OBJECTIVES

1. To determine the permeability of porous media by using liquid permeameter.

2. To determine the average permeability of a core sample within different pressure.
 APPARATUS
Apparatus
1. Liquid Permeameter (LP-101A)

Figure 1: Liquid Permeameter LP-101A

Chamber lid

Adapter plate
Screen adapter

Core sample

Figure 2: Components and core sample

Materials
1. Core sample: cloth piece
 Sample A (3.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 0.01 cm)
 Sample B (3.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 0.02 cm)
2. Distilled water
 PROCEDURES

1. A core-sample A with thickness of 0.01 cm has been prepared.

2. The hose is then attached to the sample chamber to fill in liquid. Next, unscrewed and
remove the lid. Then the spacing insert and adapter are taken out.
3. The o-ring is inspected to make sure its dryness.
4. The sample is the placed inside the sample chamber.
5. The chamber insert is then placed inserted into the chamber. The insert is made sure
to be set lower than the height of the sample chamber.
6. Set the auto test to the designated pressure of 5psi and started the sequence.
7. As the data are collected during the test, the time, height of liquid, flow rate and
pressure are displayed.
8. The data are then recorded. Experiment is then repeated by changing the pressure to
10psi and 15psi.
9. After the first set of experiment with sample A, sample B with thickness of 0.02 cm is
used and steps 1 to 8 is repeated.
RESULTS
Sample thickness, L = 0.01 cm
Sample length = 3 cm
Sample width = 3 cm
Area of sample = 3 cm x 3 cm =9 𝑐𝑚2
Fluid used = Water
Fluid viscosity = 1 cp
Sample A
Experiment 1
Pressure: 5 psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant = 0.0014813

Table 1: Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)

0.78041 0.34426 0.038251111 78.041

1.7784 0.0092106 0.0010234 177.84
2.9387 0.009209 0.001023222 293.87
3.3593 0.042278 0.004697556 335.93
3.7282 0.051558 0.005728667 372.82
4.1644 0.044205 0.004911667 416.44

Permeability Chart
0.4
0.35
0.3
FLOW RATE, CC/SEC

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 1: Differential Pressure vs Flow Rate

Experiment 2
Pressure: 10psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant: 0.0006849
Table 2: Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)

0.0040197 0.0018382 0.000204244 0.40197

0.79289 0.0055143 0.0006127 79.289
1.7896 0.027575 0.003063889 178.96
2.2246 0.020219 0.002246556 222.46
2.5813 0.011034 0.001226 258.13
2.917 0.051483 0.005720333 291.7
3.3331 0.0091957 0.001021744 333.31
3.6811 0.036757 0.004084111 368.11
4.1232 0.056994 0.006332667 412.32
4.5524 0.042278 0.004697556 455.24
4.8382 0.077189 0.008576556 483.82
5.2672 0.040468 0.004496444 526.72
5.6415 0.79056 0.08784 564.15
5.9659 0.056961 0.006329 596.59
6.3734 0.05335 0.005927778 637.34
6.7543 0.086447 0.009605222 675.43
7.2108 0.1238 0.013755556 721.08
7.599 0.057011 0.006334556 759.9
7.9288 0.073601 0.008177889 792.88

Permeability Chart
0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
FLOW RATE, CC/SEC

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 2: Differential Pressure vs

Experiment 3
Pressure: 15psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant= 0.0000131
Table 3:Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)

1.6142 0.0055159 0.000612878 161.42

2.4467 0.0018384 0.000204267 244.67
3.1111 0.0018385 0.000204278 311.11
4.2458 0.0018381 0.000204233 424.58
5.4688 0.001834 0.000203778 546.88
6.1722 0.0036864 0.0004096 617.22
6.9745 0.007354 0.000817111 697.45
7.8073 0.0055162 0.000612911 780.73
8.1373 0.0036781 0.000408678 813.73
8.5306 0.001838 0.000204222 853.06
8.9119 0.0018392 0.000204356 891.19
9.2786 0.0036776 0.000408622 927.86
10.073 0.0036771 0.000408567 1007.3
10.846 0.0018395 0.000204389 1084.6
11.205 0.0018391 0.000204344 1120.5

Permeability Chart
0.008
0.007
0.006
FLOW RATE, CC/SEC

0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 3: Differential Pressure vs Flow Rate

