ANATOMI

SISTEM DIGESTIVUS

1
SISTEM DIGESTIVUS

• CAVITAS ORIS
• PHARYNX dan
OESOPHAGUS
• CAVUM ABDOMINIS
• VISCERA
ABDOMINIS

2
 CAVITAS ORIS
• Cranial : tepi inferior
hidung
• Lateral : plica nasolabialis
• Caudal : mentum <dagu >

3
 STRUKTUR
• RIMA ORIS dibatasi oleh :
Labium superius
Labium inferius
Labium dibentuk oleh kulit – mucosa –
m.orbicularis oris

4
5
 PALATUM
• Merupakan Atap Cavitas oris, dan lantai
Cavitas nasi
• PALATUM DURUM = 2/3 bag.anterior
• PALATUM MOLLE = 1/3 bag.posterior
PALATUM DURUM : proc.palatinus
maxillae + pars horizontalis ossis palatini
Batas antero-lateral : proc.alveolaris

6
• PALATUM melekat pada Basis cranii
• Tepi posterior, di linea mediana
terdapat UVULA

7
 LINGUA
• ORGAN MUSCULAR
• FUNGSI :
GUSTATORIS
MASTIKASI
DEGLUTITIO
PHONASI

8
 MORFOLOGI
• 2/3 bag.anterior = PARS ORALIS
=CORPUS LINGUAE
• 1/3 bag.posterior = PARS
PHARYNGEALIS = RADIX LINGUAE
• Facies dorsalis kasar
PAPILLA <TASTE BUDS>

9
10
 GLANDULA SALIVATORIUS
• Glandula submandibularis
• Glandula sublingualis
• Glandula parotis

11
GLD.PAROTIS

• Lokalisasi : ramus
mandibulae –
proc.mastoideus –
proc.styloideus

12
 Mumps

Swollen, painful salivary glands on one or both sides of the

face
Fever and sometimes orchitis, pancreatitis etc.
About 1/3 of infected people do not show symptoms

Effective vaccine since 1967 13

• GLD.SUBMANDIBULARIS
 Pars superficialis
 Pars profundus

14
• GLD.SUBLINGUALIS : kecil , berada pd
lantai cavitas oris, membentuk plica
sublingualis

15
OESOPHAGUS
• Suatu tabung fibro-muscular
• Merupakan kelanjutan dari pharynx
• Terletak di posterior trachea
• Bermuara kedalam gaster

16
 The Esophagus
• Structure
– Pharynx to Stomach
– Passes through diaphragm at
esophageal hiatus
– Lies anterior to vertebral
column and posterior to trachea
– Smooth muscle tube
• Function
– Swallowing = voluntary (in
pharynx)
– Peristalsis = involuntary (in
esophagus)

17
DINDING ABDOMEN

18
 Surface Anatomy - Landmarks
• Abdominal Wall
– Umbilicus
– Linea Alba
• White line
• Tendinous
• Xiphoid process
to pubic
symphysis
– Linea Semilunaris
19
 Processus
Xiphoideus

Costal margin

Linea alba
Linea
semilunaris

SIAS

20
Abdominal Quadrants

• Vertical – midline
• Horizontal –
umbilicus
• Right and left upper
and lower quadrants
• Used clinically

Pg. 612 21
OTOT-OTOT DINDING
VENTRAL ABDOMEN

22
 Otot Anterolateral Abdomen
• M. OBLIQUUS EXTERNUS ABDOMINIS
• M.OBLIQUUS INTERNUS ABDOMINIS
• M. TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
• M. RECTUS ABDOMINIS
• M. PYRAMIDALIS

23
 24
http://faculty.ncarts.edu/generalstudies/pounds/anatomyphysiology/AbdBonz.jpg
 25
http://faculty.ncarts.edu/generalstudies/pounds/anatomyphysiology/AbdLatM.jpg
 CAVUM
ABDOMINOPELVICUM

26
 Pg. 12

Abdominopelvic Cavity

• Largest ventral cavity

– Abdominal cavity
– Pelvic cavity
– Continuous – no structural
division between the
abdominal and pelvic
cavities
27
Abdominopelvic Cavity
• Abdominal Cavity
– Liver, spleen,
kidneys, pancreas,
etc.
• Pelvic Cavity
– Bladder, rectum,
reproductive
organs

Pg. 12 28
PERITONEUM

29
 PERITONEUM
PERITONEUM PARIETALE
PERITONEUM VISCERALE
CAVUM PERITONEI
Peralihan peritoneum parietale menjadi
peritoneum viscerale (REFLEXI
PERITONEUM) dapat berupa lipatan
(plica), alat penggantung viscera atau
Omentum
30
VISCERA ABDOMINIS

