PROBLEM 6.

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:

ΣM A = 0: (14 ft ) Cx − ( 7.5 ft )( 5.6 kips ) = 0 C x = 3 kips

ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Cx = 0 A x = 3 kips

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 5.6 kips = 0 A y = 5.6 kips

Joint FBDs:
Joint C:
FBC F 3 kips
= AC =
5 4 3

FBC = 5.00 kips C W

FAC = 4.00 kips T W

Joint A:
FAB 1.6 kips
=
8.5 4

FAB = 3.40 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.3

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of

the truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or
compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:

ΣM B = 0: ( 6 ft )( 6 kips ) − ( 9 ft ) C y = 0 C y = 4 kips

ΣFy = 0: By − 6 kips − C y = 0 B y = 10 kips

ΣFx = 0: C x = 0

Joint FBDs:
Joint C: FAC F 4 kips
= BC =
17 15 8

FAC = 8.50 kips T W

FBC = 7.50 kips C W

Joint B:

By inspection: FAB = 12.50 kips C W

FAB 10 kips
=
5 4
 PROBLEM 6.4

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM B = 0: (1.5 m ) C y + ( 2 m )(1.8 kN ) − 3.6 m ( 2.4 kN ) = 0

C y = 3.36 kN

ΣFy = 0: By + 3.36 kN − 2.4 kN = 0

B y = 0.96 kN

Joint FBDs:
2
Joint D: ΣFy = 0: FAD − 2.4 kN = 0 FAD = 3.48 kN T W
2.9

2.1
ΣFx = 0: FCD − FAD = 0
2.9

2.1
FCD = (3.48 kN) FCD = 2.52 kN C W
2.9
Joint C:

By inspection: FAC = 3.36 kN C W

FBC = 2.52 kN C W

Joint B:

4
ΣFy = 0: FAB − 0.9 kN = 0 FAB = 1.200 kN T W
5
 PROBLEM 6.5

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0 : C x = 0

By symmetry: C y = D y = 6 kN

Joint FBDs: 1
ΣFy = 0: − 3 kN + FAB = 0
Joint B: 5

FAB = 3 5 = 6.71 kN T W

2
ΣFx = 0: FAB − FBC = 0 FBC = 6.00 kN C W
5
Joint C:

3
ΣFy = 0: 6 kN − FAC = 0 FAC = 10.00 kN C W
5

4
ΣFx = 0: 6 kN − FAC + FCD = 0 FCD = 2.00 kN T W
5
Joint A:

 1  3 
ΣFy = 0: − 2  3 5 kN  + 2  10 kN  − 6 kN = 0 check
 5   5 

By symmetry: FAE = FAB = 6.71 kN T W

FAD = FAC = 10.00 kN C W

FDE = FBC = 6.00 kN C W

 PROBLEM 6.6

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM A = 0: ( 25.5 ft ) C y + ( 6 ft )( 3 kips ) − ( 8 ft )( 9.9 kips ) = 0

C y = 2.4 kips

ΣFy = 0: Ay + 2.4 kips − 9.9 kips = 0

A y = 7.4 kips

ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 3 kips = 0

A x = 3 kips

2.4 kips F F
Joint FBDs: = CD = BC
12 18.5 18.5
Joint C:
FCD = 3.70 kips T W

FBC = 3.70 kips C W

6
or: ΣFx = 0: FBC = FCD ΣFy = 0: 2.4 kips − 2 FBC = 0
18.5

same answers

Joint D:
17.5 4
ΣFx = 0: 3 kips + ( 3.70 kips ) − FAD = 0
18.5 5

FAD = 8.125 kips FAD = 8.13 kips T W

6 3
ΣFy = 0: ( 3.7 kips ) + (8.125 kips ) − FBD = 0
18.5 5

FBD = 6.075 kips FBD = 6.08 kips C W

 PROBLEM 6.6 CONTINUED

4 4
Joint A: ΣFx = 0: −3 kips + (8.125 kips ) − FAB = 0
5 5

FAB = 4.375 kips FAB = 4.38 kips C W

 PROBLEM 6.7

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 480 N = 0 A y = 480 N

ΣM A = 0: ( 6 m ) Dx = 0 Dx = 0

ΣFx = 0: − Ax = 0 Ax = 0

Joint FBDs:
Joint A:
480 N F F
= AB = AC FAB = 200 N C W
6 2.5 6.5

FAC = 520 N T W

Joint B: 200 N F F
= BE = BC FBE = 480 N C W
2.5 6 6.5

FBC = 520 N T W
 PROBLEM 6.7 CONTINUED

Joint C:
By inspection: FCD = FCE = 520 N T W

2.5
ΣFx = 0: ( 520 N ) − FDE = 0 FDE = 200 N C W
6.5
Joint D:
 PROBLEM 6.8

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each member of the
truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