Sample B
Experiment 1
Pressure: 5psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant= 0.0004025
Table 4: Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)
0.76351 0.0018393 0.000204367 38.1755
1.8543 0.02576 0.002862222 92.715
2.4231 0.0073563 0.000817367 121.155
2.8105 0.0036792 0.0004088 140.525
3.1216 0.014717 0.001635222 156.08
3.5125 0.042302 0.004700222 175.625
3.89 0.07724 0.008582222 194.5
4.317 0.10854 0.01206 215.85

Permeability Chart
0.12

0.1
FLOW RATE, CC/SEC

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 4: Differential Pressure vs Flow Rate

Experiment 2
Pressure: 10psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant= 0.0010358
 Table 5: Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)
0.51244 0.0018413 0.000204589 25.622
1.393 0.0036816 0.000409067 69.65
1.7238 0.023939 0.002659889 86.19
2.1825 0.092051 0.010227889 109.125
2.5525 0.01657 0.001841111 127.625
2.8682 0.066294 0.007366 143.41
3.3008 0.070105 0.007789444 165.04
3.6729 0.093863 0.010429222 183.645
4.0977 0.088376 0.009819556 204.885
4.4885 0.086534 0.009614889 224.425
5.2103 0.13619 0.015132222 260.515
5.5711 0.13629 0.015143333 278.555
5.9175 0.16933 0.018814444 295.875
6.3504 0.22104 0.02456 317.52
6.7341 0.24311 0.027012222 336.705
7.1839 0.25911 0.02879 359.195
7.5789 0.29087 0.032318889 378.945
7.8786 0.29461 0.032734444 393.93

Permeability Chart
0.35

0.3
FLOW RATE, CC/SEC

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 5: Differential Pressure vs Flow Rate

Experiment 3
Pressure: 15psi
Average Darcy Permeability Constant= 0.0014224
 Table 6: Differential Pressure and Flow Rate

Differential
Flow rate, Q (cc/sec) Q/A (cm/sec) ∆P/L (psi/cm)
pressure, ∆P (psi)
0.98373 0.0055224 0.0006136 49.1865
1.33 0.038678 0.004297556 66.5
1.5715 0.047876 0.005319556 78.575
1.9081 0.060749 0.006749889 95.405
2.3386 0.081019 0.009002111 116.93
2.7145 0.08841 0.009823333 135.725
3.1235 0.10677 0.011863333 156.175
3.4992 0.1768 0.019644444 174.96
3.8902 0.11415 0.012683333 194.51
4.3095 0.14729 0.016365556 215.475
4.6008 0.19697 0.021885556 230.04
4.9219 0.11968 0.013297778 246.095
5.3298 0.21354 0.023726667 266.49
5.7285 0.15467 0.017185556 286.425
6.0943 0.20974 0.023304444 304.715
6.5016 0.27259 0.030287778 325.08
6.951 0.19887 0.022096667 347.55
7.3905 0.20911 0.023234444 369.525
7.6818 0.30692 0.034102222 384.09
8.0374 0.227629 0.025292111 401.87
8.4865 0.27083 0.030092222 424.325
8.8584 0.37938 0.042153333 442.92
9.1966 0.2266 0.025177778 459.83
9.5511 0.40874 0.045415556 477.555
9.9742 0.34616 0.038462222 498.71
10.384 0.401515 0.044612778 519.2
10.717 0.37952 0.042168889 535.85
11.073 0.34616 0.038462222 553.65
11.49 0.49518 0.05502 574.5
 Permeability Chart
0.6

FLOW RATE, CC/SEC 0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE, PSI

Chart 6: Differential Pressure vs Flow Rate

SAMPLE CALCULATION
Sample thickness, L = 0.01 cm
Sample length = 3 cm
Sample width = 3 cm
Area of sample = 3 cm x 3 cm =9 𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
1) Sample calculation of (Q/A):
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

From Table 1: Pressure= 5psi,

Q = 0.34426cc/sec
Q/A = 0.34426/ 9

= 0.038251111 cm/sec

𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒
2) Sample calculation of (∆P/L):
𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠

From Table 1: Pressure= 5psi,

∆P = 0.78041 psi
∆P/L = 0.78041/ 0.01
= 78.041 psi/cm