LOBO PROJECT
BATANGAS PROVINCE, PHILIPPINES
June 10 , 2004
By
Edsel M. Abrasaldo
James A. Climie
Fianza T. Lab-oyan
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11.0 DRILLING ………………………………………………………………. 44
12.0 SAMPLING METHOD AND APPROACH ………………………. 60
13.0 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS, SECURITY ………………. 61
14.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) ...………. 63
14.1 Duplicate Samples ………………………………………………. 64
14.2 Blank Samples ………………………………………………………. 67
15.0 DRY BULK DENSITY CALCULATION ………………………………. 68
15.1 General Discussion ………………………………………………. 68
15.2 MRL Gold’s Dry Bulk Density Standard Procedures………………… 69
15.3 Result of Dry Bulk Density Calculation ………………………. 69
16.0 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS …………………………. 72
16.1 Epithermal Gold Prospects ………………………………………. 72
16.1.1 Structural/Depositional Controls ………………………. 72
16.1.2 Deposit Types ………………………………………………. 72
16.1.3 SWB Ore-Shoot ………………………………………. 73
16.1.4 Old Lobo Mine ………………………………………. 73
16.1.5 Acacia Prospect ………………………………………. 75
16.1.6 Ore-Shoots Potential In Lobo Project ………………………. 75
16.2 Porphyry Copper-Gold Potential ………………………………. 72
17.0 RECOMMENDATIONS …………………………………………….… 77
18.0 REFERENCES …………………………………………………….… 79
List of Figures
Figure 1 - Location Map of Lobo and Batangas Projects
Figure 2 - Regional Map Showing Tenements and Prospects
Figure 3 - Lobo Project Compilation Map
Figure 4 - Lobo Project Interpreted Section Looking East
Figure 5 - Lobo Project Deposit Model
Figure 6 - Lobo Project SWB Interpreted Geological Map
Figure 7 - Lobo Project West Drift – SWB Interpreted Section
Figure 8 - Lobo Project Ground Magnetic Contour
Figure 9 - Drill Section 9978 N
Figure 10 - Drill Section 10,060 N
Figure 11 - Drill Section 10,100 N
Figure 12 - Drill Section 10,140 N
Figure 13 - Drill Section 10,155 N
Figure 14 - Drill Section 10,170 N
Figure 15 - Drill Section 10,185 N
Figure 16 - Drill Section 10,200 N
Figure 17 - Drill Section 10,215 N
Figure 18 - Drill Section 10,230 N
Figure 19 - Drill Section 10,005 E
Figure 20 - SWB Longitudinal Section
List of Tables
Table 1- Phase 2 Drill Holes Intersecting Significant Gold Values
Table 2- Assay Results of Follow up Sampling in Old Lobo Mine, July, 2003
Table 3- Assay Results of Reconnaissance Sampling in Old Lobo Mine, July, 2002
Table 4- Assay Results of Trench Sampling in FNE Prospect
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Table 5- Assay Results of Channel Sampling in Camo Prospect
Table 6- Assay Results of Rock Sampling in East Ridge Prospect
Table 7- Assay Results of Rock Sampling in Calumpang Prospect
Table 8- Assay Results of Rock Sampling in Pica Prospect
Table 9- Assay Results of Channel Sampling in WD Prospect
Table 10- Phase 2 Drill Hole Location
Table 11- Phase 2 Drilling Significant Intercepts
Table 11- Phase 2 Drilling Significant Intercepts
Table 12- Summary of Drill Core and Sludge Samples Assayed
Table 13- Sample Method of Analyses
Table 14- Duplicate Pair MPD (%)
Table 15- McPhar’s Rock Sample Duplicate-Appendix
Table 16- McPhar’s Sludge Sample Duplicate-Appendix
Table 17- McPhar vs. Intertek Fine Duplicate-Appendix
Table 18- McPhar vs. Intertek Coarse Duplicate-Appendix
Table 19- McPhar’s Blank Sample Results
Table 20- MRL Gold’s Dry Bulk Density Calculation
Table 21- Description of Dry Bulk Density Samples
Appendices
Appendix 1 Surface Rock Samples Ledger
Appendix 2 Lobo Ground Magnetic Survey Data
Appendix 3 Drill Hole Summary Logs
Appendix 4 Drill Hole Sample Ledgers
Appendix 5 Report on Petrographic Analyses of Lobo Samples
Appendix 6 McPhar’s Assay Results (available upon request to Mindoro)
Appendix 7 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Tables
Appendix 8 Consultants’ Reports
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1. 0 SUMMARY
1.1 General
This report describes results for Phase 2 drill program on the Southwest Breccia Gold Zone
(SWB), and other exploration carried out in the Lobo Project from October, 2003, to April,
2004, by MRL Gold Philippines Inc. (MRL Gold), a wholly owned subsidiary of Mindoro
Resources Ltd. (Mindoro). The Lobo Project is being explored under an option agreement
with Egerton Gold Philippines, Inc. (Egerton) by which MRL Gold may earn a 75 %
interest in all projects. The Lobo Project tenement has a total area of 1,164 hectares and
hosts at least 15 known epithermal low sulphidation gold, and high sulphidation copper-
gold-silver prospects. Magnetic anomalies delineated by both airborne and ground
magnetic surveys are interpreted as potential porphyry copper-gold systems and are high
priority drill targets.
The Lobo Project is underlain by extensively altered Pliocene andesitic volcanics intruded
by coeval sub-volcanic intrusions, and overlain in places by Quaternary cover. It is an
extensively mineralized project and, to date, approximately 7 km of northeast-trending
epithermal vein breccia trends have been recognized, the principal of which are Sampson
and Camo, each traced over approximately 2 km. Several other vein breccia trends, only
partially defined to date, are recognized. It is likely that extensive related silica cap
material, as well as Quaternary cover rocks, obscure other vein breccia trends elsewhere on
the project.
The vein breccia trends are defined mainly by mineralized and hydrothermally altered
outcrops and boulders with varying amounts of sulphides; and accompanying gold, silver
and copper mineralization. Both low and high sulphidation epithermal types are present but
overall, low sulphidation mineralization dominates.
The epithermal gold prospect that has been subjected to the most-detailed evaluation at this
time is SWB. Phase 1 and Phase 2 drilling activities were concentrated in this ore-shoot,
which represents a small segment of the Camo Trend. A total of 1,996.40 meters [m] of
drilling in 28 holes has been carried out to date on SWB.
Other promising prospects, which are being programmed for drilling, include the Old Lobo
Mine, and its southwest extension, West Drift. The Old Lobo Mine was mined
underground on a small scale in the mid to late sixties for copper-gold-silver. Based on old
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records, development workings and exploration drifts extended over about 300 m of strike
and to a shallow depth not exceeding 150 m. The operation failed due to then-prevailing
economics and metal prices (gold was about US$ 30/ounce). On cessation of mining, the
Philippine Mines and Geosciences Bureau (1984) reported remaining “reserves” in the
active stopes, as 90,700 tonnes at a grade of 20.5 g/t gold, or 60,000 contained ozs of gold.
Although no records have been located, it is believed the gold resource referred to is in the
West Drift area. This constitutes a high priority drill target.
A strong magnetic low is associated with the Sampson Trend that is 300-400 m wide and
extends the entire length of the area surveyed to date. Drilling has indicated that this is due
to intense hydrothermal alteration occurring along the structural trend. The magnetic low is
much stronger along the Sampson Trend than along the Camo Trend, probably indicating
more intense alteration / mineralization along the former trend. It may also have
implications on proximity to the assumed porphyry copper-gold system sources of the
epithermal mineralization.
There are at least 13 other prospects located along, or near, the epithermal vein breccia
trends where strong alteration occurs and encouraging metal values have been obtained.
These merit detailed evaluation. In addition, extensive areas of silica cap have been
mapped. Silica cap represents the un-eroded top of the epithermal mineralization system and
it is likely ore-shoots will occur beneath these in places localised within fault structures.
Fifteen holes were completed with 1 hole drilled in the Acacia Prospect, aggregating a total
length of 991.40m. The following holes intersected significant gold values:
* Gold equivalent (calculated based on US$ 400/oz for gold, US$ 6/oz for silver and
US$ 1.00/LB for copper)
The average grade of all significant mineralized drill intersections for the Phase 2 drilling
exercise in SWB (excluding LB-27 at the Acacia Prospect) is 4.85 g/t gold. In both the
phase 1 and 2 programs, a total of 1,992.8 m was drilled, over about 250 m of strike length
6
in SWB. Gold mineralization has been encountered for a down-dip distance of over 167 m
from surface trenches, and is open at depth, to the south. Mineralization appears to pinch to
the north but further drilling is necessary to confirm this. The greatest tonnage potential
appears to be where the pre-ore faults (northwest-trending faults) intersect northeasterly
transfer structures. The ore-shoots may decrease in width to the northeast and southwest,
away from the structural intersections, however, it is expected that they will widen again as
they approach another structural intersection and, thus, exhibit a pinch and swell pattern
along strike.
At the time of writing, a gold resource calculation is being carried out for SWB. It appears
that a significant, near-surface gold resource has been outlined by drilling and that the Lobo
Project has excellent potential for the occurrence of additional, low sulphidation gold ore-
shoots such as SWB, and also for high sulphidation copper-silver-[gold] ore-shoots like the
Old Lobo Mine.
MRL Gold conducted a ground magnetic survey covering part of the project including West
Drift, Bukal, SWB, Old Lobo Mines, East Ridge, Camo Prospects and part of Far Northeast
(FNE) Prospect. The ground magnetic survey defined a very prominent positive anomaly,
approximately coincident with the two airborne anomalies, extending over an area of about
600 m by 150 m. Modeling indicates a depth to source of approximately 100 m. A second
positive magnetic anomaly in the northeast of the current survey area has been partially
defined to date. The ground survey will be extended to cover this as well as the other
airborne anomalies on the Lobo Project. The prominent positive magnetic anomaly is
interpreted as being associated with a porphyry copper-gold system.
Other areas that show significant copper mineralization within the Lobo tenements include:
FNE, where high copper (up to 8.68 %) and silver (up to 1,792 g/t) values were obtained
from float samples; Nagtoctoc, where chip samples of outcrops show 7.3 % copper and 87
g/t silver; and Pica Prospect. The latter prospect, although has not yielded significant
7
copper and gold grades, features extensive silica capping that signifies intense acid leaching
from magmatic derived fluids emanating from an interpreted porphyry intrusive source at
depth.
This technical report was prepared by MRL Gold Philippines Inc. (MRL Gold), a wholly
owned subsidiary of Mindoro Resources Ltd of Canada (TSX-Venture Exchange). It covers
the results of the Phase 2 diamond drill program on the Lobo property from October 2003 to
April 2004. The principal objectives of this second phase drill program were to extend the
SWB ore-shoot and gain sufficient information to carry out a resource estimate.
Lobo is located some 150 km south of Metro Manila (Figure 1). It is situated at Mabilog na
Bundok village, municipality of Lobo, Batangas Province.
This report was prepared jointly by: James A. Climie - P. Geologist and President, Edsel
M. Abrasaldo, Fianza T. Lab-oyan, and Mervin C. de los Santos, Vice President, Senior
Geologist and Geologist of MRL Gold respectively. All work was carried out under the
direct supervision of James A. Climie, P. Geol. who carried out frequent and extensive site
visits. Mr. Climie is a qualified person as defined by National Instrument 43-101.
Edsel Abrasaldo has worked full-time for MRL Gold since 1997. His experience in mineral
exploration in the Philippines dates back to 1977 and he has been involved in the
countrywide exploration of various mineral commodities such as chromite (alluvial,
elluvial, chromiferous laterite and Alpine-type deposits), porphyry copper-gold, zircon,
rutile, manganese, feldspar, silica sand, PGM, and epithermal gold. From 1977 to 1985, he
worked with Philchrome Mining Corporation, a Philippine mining company that began a
pioneering countrywide prospecting for chromite sand deposits. The countrywide search
resulted in the successful exploration, development and exploitation of the J.E. Thompson
Mine in Palawan Island, which featured a state-of-the-art 40 ton-per-hour chromite
processing plant. His work with Philchrome widened his career to include experience in
production drilling, mining geology and mineral sands processing and prospecting. 1986 to
1996 was spent with Minimax Mineral Exploration Corporation. In this company, he was
involved in the prospecting, acquisition, evaluation and exploration program management
of numerous epithermal gold, vein-type gold, PGM and porphyry copper-gold prospects.
His work with MRL Gold involves management of exploration projects, environmental
management and community relations.
Fianza T. Lab-oyan has 9 years of experience in gold and copper in both exploration and
mine geology (both surface and underground mining). He has strong field experience in
geological mapping and regional to detailed prospecting, and has managed diamond and
reverse circulation drilling programs. He has worked as a Mine Geologist in Lepanto
Mining Corporation (1995 - 1996), Benguet Corporation’s Antamoc Mine (1996 - 1997)
and in Manila Mining Corporation (1999 - 2001), where he performed mine geology tasks
such as mine grade control; ore zone delineation and ore block (including manual ore
reserve) computations. In exploration, he played a major role in the preliminary
investigation of the Boringot and Lit-ag Prospects of Benguet Corporation in Pantukan,
Davao del Norte, and Mindanao, both of which exhibit low sulfidation style of epithermal
gold mineralization. His work in the Boringot and Lit-ag Prospects included programmed
and supervised reconnaissance to semi-detailed exploration work and drill target definition.
8
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Mervin C. de los Santos has a combined 7 years experience for gold and copper exploration
and production geology for both open pit and underground mine. Most of his professional
life was devoted to Lepanto, as a mine geologist on the Victoria epithermal gold-copper
underground operations, and as an exploration geologist for the mine’s tenement areas
covering adjacent high to low sulphidation and porphyry copper deposits. He was involved
in detailed exploration for gold and copper with Climax-Arimco in northeastern Mindanao,
and with Placer Pacific in northern Luzon. He had additional mine geology experience at
the Manila Mining gold–copper deposits and Semirara coal, which were both open pit
mines.
Ma. Elveta C. Comsti performed the petrographic and mineragraphic analyses. Ms.
Comsti holds an MSc. Degree in Applied Science from the University of New South Wales
in Kensington, Australia and she has more than 20 years experience in petrography and
mineragraphy as well as related fields. She is currently a faculty member of the Mapua
Institute of Technology in Manila holding the position of Professor 2, teaching Petrography
and Mineragraphy.
All information presented in this report was prepared in accordance with the requirements
of National Instrument 43-101, Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects. It is noted
that the format prescribed by that instrument has been followed as closely as possible, but
that format is not necessarily considered to be the most logical format for an exploration
report.
The Lobo Project covers a total of 1,164 hectares and is centered at 13o 39’ 00’’ N latitude
and 121o 15’ 00’’ E longitude. Central to this property is the Old Lobo copper-barite-silver-
gold mine. An approved Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (MPSA) denominated as
MPSA No. 176-2002-IV held by Egerton Gold covers the Lobo Property. It is located in
the villages of Mabilog na Bundok, Nagtalontong, Nagtoctoc and Sawang all within the
municipal jurisdiction of Lobo, Batangas Province. The mining claims comprising the
Lobo Property were originally registered with the Mines and Geosciences Bureau-Regional
Office No. IV (MGB-IV) by Resource Mineral Exploration Corporation, and individual
claim owners Jose de Guzman and Trinidad de Guzman on July 23, 1986 and July 10, 1987.
These same mining claims were assigned to Galactica Mineral Exploration Corporation
through a Deed of Assignment dated August 31, 1988. On August 29, 1997, Galactica
Mineral Exploration Corporation assigned its rights over the mining claims to Apical
Mining Corporation, which in turn deeded the same to Egerton Gold on May 10, 2000.
Mindoro through its wholly owned subsidiary, MRL Gold acquired the right to earn a 75 %
interest in the Lobo Property when it signed an option agreement with Egerton Gold on
October 23, 2000. The right to earn interest is exercisable over three phases with
corresponding financial expenditures.
10
4.0 PHILIPPINE MINING LAW
4.1 General
Mineral resources in the Philippines are owned by the State. The Philippine National
Minerals Policy of 2002 states that the mineral resources development shall be undertaken
in a transparent and sustainable manner guided by relevant laws, rules and regulations,
industry guidelines, and corporate responsibility and accountability, committed to the
highest technical standards, management systems and practices, and engaged in a sustained
process of consultation with local governments and communities, business groups, civil
society and other industry stakeholders. The exploration, development and utilization of
mineral resources may only be undertaken through grants of authority or rights to undertake
such activities from the government. Republic Act Number 7942 (the Act) otherwise
known as the Philippine Mining Act of 1995 (together with its revised Implementing Rules
and Regulations (IRR)) is the present governing law on mining rights in the Philippines.
The exploration and development of mineral resources may only be undertaken through a
permit granted by, or an agreement with, the government.
Mining activities in the Philippines are governed by a Republic Act passed in 1995 (the
Mining Act). Mining rights in the Philippines may take the form of (i) an exploration permit,
(ii) a mineral agreement, or (iii) an FTAA. The Mining Act has eliminated the use of claims
and leases for mineral properties on a prospective basis. However, claims and leases in
existence when the legislation was enacted continue to be valid.
An application for an exploration permit covering a certain area may be made to the Mines
and Geo-sciences Bureau (“MGB”) of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (“DENR”). It must be supported by exploration and environmental work
programs and a financial plan and must comply with certain procedural requirements,
including clearances from the DENR’s Forestry Management Bureau, and posting and
publication of the application. The applicant is also required to secure from the National
Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) under the Office of the President of the
Republic of the Philippines a clearance (if the applied area is free from IPs) or a
certification of free and prior informed consent (if the applied area falls within any of the
Ancestral Domain Areas). Finally, a certification regarding the presentation of the
exploration project is also needed from any two of the three local government units (the
Sangguniang Panlalawigan or the Provincial Council; the Sangguniang Bayan or the
Municipal Council; and Sangguniang Barangay or Village Council) where the applied area
is located. Provided that all the requirements are in order and that the subject area has been
cleared of any conflicting claims, the MGB-Regional Office normally grants the permit
upon endorsement of the MGB-Central Office.
The exploration permit is granted for a period of two years. The Secretary of the DENR
through the Director of MGB may renew it for additional terms of two years each; but in no
case shall the total duration exceed eight years. It may be cancelled if the Permittee fails to
11
comply with any of the requirements, or violates the terms and conditions of the permit. In
cases where further exploration is warranted beyond the 8-year period and on the condition
that the Permittee has substantially implemented the Exploration and Environmental Work
Programs as verified by the Bureau, the Secretary of the DENR, through the Director of the
MGB, may further grant renewal of the Exploration Permit: Provided, that the Permittee
shall be required to set up a performance surety equivalent to the expenditure requirement
of the Exploration and Environmental Work Programs. The conduct of feasibility studies
shall be included during the term of the Exploration Permit.
Once the exploration permit is granted, the holder is granted exclusive right to explore the
permit area. If results of exploration reveal the presence of mineral deposits economically
and technically feasible for mining operations, the permit holder is required to prepare and
submit to MGB a declaration relating to the feasibility of the mining project. If MGB
approves the submission, it grants the Permittee the exclusive right to enter into a mineral
agreement or FTAA, covering the permit area, with the government. However, the
Permittee is required to relinquish annually to the government at least 20% of the remaining
permit area during the first two years of exploration and at least 10% of the remaining
permit area thereafter, during the extension period of the permit. However, if the permit area
is less than 5,000 hectares, the Permittee need not relinquish any part thereof. Consequently,
an applicant for an exploration permit must be prepared to aggressively pursue exploration
or otherwise face renunciation of its exploration areas.