ΣM E = 0: ( 9 ft ) Fy − ( 6.75 ft )( 4 kips ) − (13.5 ft )( 4 kips ) = 0

FBD Truss:
Fy = 9 kips

ΣFy = 0: − E y + 9 kips = 0 E y = 9 kips

ΣFx = 0: − Ex + 4 kips + 4 kips = 0 E x = 8 kips

By inspection of joint E: FEC = 9.00 kips T W

FEF = 8.00 kips T W

By inspection of joint B: FAB = 0 W

Joint FBDs: FBD = 0 W

Joint F:
4
ΣFx = 0: FCF − 8 kips = 0 FCF = 10.00 kips C W
5

3
ΣFy = 0: FDF − (10 kips) = 0 FDF = 6.00 kips T W
5

Joint C:
4
ΣFx = 0: 4 kips − (10 kips ) + FCD = 0
5

FCD = 4.00 kips T W

3
ΣFy = 0: FAC − 9 kips + (10 kips ) = 0
5

FAC = 3.00 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.8 CONTINUED

4
ΣFx = 0: 4 kips − FAD = 0 FAD = 5.00 kips C W
Joint A: 5
 PROBLEM 6.9

Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: H x = 0

By symmetry: A = H y = 12 kN

By inspection of joints C and G, FCE = FAC and FBC = 0 W

FEG = FGH and FFG = 0 W

3
Joint A: ΣFy = 0: 12 kN − 3 kN − FAB = 0 FAB = 15.00 kN C W
5

4
ΣFx = 0: FAC − (15 kN ) = 0 FAC = 12.00 kN T W
5

4 10 4
Joint B:
ΣFx = 0: (15 kN ) − FBD − FBE = 0
5 10.44 5

3 3 3
ΣFy = 0: (15 kN ) − 6 kN − FBD + FBE = 0
5 10.44 5

Solving yields FBD = 11.93 kN C W

FBE = 0.714 kN C W

ΣFx = 0: by symmetry FDF = 11.93 kN C W

Joint D:
3
ΣFy = 0: − FDE − 6 kN + 2 (11.93 kN ) = 0
10.44

FDE = 0.856 kN T W

By symmetry: FEF = FBE so FEF = 0.714 kN C W

FFH = FAB FFH = 15.00 kN C W

FGH = FAC FGH = 12.00 kN T W

From above FCE = FAC FCE = 12.00 kN T W

FEG = FGH FEG = 12.00 kN T W

 PROBLEM 6.10

Determine the force in each member of the Howe roof truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

By symmetry: A y = H y = 12 kN
and FFH = FAB ; FGH = FAC ; FFG = FBC
FDF = FBD ; FEF = FBE ; FEG = FCE

9 kN F F
Joint FBDs: = AC = AB
3 4 5
FAC = 12.00 kN T W

FAB = 15.00 kN C W

so FFH = 15.00 kN C W

By inspection: FGH = 12.00 kN T W

FBC = 0; FCE = 12 kN FBC = 0 = FFG W

Joint C:
FCE = 12.00 kN T W

FEG = 12.00 kN T W

4
Note: α = tan −1 so sin α = 0.8
3
3
Joint B: β = 2 tan −1 so sin β = 0.96
4
ΣFy 1 = 0: − 6 kN sin α + FBE sin β = 0

FBE = 5.00 kN C W

so FEF = 5.00 kN C W

3 3 3
ΣFy = 0: − 6 kN − FBD + FBE + (15 kN ) = 0
5 5 5
 PROBLEM 6.10 CONTINUED

Joint D:
3 3 3
FBD = ( 5 kN ) + (15 kN ) − 6 kN FBD = 10.00 kN C W
5 5 5
so FDF = 10.00 kN C W

3 
ΣFy = 0: −6 kN + 2  10 kN  − FDE = 0 FDE = 6.00 kN T W
 5 
 PROBLEM 6.11

Determine the force in each member of the Fink roof truss shown. State
whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0 : A x = 0

By symmetry: A y = G y = 24 kips

FFG = FAB ; FEG = FAC ; FEF = FBC

also;
FDF = FBD ; FDE = FCD

18 kips F F
Joint FBDs: = AC = AB ; FAC = 40.5 kips T W
4 9 97
Joint A:
FAB = 44.32 kips FAB = 44.3 kips C W

so FFG = 44.3 kips C W

FEG = 40.5 kips T W

9 3
Joint B: ΣFx = 0: ( 44.32 kips − FBD ) − FBC = 0
97 5

4 4
ΣFy = 0: ( 44.32 kips − FBD ) + FBC − 12 = 0
97 5

Solving: FBC = 11.25 kips C W

FBD = 36.9 kips C W

so FEF = 11.25 kips C W

FDF = 36.9 kips C W

 PROBLEM 6.11 CONTINUED

4 4
ΣFy = 0: (11.25 kips ) − FCD = 0 FCD = 11.25 kips T W
5 5

Joint C: FDE = 11.25 kips T W

3 
ΣFx = 0: FCE + 2  (11.25 kips )  − 40.5 kips = 0
5 

FCE = 27.0 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.12

Determine the force in each member of the fan roof truss shown. State
whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0 : Ax = 0

