Annisa Luckytosari

20171112127

Chapter 14

Construct, Deliver, and Maintain System Project

A. In House System Development

Problem that account for most sytem failures that have plagued the sytem development
life cycle (SDLC)
User involvement in system development is key to success but competent user
involvement is difficult to accomplish :
- User tend to be become discouraged when they discover the time investment required
- Communication between end users and system professional is generally not fluent
with miscommunication discovered too late
1. In House system development : Techniques for improvement
 Prototyping
- Providing users a preliminary working version of the system
- Built quickly and inexpensively ith intention it will be modified
- Objective is to represent “an unambiguous functional specification,
serve as a vehicle for organizing and learning, and evolve ultimately
into a fully implemented system”
- Effective tool for establishing user requirements
 Computer aided software engineering (CASE)
- Involves the use of computer system to build computer system
- Upper CASE tools support analysis and design
- Lower CASE tools support physical activities associated with
application programming and system maintenance
 PERT Chart
- Tool for showing the relationship between key activities that constitute
the construct and delivery process
- Principal features of the diagram are :
 Activities which are the tasks to be completed in the project
  Events mark the completion of one activity and the beginning
of the next
 Paths are routes through the diagram that connect the events
from the first to last
 Critical paths is the path with the greatest overall time

 Gantt Chart
- Horizontal bar chart that present time on a horizontal plane and
activities on a vertical plane
- Shows the current status of the project at a glance

B. Design Approach
- The strucrure design approach is a discipline way of designing system from the
top down
- The object oriented design approach builds information system for reusable
standard components or object

C. Elements of the Object – Oriented Approach

- Objects are equivalent to nouns
- Attributes are the data that describe the objects
- Methods are actions performed on or by objects that may change their attributes
- Object class is a logical frouping of objects that share the same attributes and
methods
- Instance is a single occurrence of an object within a class
- Inheritance means each object instance inherits attributes and method of the class
to which it belongs
D. System Design
Purpose of design phase is to produce a detailed description o proposed system that
satisfies requirments indetified during analysis and is in accordance the conceptual
design.
E. Trends in commercial packages
Four factors have stimulated growth of commercial software :
- Relatively low cost of general packages
- Prevelance of industry specific vendors
- Growing demad for commercial software by small business
- Trend toward downsizing and distributed data processing

Advantages of commercial packages :

- Decreased implementation time and cost

- Reduced probability of program errors

Disadvantages of commercial packages :

- Dependence on vendor for maintenance

- Less flexibility and greater difficulty in modifying system