The Supreme Court ruling voiding the FTAA provisions of the Mining Act also voided
certain provisions of the Exploration Permit insofar as said provisions relate to an FTAA.
The Supreme Court ruled against allowing foreign companies to have more than 40%
participation in a mining project. However, the decision is not yet final and executory and
the DENR has already filed a motion for reconsideration on the said Supreme Court ruling.
It is believed that any indirect interest beyond the 40% limitation or direct interest can be
acquired by foreign companies through various mechanisms such as layered companies,
preferred shares, financing fees, service charges [e.g. Malampaya Gas Project owned 90 %
by foreign oil companies] etc.
A mineral agreement may take the form of either (i) an MPSA, (ii) a Co-production
Agreement ("CPA"), or (iii) a Joint Venture Agreement ("JVA"). An MPSA is an
agreement wherein the government grants the contractor the right to conduct mining
operations within the contract area in consideration of a share in the production that
typically takes the form of an excise tax. In turn, the contractor provides the necessary
financing, technology, management and personnel. A CPA is an agreement between the
government and the contractor wherein the government makes a contribution to the venture
other than the mineral resources. A JVA is an agreement where a joint venture company is
organized and jointly owned by the government and the contractor, for the purpose of
conducting mining activities.
MRL Gold does not have, nor does it currently intend to pursue, applications for CPAs or
JVAs.
12
A mineral agreement may be obtained only by an individual who is a citizen of the
Philippines, or by a corporation, partnership, association or cooperative of which at least
60% of the capital is owned by citizens of the Philippines.
Any adverse claim, protest or opposition to an application for a mineral agreement must be
made within a period of 45 days from the date on which the application is last posted and
published. If any claim, protest or opposition is made within that 45 days, MGB will not
recommend the application for approval until such claim, protest or opposition is resolved.
Once resolved or if no claim, protest or opposition is made within such 45 day period, MGB
will review and evaluate the various work programs submitted and the technical and
financial capabilities of the proposal and, if found in order, will recommend the application
for approval by the Secretary of the DENR. Registration with MGB follows the approval by
the Secretary. Thereafter, exploration may commence.
A mineral agreement is valid for a term as may be mutually agreed between the applicant
and the government not exceeding 25 years, subject to renewal for another period of 25
years under the same terms and conditions subject to changes mutually agreed upon by the
parties and provided further that the terms and conditions are not inconsistent with the law
and do not prejudice the principle of sustainable development. There is no prescribed term
(subject to the initial or renewed 25 year term), and the term is subject to negotiation with
the government taking into account the nature of the orebody and the expected mine life.
Nor are there prescribed forms of mineral agreements. Further, there are no prescribed
guidelines for processing mineral agreements or the underlying mineral claims although
priority for consideration of a mineral claim for a particular area is given on a priority-filing
basis. A mineral agreement gives the contractor the right to conduct mining operations and
extract all mineral resources found in the contract area for the duration of the contract
period. It further gives the contractor the option, subject to the approval of the Secretary of
the DENR, to convert the mineral agreement into an FTAA covering the remaining period
of the original agreement. The contractor may also assign the agreement to a qualified
person with the prior approval of the Secretary. The contractor may also withdraw from the
agreement with prior notice to the Secretary, due to causes, which make continued mining
operations no longer feasible or viable.
13
In addition to mineral agreements, MGB also requires a mineral processing permit, except
when the approved work program included the processing of minerals, and an ore transport
permit if the contractor has a need to transport either minerals or mineral products.
The total government share in an MPSA consists of the excise tax on mineral products,
while its share in the CPA and JVA is subject to negotiation with the contractor.
Mindoro is the holder of an exclusive and irrevocable right to earn up to 75% direct and
indirect interests in the Lobo MPSA held by Egerton Gold.
The application for an FTAA must be approved by the President of the Republic of
Philippines. Under the FTAA, the contractor is required to comply with a minimum
expenditure obligation of at least US$4 million during the exploration and feasibility study
periods, and must invest at least US$25 million for infrastructure and development in the
contract area. In addition, a financial guarantee must be posted by the contractor in favour
of the government before the President approves the FTAA. If a contractor decides to
withdraw from a project due to concerns about its feasibility, it may apply to withdraw from
the agreement. If the Secretary of the DENR approves the application, the contractor’s
financial guarantee will be released.
In all other material respects, the procedure and requirements for an FTAA are substantially
the same as that of an application for a mineral agreement. The FTAA may be revoked by
the government for any violation of its terms and conditions or of the law and regulations.
There are no prescribed terms (subject to the initial or renewed 25 year term) for, nor
prescribed forms of FTAAs. Further, there are no prescribed guidelines for processing
FTAAs or the underlying mineral claim although priority for consideration of a mineral
claim for a particular area is given on a priority-filing basis. If the economic viability of the
orebody in the contract area is found to be inadequate to justify large-scale mining
operations, the contractor may, subject to the approval of the Secretary, convert the FTAA
into a mineral agreement. In the event of such conversion, the contractor has a period of one
year from the filing of its intention to convert within which to achieve the required
minimum Philippine equity participation. The contractor may assign the FTAA with the
approval of the Secretary.
Very recently, the Supreme Court of the Philippines, in the case involving the
constitutionality of the FTAA mode provided by the Mining Act held the FTAA mechanism
to be unconstitutional and void. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) of the Philippines through the Office of the Solicitor General (OSG) and in
consultation with the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Board of Investments (BOI) has filed
14
a motion for reconsideration on the Supreme Court ruling. The Supreme Court has yet to
rule with finality on the motion for reconsideration.
“Qualified Person” means any Filipino Citizen of legal age and with a capacity to contract;
or a corporation, partnership, association or cooperative organized or authorized for the
purpose of engaging in mining, with technical and financial capability to undertake mineral
resources development and duly registered in accordance with law, at least 60% of the
capital of which is owned by Filipino citizens. Provided, That a legally organized Foreign-
owned Corporation shall be deemed a Qualified Person for purposes of granting an
Exploration Permit (EP), Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA) or Mineral
Processing Permit only.
In line with the principle of a rational and equitable distribution and utilization of mineral
resources, the total aggregate area that may be held or granted to a single Qualified Person
of an EP, Mineral Agreement (MA), or FTAA at any one time is limited to the maximum
areas provided in the Act and the IRR.
Each Qualified Person must have the financial and technical capability to undertake the
submitted Exploration/Development/Utilization Work Program and the Environmental
Work Program/Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program (EPEP) under the EP,
MA, or FTAA. As further mandatory requirement in the acceptance of the Mining
Application, the mining applicant for an EP, MA, or FTAA shall be required to have a
minimum authorized capital stock of PhP10,000,000.00 and a minimum paid-up capital of
PhP2,500,000.00 as further proof of its financial capability; Provided, that in case of
applicants for FTAA, they shall be required to have a minimum authorized capital stock of
US$4,000,000.00 or its Philippine Peso equivalent, after approval of the President of the
Republic of the Philippines and prior to registration of the FTAA as provided for in the
IRR.
MRL Gold is the holder of an exclusive and irrevocable right to earn up to 75% interest,
direct and indirect, in the Lobo Property. Under the agreement with Egerton Gold, a
qualified joint venture company, at least 60% of the capital of which is owned by Filipino
citizens, will have to be formed into which the mining rights from Egerton Gold will be
transferred. A maximum of 40% of this joint venture company will be assigned to MRL
Gold to accommodate the direct interest it has earned in a certain project. MRL Gold will
acquire the indirect interest by means of preferred shares, financial fees or service charges.
For example, the Malampaya Deep Water Natural Gas Project, a successful US $4.5 billion
project and flagship for foreign investment in the Philippines, is owned 90% by Shell and
Texaco. Disbursement of commercial proceeds to Shell and Texaco is via service contract
fees.
The transfer of mining rights from Egerton Gold into the joint venture company that will be
formed will need the approval of the Secretary of the DENR.
15
4.7 Government Involvement
The Philippine Government grants EP’s, MPSA’s or FTAA’s on the condition that the
subject mining activities are managed in a technically, financially, socially, culturally and
environmentally responsible manner to enhance the national growth and welfare of the
Philippines. The DENR requires an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) for any
mining activity. The ECC refers to the document issued by the Secretary of the DENR
certifying that based on the representations of the proponent and the preparers (the
proponent’s technical staff of the competent professional group commissioned by the
proponent to prepare the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and other related
documents), as reviewed and validated by the Environmental Impact Assessment Review
Committee (EIARC), the proposed project or undertaking will not cause a significant
negative environmental impact; that the proponent has complied with all the requirements
of the Environmental Impact Assessment System (EIAS); and that the proponent is
committed to implement its approved Environmental Management Plan in the EIAS or
mitigation measures in the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE).
The issuance of the ECC by the DENR, which is necessary prior to the conduct of any mine
development work and construction of the production facilities in the Contract Area,
involves the commissioning of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and the
preparation of the EIS. The EIA refers to the process of predicting the likely environmental
consequences of implementing projects or undertakings and designing appropriate
preventive, mitigating and enhancement measures. On the other hand, the EIS refers to the
documents of studies on the environmental impacts of a project including discussions on
direct and indirect consequences upon human welfare and ecological and environmental
integrity. The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)/DENR-Regional Office in
coordination with the Mines Geosciences Bureau, shall take the primary responsibility for
the acceptance, processing, evaluation and monitoring of the EIS and the IEE. The
EMB/Environmental Management and Protected Areas Services (EMPAS) shall have the
16
authority to recommend to the Secretary any appropriate action on applications for an ECC.
The ECC is the basis for the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program (EPEP),
which every party to an MPSA must undertake within the subject area of the MPSA. The
EPEP refers to the comprehensive and strategic environmental management plan for the life
of a mining project on which the Annual Environmental Protection and Enhancement
Programs (AEPEP) are based and implemented to achieve the environmental management
objectives, criteria and commitments including protection and rehabilitation of the disturbed
environment. The EPEP must be submitted by the company within 30 days from receipt of
the ECC. To effectively implement an approved EPEP, the AEPEP is required to be
submitted 30 days prior to the beginning of every calendar year. Minesite inspections and
quarterly monitoring are conducted by the DENR and a multipartite monitoring team
composed of local government units, host communities, non-governmental organizations,
the DENR and the company to ensure compliance with the AEPEP.
Companies are required to rehabilitate technically and biologically all areas that are
excavated, mined out, covered with tailings or otherwise disturbed and to establish a mine
rehabilitation fund, based on their work program. Such a fund must be deposited as a trust
fund in a government depository bank and is used for the physical and social rehabilitation
of areas and communities affected by mining activities as well as for research on the social,
technical and environmental enhancement aspects of rehabilitation.
Lobo is located 150 aerial km south of Metro-Manila (Figure 1). It is situated at Mabilog na
Bundok village, municipality of Lobo, Batangas province. It can be accessed via the
national highway passing thru Batangas City for 110 km. Another 33 km of all-weather and
well-maintained road leads to Lobo municipality. This township is situated 2 km from the
nearest shoreline. Some 3 km away via good road is the Mabilog na Bundok village. The
Old Lobo Mine can be reached via a 2-km old mine road from Mabilog na Bundok village
center. The total travel time from Manila to the Old Lobo Mine is approximately 3.5 hours.
The area is characterized by moderate to high relief topography with maximum elevation of
around 400 m above sea level (masl). The central and western part of the tenement varies
from 100 to 300 masl. The whole area is deeply incised by numerous creeks. The central
part is being drained southwest principally by the Batang Creek towards the main Lobo
River. The northern part is being drained westward by the Olango River, a main tributary to
the Lobo River system.
The local climate is characterized by short dry season lasting for 5 months from December
to April and wet season from July to November with no pronounced maximum rain period.
This part of the country is not along the normal path of tropical cyclones, but monsoonal
rains from July to October bring an average monthly precipitation of 250 mm.
6.0 HISTORY
Copper has been historically known at Lobo before its discovery in 1905 by William D.
Smith. A “little work” was reportedly done at that time but no production record is
available. No other mining activity has occurred until World War II, when the Japanese
17
conducted tunneling work in areas some 1.5 km south, and 2 km northwest, of the Lobo
minesite.
The Lobo deposit was first mined for barite in 1949 by Pan Philippines Corporation (Pan
Philippines). In the 1950’s, Engineer Sampson, a retired American mining engineer,
recognized the potential for substantial copper ore and reportedly initiated small-scale
tunneling work at the West Drift, but ore extraction ceased not long after his death.
The Philippine Bureau of Mines (now the Mines and Geosciences Bureau, or MGB) and the
Nippon Mining Company of Japan had examined the property between 1950 and 1954. The
property was investigated in 1955 - 56 and later diamond-drilled by Surigao Consolidated
Mining Company (Suricon) in early 1961. Results are unknown. No tunneling work or any
ore production was conducted by Suricon. In July 1961, Frontino signed a contract on a
royalty basis to evaluate the mine, spending almost a year in refurbishing the old workings
and checking the results obtained by the Bureau of Mines. Several diamond drill holes were
completed. Copperbelt Mining Corporation (Copperbelt) was then organized and Frontino
Corporation thereupon assigned its contract with Pan-Philippines to Copperbelt.
Pan Philippines initiated underground work and mined both barite and shipping-grade
copper ore. Reported blocked out mineable resource at that time (Philippine Mining
Journal, 1964) was 100,000 tonnes at 3.5 % copper, 1.8 g/t gold and 42 g/t silver.
From June 1963, Copperbelt gained control over the property and construction of the mill
began. Concentrates of 20 to 27 % copper, 10 to 13 oz silver and 0.35 to 0.40 oz gold were
produced in May - July 1964, from head grades averaging 3 % copper. During 1966 - 1969,
underground work at the Sampson East Vein was further conducted. Production was
reported at 604 kg of copper metal (from an average head grade of 2.67 % copper), 47 kg of
gold, and 956 kg of silver. There was no further production after 1969, where the mine and
mill equipment were transferred by Copperbelt to Black Mountain mine in Baguio City.
Remaining mineable reserve was reported by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB,
1984) at 177,520 tonnes at 0.42 % copper and 90,720 tonnes at 20.57 g/t gold. Several
companies looked at the Lobo property during the copper boom in the 1970’s. Attention
was focused, however, on bulk-mineable, low-grade porphyry copper styles elsewhere in
the country.
The MGB conducted in 1975, mainly for copper, a reconnaissance geological mapping,
mineral resource evaluation, and stream-sediment survey over southern Batangas Province,
including the Lobo Property (as reported by Avila, 1980). Several copper prospects were
documented, including old mine workings and abandoned prospects. The –80 mesh stream
sediment survey highlighted some drainage with anomalous copper, which includes the
Lobo Mine (Sampson Vein) and a tributary (Copper Creek) 1.5 km to the south.
18
Billiton purchased the aeromagnetic survey data from Chase in 1998, after they had
conducted a tenement due diligence and technical data evaluation of the Lobo and
Archangel Projects (Tebar 1998). During early 1999, Billiton processed and interpreted the
aeromagnetic data (Haynes 1999). Billiton interpreted a cluster of six distinct magnetic
responses within the Lobo tenement, and one just outside, in ground also controlled by
MRL Gold / Egerton. These anomalies were interpreted as high-level intrusions with which
porphyry copper-gold mineralization could be associated.
A potassium anomaly occurs associated with three of the magnetic anomalies in proximity
to the old Lobo Mine, West Drift –SWB areas, which may reflect potassium enrichment and
potassic alteration. Billiton did not progress beyond due diligence as they were also unable
to conclude an agreement with the claim holder.
In 1997, Egerton Gold NL of Australia entered into a deal with the claim holder, Apical
Mining. However, shortly after that, the minerals market collapsed and Egerton withdrew
from the Philippines. The mineral interests of Egerton were purchased by private Philippine
and Australian interests, amalgamated as Egerton Gold Phils. Inc., to hold the Lobo and
Archangel Projects. In 2000, MRL Gold entered into a deal with Egerton Gold to acquire a
75 % interest in both projects.
Reconnaissance work by MRL Gold (September, 2002, report by Ruelo) conducted in July,
2002, outlined two major epithermal vein / breccia systems: the Camo and Sampson Trends,
0.8 km apart, each extending over at least 2 km of strike, with widths to at least 20 m.
Reconnaissance rock sampling indicated that high gold-copper-silver values occur widely
distributed along these trends (Ruelo, 2002).
Phase I diamond drilling commenced in April 2003, and focused on the SWB Zone, in the
southwestern part of the Camo Trend, where a float sample assaying 22.43 g/t gold was
previously reported (Ruelo, 2002). Thirteen drill holes were drilled for a total of 1,005 m.
Phase I was completed on September 2003. Phase 2 drilling commenced in October 2003
where 15 holes were drilled aggregating 991.4 m. Focus was on the SWB with the aim of
blocking out a gold resource for this particular ore shoot. One hole was drilled in Acacia
Zone where encouraging results were encountered. Phase 2 was concluded in April, 2004.
In December 2003, MRL Gold conducted a ground magnetic survey over part of Lobo to
confirm the aeromagnetic anomalies previously delineated by Billiton. The survey covered
9.6 line km in West Drift, Bukal, SWB, Old Lobo Mine, East Ridge, Camo Prospects and
part of FNE Zone.
19
12°15' 12°20'
% Copper-gold
New Application / prospects / old mines
Acquisition Lands
Vein / breccia
Ligwayen
Ocean
13° 42' % Taywanak Creek
San Nicolas
%
% % Calo River / creek
% Palacpac
%
Bigaa Nagtoctoc % Catapong
Balatbat Hebanga %
% %
Lobo LOBO ARCHANGEL PROJECT
%
Mine PROJECT
Paggalang % Kalabasa
Sampson Trend %
LOBO %
TOWN
"
%
13° 38'
Camo Trend
Agas
Bootin
SW Breccia 2 kms
Kay Tanda
inferred gold resource
370,000 oz (open) Mindoro Resources Ltd.
Batangas Projects
ARCHANGEL COPPER-GOLD SYSTEM LOCATION
Fig. 2
prospect is a mesothermal gold vein occurrence proximal to the Taysan Deposit. South of
the Laiya Fault, several copper ± gold deposits and prospects are known (Bigaa, Talahib,
Ligwayen, Balatbat, Calo, Lobo, Archangel and Balibago).
The oldest rocks in the district are Lower Tertiary (Paleogene) arc-basement sequences
comprising inliers of massive, regionally metamorphosed andesitic flows and meta-
sedimentary rocks (Avila 1980). A massive outcropping Early Miocene batholith – the San
Juan Diorite, intrudes these older sequences to the northeast of the Lobo tenement. This
intrusive complex is basically coarse, equigranular quartz hornblende diorite in
composition. Several low-grade porphyry copper deposits are associated with the San Juan
Diorite complex.
Within and adjacent to the Lobo tenement are massive volcanic flows comprising
porphyritic hornblende andesite – the Middle Miocene (?) - age Talahib Andesite. This rock
unit forms the country rock into which younger Miocene-Pliocene intrusives and
Quaternary volcanics were emplaced. Thin lenses of Upper Miocene-Pliocene limestone
(Mapulo Limestone) were reported overlying the Talahib Andesite. A very limited exposure
of this older limestone was mapped within the Lobo tenement where it occurs as white to
buff, soft, porous, and contains minimal coral fingers; jasperiod is present where the rock
unit is altered. A young conglomeratic unit – the Pinamucan Formation, overlies the
Mapulo Limestone and the Talahib Andesite. This sedimentary rock unit, paleontologically
dated Pliocene in age, consists of poorly consolidated polymictic conglomerate, sandstone
and shale. A widespread Quaternary volcanic unit – the Lobo Agglomerate, blankets much
of the district. This younger volcanic cover consists of coarse andesitic agglomerate,
volcanic breccia, and fine-grained ash-fall tuffs (Taal Tuff). A younger reefal limestone
overlies all the previous units – the Quaternary Limestone. This thin karstic limestone
drapes over all rock units close to the present shoreline.