By symmetry: A y = I y = 12 kN

and FAB = FHI ; FAC = FGI ; FBC = FGH

FBD = FFH ; FDC = FFG ; FDE = FEF
FCE = FEG

Joint FBDs:
Joint A: 10 kN F F
= AC = AB FAC = 22.5 kN T W
4 9 97
so FGI = 22.5 kN T W

FAB = 2.5 97 kN FAB = 24.6 kN C W

so FHI = 24.6 kN C W
Joint B: 9
ΣFx = 0: 22.5 kN − ( FBD + FBC ) = 0
97
4
ΣFy = 0: 10 kN − 4 kN + ( FBC − FBD ) = 0
97
Solving: FBD = 19.70 kN C W

so FFH = 19.70 kN C W

and FBC = 4.92 kN C W

Joint D: so FGH = 4.92 kN C W

By inspection: FDE = 19.70 kN C W

so FEF = 19.70 kN C W

and FCD = 4.00 kN C W

so FFG = 4.00 kN C W
 PROBLEM 6.12 CONTINUED

9 3
Joint C: ΣFx = 0: − 22.5 kN + ( 4.92 kN ) + FCE + FCG = 0
97 5
4 4
ΣFy = 0: − 4 kN − ( 4.92 kN ) + FCE = 0
97 5
Solving: FCE = 7.50 kN T W
so FEG = 7.50 kN T W
and FCG = 13.50 kN T W
 PROBLEM 6.13

Determine the force in each member of the roof truss shown. State
whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:

ΣM A = 0: (16 ft ) H y − (16 ft )( 200 lb ) − (12 ft )( 300 lb ) − ( 8 ft )( 400 lb ) − ( 4 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0

H y = 725 lb

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 200 lb − 400 lb − 400 lb − 300 lb − 200 lb + 725 lb = 0

A y = 775 lb

ΣFx = 0 : Ax = 0
Joint FBDs:
Joint A:

575 lb F F
= AC = AB
1 26 29
FAB = 3096.5 lb; FAB = 3.10 kips C W

FAC = 2931.9 lb; FAC = 2.93 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.13 CONTINUED

Joint C:

By inspection: FBC = 0 W

FCE = 2.93 kips T W

Joint B:

2 2
ΣFy = 0: ( 3097 lb ) − 400 lb − FBD = 0 FBD = 2020.0 lb; FBD = 2.02 kips C W
29 29
5
ΣFx = 0: ( 3097 − 2020 ) lb − FBE = 0 FBE = 1000.0 lb; FBE = 1.000 kip C W
29

Joint D:

5
ΣFx = 0: ( 2.02 kips − FDF ) = 0 FDF = 2.02 kips C W
29
2
ΣFy = 0: FDE + 2 ( 2.02 kips ) − 0.4 kips = 0 FDE = 1.100 kips C W
29
Joint H:

525 lb F F
= FH = GH FFH = 2827 lb; FFH = 2.83 kips C W
1 29 26
FGH = 2677 lb; FGH = 2.68 kips T W
Joint G:

By inspection: FEG = 2.68 kips T W

FFG = 0 W
 PROBLEM 6.13 CONTINUED

Joint F:

2
ΣFy = 0: ( 2.83 kips − FDF ) − 0.3 kips = 0 FDF = 2.02 kips
29

5
ΣFx = 0: FEF + ( 2.02 kips − 2.827 kips ) = 0 FEF = 0.750 kips C W
29
 PROBLEM 6.14

Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof truss

shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0 Ax = 0

By symmetry: A y = J y = 5 kN

FAB = FHJ ; FAC = FIJ ; FBD = FGH

and FCD = FGI ; FDE = FEG ; FDF = FFG
FBC = FHI

By inspection of joint F: FEF = 0 W

Joint FBDs: 8 89
ΣFy = 0: 5 kN − 1 kN − FAB = 0 FAB = kN
Joint A: 89 2
FAB = 4.72 kN C W

