Where
PD = Pile dead load = weight of the jetty + the weight of the four columns
f= c
where:
= a dimensionless factor
c = undrained shear strength of the soil at the point in question
The factor, , can be computed by the equations
= 0.5 1.0
0.5
Nevertheless, from the API standard for highly plastic clays such as found in the Niger Delta coastal
region. f may be equal to c for under-consolidated clays (clays with excess pore pressure undergoing
a=1
F= 1×c
F= c
4 .2 End Bearing: q
floor c q=N× 𝑐
0 1 1 9 1 9
1 7 1 9 7 63
2 4 1 9 4 36
7 10 1 9 10 90
11 17 1 9 17 153
13 17 1 9 17 153
20 32 1 9 32 288
Where As = Surface area of shaft over embedded depth within clay giving support to the pile or
Qp = q x Ap= N x c x Ap
Pile penetration below Pile radius Pile shaft area Area of pile radius
0 0.1524 0 0.0730
Pile Undraine End Skin Pile shaft Area of Ultimate Ultimate skin
N=9
0 1 9 0 0 0.0730 0.657 0
57.82 1083.84
𝑄𝑑 =𝑄𝑓 + 𝑄𝑝
𝑄𝑑 =1083.84 +57.82
=1141.658KN
= 1090.8KN.
Pile penetration below Pile radius Pile shaft area Area of pile radius
0
0.3048 0 0.292
1 0.3048 0.292
1.9154
2 0.3048 0.292
3.8307
7 0.3048 0.292
13.408
11 0.3048 0.292
21.068
13 0.3048 0.292
24.8998
20 0.3048 0.292
38.3073
Table 4.4 ultimate skin friction and ultimate end bearing capacity.
Pile Undraine End Skin Pile shaft Area of Ultimate Ultimate skin
0 1 9 0 2.628 0
0 0.292
231.254 1910.79
𝑄𝑑 =𝑄𝑓 + 𝑄𝑝
𝑄𝑑 =231.54 + 1910.79
=2142.33KN
= 2181.50KN
Chapter five
Conclusion
Jetty is an important structure in the marine industry. The design of such structure needs efficient
analysis of loads that it will bear. Soil test analysis of the area of sitting of the jetty should be
carried out to determine the load bearing capacity of the jetty. From my analysis and
calculations, the Niger delta coastal regions is mainly of plastic clay soil. I also observed that the
load bearing capacity of a pile increases with increase in its diameter and also the reduction of
number of piles required. At 12 inches diameter the number of piles required was 60 but at 24
inches, the number of piles reduced to 30 but the load bearing capacity of each pile double for
the same axial loads. The choice of increasing or decreasing the diameter depends on what the
jetty designer wants to achieve. Piles should also be piled in a way that half of the total length of
the pile is beneath the sea floor in order to provide good load bearing capacity.
Recommendations
1. Soil analysis should be carried out on the site of jetty construction to determine the
2. Jetty piles should have enough depth below the sea floor provide support.
3. Jetty designers in the niger delta region should carry out detailed analysis and load