The main structural grain in southern Batangas trends northwest and is interpreted as
dispersed splays of the Philippine Fault Zone. The main structure is the Laiya Fault, a west-
northwest suture related to accretion tectonics (Corbett 1996). The Laiya Fault (Avila
1980) is marked by a large curvilinear magnetic low, resulting mainly from magnetite
destruction by shearing and alteration. Other obvious structural zones are the northeast-
trending faults. These are interpreted as regional transfer structures related to the sinistral
strike-slip deformation along the splay of the Philippine Fault in the Batangas region. One
of these regional northeast structures is the Taysan Transfer Structure, which traverses the
Taysan porphyry copper-gold deposit. Taysan reportedly contains a resource of 209 million
tonnes at 0.37 % copper and 0.26 g/t gold (Chase 1995).
The Lobo tenement is transected by two sets of structures, both northeast and northwest-
trending regional lineaments, most of which are believed to be deep-seated faults related to
a splay of the Philippine Fault Zone in the Batangas district. The Southwest Luzon segment
of the West Luzon Magmatic Arc in Batangas province contains volcano-plutonic
complexes formed during oblique subduction of the Manila Trench sector, which has
imposed sinistral strike-slip deformation on structures related to the Philippine Fault.
Lobo typifies the young, relatively unroofed calc-alkaline magmatic arc setting- an andesitic
volcanic-dominated country rock with possible inliers of Tertiary high-level intrusives and
21
outliers of sub-aerially erupted andesitic volcanics (Figure 3). Lobo is located along a
regionally wide, northeast-trending structure, believed to be a dilational jog genetically
related to a splay of the Philippine Fault.
Epithermal style mineralization at Lobo is structurally controlled, and comprises both low-
and high-sulfidation mineralization styles commonly associated with barite-quartz-pyrite-
clay gangue mineral assemblage, a unique but not an uncommon feature among other high-
sulfidation systems in the Philippines and elsewhere. To date, at least a dozen prospects
have been located within the tenement, most of which are spatially disposed along 2 major
sub-parallel vein-breccia systems. The previously known Sampson Vein was mapped over
a strike-length in excess of 1.3 km and based on float and subcrop distribution, is believed
to be over 2 km long. The Camo Vein, located 0.8 km to the southeast of the Sampson
Vein, was mapped over at least 1.25 km, and float and subcrop distribution indicates this is
also potentially over 2 km in strike-length. The SWB lies along the southwest portion of
the Camo Trend. Based on the aeromagnetic data, and partially confirmed by ground
magnetic survey data, there are from five to seven magnetic highs on the Lobo Property that
are interpreted (by Billiton) as representing high-level porphyry intrusions. Figure 4 shows
the interpreted north-south geologic section.
7.2.1 Lithostratigraphy
Pliocene Conglomerate
Thick piles of unconsolidated polymictic conglomerate, sandstone and shale beds
(correlate of Pinamucan Formation) cover most of the southern portions of the
tenement. Some units are also exposed west of the tenement area. These are
basically transported and reworked unconsolidated to poorly lithified deposits of
older rock units.
Quaternary Volcanics
This unit overlies most of the andesitic country rock. It consists of a thick pile of
coarse andesitic sub-aerial volcanic breccia (Lobo Agglomerate). The eastern and
22
o
Nagtoctoc
Alluvium
River
Cover sediments / volcanics
Lobo
o Mir Altered mineralized volcanics
Silica cap
Balisong SAMPSON
o TREND
o Jasper veins / veinlets
Pica Calumpang Far NE
o o Vein-breccia
Mapped / probable / inferred
A
Lobo Mine A Ground magnetic anomaly
o River / creek
Bukal
o West Drift
o o Binong o Prospect
Camo Camo
o East Ridge A
Acacia A' Section line
" o
Base Camp A'
Jane
o
J Hill
o
CAMO
TREND
Bahayan SW Breccia
o 500 metres
Lobo Project
COMPILATION
Fig 3
B B'
Quaternary Limestone
Young reefal limestone formations occupy the southern areas, extending down to the
shoreline. It also forms remnant thin outliers at ridge tops in the central area of the
tenement. This limestone is unaltered and is generally porous.
At least 13 prospects occur within the Lobo Project. These prospects display a broad
spectrum of mineralization styles – from low to high-sulphidation breccias, veins and
replacements, to possible porphyry copper-gold–related stockwork veining. Mineralization
controls include the following:
Most work has been carried out to date at SWB, where epithermal style mineralization is
structurally controlled, and comprises both low- and high-sulphidation state copper (± iron)
sulfides commonly associated with barite-quartz-pyrite-clay gangue mineral assemblage.
Currently known significant mineralization occurs at two major epithermal vein/breccia
systems: the Sampson and Camo Trends, about 0.8 km apart, and several other, partially-
defined systems. These vein-breccia complexes are located along regionally wide,
northeast-trending structures, orthogonal to the main Manila Trench related Tertiary
volcano-plutonic arc complex. These structures are interpreted as regional “transfer
structures” related to the sinistral strike-slip deformation along the splay of the Philippine
Fault in the Batangas region. Mario Aurelio, Ph.D, a Structural Geologist commissioned by
MRL Gold in 2003 to do structural interpretation of the Lobo Project, commented during
his visit that, “the Lobo vein systems were formed through a stress system that allows either
alternate or simultaneous (oblique) normal or strike- slip faulting. Such a stress system
maybe produced in a transtensional tectonic setting (pull-apart) where shearing is not
expressed as a well-defined fault fracture but rather as a zone bounded by a shear pair. In
structures produced through such settings, it is common to find swelling at the center of
dilation and thinning out towards the shear boundary (hence, exhibits pinch and swell).
Veins of this type result from the filling in of transtensional en echelon tension gashes”
(Aurelio, 2003).
The regional setting and internal characteristics of SWB suggest an origin in a near-surface
subvolcanic environment. Preliminary textural characteristics suggest that this zone
represents a zone of boiling. This gold-silver-copper mineralization is situated in the
southwest segment of the Camo Trend and is partly delineated (still open ended) by the
25
Phase 1 and 2 drilling programs. Mineralization occurs primarily as multi-episodic vuggy
hydrothermal breccias and microveinlets. Gangue minerals are chalcedonic to opaline
silica-kaolinite-alunite-barite. Ore minerals in the more-localized, high-sulphidation parts
of SWB are chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, bornite, covellite, and enargite, likely of high-level
epithermal origin, whereas in the more-dominant, low-sulphidation parts, sulfides are
largely restricted to pyrite, associated with minor base metals.
SWB exhibits an apparent lateral metal zonation, consisting of a high-gold zone at Dita
barite area (northeast) and a gold-copper-silver zone at the Japanese Tunnel (southwest) and
in Acacia (northeast). This probably reflects the complexity and variation of the multi-
episodic nature of brecciation and hydrothermal fluid flow.
Figure 5 shows the exploration model for the Lobo Project, which is also applicable to the
region as a whole and the other MRL Gold projects. Porphyry copper-gold mineralization
is postulated associated with high-level intrusions. Proximal mesothermal precious and
base metal deposits may occur in proximity to the intrusions and at higher levels, both high-
and low-sulphidation precious (base) metal mineralization, as seen in the extensive vein
breccia trends at Lobo and vicinity. Where limestones occur in proximity to the
mineralizing porphyry intrusions, skarn (proximal) and Carlin-style deposits (distal) might
be anticipated. In fact, in places, limestones exhibit strong silicification.
9.0 MINERALIZATION
9.1.1 General
Previous field reconnaissance investigation (Ruelo, 2002) revealed two major, sub-parallel
vein breccia systems. The previously known Sampson Trend was mapped over a strike-
length in excess of 1.3 km, and, based on float and subcrop distribution, is believed to be
over 2.5 km long. The Camo Trend, located 0.8 km to the southeast of the Sampson Trend,
was mapped over at least 1.25 km, and float and subcrop distribution indicates this is also
potentially over 2 km in strike-length. These dimensions are significantly greater than
previously recognized. Several other, more restricted barite-quartz ± sulphide vein breccias,
were located and mapped to the north, east and southwest of the Sampson and Camo trends.
To date, Phase 1 and Phase 2 drilling programs have focused on a small part of the Camo
Trend, SWB. A drill test of the Acacia Zone was also conducted during the Phase 2
drilling.
Previous investigation of SWB included limited selective mining of high-grade copper ore
by the Japanese during World War II (Japanese Tunnel), and barite nearby (Dita Area) by
Pan Philippines in the 1950's.
26
Low-suphidation
Hi-sulphidation Au breccia Advanced argillic
Cu-Au-Ag High-sulphidation alteration
replacement / breccia Cu-Ag-Au vein
Quartz stockwork
Diatreme breccia
Limestone
Southwest Calcareous sediments
Breccia Diorite porphyry
Top of "basement"
Andesitic volcanics
High-sulphidation Carlin-type
Au-Ag vein Au-Ag
Mesothermal
Au-Cu-Pb-Zn vein Porphyry MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
SWB exhibits an apparent lateral metal zonation, consisting of a high gold zone at Dita
barite area (northeast) and a gold-copper-silver zone at the old Japanese Tunnel workings
(southwest). This observation probably reflects the complexity and variation of the multi-
episodic nature of brecciation and hydrothermal fluid flow. Mineralization at SWB thus
occurs in two different styles; as seen in the Dita and Japanese Tunnel sub-zones.
The Japanese Tunnel sub-zone of SWB represents a gold-silver-copper target, and is present
in hydrothermal breccia associated with quartz-barite-sulphide gangue mineral assemblage.
Breccias are texturally matrix-supported, heterolithic mixture of chalcedonic quartz,
crystalline barite, kaolinite to alunite clay with more abundant (2 to 10%) sulphides,
consisting of chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, and enargite – an assemblage suggestive of a
high-sulphidation epithermal affinity for its origin.
The andesite host rock in SWB is variedly oxidized (hematitic) and selectively to
pervasively altered to chlorite- magnetite- pyrite- clay± calcite, if distal to the mineralized
zone, and grades to clay- pyrite± quartz± calcite, if proximal to the vein. Approaching the
center of mineralization, clay is depleted resulting to quartz- pyrite as the immediate
alteration halo of the vein breccia. Episodic hydrothermal fracturing and or brecciation are
accompanied by corresponding quartz replacement and mineralization. The gray silica
replacement in the matrix post-dated the first stage brecciation with accompanying fine
sulphides as sporadic disseminations and/ or as reaction rims in some clasts. Second stage
brecciation brought forth the deposition of very fine sulphides > quartz with minimal
hematite in places. The sulphides occur as vug fills and in irregular concentrations during
this stage. Third stage brecciation introduced the dark sulphides (py >> cpy) + quartz
veinings. Re-fracturing during this brecciation stage deposited clay (smectite)>> magnetite,
chlorite as matrix, and quartz- clay veins/veinlets bordered by very fine sulfides
28
PROSPECTS
o
o
121°15'
? ?
Nagtoctoc
INDEX MAP
Calumpang
13°40' o
o Mir
500m Balisong
Pica o
o o
o °
o
o o
o
Far NE
78
% LOBO MINE
West Drift
o
o Camo 27
Bukal o
o oo
o o Binong
ooo
Acacia East Ridge (
(
(
nndd
TTrree o
s
s oonn Jane
SSaa
mpp
m
nndd
o o
o o J Hill
rree
mmo
o TT o
o
CCaa Bahayan
SW BRECCIA ?
13°38' TENEMENT BOUNDARY
26
(
(
(
21 (
(
(
(
(
16 (
(
( 23
(
13(
(
(
( (
(
(
(
17
28 (
(
(
(
(
(
((14
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(( 5 18 19 22
25 7((
(
(
(
(
( 15
(
(
( (
(
(
(
( (
((
(
(
( 20
11 6((
(
(
(
(
(
24 4
(
( 10
(
(
(
(
(
3
(
(
(
12 2
(
1
9
8
?
Quaternary colluvium Quartz-pyrite ± clay alteration 3 Inclined drill hole / number;
)
)
)
)
)
)
Quaternary agglomerate Clay-pyrite ± quartz ± calcite projected to surface
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
Fault (2 Vertical drill hole / number
Propylitized andesite Silica cap
(chlorite-clay-pyrite- ± quartz
LOBO PROJECT
Creek
± calcite ± magnetite) Mapped / probable / inferred SWB prospects
Quartz -barite-pyrite ± breccia
vein breccia 50 meters Interpreted Geology
Fig 6
(dominantly pyrite) along selvages. This later stage also may have brought forth the
deposition of base metals that are prominent along fracture planes (as noted in some drill
holes (e.g., LB-17). The colorless variety of sphalerite dominates, although the resinous to
medium dark (Fe-rich) variety also occurs. Chalcopyrite occurs side by side with the pyrite
and/or as inclusions in sphalerite and galena crystals. Base metals (sphalerite, galena,
chalcopyrite) increase towards the bottom.
Drillcore Alteration
Alteration types recognized in drill core at SWB are:
• Quartz-Pyrite-Clay (QPC)
In the absence of barite, material with intense pervasive silica replacement
with pyrite and clay has more modest grades. QPC alteration is found in holes
LB-08 and LB-09. If it occurs as breccia, moderately low grades are
expected, as at LB-05 where a QCP-altered breccia assayed 0.71 g/t gold. In
more sulphidic sections, Quartz-Pyrite-Clay Replacements in holes LB-10 and
LB-11 also have modest grades (best to date is 0.76 g/t gold).
In the absence of clay and with increasing pyrite content, this alteration type is
gradational to the Quartz-Pyrite assemblage, and the grades are expected to
increase, especially if it occurs as breccias, as in hole LB-08 (Quartz-Sulphide
Breccia with 4.97 g/t gold and 1 % copper). More silicified intercepts have
moderate grades, such as the Silicified Andesite Breccia in hole LB-07 and
LB-25 (up to 1.20 g/t gold and 0.2.0 % copper).
30
The grades for this assemblage are very low to barely anomalous. The best
grade seen to date is 0.798 g/t gold, intersected in hole LB-09 in a clay-pyrite
breccia sample, associated with 0.17 % copper. There are exceptions,
however, where clay-pyrite alteration is associated with hydrothermal
breccias, as in hole LB-03, where a hematitic breccia assayed 3.96 g/t gold.
• Propylitic (PRO)
A common alteration assemblage in both the hanging wall and footwall of the
mineralized breccia. As at surface, the dominant minerals are chlorite-
magnetite-smectite-pyrite-calcite with traces of clay (illite-sericite) and
gypsum. Gold grades are usually very low.
A test hole (LB-27) was drilled in Acacia Zone to test the outcropping quartz-barite-
sulphide-clay breccia with apparent strong structural control, as evidenced by the argillized
(clay-pyrite) to somewhat gougy faulted walls. Pan Philippines reportedly drove
underground workings in Acacia to mine barite.
Acacia Zone manifests a complex mineralization system exhibiting gold-silver and gold-
copper-silver styles of mineralization, which may have developed as tension vein split from
the main Camo- SWB vein system. The vein breccia trends 317°. Dip direction is
uncertain. The gold-silver mineralization is related to hydrothermal quartz-barite-pyrite-
clay breccia, which occurs as surface outcrop and as vein at the upper level of LB-27
(10.00m- 14.80m). The gold-copper-silver mineralization, on the other hand, is associated
with the gray quartz-sulphide-pyrite replacement breccia developed at the deeper level of
the hole (35.10m-42.30m) that contains chalcopyrite, bornite and enargite-luzonite (plus
suspected tennantite/tetrahedrite) - an assemblage suggestive of a high-sulphidation system.
The overprinting mineralization observed in Acacia is distinct from that of SWB. SWB is a
gold ore shoot (classified as low-sulphidation) associated with multi-episodic hydrothermal
quartz-barite-pyrite-clay breccia. Hole LB-25, drilled in SWB, reveals quartz- pyrite veins
containing sulfides with high sulfidation affinity although the said veins are localized and
not as prominent and developed as those in LB-27. The mineralization style at the deeper
level of LB-27 is correlative to the mineralization noted in Japanese Tunnel (LB-8 and 9),
Camo Prospect and Sampson Vein (old Lobo mine).
31
interpreted to be the result of overprinting of mineralization, in which the episodic influx of
fluid caused wider fluid penetration with consequential replacement of large portions of the
rock mass. The abundant clay±pyrite alteration in places along LB-27 is evidently the result
of post mineralization faulting and shearing. The selectively pervasive character of the
observed alteration signifies moderate water to rock ratio, which commonly occurs close to
an intrusive. The high magnetic signatures, noted at about 200 meters north of LB-27, infer
a possible intrusive at depth. Robertshaw (2004) believes that the magnetic highs may
indicate concealed magnetic intrusives. Additionally, the occurrence of high sulphidation
mineralization in this hole (and from other nearby prospect areas) strongly suggests the
presence of a high-level porphyry intrusive elsewhere. It is a common observation in the
Philippines, and around the circum-Pacific belt, that high-sulphidation systems form as
shoulders of porphyry intrusives. Additional drilling is proposed in Acacia Prospect to
further evaluate its potential, and possibly, to confirm the presence of intrusive bodies in the
area.
There are at least 5 parallel, mineralized trends at Lobo, which have been only partially
defined at this time (Figure 3). Apart from SWB, currently the focus of drilling, there are at
least 13 other prospects within the Lobo project which warrant detailed evaluation; these
include:
The Old Lobo Mine vein-breccia complex is located on the Sampson Trend, 800 m
northwest of the Camo Trend, where copper was mined on a small scale in the mid to late
1960’s. On cessation of mining in 1969, the Philippines Mines and Geosciences Bureau
estimated a remaining reserve containing 60,000 ozs gold at a grade of 20 g/t. It is likely
that this is another such mineralized shoot, which is open to extension, and is distinct from
the copper-silver ore-shoot mined nearby.
Reconnaissance work was done in the area in July, 2002, wherein, 3 mine dump samples
and 2 outcrop samples were collected for assay. In July, 2003, extensive follow-up
mapping and sampling was conducted. Three days were spent conducting detailed mapping
and sampling at 1:1000m scale, of which, a total of 9 samples were collected. Andesite, the
dominant host rock, is altered to clay± quartz± pyrite (CQP) if distal to the mineralized
zone, but grades to quartz- clay- pyrite (QCP) replacement if proximal to the vein system.
Approaching the center of mineralization, clay is depleted resulting in quartz- pyrite (QP) as
the immediate alteration halo. Assays of grab samples collected reveal low grades from the
CQP and QCP zones, while significant results were obtained from the QP zone yielding
0.535- 0.545 g/t gold, 3.8- 39.40 g/t silver and 0.189- 0.470 % copper. Samples from the
main quartz- barite breccia zone assayed 3.36- 5.845 g/t gold, 18.4- 114.4 g/t silver and
0.158- 1.58 % copper. Refer to Table 2 (July, 2003 sampling) and Table 3 (July 2002
recon- sampling) for a listing of sample results.