5 89
ΣFx = 0: FAC − kN = 0
89 2
FAC = 2.50 kN T W

so FHJ = 4.72 kN C W
Joint B: FIJ = 2.50 kN T W

5  89 
ΣFx = 0:  kN − FBD − FBC  = 0
89  2 


8  89 
ΣFy = 0:  kN − FBD + FBC  − 1 kN = 0
89  2 

Solving: FBD = 4.127 kN so FBD = 4.13 kN C W

FAB = 0.5896 kN and FBC = 0.590 kN C W

so FGH = 4.13 kN C W

and FHI = 0.590 kN C W

 PROBLEM 6.14 CONTINUED
Joint C:
5
ΣFx = 0: FCI + (.59 kN ) − 2.5 kN = 0; FCI = 2.187 kN
89
FCI = 2.19 kN T W

8
ΣFy = 0: FCD − (.59 kN ) = 0 FCD = 0.500 kN T W
89
so FGI = 0.500 kN T W

8 5
ΣFy = 0: ( 4.127 kN ) − 2.5 kN − FDE = 0
89 281
FDE = 3.352 kN
Joint D: so FDE = 3.35 kN C W

and FEG = 3.35 kN C W

5 16
ΣFx = ( 4.127 kN ) − ( 3.352 kN ) + FDF = 0
89 281
FDF = 1.012 kN T W

FFG = 1.012 kN T W
 PROBLEM 6.15

Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

By symmetry: A y = H y = 9 kN

and FAB = FFH ; FAC = FGH

FBC = FFG ; FBD = FDF
FBE = FEF ; FCE = FEG

By inspection of joint D: FDE = 0 W

FBDs Joints: 4
ΣFy = 0: 9 kN − FAB = 0 FAB = 11.25 kN C W
5
3
ΣFx = 0: FAC − FAB = 0 FAC = 6.75 kN T W
5

ΣFx = 0: FCE − 6.75 kN = 0 FCE = 6.75 kN T W

ΣFy = 0: FBC − 6 kN = 0 FBC = 6.00 kN T W

4 4
ΣFy = 0: (11.25 kN ) − 6 kN + FBE = 0
5 5
FBE = 3.75 kN C W

3 3
ΣFx = 0: FBD − (11.25 kN ) − ( 3.75 kN ) = 0
5 5
FBD = 9.00 kN T W

From symmetry conditions above FFH = 11.25 kN C W

FGH = 6.75 kN T W

FEG = 6.75 kN T W

FFG = 6.00 kN T W

FEF = 3.75 kN C W

FDF = 9.00 kN T W
 PROBLEM 6.16

Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression. Assume
that the load at G has been removed.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

ΣM A = 0: (12 m ) H y − ( 6 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 3 m )( 6 kN ) = 0

H y = 4.5 kN

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 6 kN − 6 kN + 4.5 kN = 0

A y = 7.5 kN

4.5 kN F F
Joint FBDs: = GH = FH
4 3 5
Joint H:
FGH = 3.375 kN FGH = 3.38 kN T W

FFH = 5.625 kN FFH = 5.63 kN C W

By inspection of joint G: FFG = 0 W

FEG = FGH = 3.38 kN T W

Joint F:
5.625 kN F F
= EF = DF FEF = 5.63 kN T W
5 5 6
FDF = 6.75 kN C W

By inspection of joint D : FDE = 0 W

FBD = FDF = 6.75 kN C W

Joint B:
By inspection of joint C: FAC = FCE and FBC = 6.00 kN T W

3
ΣFx = 0: ( FAB + FBE ) − 6.75 kN = 0
5
4
ΣFy = 0: ( FAB − FBE ) − 6 kN = 0
5
4
ΣFy = 0: ( FAB − FBE ) − 6 kN = 0
5
 PROBLEM 6.16 CONTINUED

Solving: FAB = 9.375 kN so FAB = 9.38 kN C W

Joint A: FBE = 1.875 kN FBE = 1.875 kN T W

FAC 7.5 kN 9.375 kN

= = FAC = 5.625 kN
3 4 5
FAC = 5.63 kN T W

From above FCE = 5.63 kN T W

 PROBLEM 6.17

Determine the force in member DE and in each of the members

located to the left of DE for the inverted Howe roof truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

