of OSCM to commercialized fertilizer.

Hypothesis

There is a significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height of

plant and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer.

There
CHARCOAL AND FISH is noAS
GILLS significant difference
AN ORGANIC in using
SOIL organicMIXTURE
COMPOST compost mixture in the height of 9
plant and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer.

Significance of the Study

The study would be beneficial primarily to the local people that are living in Liliw.

Using an organic compost mixture in the field of agriculture can lessen their expenses to buy

a high-quality fertilizer for their plants as crops.

 Secondly, the farmers, they can provide their own compost mixture with cheaper

ingredients and easy to find within their area.

Next, the entrepreneurs/ businessmen can speed their work on selling vegetables or

any crops, because supplies can be too much and boost their profits.

Then, the vegetarians, they can eat more now because the number of supplies is high.

Lastly, the future researchers, they can get information in this study that may help

their findings and researches.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study was conducted to develop compost mixture using charcoal and fish gills as

the source, in Brgy. Ilayang Taykin Liliw,Laguna. The period of the study started at January

2019 and will last until September 2019.

Materials and Methods

Research Design

In this study experimental research design is employed. It is used to determine the

efficacy of charcoal and fish gills as an organic compost mixture

CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 10

Materials

The researcher used 240g of charcoal, 240g of fish gills, 10mL of water, and cup to

produce the organic compost mixture.

 Quantity Materials
240 grams Charcoal
240 grams Fish Gills
500 grams Soil

Methods

First, prepare all the materials. Second, collect 240g of charcoal and 240g of fish gills.

Third, collect 500g of soil and put it inside a pot. Fourth, chop the fish gills into pieces and

pound the charcoal into powder. Fifth, mix the charcoal and the fish gills with soil in the pot

and mix well. Sixth, ferment the mixture within one (1) week with the continuous water of

one (1) tablespoon per day after the fermentation process, lastly plant the seed (mongo) and

water it every day.

Risk and Safety

The researchers used charcoal and fish gills that have carbon dioxide and oxygen, so

proper handling of there materials should be followed. Wearing gloves , mask, lab gown, lab

coat is a must for your protection.

CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 11

Data Analysis

Days OSCM Commercial fertilizer

1 0cm 0cm
2 2cm 2cm
3 5.2 cm 3.5cm
4 7cm 7cm
5 9.1cm 8cm
 6 12 cm 11.3cm
7 15.4cm 13cm

CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 12

Statistical Treatment
 The one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to ascertain if prominent differences

occur between the used of organic soil compost mixture and commercial fertilizer.

CHARCOAL AND FISHTable

GILLS1.AS
Shows
AN the mean computed,
ORGANIC over all summary,
SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE and the P value. 13

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Result and Discussion

Presentation of Data

Prepare all the materials needed

Collect fish Gills and Charcoal

Put Charcoal in the mortar and pestle

and pound it

Chop fish gills into small pieces

Gather soil and mix the charcoal and

fish gills

Ferment for one week

 Figure 1. Flow chart of methods in making Charcoal and Fish gills as an Organic Soil

Compost Mixture

CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 14

Conclusion

The following conclusions were drawn based on the findings presented. The

difference between the growth rate of plants with the use of commercial fertilizers and the

organic compost mixture was significant. It is proven that using the organic soil compost

mixture greatly increases the growth rate of plants within a week. Therefore the hypothesis

stating that “there is no significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height

of plant and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer” was rejected

and the hypothesis stating that “there is a significant difference in using organic compost

mixture in the height of plant and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial

fertilizer” was accepted. This study concluded that the organic compost mixture helped the

plant to grow faster within the given period of time.

Recommendation

Based on the foregoing and conclusion of the study, the following were strongly

encouraged by the researchers.

1. The future researchers may try this product on different kind of plant.
2. The future researchers can try different waste materials that can be used as an

organic compost mixture.

3. The future researchers can think of another uses of the given waste materials.
CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE 15

References

Ogunte, Philip and Fosu, Matthias (2004) Biology and Fertility of soils, Volume 39, page

295-299

Lehman, Johannes and Pereira, Jose (2003) Plat and Soil, page 137-159

Joshi, Rakesh and Singh, Jaswinder (2015) Reviews in Environmental Science and

Bio/Technology, Volume 33, page 161-172

Tuitert, Gerrie, Szczech, Magdalena and Bollen, Gerrit (2007)

https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.8.764

Mosquera, Maria Elvira and Fernandez, Emilio (2011) Procedia

Environmental Science, Volume 9, page 113-117

Appendices

Mongo Beans Charcoal Fish Gills

Fermented Soil Soil Chop fish gills

Organic Soil Compost Mixture