32
Table 2: Assay Results of Follow up Sampling in Old Lobo Mine, July, 2003
Spl. No. Type Location g/t Au g/t Ag % Cu
57297 Boulder float Old Lobo Mine area 0.005 6.0 0.002
58823 Outcrop – QP (8m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.535 3.80 0.189
58824 Outcrop - QCP (8m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.045 2.00 0.038
58825 Outcrop –Qtz- Bar bxa (3) Old Lobo Mine area 5.845 18.4 0.158
58827 Outcrop – CQP (3m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.050 39.20 0.01
58828 Outcrop – QCP (10m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.055 7.60 0.008
58829 Outcrop – QP (4m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.545 39.40 0.47
58830 Subcrop – CQP (1m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.050 14.00 .022
58826 Boulder float Old Lobo Mine area 0.055 3.8 0.04
Table 3: Assay Results of Reconnaissance Sampling in Old Lobo Mine, July, 2002
Spl. No. Type Location g/t Au g/t Ag % Cu
57719 Outcrop – QCP (3m) Old Lobo Mine area 0.02 0.6 0.03
57718 Outcrop -Qtz-Bar- Bxa (5) Old Lobo Mine area 3.36 114.4 1.58
57717 Mine dump grab Old Lobo Mine area 0.14 671.6 21.6
57720 Mine dump grab Old Lobo Mine area 2.70 30.0 3.4
57721 Mine dump grab Old Lobo Mine area 0.17 146.4 0.57
The vein breccia outcrop displays typical crustiform- colloform- sulfide banding with
enargite- luzonite, chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite, covellite as the primary ore minerals.
Substantial secondary mineralization (supergene) occurs as malachite, azurite and scorodite.
The prospect typifies high sulfidation style of mineralization associated with barite- quartz
mineral assemblage. It is likely that this is another promising gold- copper- silver ore shoot
as indicated by its mineralogical and geochemical signatures. Drilling is recommended.
The West Drift is an extension of the Sampson Prospect and is located about 300 m
southwest of the Old Lobo Mine. Tunneling work in the area was reportedly initiated by
Pan Philippines in the 1950s. In the 1960s, the company produced copper- gold and barite
ore from the area. MRL Gold initiated reconnaissance work in July, 2002, followed by
detailed mapping in 2003, and further outcrop mapping/sampling and trenching from
February to March, 2004.
The prospect lies in an area transected by series of strong high-angle, northeast trending
faults that are inferred to be post-ore faults. A large ground magnetic high anomaly occurs
at the southwest of this prospect extending from Bukal to East Ridge and Camo area. The
vein breccia is characteristically silicified, crustiform and colloform banded with associated
quartz- barite- clay gangue containing very fine sulphides and clots/ stains of malachite and
azurite with localized stringers of enargite-chalcopyrite. The vein breccia at elevation 240
masl exhibits honey- comb texture that is usually coated by manganese. The mineralization
style within the mapped breccia body signifies a possible overprinting silver-gold (low
sulphidation) and copper-gold (high sulphidation) mineralization systems. The high silver-
low gold signature of the samples collected and the presence of enargite, a high sulfidation
mineral, on the outcrops, manifests this. In a hybrid high-low sulphidation system, the
initial hydrothermal fluids maybe dominantly depositing high sulphidation minerals like
enargite and other copper sulphide minerals, however later fluid influx is characteristically
33
of low sulphidation type containing possible significant silver. The low sulphidation,
Victoria Vein of Lepanto, for example, which contains high silver to gold ratio, cuts earlier
high sulphidation enargite-bearing veins. The transitional feeder zones where fluid mixing
took place resulting to the transformation of mineralizing fluid from high to low
sulphidation may contain high gold values. These transition zones are target zones in West
Drift Prospect. The presence of these high-grade transition zones may explain the
remaining 90,000 t reserve at 20.6 g/t Au reported by MGB in 1984.
Nagtoctoc Hill is 1.8 km north of the old Lobo Mine. Pan Philippines in the 1950s,
reportedly first explored (for barite?) by trenching a silicified outcrop near Olango River.
No information about this work is on hand. Nagtoctoc is a breccia-vein complex associated
with quartz-clay- (minor barite) gangue and an advanced argillic-altered envelope,
measuring at least 250 m wide and 500 m along presumed strike-length. An aeromagnetic
high anomaly coincides with this prospect. In a road section, there are at least 4 separate
vein-breccia bodies believed to be sub vertical or steeply dipping to the east. The best
exposure is over 12 meters of outcrop. A post-ore vertical fault appears to have cut the
outcrop, and a greater mineralized width is interpreted at depth. Each of the 4 vein-breccia
bodies is enveloped by quartz-alunite-kaolinite alteration.
Further eastward, the prospect is capped by Quaternary tuff cover, where occasional minor
exposures of silicification were observed. This road section exposure is at least 100 meters
wide and sits on a magnetic high anomaly. To the south, an old trenching site exposure
comprises silicified hydrothermal breccia, generally matrix-supported, with enargite-bornite
mineralization. Malachite-azurite is present throughout the exposure. Planar measurements
of a part of the outcrop show that it strikes north-south and dips 75 degrees eastward. The
exposed width is at least 35 m. It is situated some 300 m south of the road outcrops. The
best grades from grab samples of outcrops and float between the road outcrop and the old
trenching sites are 87 g/t silver and 7.3 % copper (full results in sample ledger Appendix 1).
FNE is located some 650 m northeast of the Old Lobo Mine site. It is the northeast
extension of the Old Lobo Mine, exhibiting similarity in mineralogy, texture and alteration.
The prospect sits at the edge of an interpreted aeromagnetic high anomaly. To the east, the
prospect area is capped by Quaternary volcanics. Semi-detailed groundwork was conducted
in the area in June, 2003. The activity included geological mapping, selective sampling and
trenching.
Five strategically located trenches were dug in the area. The work discloses that FNE is
likewise a vein breccia complex associated with crustiform-colloform banded quartz-barite-
copper ± iron sulphide ± copper sulfides and clay (alunite/ kaolinite)- quartz- pyrite
alteration envelope, measuring at least 10 m wide and about 500 m along presumed strike
length. A limited extent (20m wide by 40m long) monolithic breccia with silicified to
partly argillic pyritic clasts, set in silica- hematite± pyrite infused matrix, was also mapped
34
along the FNE Creek. This monolithic breccia can be greater in dimension at depth as
inferred from the scattered floats at the adjacent ridge. One sample from this breccia
yielded low grade, however. Boulder floats of quartz- barite- sulphide vein material
containing moderate malachite and azurite are distributed along the creek and near the
portal of a believed old Pan Philippines shaft. A grab sample assayed 0.10 g/t gold, 1,792
g/t silver and 8.68 % copper. One sample from each of the 5 trenches dug was collected for
assay. No significant gold and copper values obtained; silver values were up to 58.0 g/t
(refer to table below for assay results):
2 The trench is located about 250 meters 57294 5m 0.005 43.3 0.01
NE of trench 1. Boulders of silica- clay-
sulphide replaced rocks are notable in the 7227 5m 0.01 13.8 0.008
site. Ten meters zone of clay (alunite?-
kaolinite) > sil ± py alteration is exposed
in the trench. Two samples were
collected for assaying.
3 The trench is located about 200 meters 7228 8m 0.02 9.2 0.077
north of trench 2. It is situated beside an
old test pit, where the bouldery size
enargite and malachite- azurite- sulphide
bearing quartz- barite floats that are
scattered at the portal and near the area,
possibly came from. The trench exposed
8 meters wide of silica- clay (alunite) ±
py altered zone trending N60E and
dipping 70°NW. One sample was
collected for assaying.
4 The trench is situated some 230 meters 57295 10m 0.055 7.8 0.006
NE of trench 3. The excavated trench
shows six meters of quartz- clay (alunite- 7229 2m 0.02 17.5 0.037
kaolinite?) and quartz- barite (fine
grained) replacement zone. The altered
rock is noted to be mechanically re-
35
brecciated and shows higher degree of
quartz- barite replacement at depth.
Bukal is located about 300- 500 m from West Drift area. It is the southwest extension of the
West Drift vein-breccia along the Sampson Trend. Reconnaissance was carried out in 2002,
and semi- detailed mapping with limited rock float sampling in July, 2003.The trace of the
vein-breccia is demonstrated by boulder and pebble float of intensely silicified rocks and
quartz-barite breccia. The relative increase in the amount of fragmented vein breccia
material suggests swelling of the projected Sampson Trend in this area. A small magnetic
anomaly occurs within the prospect, which may suggest a small high level intrusive. To
date, no significant rock sample values have been obtained. Since outcrop is poor, test
pitting and rock geochemical sampling is proposed.
The Camo quartz-barite-sulphide vein/breccia zone is located about 0.8 km southeast of the
Sampson Trend. The prospect consists of 3 mineralized zones (Camo vein #1, #2, #3) and
forms a sub-vertical curvilinear zone with mapped float and subcrops suggesting the
prospect may extend over at least 200 m along strike, with outcropping widths up to 5 m. It
was originally prospected by Pan Philippines for barite, but extraction reportedly was
discontinued due to the low-grade, non-massive variety.
36
Camo 3, located 60 meters northeast of Camo 2, is a steeply dipping zone of intensely
fractured to brecciated rock. A 3 m rock chip of the outcrop assayed 0.03 g/t gold, 58 g/t
silver and 1.1 % copper.
The significant dimensions, and relatively high values obtained from the samples collected,
suggest the prospect has good potential for mineralization of potential economic interest.
More detailed work via detailed mapping, trenching and drilling is strongly recommended
to this prospect.
Binong is located some 200 m northeast of Camo. It is the northeastern extension of the
Camo trend. Semi- detailed mapping was conducted, revealing a mineralization style that is
dissimilar from a typical vein / breccia style. A dark-grey, moderately vuggy fine-grained
quartz-pyrite altered float assayed 0.12 g/t gold and 0.02 % copper. A 5-7 m outcrop of
light grey intense pervasive clay-quartz-pyrite altered andesite, with minor chalcopyrite-
sphalerite-galena veinlets, assayed 0.26 g/t gold, 5.2 g/t silver, and 0.01 % copper. A grab
sample of mottled grey pyritic silicified breccia gave 0.19 g/t gold, 11.1 g/t silver and 0.01
% copper. Binong possesses the potential for better-grade gold mineralization, and more
detailed investigation through detailed mapping and sampling should be conducted.
This prospect is located 150m- 300 m southeast of the Camo Prospect. Detailed mapping at
1:1000 shows widespread altered boulders comprising quartz- barite- clay- pyrite and
pervasive intense quartz- clay± pyrite in tuffaceous volcanic breccia host-rock. Three
trenches were dug in the area that unearthed pervasive structurally controlled quartz- clay
(kaolinite)± pyrite + minor barite replacement. Boulders of quartz- barite replaced rock
were recovered from one of the trench dug on top of the ridge. The site is believed to be an
old barite prospect of Pan Philippines. The best grade recovered ranges from 0.12- 0.15 g/t
Au and 0.80- 80.0 g/t Ag.
37
The prospect may represent top of an epithermal system as further evidenced by the silica
cap that partly covers the prospect at the eastern side. More mapping and sampling work
are required in this prospect.
Calumpang is an old prospect mined for barite, located some 300 m northwest of the old
Lobo Mine. Semi-detailed mapping, along with selective sampling, was conducted in the
area. Intense vuggy quartz-pyrite± clay replacement at surface occurs with localized quartz-
barite- sulfides. The quartz- barite occurs as breccia and along open spaces and fractures
within the silicified andesite host rock. The altered zone reaches 50 - 100 m wide and over
100 m along its projected trend. Several rock samples were collected during the mapping.
A rock chip sample from a 20 m intense vuggy quartz- pyrite± barite replaced andesitic vein
wall gave 0.44 g/t Au, 2.9 g/t Ag and 0.06% Cu. The other samples collected are of low
grade (see table below):
The mineralogy and alteration prevailing in the prospect area likely represents the top of a
high sulphidation system. The observed barite ± quartz along fractures could be the halo of
a larger quartz- barite vein system at depth. Mapping, sampling with test pitting or
trenching is recommended.
Paco is a vein / breccia zone located some 300 m north of Old Lobo Mine, and some 150 m
east of Calumpang. A possible 050-degree trend is measured, based on the elongation of
the ridge. . Reconnaissance activity in July, 2003, recognized subcrops of crustiform-
colloform banded quartz-barite ± sulfides scattered over the ridge. The quartz is dominantly
chalcedonic with associated crystalline pyrite. One sample from this outcrop returned 0.05
g/t gold, 12.6 g/t silver and 0.03 % copper. More detailed sampling and test pitting work is
required to understand this prospect better.
Balisong vein is located in Balisong Creek, a tributary to Olango River on the northeastern
sector of the tenement. It is situated 820 m north of Old Lobo Mine. The vein is composed
dominantly of quartz with minor barite ± sulfides. The outcrop is at least 15 m wide and
sheared at the vein wall. It is trending 070 degrees and dips 60 degrees to the northwest.
The strike and dip direction coincides with that of Calumpang Vein, defining a single
continuous vein system. Balisong is at lower elevation, 150 m asl, while Calumpang at
250m asl. One rock chip sample (1m) assayed 0.02 g/t gold, 10.8 g/t silver and 0.02 %
copper. Several malachite-stained quartz-barite float boulders have been observed along the
creek, and more detailed mapping and sampling work is needed.
38
9.2.12 Pica Prospect
Pica is located 1.5 km west-northwest of the Old Lobo Mine, some 1 km north of the Lobo
Base Camp. Pica occupies a high hill to the west of the Lobo tenement. Intermittent semi-
detailed mapping was conducted in the area and its vicinity from April- July 2003. The
prospect is largely covered by silica- pyrite- clay-altered andesite and in part by silica cap
cover. The silica cap has an apparent width of about 500 m and is traceable for 1 km
southwest-ward covering much of Pica Ridge. Thickness is as much as 40 m.
The silica cap represents a total quartz replacement, with rare pyrite, in advanced argillic
alteration, as is commonly formed on top of an epithermal system. The quartz- pyrite ± clay
replacement extends down to the northern flank of the ridge and shows a large exposure
along the Lobo River. Rare chalcopyrite in pyrite bands / veinlets cut across the silicified
andesitic host rock. Several rock samples (see table below) were collected. The best results
so far are 0.25 g/t gold and 39.55 g/t silver, obtained from dark gray silicified and weakly
vuggy andesitic rock, and, from a quartz- barite- sulfide breccia exhibiting crustiform-
colloform banding, respectively.
The alteration prevalent in the area, together with the silica cap occurrence, suggests
presence of a preserved epithermal system. Pica is considered a major hydrothermal
outflow zone as evidenced by the widespread residual boulders of intense silicified and
advanced argillic-altered rocks Possible porphyry copper mineralization at depth is also
envisaged. Some copper sulfides that coalesce with fine pyrite crystals were noted.
Follow-up rock geochemistry sampling, detailed mapping, test pitting / trenching are
required to better understand the prospect.
J- Hill is located some 200 m southeast of Acacia Prospect. It is the southeastern extension
of the Acacia Zone in the Camo Trend. Semi- detailed mapping revealed numerous
boulders and subcrops of vuggy, intense, silicified ± (rare pyrite) replaced rocks disposed
along a western and northeastern trend (grid east) on top of a hill all the way to the East
Ridge (East Ridge Prospect). The prospect represents the original top of an epithermal
system, indicating that very little of the mineralized shoots have been eroded.
Reconnaissance sample grades were up to 30 g/t silver. More detailed mapping/sampling
and test pitting are recommended.
39
9.2.14 Southwest Extension (Jane) Prospect
This prospect lies 200 m southwest of the Japanese Tunnel in SWB. Very minimal surface
work has been carried out so far. A 4 m wide pervasive quartz- clay± pyrite altered
hydrobrecciated andesite crops out in the area. One chip sample was assayed, yielding 0.10
g/t Au, 3.7 g/t Ag and 0.10% Cu. Recently, another old barite working was located in this
prospect. More detailed ground working is recommended to properly assess the prospect.
10.0 EXPLORATION
This report describes the results of exploration work carried out between October, 2003 and
March, 2004. The work was carried out by the operator MRL Gold (Philippine subsidiary
of Mindoro) under the direct supervision of James A. Climie, P.Geol., The work consisted
of detailed geological mapping, ground magnetic survey, rock sampling, pitting, trenching
and drilling on the Lobo Project. The drilling is described in Section 11.0.
In 1996, BHP Minerals performed an aeromagnetic survey over the region, defining a
cluster of six anomalies within the Lobo Project. A geophysical interpretation performed by
Billiton in 1998, interpreted these as probably being due to magnetic intrusives. Two are
associated with a potassic anomaly, and were described as having a good chance of being
associated with porphyry mineralization. The ground magnetic survey covered these two
anomalies, as well as the flanking Sampson and Camo epithermal vein-breccia trends.
In December 2003, MRL Gold commissioned a ground magnetic survey to verify some of
the high magnetic anomalies delineated by Billiton. The ground magnetic survey was
limited in scope and covered a total of only 9.59 line-km of grid encompassing the West
Drift, Bukal, Southwest Breccia, Old Lobo Mine, East Ridge, Camo and part of Far NE
zones. The existing grid system covering the said prospects, with grid lines spaced 200 m
apart, was used in the survey. Readings were taken every 12.5 meters along grid. At SWB
area, particularly where grid lines crossed the inferred trend of the SWB vein breccia, a
closer reading every 6.25 meters was accomplished along 100 to 150 meter-long sections of
the grid lines. The ground magnetic survey was conducted by Mcphar Geoservices (Phil.),
Inc. Robertshaw Geophysics Ltd. of Canada was commissioned to carry out the ground
magnetic survey interpretation.
The ground magnetic survey has defined a prominent positive magnetic anomaly, situated
between SWB and West Drift (Figure 3 and Figure 7), which is interpreted as potentially
related to a porphyry copper-gold system, and is a high priority drill target. Epithermal gold
deposits in the Philippines are commonly underlain in close proximity to porphyry copper-
gold mineralized intrusions, which are often associated with positive magnetic anomalies.
The delineated positive anomaly (a possible magnetic intrusive) appears to coincide with
one of the airborne anomalies. Robertshaw (2004) interpreted the magnetic intrusive to
extend over an area of about 600 m by 150 m with a depth of less than 100 m and plunging
towards the northeast; the models indicate magnetite content in the range of 3%+. In
addition, Robertshaw stated, “There are 19 zones where irregular magnetic profiles could be
caused by magnetite-rich alteration. Some may be caused by fresh volcanics for example
the 3 features on line 11400 N. The alteration zones in the south half of the grid,
40
A 9,000 E 9,500 E 10,000 E
A'
Camo Trend
Sampson Trend
West Drift SW Breccia - resource
60,000 oz gold Magnetic anomaly delineation in progress
250m
ASL @ 20 g/t (believed open)
200
150
LB-19
100
LB-18
West Drift adit level
LB-17
50
LB-21
0
-50
-100
Interpreted porphyry ?
copper - gold target
The irregular magnetic profiles that occur within the agglomerate and andesite cover may
just indicate the fresh nature of the rock or its propylitic alteration, where magnetite content
is considerably high. The anomalous profiles that lie within the argillic to intermediate
argillic-altered sections may indicate magnetite rich alteration halos related to possible near
surface mineralization, and therefore more prospective.
Extensive northeast- trending magnetic lows, especially associated with the Sampson Trend,
are interpreted to reflect intense hydrothermal alteration.
Most of the detailed mapping/rock sampling and trenching work conducted during the
second phase program was concentrated in the West Drift–Bukal Area. The detailed
exploration aimed to further enhance the prospectivity of the area and to identify the
possible location of the remaining high-grade gold reserves reported by MGB in 1984.
A 1.8m wide quartz-barite-sulphide outcrop was mapped and sampled in the property of P.
Anyayahan, approximately 100 m southeast of the West Drift Tunnel. The outcrop is the
lower down dip extension of the outcrop mapped at elevation 240 masl that is 10-15 meters
wide. Two samples were collected from the 1.80m outcrop that yielded highs of 277.40 g/t
Ag and 0.490% Cu. Three trenches with an accumulated length of 25.70 meters were also
completed as of March 9, 2004. The trenches were excavated in an area owned by C.
