DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

Halaman Judul .......................................................................................................... i

Lembar Pernyataan .................................................................................................. ii

Curiculum Vitae ......................................................................................................iii

Lembar Persembahan .............................................................................................. iv

Lembar Orisinalitas.................................................................................................. v

Pernyataan Persetujuan Publikasi ........................................................................... vi

Lembar Persetujuan ............................................................................................... vii

Lembar Pengesahan ..............................................................................................viii

Kata Pengantar ........................................................................................................ ix

Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................. xi

Intisari ................................................................................................................... xvi

Abstract ................................................................................................................ xvii

Daftar Skema ......................................................................................................xviii

Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................... xix

Daftar Gambar ....................................................................................................... xx

Daftar Lampiran .................................................................................................... xxi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1

A. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1

B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 6

C. Tujuan Penelitian..................................................................................... 6

1. Tujuan Umum .................................................................................. 6

2. Tujuan Khusus.................................................................................. 6

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 D. Manfaat Penelitian................................................................................... 7

1. Manfaat Teoritis ............................................................................... 7

2. Manfaat Praktis ................................................................................ 7

E. Keasilan Penelitian .................................................................................. 8

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................... 12

A. Telaah Pustaka ...................................................................................... 12

1. Konsep Pola Aktivitas Fisik ........................................................... 12

a. PengertianPola Aktuvitas Fisik ................................................. 12

b. Manfaat Pola Aktivitas Fisik ..................................................... 18

c. Beban Aktivitas Fisik Berdasarkan Kebutuhan Kalori ............. 19

d. Mekanisme Pola Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Diabetes Melitus.... 23

2. Konsep Diabetes Melitus ............................................................... 24

a. Pengertian Diabetes Melitus ...................................................... 24

b. Faktor Penyebab Diabetes Melitus ............................................ 25

c. Klasifikasi Diabetes Melitus...................................................... 25

d. Faktor Risiko Diabetes Melitus ................................................. 27

e. Tanda dan Gejala........................................................................27

f. Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus.....................................................29

g. Penatalaksanaan..........................................................................32

h. Pilar utama pengelolaan Diabetes Melitus.................................33

3. Konsep Lanjut Usia ........................................................................ 34

a. Pengertian Lanjut Usia ............................................................. 34

b. Batasan Lanjut Usia ................................................................. 36

c. Perubahan Akibat Proses Menua.............................................. 37

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 B. Landasan Teori ...................................................................................... 51

1. Pengertian Lanjut Usia ................................................................... 51

2. Pengertian Diabetes Melitus...........................................................51

3. Mekanisme Pola Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Diabetes Melitus.........52

C. Kerangka Teori ...................................................................................... 54

D. Kerangka Konsep Penelitian ................................................................. 55

E. Hipotesis.................................................................................................56

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN.................................................................... 57

A. Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian ............................................................ 57

B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................................... 57

C. Subjek Penelitian................................................................................... 57

1. Populasi ........................................................................................... 57

2. Sampel ............................................................................................. 58

3. Teknik Sampling ............................................................................. 59

D. Variabel Penelitian ................................................................................ 60

E. Definisi Operasional.............................................................................. 60

F. Instrumen Penelitian.............................................................................. 61

G. Uji Validitas dan Reabilitas .................................................................. 62

H. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................... 64

1. Tahap Persiapan Pengumpulan Data ............................................... 64

2. Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................... 65

I. Jalannya Penelitian ................................................................................ 66

1. Tahap Persiapan .............................................................................. 66

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 2. Tahap Pelaksanaan .......................................................................... 67

