CDI 5 (DRUG EDUCATION) “Narcotikos”.

it is
sometimes know
Drug – a chemical substance used “Opiates”
as medicine or in the making of
 Drug Abuse – is the
medicine, which affects the body
illegal, wrongful or
and mind and have potential for
improper use of any
abuse.
drug.
Chemical – is any substance  Drug addiction –
taken in the body that alters refers to the state
the way of mind and body work. of periodic or
chronic intoxication
Nature of Drugs produced by the
repeated consumption
1. Prescriptive Drugs – These
of a drugs.
are drugs requiring written
 Drug Dependence –
authorization from a doctor
refers to the state
to allow a purchase.
2. Over the Counter Drugs – or psychic or
physical dependence
The OTC drugs are non-
or both on dangerous
prescription medicines,
drugs following the
which may be purchased from
administration or use
any pharmacy or drugstore
of that. Who defines
without written
bit as the periodic
authorization from a
continuous repeated
doctor.
administration of
 Chemical Abuse – is
drug.
an instance when the
 Physical Dependence –
use of chemical has
an adaptive state
produced negative or
caused by repeated
harmful consequence.
drug use that reveals
 Narcotic Drug –
itself by development
refers to illegally
of intense physical
used drugs or
symptoms when the
dangerous drugs,
drug is stop
which are either
(withdrawal syndrome)
prohibited or
 Psychological
regulated drugs. It
Dependence – an
also refers to drugs
attachment to drug
that produces sleep
abuse that arises
or stupor and
from a drug ability
relieves pain due to
to satisfy some
its depressant effect
emotional or
on the CNS. The term
personality needs of
narcotics come from
an individual.
Greek word
  Tolerance – is the Jan 8, 1958 – The Philippine
increasing dosage of Constabulary conducted the first
drugs to maintain the marijuana raid in Pasay city.
same effect in the
1ST IMPORTANT DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTES
body.
 Use - Any act of Middle East – Discovery,
injecting, Plantation, Cultivation, Harvest
intravenously or
intramuscularly, of Turkey – Preparation and
consuming any Distribution
dangerous drugs.
Europe – Manufacture Synthesis
 Administer - Any act
and Refine
of introducing any
dangerous drug into US – Marketing
the body of any
person, with or 2ND MAJOR DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTES
without his/her
*Drugs that originate from the
knowledge, by
Golden Triangle
injection,
inhalation, ingestion Burma/Myanmar
or other means.

Marijuana – Oldest cultivated

plant (Canabis Sativa)

-considered “the sacred tree” Laos Thailand

and use as a “laughter provoker”

Opium Poppy Plant – originated

*Drugs from Golden Recent
in Mesopotamia (Southern Iran)
in Greece Father of Medicine. Iran
Morphine - The Soldier Disease Afghanistan
Heroin – to treat Opium and Pakistan
Morphine addiction, consider as
Miracle Drug” or a hero. India