Gutierrez, about 110 m southwest of the Anyayahan outcrop. Seven samples were collected
from the 3 trenches that gave assays of up to 50.40 g/t Ag. Please refer to Table 9 below for
the listing of the latest outcrop and trench sample results.
42
GROUND MAG CONTOURS
Colour Bar Scale
Contour Interval 200 nT E
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Scale 1:15 000
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metres
or magnetite-rich alteration zone.
Near-surface, magnetite-rich
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Figure 8
West Drift Trench No. 2 (9.5 m long, 1.2 m wide, 0.5- 1.0 m depth)
This trench is located 4 m northwest of Drift Trench No. 1. The trench exposed 7 m
of broken to massive quartz- barite ± pyrite hydrothermal breccia. The breccia
strikes 045-060° and dips 80° northwest, conforming to the general strike of
Sampson vein. The rock is also commonly vuggy and crustiform banded with slight
oxidation along fracture planes. Assay of samples showed up to 5.0 g/t silver only.
West Drift Trench No. 3 (8.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, 1.75 m depth)
The trench is located 5 m north-northwest of West Drift Trench No. 2. The trench
exposed slightly oxidized fragmented andesite wall rock locally veined by quartz-
clay replacement material. Narrow, slightly bleached weakly argillized section
occurs in one corner of the trench. Two samples were collected within the trench
but yielded insignificant gold values.
The quartz-barite- sulphide vein breccia mapped in West Drift (Anyayahan Property) is
characteristically silicified, crustiform and colloform banded with associated quartz- barite-
clay gangue containing very fine sulfides and clots/ stains of malachite and azurite with
localized stringers of enargite- chalcopyrite. The vein extension at elevation 240 asl further
exhibits honey- comb texture that is usually coated by manganese. The excavated trenches
generally exposed silica- clay± pyrite altered rock with irregular occurrences of quartz ±
barite ± sulphide veins and veinlets.
11. DRILLING
Fifteen diamond drill holes totaling 991.40 m were completed in the Phase 2 drilling
program. Split-core samples were assayed ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 m sampling intervals. A
total of 189 drill core samples were assayed and all were analyzed for gold and silver,
while, 149 for copper, and 28 each for lead and zinc. The drill plan is presented in Figure 7.
Drill sections and assay results are shown in Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and
19.
The following table summarizes the location data of the 15 drill holes:
44
10000E
Outcrop
1.2 g/t Au / 1.5 m Quaternary agglomerate
Adit outcrop
6.6 g/t Au, 1.2% Cu Propylitized andesite wallrock
(chlorite - clay - pyrite ± quartz
140 m LB-09 & 08 JAPANESE TUNNEL ± calcite ± magnetite )
ASL
Mine dump
8.6 g/t Au, 0.5% Cu Andesite replacement breccia
2.4 g/t Au, 0.2% Cu
Clay - pyrite alteration
120
2.4 g/t Au, Quartz - pyrite - sulphide vein
0.4% Cu / 3.5m
Quartz-pyrite- breccia
1.0 g/t Au,
100 0.2% Cu / 10.7 m Quartz - clay - pyrite alteration
2.4 g/t Au,
0.5% Cu / 4.1m Fault gouge
EOH 68.6 m
80
LB-08
Drillhole
2.4 g/t Au,
0.4 % Cu / 3.5 m
60 Mineralized intercept
40
180m
ASL
Quaternary colluvium
Quaternary agglomerate
160
Propylitized andesite wallrock
(chlorite - clay - pyrite ±
LB-28 quartz ± calcite ± magnetite )
140
Polymictic breccia
Fault gouge
120
100
80
60
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
LOBO PROJECT
40
102.4m 10m SW Breccia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10060 N
SCALE
Fig 10
10000E
160m
ASL Trench 1 LB-02 Quaternary colluvium
24.7 g/t Au / 14.5m
Propylitized andesite wallrock
2.8 g/t Au / 0.9m LB-01
140 (chlorite - clay - pyrite ± quartz
± calcite ± magnetite )
LB-12
Quartz - barite - pyrite breccia
120 EOH 31.3m
Quartz - pyrite ± clay alteration
80
EOH 85.0m
0.2 g/t Au / 2.9m
LB-01
EOH 76.9m Drillhole
0.13 g/t Au / 2.0m
60 2.8 g/t Au / 0.9m
Mineralized intercept
40
LOBO PROJECT
10m SW Breccia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10100 N
SCALE
Fig 11
10000E Quaternary agglomerate
Outcrop channel
13.39 Au g/t / 8.0m Propylitized andesite wallrock
(chlorite - clay - pyrite ± quartz
0.5 g/t Au / 5.3 m ± calcite ± magnetite )
180m
ASL
Quaternary colluvium
Propylitized andesite wallrock
(chlorite - clay - pyrite ±
160
quartz ± calcite ± magnetite )
LB-25-24
100
LB-24
Drillhole
7.75 g/t Au / 16.3m
80 7.71 g/t Au / 28.4m Mineralized intercept
4.24 g/t Au / 56.2m
60
40
EOH 109.15 m
LOBO PROJECT
10m SW Breccia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10155 N
SCALE
Fig 13
10000E Trench 2
19.1 g/t Au / 11m Quaternary agglomerate
8.3 g/t Au / 13.3m
180m incl. 17.0 g/t / 4.1m
ASL Propylitized andesite wallrock
LB-05, 04 & 03 9.6 g/t Au / 17.4m
incl. 23.6 g/t Au / 2.8m (chlorite - clay - pyrite ± quartz
3.4 g/t Au / 6.0m ± calcite ± magnetite )
160
LB-07 & 06 Argillized polymictic breccia
LB-13
(clay-pyrite ± chlorite ± calcite altered)
140
Pyritic hydrofractured andesite
EOH 57.30m
Clay - pyrite ± alteration
LB-06
12.2 g/t Au / 30.8m Drillhole
80 incl. 22.1 g/t Au / 7.3m
and 29.9 g/t Au /4.3m 6.8 g/t Au / 8.3m
EOH 104.50m Mineralized intercept
EOH 85.00m
9.5 g/t Au / 32.2m
60 incl. 22.2 g/t Au / 13.1m
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
1.67 g/t Au / 14.0m
incl. 4.67 g/t Au / 2.6m
LOBO PROJECT
40 10m SW Breccia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10170 N
SCALE
EOH 129.10m Fig 14
10000E Quaternary colluvium
180m
ASL
5.30 g/t Au / 22.3m Quaternary agglomerate
incl. 11.43 g/t Au / 4.10m
LB-20
and 10.67 g/t Au / 2.3m Propylitized andesite wallrock
(chlorite - clay - pyrite ±
160 quartz ± calcite ± magnetite )
Sheared zone
100 15.71 g/t Au / 12.05m
incl. 24.56 g/t Au / 5.45m LB-014
Drillhole
10.10 g/t Au / 8.2m
0.41 g/t Au / 8.3m Mineralized intercept
80 incl. 1.16 g/t Au / 1.8m
EOH 74.60m
40 LOBO PROJECT
EOH 111.2m 10m SW Breccia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10185 N
SCALE
Fig 15
10000E Quaternary colluvium
Fault gouge
12.46 g/t Au / 6.15m
100
Sheared zone
LB-017
Drillhole
EOH 57 m
80 12.46 g/t Au / 6.15m
Mineralized intercept
60
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
LB-23-22
Polymictic breccia
140 Quartz - barite - pyrite
± clay breccia
0.84 g/t Au / 1.85m
Quartz - pyrite ± clay alteration
120
EOH 41.5 m Clay - pyrite alteration
Fault gouge
100 0.14 g/t Au / 4.0m
Sheared zone
EOH 56.6 m
LB-23
Drillhole
80 0.83 g/t Au / 1.85m
Mineralized intercept
60
40
LOBO PROJECT
10m
SW Breccia Zone
0 10m
CROSS SECTION 10215 N
SCALE
Fig 17
10000E
180m
ASL
Quaternary colluvium
LB-26
Drillhole
100 Drillhole
12.46 g/t Au / 6.15m
Mineralized intercept
80
0.2 g/t Au / 1.1m
60 0.25 g/t Au / 4m
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
EOH 89.7 m
LOBO PROJECT
40 SW Breccia Zone
10m
CROSS SECTION 10230 N
0 10m
SCALE
Fig 18
Quaternary colluvium
140 LB-27
Drillhole
EOH 73.6m 0.9 g/t Au / 4.8m
Mineralized intercept
120
100
MRL GOLD PHILS. INC.
LOBO PROJECT
80
10m Acasia Zone
0 10m CROSS SECTION 10005 E
SCALE
Fig 19
The following table presents summary assay results for each of the 11 drill holes in the
Southwest Breccia Zone and the lone drill-test hole in Acacia. Summary logs for each of
the holes are presented in Appendix 3. A full listing of assay results appear in Appendix 4.
The significant drill results appear in the following table:
• Gold equivalent (calculated based on US$ 400/oz for gold, US$ 6/oz for silver and US$
1.00/LB for copper)
LB- 14 [10,185N, 10,006E, vertical] was drilled 15m grid north of hole LB-07. The
objective of this hole was to trace the northern continuity of the high-grade breccia zone
intersected at LB-7. The hole encountered broken quartz- sulphide± barite breccia near the
collar, from 9.50 to 11.55m; slightly to moderately weathered in-faulted propylitized
andesite from 11.55 down to 30.50m; clay-pyrite-altered hydrobrecciated andesite from
30.50 m to 42.50m; quartz-pyrite altered zone from 42.50 to 47.40 m; hydrothermal quartz-
barite-sulphide breccia from 47.40 to 59.45 m; and vein wall quartz- pyrite replacement
breccia from 59.45 m down to 70.50m. The footwall, consisting of propylitized andesite,
was intersected from 70.50 to end of hole at 74.65 m. Assay results showed that the
hydrothermal breccia drilled from 47.40 m to 59.45 m (over 12.05 m) yielded 24.56 g/t gold
(true width, 8.0m) that included high grade zone of 24.56 g/t gold over 5.45m from 52.15m
to 57.60m. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 15.
56
LB- 15 [drilled at the same collar as LB-14; minus 45° grid east] was drilled with the
objective of tracing the up-dip extension of the breccia zone intersected in LB-14. The hole
confirmed the continuity of the quartz-barite breccia, which dips 65° to the northwest.
Mineralized quartz- pyrite clay replacement zone was encountered from 15.10 m to 23.40
m. A 1.5-m wide quartz- barite- sulphide breccia vein intersected at a depth of 17.0 occurs
within the quartz-pyrite replacement zone. A quartz- barite- sulphide breccia measuring
8.20 m was intersected from 23.40 m to 31.60 m, then, quartz- pyrite to pyrite- chlorite-
altered andesite from 31.60 to end of hole at 41.50m. Assay results include 6.52 g/t gold
over 14.60m (considered to be the true width) from 17.00 to 31.60m, including a high grade
section of 10.10 g/t gold over 8.20 m. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 15.
LB- 16 [drilled at the same collar as LB-14/ LB-15; minus 80° grid west] was drilled with
the objective of further tracing the down-dip extension of the breccia zone intercepted at
LB- 14 and 15. A quartz- pyrite± clay replacement zone with a narrow quartz-barite vein
was intersected from 59.60 m to 67.90 m (8.3 m) that yielded 0.41 g/t Au, including 1.16 g/t
Au over 1.8 m from 59.60 to 61.40 m. The target quartz- barite- pyrite breccia zone was
encountered from 81.0m to 97.35m. The vein-breccia showed strong post-mineralization
shearing and faulting characterized by the presence of intermittently abundant clay and
unmineralized andesite wall rock fragments. The clay and wall rock fragments diluted the
zone yielding only 0.40 g/t Au over 11.60 m, from 84.8 m to 96.40 m, including 1.145 g/t
Au over 1.0 m from 91.3 m to 92.30 m. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure
15.
LB- 17 [10,200N, 10,000E, minus 80° grid east] was collared 15 m grid north of LB-14/15
& 16. The objective of this hole was to further trace the northern extension of the breccia
zone intersected in LB-14, LB-15 and LB-16. The hole intersected colluvial cover from
collar to 17.60 m; weathered in-faulted, partly brecciated, altered andesite from 17.60 m to
35.0 m; narrow quartz-pyrite± clay replacement zone from 35.0 to 36.20 m; quartz-barite-
sulphide breccia from 36.20 m to 44.50 m (8.30 m); gray quartz-sulphide breccia from
44.50 to 47.40 m; and brecciated quartz-pyrite-clay-chlorite-altered andesite with
appreciable base metal content from 47.40 m to end of hole at 57.00 m. Assay results
include 12.46 g/t Au over 6.15 m (4.0 m true width) from 36.20 to 42.35 m. The bottom
contact of the breccia from 42.35 m to 44.55 m (2.2m) contains appreciable clay. This
diluted the vein-breccia zone resulting to a grade of only 0.66 g/t Au. From 44.55 to 46.15
m, clay- quartz- pyrite replacement containing bands of sulphides (pyrite- chalcopyrite) and
barite yielded grade of 0.183% Cu, but no significant gold. Drill section and assay results
are shown in Figure 16.
LB-18 [drilled from the same collar as LB-17, inclined at minus 45° grid east] was drilled
with the objective of tracing the up-dip extension of the ore breccia intersected at LB-17.
The hole drilled into colluvial cover from collar to 6.3 m; in-faulted clay-pyrite-altered
andesite containing silicified clasts set in clayey to gougy matrix down from 6.3 m to 21.00
m; quartz-barite-sulphide breccia from 21.00 to 27.10 m; and quartz-pyrite-altered zone
grading into propylitized andesite wall rock from 27.10 m down to end of hole at 35.10 m.
The 6.10 m (5.40 m true width) mineralized breccia from 21.00 to 27.10 m assayed 5.74 g/t
Au, including 1.90m (1.70m true width) from 23.00 to 24.90m that yielded 10.56 g/t Au.
Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 16.
57
LB-19 [10200N, 10014E; minus 45° grid east] was collared at 145°, 20 meters upslope
from LB-18. The objective was to further trace the up-dip extension of the mineralized
breccia encountered in LB-17 and LB-18. The hole intersected weathered propylitized to
patchy sulphidic clay-pyrite-altered andesite from collar to 18.70 m. Quartz- barite breccia,
that yielded 3.50 g/t Au over 2.30m (considered as the true width) was encountered from
18.70 to 21.00m. Faulted chloritic to patchy clay- pyrite-quartz altered andesite was
intersected from 21.00 to hole bottom at 33.80m. The quartz- barite breccia zone is fault-
bounded manifesting post-ore faulting that possibly caused offsetting of the ore zone. Drill
section and assay results are shown in Figure 16.
LB-20 [10185N, 10042E; minus 75° grid east] was situated at 145°, 35 m upslope from LB-
14/15/16. The objective was to test the up-dip extension of the vein breccia encountered in
holes LB-14, 15 and 16. The hole intersected thin colluvial and propylitized andesite cover
from collar to 6.40 m; in-faulted, partly clayey quartz-barite-pyrite breccia from 6.10 to
28.40 m, which yielded 5.30 g/t Au over 22.3 m (15m true width). Within this 22.3-m zone,
high grade sections showing 11.43 g/t Au over 4.10m and 10.67 g/t Au over 2.3 meters
were drilled. From 28.40 m to hole bottom at 30.50m, the hole intersected quartz- pyrite
replacement zone grading to chlorite-clay-pyrite-altered andesite. Drill section and assay
results are shown in Figure 15.
LB- 21 [10,200N, 9970E; vertical] was a vertical hole situated 25 m grid west of holes LB-
17 and 18. It was drilled to trace the down dip continuity of the breccia zone that yielded
high gold grades at holes LB 17 & 18. The hole intersected young volcanic cover
consisting of agglomerate and andesite from collar to 58.90 m; polymictic breccia from
58.90 m to 78.50 m; fractured and in-faulted hornblende andesite porphyry with strong clay
alteration at near bottom from 78.50 m to 93.90 m; clay rich quartz- sulphide ± barite
breccia from 93.90 m to 103.40 m; and quartz-clay replacement to propylitized andesite
from 103.40 m until end of hole at 109.50 m.
LB- 22 [10217N, 1000E, 45° grid east] was drilled 15 m grid north of LB- 17 and 18 with
the objective of tracing the possible grid north extension of the breccia vein encountered on
these holes. The hole encountered colluvial to weathered propylitized andesite from collar
down to 7.0 m; locally brecciated quartz-clay-pyrite-altered and faulted (at bottom)
tuffaceous andesite from 7.0m to 23.30m. Clayey shear zone with fragments of quartz-
pyrite-clay, clay-pyrite, and quartz-barite-pyrite replacement breccias was noted from 24.55
m to 26.10 m (1.55 m). Another fault zone, from 26.10 m to 26.45 m (0.35 m), was
intersected, while, silicified (quartz-clay) to propylitized andesite was encountered from
26.45 m down to hole bottom at 41.50 m. The mineralized interval from 24.55 to 26.10 m
is fault-bounded on both ends indicating post mineralization shearing that caused re-
brecciation and displacement of the mineralized breccia body. The grade of the material
58
within the sheared mineralized interval is 0.835 g/t Au over 1.80 m. This hole then
confirms that the quartz-barite breccia still persists up to this drill location, only that it could
had been faulted, fragmented and displaced. Drill section and assay results are shown in
Figure 17.
LB- 23 [drilled at the same collar as LB-22; vertical] was drilled with the aim of tracing the
possible down-dip extension of the fragmented quartz-barite breccia intersected in LB-22.
The hole intersected section of gray quartz-sulphide breccia from 47.30 m to 51.30 m (4 m)
with textural and mineralogical characteristics similar to that section in LB-17, immediately
below the quart- barite-pyrite breccia zone. The contact of the quartz-sulphide section with
the overlying lithology is a gougy fault zone, oriented at 45° to the core axis (TCA). The
presence of this fault contact signifies that the interpreted upper quartz- barite-pyrite breccia
section may have been displaced (by normal faulting), hence, was not encountered by this
hole. The texture, alteration and associated mineralization of the underlying andesitic rock
from 51.30 m to hole bottom at 56.60 m also resemble that of LB-17, at the same level.
This indicates then, that the breccia mineralization encountered in LB-17 may persist up to
this drill location; only, it has been faulted and displaced. Assays of the samples collected
within the quartz- sulphide breccia yielded low gold values with a maximum 0.14 g/t Au
over 4.0 m. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 17.
LB-24 [10155N, 10021E, minus 45° grid east] was collared about 20 m southeast and
southwest of LB-10 and LB-7, respectively. This is an infill hole between grid lines
10,140N and 10,170N that aims to further confirm the mineralization between these section
lines. This is crucial to future resource calculation. The hole encountered clay- pyrite-
quartz replacement in andesitic rock from collar to 4.80 m; moderately broken mixed
sections of clay rich quartz- sulphide breccia and quartz-barite- pyrite breccia from 4.80 m
down to 21.10 m, measuring 16.30m along core with a computed true width of 15.32 m.
This section is the most promising zone of the hole, with the upper level from 4.80 m to
14.05 m consisting of quartz- pyrite- sulphide breccia with localized minimal quartz- barite-
pyrite fragments, while, the lower section from 14.05 m to 21.10 m consists of quartz-
barite- pyrite breccia with intermittent quartz- pyrite- clay replacement zones. From
21.10m down to hole bottom at 25.20 m, the hole intersected clay- pyrite to propylitized
andesite. The promising breccia section from 4.80 m to 21.10m yielded an average gold
grade of 7.75 g/t gold over 16.30 m (15.32 m true width), with included 16.49 g/t Au over
7.05 m (6.64 m true width) from 14.05 to 21.10 m. Drill section and assay results are
shown in Figure 13.