By load symmetry A y = H y = 2400 lb

10.08
Note: θ = tan −1 = 16.26°
15.81 + 18.75
β = 90 − 2θ = 57.48°; α = 180 − β = 32.52°

Joint FBDs: ΣFy′ = 0: ( 2400 lb − 600 lb ) cosθ − FAC sin θ = 0

Joint A:
FAC =
(1800 lb ) = 6171.5 lb; FAC = 6.17 kips T W
tan16.26°

ΣFx = 0: (6171.5 lb) cos 2θ − FAB cosθ = 0

cos 32.52°
FAB = 6171.5 = 5420.7 lb; FAB = 5.42 kips C W
cos16.26°

Joint B:
ΣFx′ = 0: 5420.7 lb + (1200 lb ) sin θ − FBD = 0

FBD = 5420.7 + 1200sin16.26° = 5756.7 lb FBD = 5.76 kips C W

ΣFy′ = 0: FBC − (1200 lb ) cos θ = 0 FBC = 1152 lb

Joint C:
FBC = 1.152 kips C W

ΣFy′′ = 0: FCD sin 2θ − (1152 lb ) cosθ = 0

cos16.26°
FCD = 1152 = 2057.2 lb FCD = 2.06 kips T W
sin 32.52°
ΣFx′′ = 0: FCE + (1152 lb ) sin θ + ( 2057.2 lb ) cos 2θ − 6171.5 lb = 0
 PROBLEM 6.17 CONTINUED

FCE = 6171.5 − 1152sin16.26° − 2057.2cos 32.52°

= 4114.3 lb FCE = 4.11 kips T W

Joint E: ΣFy = 0: ( 4114.3 lb ) sin 2θ − FDE cosθ = 0

sin 32.52°
FDE = 4114.3 = 2304.0 lb FDE = 2.30 kips C W
cos16.26°
 PROBLEM 6.18

Determine the force in each of the members located to the right of

DE for the inverted Howe roof truss shown. State whether each
member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

By symmetry of loads A y = H y = 2400 lb

10.08
Note: θ = tan −1 = 16.26°
15.81 + 18.75

β = 90 − 2θ = 57.48°

Joint FBDs:
Joint H: ΣFy = 0: 2400 lb − 600 lb − FFH sin θ = 0

1800 lb
FFH = = 6428.7 lb FFH = 6.43 kips C W
sin16.26°

ΣFx = 0: ( 6428.7 lb ) cosθ − FGH = 0

FGH = 6428.7 cos16.32° = 6171.5 lb FGH = 6.17 kips T W

Joint F:
ΣFy′ = 0: FFG − (1200 lb ) cosθ = 0 FFG = 1152.0 lb

FFG = 1.152 kips C W

ΣFx′ = 0: FDF + (1200 lb ) sin θ − 6428.7 lb = 0

FDF = 6428.7 − 1200sin16.26° = 6092.7 lb FDF = 6.09 kips C W

 PROBLEM 6.18 CONTINUED

Joint G: ΣFy = 0: FDG sin 2θ − (1152 lb) cosθ = 0

cos16.26°
FDG = 1152 = 2057.2 lb FDG = 2.06 kips T W
sin 32.52°

ΣFx = 0: 6171.5 lb − 2057.2cos 2θ − FEG − 1152 lb sin θ = 0

FEG = 6171.5 − 2057.2cos 32.52° − (1152lb ) sin 16.26° = 4114.3 lb

FEG = 4.11 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.19

Determine the force in each of the members located to the left of

member FG for the scissor roof truss shown. State whether each
member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM A = 0: ( 6 ft ) 6 Ly − 3 (.5 kip ) − 2 (1 kip ) − 1(1 kip )  = 0

L y = 0.75 kip

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 0.5 kip − 1 kip − 1 kip − 0.5 kip + 0.75 kip = 0

A y = 2.25 kips

ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

Joint FBDs: 1.75 kips F F

= AC = AB FAB = 4.95 kips C W
1 5 8
Joint A:
FAC = 3.913 kips FAC = 3.91 kips T W

By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

and FCE = FAC so FCE = 3.91 kips T W

Joint B: 4.95 kips F

ΣFy = 0: − 1 kip − BD = 0
2 2
FBD = 3.536 kips FBD = 3.54 kips C W

1
ΣFx = 0: ( 4.95 kips − 3.536 kips ) − FBE = 0
2
FBE = 1.000 kip FBE = 1.000 kip C W

[ FEG − 3.913 kips] + 1 kip = 0

2
Joint E: ΣFx = 0:
5
FEG = 2.795 kips FEG = 2.80 kips T W

1
ΣFy = 0: ( 2.795 kips − 3.913 kips ) + FDE = 0
5
FDE = 0.500 kip T W
 PROBLEM 6.19 CONTINUED
Joint D: 1 2
ΣFx = 0: ( 3.536 kips ) − ( FDF + FDG ) = 0
2 5
1 1
ΣFy = 0: ( 3.536 kips ) − 1.5 kips + ( FDG − FDF ) = 0
2 5
Solving: FDF = 2.516 kips so FDF = 2.52 kips C W
FDG = 0.280 kip FDG = 0.280 kip C W
 PROBLEM 6.20

Determine the force in member FG and in each of the members

located to the right of member FG for the scissor roof truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