J. Pengolahan Data....................................................................................69

1. Editing ....................................................................................... 69

2. Coding ....................................................................................... 69

3. Scoring ...................................................................................... 69

4. Tabulating ................................................................................. 70

5. Entry data .................................................................................. 70

6. Cleaning ................................................................................... 70

K. Analisa Data .......................................................................................... 70

1. Analisa Univariat ...................................................................... 71

2. Analisa Bivariat ......................................................................... 71

L. Etika Penelitian ..................................................................................... 72

1. Informed Consent ............................................................................ 72

2. Anonymity ........................................................................................ 73

3. Confidentiality ................................................................................. 75

M. Hambatan Penelitian..............................................................................76

N. Keterbatasan Penelitian..........................................................................76

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................... 78

A. Gambaran Umum Puskesmas Pekauman .............................................. 78

1. Geografi dan Lingkungan ............................................................... 78

2. Luas Wilayah Kerja......................................................................... 79

3. Demografi ....................................................................................... 79

4. Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas Pekauman ....................................... 80

B. Karakteristik Responden ....................................................................... 82

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 1. Distribusi frekuensi responden berdasarkan usia ............................ 82

2. Distribusi frekuensi responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin ............. 83

3. Distribusi frekuensi responden berdasarkan pendidikan ................84

C. Analisa Univariat .................................................................................. 85

1. Tingkat aktivitas fisik pada lansia ................................................... 85

2. Kejadian diabetes melitus pada lansia............................................. 87

D. Analisa Bivariat ..................................................................................... 88

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 94

A. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 94

B. Saran ..................................................................................................... 95

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN

xv
 HUBUNGAN POLA AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES
MELITUS PADA LANSIA DI POSYANDU BERKAH MUTIARA WILAYAH
KERJA PUSKESMAS PEKAUMAN BANJARMASIN TAHUN 2019
Deden Winata.1, Theresia Jamini.2, Luckyta Ibna Permana.3.
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Suaka Insan Banjarmasin

INTISARI

Latar Belakang : Pola aktivitas fisik merupakan segala jenis gerakan tubuh yang
dihasilkan dari pergerakan otot rangka yang memerlukan pengeluaran energi. Lansia yang
kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik akan mengalami kelemahan otot-otot di
muskuloskeletal, penurunan keseimbangan, terjadi peningkatan lemak di dalam tubuh,
dan berisiko terjadinya suatu penyakit salah satunya diabetes Melitus.
Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian diabetes melitus
pada lansia di posyandu berkah mutiara wilayah kerja puskesmas pekauman banjarmasin
tahun 2019.
Metode : Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik
sampling non probability sampling jenis purposive sampling, jumlah sampel 38 lansia.
Analisa data menggunakan Analisa univariat dan bivariat, analisa bivariat menggunakan
uji spearman rank. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan 10 butir soal
aktivitas fisik dan lembar observasi pemeriksaan GDS.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa responden yang melakukan aktivitas fisik
ringan yang menderita diabetes melitus 89,7%, dan tidak menderita diabetes melitus
10,3%. Responden yang melakukan aktivitas fisik sedang yang menderita diabetes
melitus 57,1%, dan tidak menderita diabetes melitus 42,9%. Responden yang melakukan
aktivitas fisik berat yang menderita diabetes melitus 0% dan tidak menderita diabetes
melitus 100% Nilai p-value yaitu 0,01 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikan 0.05 dengan
demikian terdapat hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian diabetes melitus pada
lansia di posyandu berkah mutiara wilayah kerja puskesmas pekauman banjarmasin.
Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian
diabetes melitus pada lansia di posyandu berkah mutiara wilayah kerja Puskesmas
Pekauman Banjarmasin tahun 2019.

Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik, Diabetes Melitus, Lansia.