LB-25 [drilled at the same collar as LB-24; 75° grid west] was drilled to test the down-dip
extension of mineralization intersected in hole LB-24. It was drilled obliquely across the
down-dip direction and has intersected 4.24 g/t gold over 56.20 m from 39.60 m to 95.80 m
(true width approximately 15 m), including 7.71 g/t gold over 28.40 m from 67.40 m to
95.80 m. A 2.75 m interval from 70 to 72.75 m assayed 2.17% copper, 4.31 g/t gold and
40.20 g/t silver. Hole LB-25 confirms that gold mineralization continues strongly down–
dip on this section. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 13.
LB-26 [10230N, 9985E; minus 85° grid west] is situated 26 meters, 006° from LB-22 and
23. The objective of the hole was to trace the northern extension of the high grade quartz-
barite- sulphide breccia vein intersected in LB-17 and 18, which is hypothesized to be
faulted and offset along strike.
59
The hole intersected propylitized partly hematitic in-faulted brecciated andesite from 11.70
m to 69.0 m, under colluvial cover. A 1.10 m gray quartz- sulphide replacement
hydrothermal breccia containing about 3 volume % fine pyrite with associated chalcopyrite
specks was intersected from 69.00 to 70.10 m. The breccia was also veined and stringered
by later chalcedonic quartz with accompanying minimal pyrite crystals. Gold grade
obtained from the section, however, just indicated a background value of 0.20 g/t Au. From
70.10 – 83.00 m, tectonically brecciated andesite altered to clay- pyrite- silica grading to
quartz- pyrite–(sulphide) replacement was encountered. Another 4 m dark gray to almost
black total quartz replacement breccia occurs from 83.00- 87.00 m. The rock is very porous
and contains very fine pyrite and other dark sulphides, which occur in disseminations and as
vugs fill. Assays of the material collected within the interval yielded 0.25 g/t Au. From
87.00 m to hole bottom at 89.70m, faulted hydrobrecciated propylitized andesite wall rock
with matrix partly replaced/infused by gray quartz with associated fine pyrite was
encountered. Drill section and assay results are shown in Figure 18.
LB-27 [10470N, 10005E; minus 60°, 043°] was located some 240 m grid north (or 060°) of
LB-26. This was a large step out drill site from SWB to the Acacia Prospect. The hole was
targeted to hit at depth the outcropping quartz- barite- sulphide breccia located about 20 m
east of the drill collar. The hole intersected colluvial cover from collar to 3.00 m; quartz-
pyrite-clay-altered andesite porphyry from 3.00 to 12.90 m; quartz-barite-sulphide breccia
from 12.90 to 14.80 m; quartz-pyrite+/-clay-altered andesite porphyry; clay-quartz-sulphide
breccia from 26.4 to 33.30 m; quartz-pyrite-clay-altered shear zone from 33.30 to 35.10 m;
quartz-sulphide-pyrite-barite breccia from 35.10 to 42.30 m; clay-quartz-sulphide breccia
from 42.3 to 45.40 m; quartz-pyrite+/-clay-altered andesite porphyry; and propylitized
andesite from 62.30 to end of hole at 73.60 m. The vein breccia intersected was tectonically
re-brecciated with notable clay-rich matrix. This significantly diluted the grade of the ore
zone. A sample from the vein-breccia assayed 1.33 g/t Au. Drill section and assay results
are shown in Figure 19.
LB-28 [10052N, 9887E; vertical] was situated some 65 meters, 118° of LB-12. This was to
test the interpreted southwest offset of SWB. The hole intersected Quaternary cover rock
from 3.25 m to a depth of 85 m, then polymictic breccia from 85 m to bottom of hole. No
significant mineralized section was intersected in this hole, however, the presence of the
polymictic breccia, which has similar composition with the polymictic breccia that was
encountered before hitting the mineralized zone in LB-21, signifies some hope that
mineralized section may be at a deeper level. A deeper hole is recommended to further test
this possibility. Drill section is shown in Figure 10.
A total of 189 split core samples from LB-14 to LB-27 were sent for assaying. These were
assayed principally for gold, silver and copper. Additional selected assays for lead and zinc
were also carried out. The following table shows the completed number of drill core and
sludge samples as well as the elements assayed:
60
Table 12: Summary of Drill Core and Sludge Samples Assayed
CORE SLUDGE Au Ag Cu Pb Zn
DH LB-14 26 20 46 26 26 0 0
DH LB-15 14 6 20 14 14 0 0
DH LB-16 19 11 30 19 12 0 0
DH LB-17 11 6 17 10 10 10 10
DH LB-18 5 5 10 5 5 2 2
DH LB-19 4 1 5 4 0 0 0
DH LB-20 13 10 23 23 0 0 0
DH LB-21 9 9 18 9 9 0 0
DH LB-22 2 2 4 2 0 0 0
DH LB-23 6 3 9 6 6 2 6
DH LB-24 13 9 22 13 0 0 0
DH LB-25 34 32 66 34 34 0 0
DH LB-26 11 11 22 11 11 0 0
DH LB-27 22 7 29 22 22 0 0
The compiled drill hole ledgers and assay results are shown in Appendix 4.
As with the practice during Phase 1 drilling, petrology samples for thin-section analysis
were selectively taken from drill holes and surface rock samples to correctly identify their
mineral assemblage and alteration. Appendix 5 encloses the petrological work done during
the second phase drilling period for the Lobo Project.
MRL Gold assigned a mining engineer on a permanent basis to the drill rig to supervise
quality control for the drill core collection. He was on site during most of the drilling
through the main mineralized zones. He supervised the retrieval of drill core from the core
tubes, placement in core boxes and security strapping of the core boxes, and transport to the
core shed. Core boxes at the rig were mechanically tightly sealed by heavy-duty
polyurethane plastic packing bands, then manually transported to the core storage and
logging facility located some 1 to 2 km from the drill pad. E. Abrasaldo, F. Lab-oyan and
M. de los Santos assisted in ensuring the safety and security of the core boxes especially
those from mineralized zones during transport from the drill rig to the core storage area.
Core measurement for core recovery was conducted in the core storage and logging facility
at the base camp. Core recovery in the mineralized breccia is poor in places. In particular,
there is strong core loss from the friable sulphide-rich matrix and barite–rich zones. It is
thought that gold grade in the drill core may therefore be under-reported. Because of this,
collection of drill sludge (drill cuttings washed up from the hole during drilling) was
implemented so as to provide information on whether mineralized material was being lost.
The drilling sludge flow through a cemented canal from the drill hole collar into a plastic
bucket placed inside a sludge sump measuring 30 cm in diameter by 30 - 40 cm deep. The
bucket was fitted with a series of screens. Once a particular drill run was completed, the
bucket was lifted out of the sump. A small amount of detergent powder was mixed to
enhance the settling process. Excess water was then decanted slowly. The sludge samples
were then placed in plastic bags labeled with hole numbers and depth intervals. All
collected sludge samples were transported along with the core boxes to the core storage and
61
logging facility. After computing the core recovery, a decision was made whether to submit
the collected sludge samples for assay or not. The sludge samples not submitted for assay
were stored on site.
The locked core storage and logging facility was under the supervision of MRL Gold
personnel; usually a geologist, at all times. A village councilman guarded the core storage
and logging facility after logging and sampling hours.
The core boxes were laid on wooden structures with each box cleaned of dirt before
marking and box identification. Utmost care was taken during cleaning and marking. A
preliminary reconnaissance log of the core was then conducted, followed by a detailed
logging procedure to capture detailed information such as rock type, alteration,
mineralization, structures etc. A detailed graphical log was also drawn on site to assist in
visualizing the drill hole information. Additional markings were then applied to each core
box, such as rock type boundaries, structure boundaries etc.
Sample intervals were then decided upon by the authors based on the logging results, after
which the core boxes were carefully marked for the beginning and ending of each sample.
The sampling interval ranged from 0.10 m to 6.00 m. Core recovery factors were noted for
each drill run. Sample boundaries were determined based on a combination of lithology,
structure, alteration and mineralization characteristics.
During logging, the geologists marked sections of the core for splitting and personally
supervised and / or performed the sampling. The drill core was then split at the same site
using an electric-powered, water-cooled diamond-bladed Dembicon Core Cutter. Before
cutting, the cores were wrapped in aluminum foil or plastic to avoid breakage and any
possible contamination; one half returned to the core box, and the other half placed in
labeled plastic sample bags and sealed. Broken or soft sections of the core were sampled by
the geologists using a spatula and spoon before being placed in labeled plastic sample bags.
It is believed that the above procedures, under the direct supervision of the authors, ensured
that sample quality remained high throughout the drilling and sampling program.
All rock and drill core samples collected on site were double sealed in plastic sample bags
and documented using McPhar’s Samples Submission Forms before being transported to
McPhar Laboratory in Manila by MRL Gold personnel.
Secured sample bags are opened by McPhar supervisors only, at their laboratory in Makati
City, Metro Manila. All written instructions for sample preparation and analyses
accompanying the samples submission forms are received in their laboratory. A sample
tracking, quality control, and reporting system is maintained between MRL Gold and
McPhar.
McPhar Geoservices (Philippines) Inc. offers high quality sample preparation procedures.
It is an ISO 9002-certified laboratory and has been providing assay laboratory services to
both local and foreign exploration and mining companies for the past 31 years.
Drill core samples, weighing from 1 to 8 kilos each, and rock chip samples, weighing 1 to 3
kilos each are first dried, crushed to –1/4 “ size, and then split to obtain approximately 1
kilo of sample. The 1 kilo sample is then fine pulverized to –200 mesh. The –200 mesh is
62
sampled for fire assay; copper and silver, and in some instances for lead, zinc and
molybdenum analysis.
Sample analyses at McPhar Laboratory were done in the same location as the sample
preparation. The following table lists the sample analyses methodology:
Gold analyses were performed on 50-gram samples by fire assay operation. The 50-gram
sample is blended with appropriate flux and a reducing or oxidizing agent added. The
blended material is fused at about 10900C for approximately 1 hour. After cooling, the lead
button is separated from the slag. Depending on the size of the lead button (after placing
niter (an oxidizing agent)), the sample is subjected to roasting. A process called cupellation
at 8600 - 9000 C follows to produce the dore bead, which then undergoes parting and
washing in dilute nitric acid. Finally, annealing of the prill at 8000 C is applied to complete
the fire assay operation. The gold prill is then weighed in a microbalance with 0.001 mg
sensitivity.
Copper, silver, lead and zinc analyses were performed on 25-gram samples aqua regia
digestion method. 1 ml of concentrated HNO3 is added to the sample. The solution is then
heated until all the sulfides are evolved. After this, addition of 3 ml concentrated HCl
follows. Next the solution is heated in a boiling water bath for 4 hours. The sample is then
set to mark to 10 ml using 1N HCl then shaken and settled overnight. Finally, aspiration in
AAS is carried out to determine the copper, zinc and silver content.
Appendix 6 contains scanned copies of the original McPhar sample assay results.
Gold as the main element sought is the core basis for MRL Gold’s short to long-term
primary decisions; such as ranking of prospects, resource/reserve estimation and mine
development plans. Each step involves a larger capital expenditure. Therefore, to mitigate
risk due to incorrect assay data and to check McPhar’s (MRL Gold’s primary laboratory)
sample preparation and assaying standards, a QA/QC assessment was made on the gold
assay data set. Risks are reduced because MRL Gold can determine, monitor and ensure the
reliability of the assays as well as improve the sample preparation and assaying standards if
warranted. Furthermore, investment bankers, concerned government agencies, third party
engineering firms and other individuals outside the company may require QA/QC
procedures to determine their confidence in MRL Gold’s assay data.
Total QA/QC samples for Lobo Project and its vicinity as of end of April 2004 are 183
McPhar internal duplicate results, 9 blank samples and 35 check assays to Intertek (MRL
Gold’s secondary laboratory).
63
14.1 Duplicate Samples
Duplicate samples are used to measure and monitor precision from sampling to assaying.
The Mean Percent Difference (MPD) criterion was used supplemented by graphical
representation, such as duplicate scatter plots and cumulative frequency graph. No outliers
(extreme high and low values) were eliminated and relatively conservative results are
presented. MPD is the percent of the pair difference divided by the pair mean. The QA/QC
duplicate results in MPD (%) are summarized below:
The 2 sample domains used are rock samples consisting of chip, channel, float, trench or
core (Table 15) and sludge samples consisting of RC or DDH sludge (Table 16). As a rule
of thumb, if 90 % of the fine duplicate has an MPD within ± 10 % or an average MPD not
greater than 10 %, then the pulp grind, assay aliquot size and assay method can be described
as providing good precision. Similarly, if 90 % of the coarse duplicate has an MPD within
± 20 % or an average MPD not greater than 20 %, the preparation protocol and subsequent
assaying can be considered to provide good precision.
McPhar’s rock and sludge internal duplicate are below the 10 % threshold, with 5.2 % and
2.4 % respectively, passed the MPD test. Rate of rock and sludge re-check is good at 1:7
samples. The rock and sludge duplicate are plotted below as MPD cumulative frequency
chart and scatter plot as a visual tool to illustrate trends and the relationship between the
original and duplicate sample pairs.
60
Sample Pair MPD (%)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
n = 183, mean = 4.58, SD = 9.6, COV = 210 %, min < 0.005, max = 64.400
64
McPhar's Rock Fine Duplicate
70
60
+ 10 %
50
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Original (g/t Au)
14
12
Sample Pair MPD (%)
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
40
35
+ 10 %
30
Duplicate (g/t Au)
- 10 %
25
20
15
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
n = 34, mean = 7.18, SD = 10.9, COV = 152 %, min = 0.010, max = 39.113
The blind fine duplicate (Table 17) and coarse duplicate (Table 18) check samples to
Intertek failed the QA/QC. McPhar versus the Intertek’s fine and coarse duplicate MPD
65
yielded 19.1 % and 31.3 %, exceeding the 10 % and 20 % threshold respectively. However,
this is also due to some measurable bias that often exists between assay results performed
by different laboratories. The coarse duplicate database also needs to be augmented from
the current rate of 1:206 samples to at least 1:50 samples for results to be representative. In
conjunction with the fine duplicate MPD, a representative coarse duplicate can zero-in on
sample preparation error. The fine and coarse duplicate check samples to Intertek were also
plotted below for visual analysis of the data.
100
Sample Pair MPD (%)
80
60
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 10
n = 28, mean = 19.10, SD = 27.2, COV = 143 %, min = 0.100, max = 104.800
60
+ 10 %
50
- 10 %
Intertek (g/t Au)
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
66
Coarse Duplicate MPD Cumulative Frequency
90
80
70
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 50 10
1st vs 2nd Lab Percentile Rank
- 20 %
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Blank samples are used to monitor contamination in the sample preparation and analysis
stages. It is presented in a time sequential manner using a control chart. This will assure that
equipments are cleaned every after sample and no sample mix-ups or transcription errors are
reported.
Fine (pulp) blanks should return values less than or equal to twice the detection limit of 0.005
g/t Au while coarse blank material should not exceed three times the detection limit. Any
standard assay point that lies on or above the threshold value is deemed contaminated thus
failing the QA/QC protocol. Therefore, at MRL Gold’s option, any or all the batch result for
that blank sample may be rejected and the batch re-analyzed for the rejected element together
with a new blank standard.
67
Table 19: McPhar’s Blank Sample Results
Laboratory
g/t Au Batch
1 0.005 03-264
2 0.005 03-283
3 0.005 03-292
4 0.005 03-305
5 0.005 03-306
6 0.004 03-310
7 0.004 03-311
8 0.004 03-314
9 0.004 03-315
0.012
Blank g/t Au
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
McPhar’s blanks are 0.004 g/t Au or 0.005 g/t Au, passed the test and are all within
acceptable limit. However, rate of internal blanks should be increased from the current rate
of 1:150 to at least 1:50 samples.
Dry Bulk Density (DBD) is the method preferred and required for resource estimation and
hence the standard used by the exploration and mining industry. Suitable procedures were
first set in place for the SWB density test. Procedures may vary from deposit to deposit or
across any deposit. Sample representativity was sought through careful and consistent
implementation throughout the sampling program. Factors likely to affect sample
representativity include:
68
15.2 MRL Gold’s DBD Procedure
1. Strategically located and representative samples are taken from drill core, trench or
outcrops. Samples should at least be 5 cm across. Sample representativity factors to
consider for density test are:
a. Lithology and mineralogy
b. Porosity
c. Fracturing
d. Weathering
e. Mineralization and grades
f. Depth
2. Dust and loose material are removed using a soft brush.
3. The samples are dried in the sun for at least 1 week or oven dried at 100° - 110° for
48 hours (24 hours minimum).
4. Obtain the dry mass (Mdry) by weighing the sample on a triple beam balance at least
twice and average the results.
5. Determine the wax density (g/cc) to be used to coat the sample.
a. Find at least 2 small regular shaped container (e.g., right circular
cylinder)
b. Determine container’s dry weight and inner volume (e.g. π.r2.H)
c. Melt the wax and pour fully in the container then let the wax dry.
d. Determine the weight of the wax + container, and then subtract
container weight (item b) to isolate weight of wax.
e. Compute and average the 2 wax density: weight of item d ÷ volume
of item b.
6. Re-melt the same wax to coat the samples and let dry.
7. Determine the rock + wax weight (Wsample+wax).
8. Determine the rock + wax volume by averaging the ‘a’ and ‘b’ methods below.
a. Submerge the material in pre-determined volume of water (Vi) in a
graduated cylinder and note the final volume of water (Vf). Sample
(rock + wax) volume = Vf - Vi
b. As a check and balance, determine weight / volume of displaced
water. Directly convert volume of water (cc) into weight (g) using
water density of 1 g/cc:
i. Determine weight of empty graduated cylinder (Wcyl).
ii. Determine combined weight (com. weight) of: Vi +
graduated cylinder (Wcyl) + Wsample+wax (item 7).
iii. Determine weight of Vi = com. weight - Wcyl - Wsample+wax.
iv. Compute weight/volume of displaced water = weight Vf -
weight Vi.
9. Compute wax weight = Wsample+wax (item 7) - Mdry (item 4).
10. Compute wax volume = wax weight in g (item 9) ÷ wax density in g/cc (item 5).
11. Compute sample volume = rock + wax volume (item 8) – wax volume (item 10).
12. Compute sample density = Mdry (item 4) ÷ sample volume (item 11).
MRL’s 10 samples averaged 2.6 g/cc. This figure should be used in the resource estimate.
The results of MRL’s bulk density test are summarized in Table 20.
69
Table 20: MRL Gold’s Dry Bulk Density Calculation
DRY ROCK ROCK +
ROCK + WAX WAX WAX WAX ROCK
SAMPL MASS MASS VOLUME MASS VOLUM VOLUM DENSIT
E# (g) (g) (cc) (g) E (cc) E (cc) Y (g/cc)
LB-3 304.20 317.40 129.53 13.20 15.49 114.03 2.67
LB-4 174.70 181.60 72.25 6.90 8.10 64.15 2.72
LB-5 72.00 75.70 31.50 3.70 4.34 27.16 2.65
LB-6 43.20 44.60 19.80 1.40 1.64 18.16 2.38
LB-11 134.50 138.70 57.10 4.20 4.93 52.17 2.58
LB-14 180.50 189.10 82.35 8.60 10.09 72.26 2.50
LB-15 64.70 67.20 30.55 2.50 2.93 27.62 2.34
LB-21 43.90 45.30 17.60 1.40 1.64 15.96 2.75
LB-23 208.90 215.70 89.25 6.80 7.98 81.27 2.57
LB-24 156.60 161.40 68.05 4.80 5.63 62.42 2.51
Average 2.6
Both weight in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimeters (cc) were rounded-off to the
nearest 2 decimal places. Details such as description and assay values appear in Table 2.