ΣM A = 0: ( 6 ft )  6Ly − 3 ( 0.5 kip ) − 2 (1 kip ) − 1(1 kip )  = 0

FBD Truss:
L y = 0.75 kip

Inspection of joints K , J , and I , in order, shows that FJK = 0 W

FIJ = 0 W

FHI = 0 W

and that FIK = FKL ; FHJ = FJL and FGI = FIK

0.75 F F
Joint FBDs: = JL = KL FJL = 2.1213 kips FJL = 2.12 kips C W
1 8 5

FKL = 1.6771 kips FKL = 1.677 kips T W

and, from above: FHJ = 2.12 kips C W

FGI = FIK = 1.677 kips T W

2 1
ΣFx = 0: ( FFH + FGH ) − ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0
5 2

1 1
ΣFy = 0: ( FGH + FFH ) + ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0
5 2

Solving: FFH = 2.516 kips FFH = 2.52 kips C W

FGH = − 0.8383 kips FGH = 0.838 kips T W

PROBLEM 6.20 CONTINUED

2
ΣFx = 0: ( FDF − 2.516 kips ) = 0 FDF = 2.52 kips C
5

1
ΣFy = 0: FFG − 0.5 kip + ( 2 )( 2.516 kips ) = 0
5

FFG = 1.750 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.21

The portion of truss shown represents the upper part of a power

transmission line tower. For the given loading, determine the force in
each of the members located above HJ. State whether each member is
in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

Joint FBDs: FDF F 1.5 kN

= EF =
2.29 2.29 1.2
FDF = FEF = 2.8625 kN FDF = 2.86 kN T W

FEF = 2.86 kN C W

FBD F 2.8625 kN
= DE = = 1.25 kN
2.21 0.6 2.29
FBD = 2.7625 kN FBD = 2.76 kN T W

FDE = 0.750 kN C W

By symmetry of joint A vs. joint F FAB = 2.86 kN T W

FAC = 2.86 kN T W

2.21 4
ΣFx = 0: 2.7625 kN − ( 2.8625 kN ) + FBE = 0
2.29 5
FBE = 0 W

0.6
ΣFy = 0: FBC − ( 2.8625 kN ) = 0;
2.29
FBC = 0.750 kN C W

2.21
ΣFx = 0: ( 2.8625 kN ) − FCE = 0 FCE = 2.7625 kN
2.29
FCE = 2.76 kN C W

0.6
ΣFy = 0: FCH − 0.75 kN − ( 2.8625 kN ) = 0
2.21
FCH = 1.500 kN C W
PROBLEM 6.21 CONTINUED

2.21 4
ΣFx = 0: 2.7625 kN − ( 2.8625 kN ) − FHE = 0
2.29 5
FHE = 0 W

0.6
ΣFy = 0: FEJ − 0.75 kN − ( 2.8625 kN ) = 0
2.29
FEJ = 1.500 kN W
 PROBLEM 6.22

For the tower and loading of Prob. 6.21 and knowing that
FCH = FEJ = 1.5 kN C and FEH = 0 , determine the force in member
HJ and in each of the members located between HJ and NO. State
whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

1.5 kN F F
= JL = KL
1.2 3.03 3.03
Joint FBDs: FJL = FKL = 3.7875 kN FJL = 3.79 kN T W

FKL = 3.79 kN C W

By symmetry: FGH = 3.79 kN T W

FGI = 3.79 kN C W

2.97
ΣFx = 0: ( 3.7875 kN ) − FHJ = 0
3.03

FHJ = 3.7125 kN FHJ = 3.71 kN T W

0.6
ΣFy = 0: FJK − ( 3.7875 kN ) − 1.5 kN = 0
3.03

FJK = 2.25 kN C W

Knowing FHE = 0; by symmetry FHK = 0 W

FHI = 2.25 kN C W

2.97
ΣFx = 0: ( 3.7875 kN ) − FIK = 0 FIK = 3.7125
3.03

FIK = 3.71 kN C W

0.6
ΣFy = 0: FIN − 2.25 kN − ( 3.7875 kN ) = 0
3.03

FIN = 3.00 kN C W

Knowing that FHK = 0, by symmetry FKO = 3.00 kN C W

FKN = 0 W
 PROBLEM 6.23

Determine the force in each member of the truss shown. State whether
each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM F = 0: (10 m ) G y − ( 7.5 m )( 80 kN ) − ( 8 m )( 30 kN ) = 0

G y = 84 kN

ΣFx = 0: − Fx + 30 kN = 0 Fx = 30 kN

ΣFy = 0: Fy + 84 kN − 80 kN = 0 Fy = 4 kN

By inspection of joint G: FEG = 0 W

FCG = 84 kN C W

84 kN F F
= CE = AC = 10.5 kN FCE = 82.0 kN T W
8 61 29
Joint FBDs:
FAC = 56.5 kN C W