1
Mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin
2
Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin
3
Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin

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 RELATIONSHIP OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PATTERNS WITH THE EVENT
OF DIABETES MELITUS IN ELDERLY IN POSYANDU BERKAH MUTIARA
WORKING AREA OF PEKAUMAN BANJARMASIN PRIMARY HEALTH
CENTER IN 2019
Deden Winata.1, Theresia Jamini.2, Luckyta Ibna Permana.3.
Institute of Health Sciences Suaka Insan Banjarmasin

Abstract

Background: The pattern of physical activity is any type of body movement that results
from the movement of skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure. Elderly people
who do less physical activity will experience weakness in musculoskeletal muscles,
decreased balance, increased fat in the body, and the risk of an illness, one of which is
diabetes mellitus.
Objective: Determine the relationship between the pattern of physical activity with the
event of diabetes melitus in elderly in posyandu berkah mutiara working area of
pekauman banjarmasin primary health center in 2019.
Method: Type of research quantitative with a study design cross sectional. sampling
technique Non-probability sampling type of purposive sampling, sample use 38 elderly.
Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the
Spearman rank test. The research instrument used a questionnaire with 10 items about
physical activity and GDS examination observation sheet.
Results: The results of this study indicate that respondents who did mild physical activity
suffering from diabetes mellitus were 89.7%, and did not suffer from diabetes mellitus
10.3%. Respondents who were doing physical activity were suffering from diabetes
mellitus 57.1%, and did not suffer from diabetes mellitus 42.9%. Respondents who
carried out heavy physical activity who suffered from diabetes mellitus 0% and did not
suffer from 100% diabetes mellitus. The value of p-value was 0.01 smaller than the
significant level of 0.05 thus there was relationship between the pattern of physical
activity with the event of diabetes melitus in elderly in posyandu berkah mutiara working
area of pekauman banjarmasin primary health center.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the pattern of physical activity
and the incidence of diabetes mellitus in elderly in posyandu berkah mutiara working area
of pekauman banjarmasin primary health center in 2019.

Keywords: Physical Activity, Diabetes Mellitus, Elderly.

1
Student of Nursing Science program STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin
2
Lecture of Nursing Science program STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin
3
Lecture of Nursing Science program STIKES Suaka Insan Banjarmasin

xvii
 DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman

Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Aktivitas Fisik..................................................................14

Tabel 2.2 Jenis Aktivitas Fisik...........................................................................18

Tabel 2.3 Klasifikasi Penilaian Aktivitas Fisik..................................................18

Tabel 3.1 Definisi Operasional...........................................................................60

Tabel 4.1 Luas Wilayah kerja puskesmas Pekauman .......................................78

Tabel 4.2 Data ketenagaan Puskesmas Pekauman tahun 2017 .........................79

Tabel 4.3 Karakteristik responden berdasarkan usia..........................................80

Tabel 4.4 Karakteristik responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin...........................81

Tabel 4.5 Karakteristik responden berdasarkan pendidikan..............................82

Tabel 4.6 Aktivitas fisik responden...................................................................83

Tabel 4.7 Kejadian Diabetes Melitus.................................................................85

Tabel 4.8 Hubungan Pola Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kejadian DM ....................87

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 DAFTAR SKEMA

Halaman

Skema 2.1 KerangkaTeori ..................................................................................... 54

Skema 2.2 Kerangka Konsep Penelitian ................................................................ 55

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

Gambar 4.1 Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin ................................................... 78

Gambar 4.2 Peta Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pekauman ........................................ 79

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 : Surat Studi Pendahuluan

Lampiran 2 : Surat Balasan Studi Pendahuluan

Lampiran 3 : Surat Uji Validitas

Lampiran 4 : Surat Balasan Uji Validitas

Lampiran 5 : Surat Izin Penelitian

Lampiran 6 : Surat Balasan Penelitian

Lampiran 7 : Master Tabel Uji Valid

Lampiran 8 : Master Tabel Penelitian

Lampiran 9 : Hasil Uji Valid

Lampiran 10 : Hasil Uji Spearman Rank

Lampiran 11 : Lembar Penjelasan Informed Consent

Lampiran 12 : Lembar Informed Consent

Lampiran 13 : Lembar Kuesioner

Lampiran 14 : Lembar Konsultasi

Lampiran 15 : Lembar Jadwal Penelitian

Lampiran 16 : Lembar Rincian Biaya Penelitian

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