Codeine – “Cough Syrup” Dosage – it refers to the amount

nga-nga – common among Filipino
tribes.
1972 – President Marcos enacted
RA 6425 or the Dangerous Drug
Act.
introduces to the body are in
time.
Minimal Dose – the amount to
Treat or heal that is smallest
amount of a drug that will
produce a therapeutic effect
Maximal Dose – largest amount of
the drug that will produce a
desired effect without
accompanying symptoms of
toxicity.
Toxic Dose – amount of the drug
that produces untoward effect or
poisoning.
Abusive Dose – amount needed to
produce the side effects and
action desired by an individual
who uses it improperly uses it.
Lethal Dose – amount of the drug
it will cause death.
HOW DRUG IS ADMINISTERED
1) Oral - Taken by the mouth
and must pass through the
stomach before being
absorbed in the
bloodstream.
2) Injection – introduced
directly to the blood
stream use of a needle.
3) Inhalation – make use of
gaseous and volatile drugs.
4) Topical – direct
application to a body site
or skin.
5) Iontophoresis – electric
current is used to
introduce substance under
skin.
ATTRIBUTE OF DRUG DEPENDENCE
1. Compulsion/Uncontrollable
Craving – produce the drugs
by any means.
2. Tolerance – tendency to
increase the drug dose to
produce a greater effect.
3. Addiction – powerless to
stop drug use.
4. Physical Dependence - an
adaptive state caused by
repeated drug use that
reveals itself by
development of intense
physical symptoms when the
drug is stop (withdrawal
syndrome)
5. Psychological Dependence –
Emotional or Mental
6. Withdrawal Syndrome –
medical condition arise
from stopping drug use.
HOW ADDICTION IS ACUIRED
1. Association – a would be
any user start using drug
through association with
those who do.
2. Experimental – starts with
experimenting the use of
drug.
3. In experience doctor –
incompetency in
administering.
4. Habitualization –
inducement of euphoric
effect.
5. Toleration – refers to the
necessity to increase the
dose to obtain an effect
equivalent to the original
dose.
6. Dependence – continue use
to avoid withdrawal
syndrome.
GROUP CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG
ABUSERS
1. Situational Users – use
drugs to keep them awake or
 for additional energy to
perform an important work.
2. Spree Users – school age
users who take drugs for
“kicks”, an adventurous
daring experience, or as a
means of fun.
3. Hard Core Addicts – those
whose activities resolves
almost entirely around the
drug experience and
securing supplies.
4. Hippies – those who are
addicted to drugs believing
that drug is an integral
part of life.
IDENTIFICATION OF DRUG
ABUSERS
1. Change in interest – they
lose interest in their
studies and in their work.
2. Frequent shifting of mood –
they are euphoric, elated
and sometimes even ecstatic
when under the influence of
drugs.
3. Changes in behaviour – they
usually spend a lot. They
come home late, they become
disrespectful and would
sell personal or family
valuables.
4. Changes in physical
appearance – if they can be
even under the influence
the following can be noted.
GENERAL DRUG CLASSIFICATION
According to effects, the
dangerous drugs are classified
as:
1. Depressants – are group of
drugs that has the effect
of depressing the Central
Nervous System.
2. Stimulants – are group of
drugs having the effect of
stimulating or excite the
Central nervous system.
3. Hallucinogens – refers to
the group of drugs that are
considered to be mind
altering drugs and give the
general effect of mood
distortion.
TYPES OF DRUGS
Depressants (Downers) - these
are drug which suppress vital
body functions especially those
of the brain or central nervous
system with the resulting
impairment of judgement,
hearing, speech and muscular
coordination.
1. Narcotics – are drugs which
relieve pain and produce
profound sleep or stupor
when introduced to the
body.
2. Opium – derived from a
poppy plant.
3. Morphine – most commonly
used and best used opiate.
Effective as a painkiller
six times potent than
opium.
4. Heroin – is three to five
times more powerful than
morphine.
5. Codeine – a derivative of
morphine, commonly
 available in cough
preparations.
6. Paregoric – a tincture of
opium in combination with
camphor. Commonly used as a
household remedy for
diarrhea and abdominal
pain.
7. Demerol and Methadone –
common synthetic drugs with
morphine – like effects.
used as a painkiller in
childbirth.
8. Barbiturates – are drugs
used for inducing sleep in
persons plagued with
anxiety, mental stress, and
insomnia.
9. Seconal – commonly used
among hospitality girls.
10. Tranquilizers – are drugs
that calm and relax and
diminish anxiety. They are
used in the treatment of
nervous states and some
mental disorders without
producing sleep.
11. Volatile Solvents – They
are inhaled by the use
plastic bags, handkerchiefs
or bags soaked in these
chemicals.
12. Alcohol – the king of all
drugs with potential for
abuse.
Stimulants (Uppers) - They
produce effects opposite to that
of depressants. Instead of
bringing about relaxation and
sleep, they produce increased
mental alertness, wakefulness,
reduce hunger, and provide a
feeling of well being.
1. Amphetamines – used
medically for weight
reducing in obesity, relief
of mild depression and
treatment.
2. Cocaine - It is usually in
the form of powder that can
be taken orally, injected
or sniffed as to achieve
euphoria or an intense
feeling of “highness”.
3. Caffeine – it is present in
the coffee, tea, chocolate,
cola drinks, and some wake-
up pills.
4. Shabu/ “poor man’s cocaine”
– chemically known as
methamphetamine
hydrochloride. It is a
central nervous system
stimulant and sometimes
called “upper” or “speed”.
5. Nicotine – an active
component in tobacco which
acts as powerful stimulant
of the central nervous
system. A drop of pure
nicotine can easily kill a
person.
Hallucinogens (Psychedelic)- The
group of drugs that consists of
a variety of mind-altering drugs
which distort reality, thinking
and perceptions of time, sound,
space and sensation.
1. Marijuana – It is the most
commonly abused
hallucinogen in the
Philippines because it can
be grown extensively in the
country. Many users choose
to smoke marijuana for
relaxation in the same way
 people drink beer or
cocktail at the end of the
day. The effects of
marijuana include a feeling
of grandeur. It can also
produce the opposite
effect, a dreamy sensation
of time seeming to stretch
out.
2. Lysergic Acid diethylamide
(LSD) – This drug is the
most powerful of the
psychedelics obtained from
ergot, a fungus that
attacks rye kernels.
3. Peyote – Peyote is derived
from the surface part of a
small gray brown cactus.
4. Mescaline – It is the
alkaloid hallucination
extracted from the peyote
cactus and can also be
synthesized in the
laboratory.
5. STP – It is a take-off on
the motor oil addictive. It
is a chemical derivative of
mescaline claimed to
produce more violent and
longer effects than
mescaline dose.
6. Psilocybin – This
hallucinogenic alkaloid
from small Mexican
mushrooms are used by
Mexican Indians today.
7. Morning Glory Seeds – The
black and brown seeds of
the wild tropical morning
glory that are used to
produce hallucinations. The
seeds are ground into
flour, soaked in cold
water, then strained though
a cloth and drunk
THE DRUG ABUSE JARGONS
Jargons-Meaning
“opiate”- Narcotic
“nodding” - suspended sleep
“to shoot” - injecting a drug
into the vein
“a hit”- slang for injection of
drugs
‘Work”-apparatus for injecting a
drug
“a fix”- one injection of opiate
“juni”- heroin
“junkie”- an opiate addict
“skin popping”- to inject a drug
under the skin
“a bag”- a pocket of drug
“cold turkey’- withdrawal
effects of opiate use
“Track”- scars on the skin due
injection
“Overdose’ - death occurred
“Speed”- amphetamines
“Speed freaks”- amphetamine
addicts
“Uppers”- street slang for
amphetamines
“Rush”- the beginning of a high
“High”- under the influence of
drugs
“Coke”- street slang for cocaine
“Flashbacks”- drug use after
stoppage
“Acid”- slang term for LSD
“Acid head”- LSD user
“Drop”- taking drug orally
“Joint”- an MJ Cigar
“Roach”- butt end of a joint
“Stoned”- the intoxicating
effect of a drug
“Trip”- reaction that is caused
by drugs
“Head”- drug user
“Downer”- street slang for
depressant.