2 6
ΣFy = 0: FAE + (82.0 kN ) − 80 kN = 0
5 61

FAE = 19.01312 FAE = 19.01 kN T W

1 5
ΣFx = 0: − FDE − (19.013 kN ) + (82.0 kN ) = 0
5 61

FDE = 43.99 kN FDE = 44.0 kN T W

1
ΣFx = 0: FDF − 30 kN = 0
5

FDF = 67.082 kN FDF = 67.1 kN T W

PROBLEM 6.23 CONTINUED

2
ΣFy = 0: ( 67.082 kN ) − FBF − 4 kN = 0
5

FBF = 56.00 kN FBF = 56.0 kN C W

5 5
ΣFx = 0: 30 kN + FBD − FAB = 0
61 29

6 3
ΣFy = 0: 56 kN − FBD − FAB = 0
61 29

Solving: FBD = 42.956 kN FBD = 43.0 kN T W

FAB = 61.929 kN FAB = 61.9 kN C W

6 2
ΣFy = 0: ( 42.956 N ) + ( FAD − 67.082 N ) = 0
61 5

FAD = 30.157 kN FAD = 30.2 N T W

 PROBLEM 6.24

Determine the force in each member of the truss shown. State whether
each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

Joint FBDs: 9 kN F F
= AC = AB
9 40 41
FAB = 41.0 kN T W

FAC = 40.0 kN C W

By inspection of joint B: FBD = 41.0 kN T W

FBC = 3.00 kN C W

4.6
Note: to determine slope of CD: DE = ( 2.25 m ) = 1.035 m
10.0

1
ΣFy = 0: FCD − 3 kN = 0 FCD = 3 5 kN = 6.71 kN T W
5

ΣFx = 0:
2
5
( )
3 5 kN + 40 kN − FCE = 0 FCE = 46.0 kN C W

ΣFx = 0:
40
41
( FDG − 41 kN ) −
2
5
(
3 5 kN = 0 )
FDG = 47.15 kN FDG = 47.2 kN T W

ΣFy = 0: FDE +
9
41
( 47.15 kN − 41 kN ) −
1
5
(
3 5 kN = 0 )
FDE = 1.650 kN C W

5
ΣFy = 0: FEG − 1.65 kN = 0 FEG = 4.29 kN T W
13
12
ΣFx = 0: 46 kN + ( 4.29 kN ) − FEF = 0 FEF = 49.96 kN
13
FEF = 50.0 kN C W
PROBLEM 6.24 CONTINUED

49.96 kN F F
= FG = FH FFG = 40.0 kN C W
5 4 3
FFH = 30.0 kN C W
 PROBLEM 6.25

For the roof truss shown in Fig. P6.25 and P6.26, determine the force
in each of the members located to the left of member GH. State
whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM M = 0: ( 3 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 9 ft )( 300 lb ) + (15 ft )( 300 lb )

+ (18 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 24 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 30 ft )( 200 lb )

( )
− ( 30 ft ) Ay = 0 A y = 890 lb

ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

690 lb F F
= AC = AB FAB = 1794 lb C W
5 12 13

Joint FBDs: FAC = 1656 lb T W

By inspection of joint F: FCF = 0 W

FEF = 0 W

1656 lb F F
= CE = BC FCE = 1794 lb T W
12 13 5
FBC = 890 lb C W

5
ΣFy = 0: (1794 lb − FBD ) + 690 lb − 300 lb = 0
13
FBD = 2808 lb FBD = 2.81 kips C W

12
ΣFx = 0: FBE + (1794 lb − 2808 lb ) = 0 FBE = 936 lb T W
13
6 12
ΣFx = 0: FEH − 936 lb − 1794 lb = 0
37 13

FEH = 432 37 lb FEH = 2.63 kips T W

ΣFy = 0: FDE −
5
13
(1794 lb ) −
1
37
(
432 37 lb = 0 )
FDE = 1122 lb T W
PROBLEM 6.25 CONTINUED

12 1
ΣFx = 0: ( 2808 lb + FDG ) − FDH = 0
13 2
5 1
ΣFy = 0: ( 2808 lb + FDG ) + FDH − 300 lb − 1122 lb = 0
13 2

Solving: FDG = 1721 lb T W

FDH = 1419 lb C W
 PROBLEM 6.26

Determine the force in member GH and in each of the members located

to the right of GH for the roof truss shown. State whether each member
is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: ΣM A = 0: ( 30 ft ) M y − ( 30 ft )( 200 lb ) − ( 27 ft )( 300 lb )