31
Viscera Abdominis

32
 GASTER (=Ventriculus)
• Bentuk “J”, terdiri dari
fundus,corpus, cardia
& pylorus
• Pylorus : sphincter
pyloricum, antrum,
orificium
• Incisura angularis
• Curvatura major &
Curvatura minor
• Omentum majus &
omentum minus 33
• Dibungkus peritoneum
viscerale
• Difiksasi oleh lig.
Gastrophrenicum, lig.
Gastrolienale, omentum
minus dan majus

34
 INTESTINUM TENUE

• DUODENUM
• JEJENUM
• ILEUM

35
 DUODENUM
• Btk huruf “C”
• Terdiri dari:

 Pars superior duodeni

 Pars descendens duodeni

 Pars horizontalis duodeni
 Pars ascendens

• Tempat bermuara ductus

choledochus & ductus
pancreaticus

36
• JEJENUM &
ILEUM
Berkelok-kelok,
5-8 m, difiksasi
oleh
mesenterium
pada radix
mesenterii

37
 INTESTINUM CRASSUM
• CAECUM : Valvula ileocolica,Processus
vermiformis
• COLON  Colon ascendens
 Colon transversum
 Colon descendens
 Colon sigmoideum
• RECTUM :pars ampularis, pars analis,
plexus venosus haemorrhoidalis
38
 Bagian-bagian Colon

• Taenia coli : dibtk oleh

serabut otot longitudinal
(3 buah)
• Haustra
• Incisura
• Appendices epiploicae :
berisi jaringan lemak

39
 Rectum and Anal Canal
• Rectum
– No teniae coli
– Longitudinal muscle layer complete –
strong contractions
– Rectal valves
• Anal Canal
– Passes through levator ani muscle
– Anal sinuses release mucus
– Internal anal sphincter
• involuntary, smooth muscle
– External anal sphincter
• voluntary, skeletal muscle
40
http://medicine.iupui.edu/ercp/digestive_system_anatomy.asp
HEPAR

41
 MORFOLOGI
•Incisura umbilicalis
•Ligamentum falciforme hepatis
•Fossa sagittalis sinistra

membagi

•LOBUS HEPATIS DEXTER

•LOBUS HEPATIS SINISTER

42
43
44
45
 Ductus venosus

v.umbilicalis

46
 PORTA HEPATIS
• Vena portae
• Ductus cysticus, ductus hepaticus dan
ductus choledochus
• A. hepatica propria dextra dan a. hepatica
sinistra
• Nervus dan pembuluh lymphe

47
PANCREAS & LIEN

48
 PANCREAS
• Kelenjar exocrine & endocrine
• Caput, corpus dan cauda pancreatic
• Terletak pada bagian konkaf duodenum
• Antara caput dan corpus terdapat collum
pancreatis
• RETROPERITONEAL

49
50
51
 LIEN (=SPLEEN)
• INTRAPERITONEAL
• HILUS LIENALIS

52
53
VASA ABDOMINIS

54
•AORTA ABDOMINALIS
•A. COELIACA
•A. MESENTERICA SUPERIOR
•A. MESENTERICA INFERIOR

•V. CAVA INFERIOR

•V. PORTA
•V. MESENTERICA SUPERIOR
•V. MESENTERICA INFERIOR

55
AORTA ABDOMINALIS
CABANG PARIETALIS:
•A. PHRENICA INFERIOR (2)
•A. LUMBALIS (4-5 pasang)
•A. ILIACA COMMUNIS (2)
•A. SACRALIS MEDIA

CABANG VISCERALIS:
•A.SUPRARENALIS MEDIA (2)
•A. RENALIS (2)
•A.TESTICULARIS (2)
•A COELIACA
•A. MESENTERICA SUPERIOR
•A. MESENTERICA INFERIOR 56
VENA CAVA INFERIOR

• VV.LUMBALES
• V. PHRENICA INFERIOR
• V. HEPATICA
• V. RENALIS
• V. SUPRARENALIS
• V. SPERMATICA (INTERNA)
DEXTRA

57
VENA PORTA
•Di ventral v.cava inferior
•Berjalan di dlm
lig.hepatoduodenale, di
dorsal a.hepatica dan
ductus hepaticus
•Dibentuk oleh
V.MESENTERICA
SUPERIOR, V.
MESENTERICA
INFERIOR dan V.
LIENALIS

58
SEKIAN

59