Note that the sample volume includes pore spaces as stated in MRL Gold’s DBD
procedures above.
70
The histogram, shown below, is slightly positively skewed, either indicating that this is the
true nature of the data or there is a slight bias in density sampling a symmetrically
distributed SWB ore body.
Qtz-Bar-Py SWB:
Number of Samples
10 samples
2
0
2.251 - 2.336 - 2.421 - 2.506 - 2.591 - 2.676 - 2.761 -
2.336 2.421 2.506 2.591 2.676 2.761 2.846
Class Boundary
n = 10, ave = 2.6, min = 2.34, max = 2.75, SD = 0.14, COV = 5.3 %
There is an inversely proportional relationship in the grade (g/t gold) versus density
scattergram below. Grades therefore, can be attributed to an increase in voids caused by
one or a combination of the following scenarios: the controlling tensional structure further
opened to accommodate more gold mineralization, latter hydrothermal fluids leached some
of the rock mass or brecciation introduced better grade but more vuggy clasts and lighter
clay matrix within the ore body. Generally, voids are also related to more complex
mineralization, gold introducing events.
2.70
2.65
2.60
2.55
2.50
2.45
2.40
2.35
2.30
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
g/t Au
71
16.0 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS
The Lobo vein breccia systems are interpreted as epithermal mineralization related
to high level intrusive(s). Magmatic fluids were channeled by pre-existing,
generally, northeast-trending fault structures. The hydrothermal activity is believed
to be multi-episodic, wherein, repeated influx of the hydrothermal fluids caused
sealing and boiling, which enhanced secondary brecciation events. The episodic
fluid upflow may have resulted in rapid fluid pressure change - the best means of
inducing gold deposition. The colloform-crustiform banding is an excellent example
of textures caused by repeated sealing and boiling. In addition, multi-brecciation
and hydrofractured textures common at SWB attests to this. This process may have
occurred at the mixing zone where the acid fluids interacted with shallow neutral
fluids, with attendant deposition of barite, sulfides and gold.
Bailey (2003) states: “The Lobo project area hosts a classic high sulphidation
precious metal - copper epithermal system that is overprinted by low sulphidation
gold mineralization. Fluids, from which high sulfidation mineralization was
deposited, were channeled upwards along the intersection of northeasterly- and
northwesterly-striking dilatants structures from an underlying pluton. These fluids
were probably highly acid initially and dominated by metal chloro complexes in
solution at relatively high temperature. The resultant heat flux then caused the
establishment of circulating cells of meteoric water that cooled and diluted the
upwelling acid solutions to the point where chloro complexes were no longer stable
72
and the solutions were unable to transport base metals. Gold, however, continued to
remain in solution, probably as thio complexes (Au + HS-), to be deposited along
the northeasterly-striking structures in zones of hydrothermal brecciation.
Obviously there is a pluton at depth but of unknown size and, as yet, of unknown
depth.”
The Phase 1 and 2 drill programs have delineated a significant, near-surface gold
resource at SWB. The drill intersections within SWB are of good gold grade and
width. At the time of writing, a gold resource calculation for SWB is being carried
out. Figure 20 is a longitudinal section of SWB showing grade in relation to vein
breccia width.
In places there is post-ore faulting within SWB, which may influence grade. It
appears that within the vein breccia ore zone, there is a strong correlation between
the gold grade and the magnitude of the recorded post-ore faults. Post-ore faults
generated clays and introduced wall rock fragments into the mineralized vein
breccia that diluted the ore materials, thereby, lowering the gold grade (e.g., LB-13,
21). It is, however, strongly believed that beyond the clayey shear zones, massive
breccia zones containing high gold values will still be encountered at depth. This is
evidenced by the presence of some clasts/fragments within the sheared mineralized
section, which show texture and mineralization similar to those of the high grade
zones. The only difference is that, copper sulphides and appreciable base metal
sulphides become noticeable in the vein breccia at deeper levels. The presence of
these sulphides indicates transition into the deeper level of the mineralization
system. The down dip extensions of the mineralized breccia should be pursued
using reverse circulation drilling, or a larger diamond drill rig.
Unfortunately, it has not been possible to locate detailed mining records from the
Old Lobe Mine, and little is known about the mine. Summary reports and data
indicate the ore shoot contained high grades in the 2-6% range [according to an old
longitudinal section]. It is not known why mining ceased in 1969. It is possible the
high sulphidation copper-silver ore-shoot is open to depth. Orientation
electromagnetic surveying is proposed to test this possibility.
Further to the southwest along strike, in the West Drift area, drill testing will take
place to locate the reported gold “reserve” of 60,000 ozs. Quartz stockworks and
73
SW
NE
The ground magnetic survey delineated a continuous strong magnetic low signature
from the Old Lobo Mine to Bukal area, following the general course of Batang
Creek. This magnetic low anomaly is interpreted to be a zone of intense
hydrothermal alteration resulting in magnetite destruction. LB-30 was drilled within
this magnetic low zone and intersected sections with significant mineralization
associated with the strong alteration. It is apparent that other ore-shoots could be
intersected along the extensive magnetic low coincident with the Sampson Trend.
Extensive areas of erosional remnants of and in-situ silica ledges or silica cap, occur
above and alongside the vein breccia systems and elsewhere at Lobo (Figure 3).
These silica ledges, comprising pervasive and intense quartz-pyrite (± alunite clay)
mineral assemblages, have moderate to low grades (as seen to date), or are barren,
and were generated during an earlier proximal acid-sulphate alteration episode,
75
above the boiling zone. Boulder fields of such material are interpreted to be
residual.
Extensive silica sealing creates an impervious layer that allows fluid build-up,
leading to explosive venting, boiling and brecciation. This hydrothermal brecciation
process creates the appropriate secondary permeability required for an ore-grade
gold deposit to form. Secondary permeability might have also been provided by
porous “vuggy silica” formed during earlier acid leaching.
The exploration potential beneath these silica cap areas is considered high. These
probably represent intact acid caps to the hydrothermal systems, and the extension
of the boiling zone at depth.
In addition, the extensive Quaternary volcanic cover in the project area may obscure
epithermal mineralization below. The cover is thought to be thin in places, thus
mineralized targets beneath may be accessible to exploration.
76
present throughout Lobo Project strongly suggests that a magmatic source(s) is
present at shallow depth.
Other areas that show significant copper mineralization within the Lobo tenements,
and which may indicate a porphyry source at depth, include: FNE, where high
copper (up to 8.68 %) and silver (up to 1,792 g/t) values were obtained from float
samples; Nagtoctoc, where chip samples of outcrops show 7.3 % copper and 87 g/t
silver; and Pica Prospect. The latter prospect, although has not yielded significant
copper and gold grades, features extensive silica capping that signifies intense acid
leaching from magmatic derived fluids emanating from a possible porphyry
intrusive source at depth.
Several drill holes in SWB, located about 300 m southeast of the magnetic high
[interpreted intrusive], also revealed a number of clues that point to a mineralized
porphyry body somewhere at depth. For example, LB-13 intersected bleached
polymictic hydrothermal breccia showing pervasively intense clay-pyrite-(chlorite-
calcite) replacement. The pyrite crystals occur in very fine disseminations and
reaches up to 10 % of total rock volume. The presence of pervasive clay
replacement and the considerable amount of fine pyrite in the rock matrix, indicate
that the possible source of the mineralizing hydrothermal fluid is not too far. The
fluid is believed to have risen from a nearby intrusive. Polymictic breccias, though
less argillic, were also intersected in LB-21 (26m northeast of LB-13) and LB-28
(125m west of LB-13). The occurrence of hydrothermal breccias around the margin
of porphyry systems is a common feature in the Philippines and elsewhere in the
Asia Pacific region. The identified replacement sericite/illite- quartz- chlorite-clay
in host rock andesite in LB-17, suggests possible transition to phyllic (quartz-
sericite- pyrite) zone. Also, the recognition of chalcopyrite specks with tennantite/
tetrahedrite (± enargite) in LB-21 and LB-27 coupled with increasing base metals
(sphalerite>galena>chalcopyrite) towards the bottom of, for example, LB-17,
strongly suggests a mineralized intrusive nearby.
Other trends that warrant follow-up for porphyry targets include the Nagtoctoc and
Pica Prospects. These are co-parallel and similar in nature to Sampson and Camo
Prospects. Nagtoctoc Prospect is a breccia-vein complex associated with quartz-
clay-barite gangue and an advanced argillic altered (kaolinite) envelope. An
aeromagnetic high anomaly coincides with this prospect, which suggests there may
be a porphyry target at depth as well.
17.0 RECOMENDATIONS
77
• Additional detailed exploration along the Camo Trend to delineate drill targets.
The objective is to find another swell portion of the vein-breccia (similar to
SWB zone) along the 2 km potential strike and increase the gold resource. This
will also determine the extent of the Japanese Tunnel mineralization as revealed
in LB-08 and LB-09.
• Parallel computer generated resource calculation of SWB zone.
• Drilling to test the down-dip extension of SWB.
• Orientation induced polarization over the magnetic anomaly between the West
Drift-SWB areas
• Drilling in West Drift area to locate and evaluate the reported high grade gold
resource in the Old Lobo Mine.
• Drilling the West Drift area porphyry target
17.3 Acacia
• Continued prospecting mapping and definition of all vein breccia trends and
silica cap at Lobo.
• Orientation soil geochemistry survey
• Pitting and trenching of high-potential prospects
• Drilling of best targets
• Evaluation of aeromagnetic anomalies for their porphyry copper-gold potential
(geochemical, geological and geophysical surveying)
• It is recommended that McPhar’s fine and coarse rejects be re-tagged and re-
assayed as blind duplicate by the same laboratory. The blind fine and coarse
duplicate should be done at least 1:50 (2 %) samples.
• It is recommended that MRL Gold prepare its own in-house blanks for
insertion at the rate of 1:50 samples.
• To measure and monitor assaying accuracy as well as precision, MRL Gold
should supplement its QA/QC program using Standard Reference Material
(SRM). SRM has extremely low heterogeneity, reliably prepared, accurately
characterized, has similar required element mineralogy with the venture area,
and has grade values within the range of the project. This can either be
purchased commercially (quick implementation and for short term projects)
or prepared ‘in-house’ (cost-effective and for long term projects).
78
18.0 REFERENCES
Avila, Emil Jr. 1980. Report on the geology and mineral resources of southern Batangas
covering Lobo, Batangas City, Malabrigo and San Juan Quadrangles. Bureau of Mines and
Geosciences Technical Information Series No. 14-80.
Comsti, M.C., 2003. Petrographic and mineragraphic analysis samples from Lobo,
Batangas property of MRL Gold Philippines, Inc. (in Appendix 4).
Haynes, Mike 1999. Interpretation of Taysan aeromagnetic data, Lobo project, the
Philippines. Billiton Philippines internal report. 11 p.
Mines and Geosciences Bureau, 1984. Geology and mineral deposits of the Philippines.
Volume II.
Philippine Mining News, 1953. Pan Philippines Corporation: Milling plant under
consideration. pp 24-29.
Robertshaw, Phil, 2004, Interpretation of Ground Magnetic Survey Data, MRL Gold
Phils., Inc., Internal Report, 2 p.
Ruelo, H.B. and F. Lab-oyan, 2003. Comments on Kay Tanda Drillcore Re-Logging.
MRL Gold Philippines, Internal Report. 15 p.
Ruelo, H.B. and J. A. Climie, 2002. Reconnaissance Mineral Property Evaluation of the
Lobo Project, Batangas Province, Philippines. Mindoro Resources Ltd. Technical Report-
September 10, 2002. 21 p.
79
APPENDIX 1
80
Appendix 1A
81
Date: Sat, 17 Jan 2004 16:07:56 -0700
From: Phil Robertshaw <phil@explorationGIS.com>
Subject: RE: Lobo mag data
To: 'Tony Climie' <tony@mindoro.com>
Organization: Exploration GIS
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook, Build 10.0.2627
Importance: Normal
X-Note: incoming, from phil@explorationGIS.com to tony@mindoro.com,
01/17/2004 14:05:12 PT, Db18800fa00d06e3c.SMD, 0u, IPNOTINMX
X-RCPT-TO: <tony@mindoro.com>
Tony:
Here are the results of what I have accomplished to date. The stacked profiles of ground mag and
topography are contained in 2 figures. I have also contoured the corrected mag dataand elevation
values. I am including a model section (line 10000 N) which contains a very prominent (1000 nT)
mag low.
Phil
_______________________________________________
CANADA
www.explorationGIS.com
GROUND MAG DATA
EAST NORTH EAST_G NORTH_G ELEV MAG1 MAGFin
309795.1508 1509752.3040 9462.5 9800 163.4 41502 41574
309601.5687 1510028.7680 9125 9800 73.3 41239 41267
310087.2471 1509683.9890 9687.5 10000 208.3 41298.76 41290.11
310431.0757 1509541.4170 10000 10200 142 40944.42 40953.2
310158.6269 1509930.5140 9525 10200 178.6 40933.34 40952.25
309936.3660 1510247.9360 9137.5 10200 151.9 41839.77 41859.59
310580.3844 1509676.4840 9987.5 10400 180.4 41577.71 41584.81
310143.0324 1510301.0870 9262.5 10400 155.7 40961.68 40969.15
310779.9710 1509739.9370 10037.5 10600 233.5 40926.36 40958.44
310335.4492 1510374.7800 9262.5 10600 156.4 41165.67 41215.91
310707.3417 1510192.2850 9625 10800 195.3 41614.89 41661.58
310528.0991 1510448.2700 9312.5 10800 207.4 41619.87 41682.31
310449.2323 1510560.9030 9175 10800 213.8 41087.59 41151.04
310870.9088 1510307.1820 9625 11000 213.9 41171.39 41213.06
310770.5330 1510450.5340 9450 11000 282.2 40542.11 40611.46
311134.9742 1510278.8410 9800 11200 220.7 39980.32 39993.21
311234.6179 1510485.5550 9687.5 11400 321 41043.26 41075.07
311055.3753 1510741.5400 9375 11400 358 41609.5 41634.29
310954.9994 1510884.8920 9200 11400 277.8 41398.98 41427.32
UTM LOCAL McPhar MAG survey
COORDINATES GRID COORDINATES reading
MAG reading
EAST NORTH EAST NORTH ELEV MAG reading corrected
309939.5 1509197 10000.0 9600 179.1 40308 40362
309932.4 1509207 9987.5 9600 179.1 40331 40386
309925.2 1509218 9975.0 9600 179.1 40360 40416
309918 1509228 9962.5 9600 171.1 40389 40444
309910.9 1509238 9950.0 9600 173.9 40396 40454
309903.7 1509248 9937.5 9600 176.7 40406 40464
309896.5 1509259 9925.0 9600 176.0 40399 40457
309889.4 1509269 9912.5 9600 175.4 40379 40438
309882.2 1509279 9900.0 9600 173.0 40393 40452
309875 1509289 9887.5 9600 156.6 40413 40470
309867.8 1509300 9875.0 9600 151.4 40379 40437
309860.7 1509310 9862.5 9600 146.2 40446 40503
309853.5 1509320 9850.0 9600 137.5 40495 40553
309846.3 1509330 9837.5 9600 125.1 40537 40594
309839.2 1509341 9825.0 9600 122.1 40470 40527
309832 1509351 9812.5 9600 103.9 40181 40240
309824.8 1509361 9800.0 9600 100.7 40659 40719
309817.7 1509371 9787.5 9600 97.5 40882 40940
309810.5 1509382 9775.0 9600 87.4 40732 40791
309803.3 1509392 9762.5 9600 77.2 40690 40749
309796.1 1509402 9750.0 9600 76.2 40691 40748
309789 1509412 9737.5 9600 75.2 40671 40729
309781.8 1509423 9725.0 9600 74.5 40656 40714
309774.6 1509433 9712.5 9600 77.6 40651 40710
309767.5 1509443 9700.0 9600 78.5 40623 40681
309760.3 1509453 9687.5 9600 79.3 40631 40690
309753.1 1509463 9675.0 9600 83.2 40585 40645
309746 1509474 9662.5 9600 90.1 40568 40627
309738.8 1509484 9650.0 9600 94.9 40563 40623
309731.6 1509494 9637.5 9600 99.6 40512 40571
309724.5 1509504 9625.0 9600 103.5 40380 40439
309717.3 1509515 9612.5 9600 104.3 40354 40412
309710.1 1509525 9600.0 9600 112.4 40343 40401