− ( 21 ft )( 300 lb ) − (15 ft )( 300 lb )
− (12 ft )( 300 lb ) − ( 6 ft )( 300 lb ) = 0

M y = 1010 lb

810 lb F F
= LM = KM
Joint FBDs: 5 12 13

FKM = 2106 lb FKM = 2.11 kips C W

FLM = 1944 lb FLM = 1.944 kips T W

FJL F 1944 lb
= KL = FKL = 324 lb C W
37 1 6

FJL = 1970.8 lb FJL = 1.971 kips T W

12 24
ΣFx = 0: ( FIK − 2106 lb ) + FJK = 0
13 577

5 1
ΣFy = 0: ( − FIK + 2106 lb ) − FJK + 24 lb = 0
13 577

Solving: FIK = 2162.7 lb FIK = 2.16 kips C W

FJK = 52.4 lb T W

6 24
ΣFx = 0: (1970.8 lb − FHJ ) + ( 52.4 lb ) = 0
37 577

FHJ = 2024 lb FHJ = 2.02 kips T W

1 1
ΣFy = 0: ( 2024 lb − 1970.8 lb ) + ( 52.4 lb ) − FIJ = 0
37 577

FIJ = 10.90 lb C W
 PROBLEM 6.26 CONTINUED

ΣFy′ = 0: FHI sin 38.88° + (10.9 lb − 300 lb ) cos 22.62° = 0

FHJ = 425.1 lb FHI = 425 lb C W

ΣFx′ = 0: FGI + FHI cos 38.88° + ( 300 lb − 10.9 lb ) sin 22.62°

−2162.7 lb = 0 FGI = 1720.5 lb = 1.721 kips C W

By symmetry FDG = 1720.5 lb

5
ΣFy = 0: 2 (1720.5 lb ) − 300 lb − FGH = 0
13

FGH = 1023.46 lb FGH = 1.023 kips T W

 PROBLEM 6.27

Determine whether the trusses of Probs. 6.13, 6.14, and 6.25 are
simple trusses.

SOLUTION

Truss of 6.13: Start with ∆ABC and add, in order, joints E, D, F , G, H

This is a simple truss. W

Truss of 6.14:
ABDC, DEGF, and GHJI are all individually simple trusses, but no
simple extension (one joint, two members at a time) will produce the
given truss:
∴ Not a simple truss. W

Truss of 6.25:
Starting with ∆ABC , add, in order, joints E, F , D, H , G, I , J , K , L, M

This is a simple truss. W

 PROBLEM 6.28

Determine whether the trusses of Probs. 6.19, 6.21, and 6.23 are
simple trusses.

SOLUTION

Truss of 6.19: Start with ∆ABC , and add, in order, E, D, G, F, H, I, J, K

∴ Simple truss W

Truss of 6.21: Start with ∆ABC , and add, in order, E, D, F, H, J, K, I, G, L, N, O, R, Q,

M, P, S, T, etc.

∴ Simple truss W

Truss of 6.23:
Start with ∆BDF , and add, in order, A, E, C, G.

∴ Simple truss W
 PROBLEM 6.29

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in the

truss shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint B : FBC = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint C: FCD = 0 W

By inspection of joint J : FIJ = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint I : FIL = 0 W

By inspection of joint N : FMN = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint M : FLM = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.30

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in the truss
shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint B: FBE = 0 W

By inspection of joint G: FFG = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint F: FEF = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint E: FDE = 0 W

By inspection of joint M : FMN = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint N : FKN = 0 W

By inspection of joint I : FIJ = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.31

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in

the truss shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint D: FDI = 0 W

By inspection of joint E: FEI = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint I : FAI = 0 W

By inspection of joint B: FBJ = 0 W

By inspection of joint F: FFK = 0 W

By inspection of joint G: FGK = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint K : FCK = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.32

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members

in the truss shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

By inspection of joint M : FLM = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.33

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in the truss
shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint F: FBF = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint B: FBG = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint G: FGJ = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint J : FHJ = 0 W

By inspection of joint D: FDH = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint H : FHE = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.34

For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in the truss
shown.

SOLUTION

By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint B: FBE = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint E: FDE = 0 W

By inspection of joint H : FFH = 0 W

and FHI = 0 W

By inspection of joint Q : FOQ = 0 W

and FQR = 0 W

By inspection of joint J : FIJ = 0 W

 PROBLEM 6.35

Determine the zero-force members in the truss of (a) Prob. 6.9, (b)
Prob. 6.19.

SOLUTION

Truss of 6.9: By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

By inspection of joint G: FFG = 0 W

Truss of 6.19: By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W

By inspection of joint K : FJK = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint J : FIJ = 0 W

Then by inspection of joint I : FHI = 0 W