309702.9 1509535 9587.5 9600 117.4 40389 40447
309695.8 1509545 9575.0 9600 124.6 40433 40491
309688.6 1509556 9562.5 9600 136.0 40471 40529
309681.4 1509566 9550.0 9600 140.7 40515 40573
309674.3 1509576 9537.5 9600 150.8 40523 40580
309667.1 1509586 9525.0 9600 153.7 40527 40584
309659.9 1509597 9512.5 9600 154.2 40427 40484
309652.8 1509607 9500.0 9600 149.1 40385 40443
309645.6 1509617 9487.5 9600 133.0 40470 40529
309638.4 1509627 9475.0 9600 129.8 40508 40567
309631.2 1509638 9462.5 9600 120.5 40497 40556
309624.1 1509648 9450.0 9600 112.9 40546 40605
309616.9 1509658 9437.5 9600 105.2 40583 40641
309609.7 1509668 9425.0 9600 99.0 40587 40645
309602.6 1509678 9412.5 9600 92.0 40592 40649
309595.4 1509689 9400.0 9600 87.4 40577 40634
309588.2 1509699 9387.5 9600 94.3 40556 40613
309581.1 1509709 9375.0 9600 98.6 40546 40603
309573.9 1509719 9362.5 9600 110.9 40547 40603
309566.7 1509730 9350.0 9600 113.0 40521 40578
309559.5 1509740 9337.5 9600 112.5 40510 40567
309552.4 1509750 9325.0 9600 108.5 40514 40571
309545.2 1509760 9312.5 9600 101.2 40482 40539
309538 1509771 9300.0 9600 95.1 40472 40529
309530.9 1509781 9287.5 9600 83.2 40555 40613
309523.7 1509791 9275.0 9600 80.5 40555 40612
309516.5 1509801 9262.5 9600 75.5 40573 40630
309509.4 1509812 9250.0 9600 72.1 40598 40654
309502.2 1509822 9237.5 9600 68.6 40607 40662
309495 1509832 9225.0 9600 77.8 40582 40636
309487.9 1509842 9212.5 9600 81.5 40559 40613
309480.7 1509853 9200.0 9600 86.0 40567 40620
309473.5 1509863 9187.5 9600 90.4 40549 40603
309466.3 1509873 9175.0 9600 92.2 40520 40575
309459.2 1509883 9162.5 9600 95.0 40456 40510
309452 1509894 9150.0 9600 93.7 40460 40513
309444.8 1509904 9137.5 9600 88.7 40436 40489
309437.7 1509914 9125.0 9600 83.1 40615 40668
309430.5 1509924 9112.5 9600 77.5 40666 40721
309423.3 1509934 9100.0 9600 75.3 40767 40824
309416.2 1509945 9087.5 9600 71.7 40705 40761
309409 1509955 9075.0 9600 66.1 40745 40801
309401.8 1509965 9062.5 9600 61.7 40690 40747
309394.6 1509975 9050.0 9600 43.3 40719 40777
309387.5 1509986 9037.5 9600 24.9 40536 40595
310103.4 1509312 10000 9800 124.0 40464 40528
310096.3 1509322 9987.5 9800 117.5 40540 40603
310089.1 1509332 9975 9800 112.5 40633 40696
310081.9 1509343 9962.5 9800 111.6 40578 40640
310074.8 1509353 9950 9800 111.6 40624 40687
310067.6 1509363 9937.5 9800 108.3 40649 40712
310060.4 1509373 9925 9800 106.3 40685 40748
310053.3 1509384 9912.5 9800 106.1 40566 40629
310046.1 1509394 9900 9800 102.2 40600 40663
310038.9 1509404 9887.5 9800 98.4 40737 40800
310031.8 1509414 9875 9800 96.4 40755 40818
310024.6 1509425 9862.5 9800 102.0 40816 40879
310017.4 1509435 9850 9800 106.0 40796 40859
310010.2 1509445 9837.5 9800 111.7 40817 40880
310003.1 1509455 9825 9800 117.7 40742 40806
309995.9 1509466 9812.5 9800 121.4 40707 40770
309988.7 1509476 9800 9800 129.4 40712 40776
309981.6 1509486 9787.5 9800 125.4 40720 40784
309974.4 1509496 9775 9800 134.5 40701 40765
309967.2 1509507 9762.5 9800 139.0 40654 40718
309960.1 1509517 9750 9800 141.5 40651 40714
309952.9 1509527 9737.5 9800 147.5 40685 40748
309945.7 1509537 9725 9800 154.2 40718 40780
309938.5 1509548 9712.5 9800 161.0 40705 40767
309931.4 1509558 9700 9800 167.0 40754 40816
309924.2 1509568 9687.5 9800 173.9 40783 40846
309917 1509578 9675 9800 182.6 40762 40824
309909.9 1509588 9662.5 9800 191.3 40743 40802
309902.7 1509599 9650 9800 197.4 40720 40778
309895.5 1509609 9637.5 9800 204.6 40731 40788
309888.4 1509619 9625 9800 215.8 40747 40804
309881.2 1509629 9612.5 9800 230.0 40713 40770
309874 1509640 9600 9800 227.6 40658 40714
309866.8 1509650 9587.5 9800 227.6 40674 40730
309859.7 1509660 9575 9800 227.2 40666 40721
309852.5 1509670 9562.5 9800 224.6 40638 40694
309845.3 1509681 9550 9800 220.9 40648 40704
309838.2 1509691 9537.5 9800 215.1 40638 40699
309831 1509701 9525 9800 198.8 40777 40842
309823.8 1509711 9512.5 9800 197.1 40833 40898
309816.7 1509722 9500 9800 178.2 40949 41014
309809.5 1509732 9487.5 9800 172.2 41086 41152
309802.3 1509742 9475 9800 165.4 41350 41422
309795.2 1509752 9462.5 9800 163.4 41502 41574
309788 1509763 9450 9800 162.8 41109 41181
309780.8 1509773 9437.5 9800 169.5 41063 41136
309773.6 1509783 9425 9800 175.5 40129 40202
309766.5 1509793 9412.5 9800 176.8 40229 40255
309759.3 1509804 9400.0 9800 177.3 40091 40116
309752.1 1509814 9387.5 9800 183.0 40279 40305
309745 1509824 9375.0 9800 181.9 40310 40337
309737.8 1509834 9362.5 9800 179.3 40216 40244
309730.6 1509844 9350.0 9800 175.5 40378 40407
309723.5 1509855 9337.5 9800 173.4 39890 39920
309716.3 1509865 9325.0 9800 174.1 40006 40036
309709.1 1509875 9312.5 9800 170.3 39950 39981
309701.9 1509885 9300.0 9800 164.8 40024 40057
309694.8 1509896 9287.5 9800 159.1 40118 40151
309687.6 1509906 9275.0 9800 157.2 40163 40196
309680.4 1509916 9262.5 9800 152.7 40119 40151
309673.3 1509926 9250.0 9800 148.7 40339 40370
309666.1 1509937 9237.5 9800 141.8 40412 40443
309658.9 1509947 9225.0 9800 133.6 40569 40600
309651.8 1509957 9212.5 9800 126.5 40585 40615
309644.6 1509967 9200.0 9800 119.2 40502 40531
309637.4 1509978 9187.5 9800 114.0 40575 40603
309630.2 1509988 9175.0 9800 107.7 40470 40497
309623.1 1509998 9162.5 9800 99.9 40503 40530
309615.9 1510008 9150.0 9800 88.5 40779 40807
309608.7 1510019 9137.5 9800 80.2 41157 41184
309601.6 1510029 9125.0 9800 73.3 41239 41267
309594.4 1510039 9112.5 9800 72.3 41137 41164
309587.2 1510049 9100.0 9800 73.3 40981 41011
309580.1 1510059 9087.5 9800 74.2 40959 40990
309572.9 1510070 9075.0 9800 75.8 40866 40899
309565.7 1510080 9062.5 9800 77.3 40813 40847
309558.6 1510090 9050.0 9800 80.3 40765 40800
309551.4 1510100 9037.5 9800 84.3 40746 40782
309544.2 1510111 9025.0 9800 89.4 40749 40787
309537 1510121 9012.5 9800 93.5 40745 40784
309529.9 1510131 9000.0 9800 97.5 40738 40778
309522.7 1510141 8987.5 9800 99.4 40723 40763
309515.5 1510152 8975.0 9800 99.4 40730 40772
309508.4 1510162 8962.5 9800 100.0 40761 40803
309501.2 1510172 8950.0 9800 99.4 40822 40865
309494 1510182 8937.5 9800 100.9 40871 40915
309486.9 1510193 8925.0 9800 109.5 40808 40853
309479.7 1510203 8912.5 9800 111.1 40772 40817
309472.5 1510213 8900.0 9800 119.1 40753 40798
309465.3 1510223 8887.5 9800 127.0 40742 40788
309458.2 1510234 8875.0 9800 131.5 40738 40784
309451 1510244 8862.5 9800 138.8 40755 40798
309443.8 1510254 8850.0 9800 147.8 40771 40812
309436.7 1510264 8837.5 9800 156.8 40775 40815
309429.5 1510275 8825.0 9800 168.6 40759 40797
309422.3 1510285 8812.5 9800 174.9 40755 40791
309415.2 1510295 8800.0 9800 187.2 40744 40778
309408 1510305 8787.5 9800 200.8 40734 40765
309400.8 1510315 8775.0 9800 205.6 40709 40741
309393.6 1510326 8762.5 9800 211.2 40693 40724
309386.5 1510336 8750.0 9800 214.6 40677 40708
309379.3 1510346 8737.5 9800 218.0 40667 40701
309372.1 1510356 8725.0 9800 219.1 40638 40672
309365 1510367 8712.5 9800 228.4 40631 40663
309357.8 1510377 8700.0 9800 228.9 40627 40657
310267.4 1509427 10000 10000 137.1 40665.28 40668.39
310260.2 1509437 9987.5 10000 133.3 40516.07 40519.67
310253 1509447 9975 10000 129.3 40497.69 40501.66
310245.8 1509457 9962.5 10000 125.3 40779.83 40784.42
310238.7 1509468 9950 10000 121.3 40559.35 40564.54
310231.5 1509478 9937.5 10000 117.3 40593.59 40597.74
310224.3 1509488 9925 10000 115.9 40713.04 40716.68
310217.2 1509498 9912.5 10000 115.9 40827.37 40830.66
310202.8 1509519 9900 10000 115.9 40744.34 40746.45
310195.7 1509529 9887.5 10000 132.5 40788.28 40827.52
310188.5 1509539 9875 10000 134.5 40668.05 40703.11
310181.3 1509550 9862.5 10000 137.6 40693.61 40728.7
310174.1 1509560 9850 10000 142.6 40679.49 40715.16
310167 1509570 9837.5 10000 147.7 40750.78 40786.39
310159.8 1509580 9825 10000 151.8 40627.55 40663.61
310152.6 1509591 9812.5 10000 155.3 40760.67 40796.6
310145.5 1509601 9800 10000 158.1 40771.56 40807.6
310138.3 1509611 9787.5 10000 160.7 40760.72 40796.32
310131.1 1509621 9775 10000 166.9 40734.02 40769.81
310124 1509632 9762.5 10000 173.0 40742.59 40778.86
310116.8 1509642 9750 10000 178.0 40909.13 40945.72
310109.6 1509652 9737.5 10000 183.0 40867.17 40903.69
310102.4 1509662 9725 10000 189.7 40637.52 40673.41
310095.3 1509673 9712 10000 196.3 40904.36 40940.25
310088.1 1509683 9700 10000 203.0 41124.37 41117.44
310087.2 1509684 9687.5 10000 208.3 41298.76 41290.11
310080.1 1509694 9675 10000 217.5 41046.56 41037.28
310072.9 1509704 9662.5 10000 224.5 40988.57 40979.1
310065.7 1509715 9650 10000 233.8 40913.02 40904.98
310058.6 1509725 9637.5 10000 240.9 40859.79 40853.74
310051.4 1509735 9625 10000 245.4 40796.53 40792.27
310044.2 1509745 9612.5 10000 247.8 40792.2 40789.15
310037.1 1509756 9600 10000 251.4 40731.86 40729.5
310029.9 1509766 9587.5 10000 261.3 40525.35 40521.63
310022.7 1509776 9575 10000 264.9 40399.17 40394.91
310015.6 1509786 9562.5 10000 263.1 40329.8 40325.19
310008.4 1509797 9550 10000 261.7 40196.16 40191.08
310001.2 1509807 9537.5 10000 255.6 40087.94 40082.11
309994 1509817 9525 10000 249.2 40056.38 40050.25
309986.9 1509827 9512.5 10000 237.7 39957.34 39948.73
309979.7 1509838 9500 10000 231.4 39890.72 39880.52
309972.5 1509848 9487.5 10000 225.6 39923.16 39910.94
309965.4 1509858 9475 10000 220.0 40013.45 39999.92
309958.2 1509868 9462.5 10000 216.5 40149.65 40135.76
309951 1509879 9450 10000 214.2 40142.17 40128.65
309943.9 1509889 9437.5 10000 211.1 40147.65 40133.83
309936.7 1509899 9425 10000 200.2 40229.32 40216.01
309929.5 1509909 9412.5 10000 192.5 40275.49 40263.17
309922.3 1509919 9400 10000 186.5 40382.6 40370.56
309915.2 1509930 9387.5 10000 179.6 40467.88 40455.03
309908 1509940 9375 10000 170.9 40587.92 40575.8
309900.8 1509950 9362.5 10000 163.3 40522.46 40512.78
309893.7 1509960 9350 10000 154.7 40640.78 40632.45
309886.5 1509971 9337.5 10000 143.6 40584.27 40578.08
309879.3 1509981 9325 10000 127.6 40767.85 40762.15
309872.2 1509991 9312.5 10000 119.9 40915.18 40908.73
309865 1510001 9300 10000 111.1 40706.3 40700.55
309857.8 1510012 9287.5 10000 115.5 40754.38 40746.58
309850.6 1510022 9275 10000 110.2 40985.55 40977.66
309843.5 1510032 9262.5 10000 103.4 41061.01 41053.28
309836.3 1510042 9250 10000 95.7 41016.15 41008.31
309829.1 1510053 9237.5 10000 88.7 40974.97 40967.29
309822 1510063 9225 10000 82.4 41020.49 41011.88
309814.8 1510073 9212.5 10000 76.0 40998.09 40989.3
309807.6 1510083 9200 10000 78.8 41017.26 41008.68
309800.5 1510094 9187.5 10000 77.6 40994.77 40986.01
309793.3 1510104 9175 10000 76.7 40874.06 40864.92
309786.1 1510114 9162.5 10000 74.7 40692.69 40684.66
309778.9 1510124 9150 10000 72.7 40856.12 40847.77
309771.8 1510135 9137.5 10000 70.7 41157.82 41146.09
309764.6 1510145 9125 10000 67.3 41250.06 41235.29
309757.4 1510155 9112.5 10000 68.4 41240.31 41221.88
309750.3 1510165 9100 10000 70.9 41194.67 41173.81
309743.1 1510175 9087.5 10000 74.4 41136.4 41112.08
309735.9 1510186 9075 10000 76.3 41125.6 41100
309728.8 1510196 9062.5 10000 79.7 41078.93 41054.98
309721.6 1510206 9050 10000 78.3 41100.31 41079.76
309714.4 1510216 9037.5 10000 80.1 41073.39 41057.35
309707.3 1510227 9025 10000 78.0 41090.18 41075.96
309700.1 1510237 9012.5 10000 81.1 41025.44 41012.99
309692.9 1510247 9000 10000 81.2 41075.1 41063.59
309685.7 1510257 8987.5 10000 83.9 40984.15 40973.67
309678.6 1510268 8975 10000 88.3 40832.85 40821.46
309671.4 1510278 8962.5 10000 95.6 40750.79 40800.84
309664.2 1510288 8950 10000 100.2 40745.29 40795.52
309657.1 1510298 8937.5 10000 108.7 40736.34 40786.11
309649.9 1510309 8925 10000 112.6 40726.52 40776.5
309642.7 1510319 8912.5 10000 116.6 40697.13 40747.46
309635.6 1510329 8900 10000 121.2 40661.96 40712.69
309628.4 1510339 8887.5 10000 124.9 40641.13 40692.46
309621.2 1510350 8875 10000 131.9 40641.46 40693.43
309614 1510360 8862.5 10000 140.3 40645.19 40697.16
309606.9 1510370 8850 10000 142.3 40655.85 40707.89
309599.7 1510380 8837.5 10000 145.1 40663.02 40714.68
309592.5 1510391 8825 10000 150.4 40671.44 40723.6
309585.4 1510401 8812.5 10000 150.7 40683 40735.58
309578.2 1510411 8800 10000 152.9 40671.96 40724.89
309571 1510421 8787.5 10000 154.7 40730.54 40782.62
309563.9 1510431 8775 10000 160.1 40762.88 40814.86
309556.7 1510442 8762.5 10000 165.8 40826.3 40878.16
309549.5 1510452 8750 10000 172.9 40686.94 40739.25
309542.3 1510462 8737.5 10000 189.1 40633.57 40687.33
309535.2 1510472 8725 10000 196.6 40665.99 40721.82
309528 1510483 8712.5 10000 200.9 40654.41 40711.39
309520.8 1510493 8700 10000 201.7 40642.88 40700.43
309513.7 1510503 8687.5 10000 199.8 40643.6 40701.19
309506.5 1510513 8675 10000 201.6 40620.49 40677.33
310349.2 1509484 10000 10100 142.8 40735.57 40761.11
310342 1509494 9987.5 10100 142.8 40555.88 40581.15
310334.8 1509505 9975 10100 126.7 40792.5 40818.51
310327.7 1509515 9962.5 10100 126.7 40932.39 40958.32
310320.5 1509525 9950 10100 126.7 41071.72 41097.81
310313.3 1509535 9937.5 10100 126.7 40716.41 40741.07
310306.2 1509546 9925 10100 126.7 40664.37 40688.92
310299 1509556 9912.5 10100 130.9 40641.91 40666.73
310291.8 1509566 9900 10100 134.9 40886.53 40912.05
310284.6 1509576 9887.5 10100 134.9 40801.98 40828.02
310277.5 1509586 9875 10100 134.9 40862.02 40888.41
310270.3 1509597 9862.5 10100 138.9 40748.02 40774.9
310263.1 1509607 9850 10100 142.9 40467.91 40495.13
310256 1509617 9837.5 10100 142.9 40755.85 40782.6
310248.8 1509627 9825 10100 148.3 40831.83 40858.08
310241.6 1509638 9812.5 10100 148.3 40900.29 40926.93
310234.5 1509648 9800 10100 152.7 40826 40853.17
310418.8 1509472 10050 10150 156.2 40750.57 40766.37
310422.4 1509467 10056.25 10150 156.2 40674.39 40689.96
310426 1509462 10062.5 10150 150.8 40693.55 40708.7
310429.6 1509456 10068.75 10150 160.2 40720.87 40735.82
310433.2 1509451 10075 10150 169.5 40717.87 40732.58
310436.7 1509446 10081.25 10150 172.9 40707.76 40722.06
310440.3 1509441 10087.5 10150 174.3 40632.1 40646.5
310443.9 1509436 10093.75 10150 175.8 40357.32 40371.04
310447.5 1509431 10100 10150 186.9 40146.07 40158.88
310451.1 1509426 10106.25 10150 198.1 40194.01 40206.37
310431.1 1509541 10000 10200 142.0 40944.42 40953.2
310423.9 1509552 9987.5 10200 144.8 41619.35 41628.25
310416.7 1509562 9975 10200 142.1 40591.8 40601.25
310409.6 1509572 9962.5 10200 146.8 40513.4 40522.61
310402.4 1509582 9950 10200 150.4 40507.47 40516.88
310395.2 1509593 9937.5 10200 154.1 40604.52 40613.77
310388.1 1509603 9925 10200 157.8 40627.89 40637.34
310380.9 1509613 9912.5 10200 161.4 40692.07 40701.45
310373.7 1509623 9900 10200 169.6 40756.31 40770.76
310366.5 1509634 9887.5 10200 186.6 40777.22 40793.35
310359.4 1509644 9875 10200 186.6 40764.88 40781.29
310352.2 1509654 9862.5 10200 186.6 40616.02 40632.73
310345 1509664 9850 10200 186.6 40518.51 40535.27
310337.9 1509675 9837.5 10200 186.6 40595.52 40611.93
310330.7 1509685 9825 10200 186.6 40726.21 40742.99
310323.5 1509695 9812.5 10200 186.6 40730.62 40746.82
310316.4 1509705 9800 10200 186.6 40761.88 40778.18
310309.2 1509715 9787.5 10200 188.4 40752.89 40768.93
310302 1509726 9775 10200 188.4 40791.62 40807.02
310294.9 1509736 9762.5 10200 188.4 40833.6 40848.09
310287.7 1509746 9750 10200 190.5 40841.22 40855.69
310280.5 1509756 9737.5 10200 192.7 40861.55 40875.72
310273.3 1509767 9725 10200 194.3 40828.84 40843.23
310266.2 1509777 9712.5 10200 199.8 40799.95 40814.45
310259 1509787 9700 10200 202.4 40739.04 40753.63
310251.8 1509797 9687.5 10200 205.1 40674.86 40689.89
310244.7 1509808 9675 10200 211.5 40630.63 40645.99
310237.5 1509818 9662.5 10200 216.4 40547.23 40562.87
310230.3 1509828 9650 10200 222.5 40519.73 40535.93
310223.2 1509838 9637.5 10200 226.9 40480.3 40496.42
310216 1509849 9625 10200 232.7 40010.82 40027.13
310208.8 1509859 9612.5 10200 228.6 40062.58 40080.03
310201.6 1509869 9600 10200 216.2 40224.74 40241.83
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310173 1509910 9550 10200 189.4 40412.05 40430.02
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310008.1 1510146 9262.5 10200 119.1 41128.05 41148.2
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309965 1510207 9187.5 10200 118.3 41362.84 41381.63
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309922 1510268 9112.5 10200 164.7 41228.82 41268.46
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309893.3 1510309 9062.5 10200 188.0 40629.93 40671.02
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309879 1510330 9037.5 10200 191.6 40710.83 40752.91
309871.8 1510340 9025 10200 189.7 40670.15 40712.53
309864.7 1510350 9012.5 10200 189.7 40875.34 40917.93
309857.5 1510361 9000 10200 189.7 40723.59 40766.34
309850.3 1510371 8987.5 10200 189.7 40367.49 40410.37
309843.2 1510381 8975 10200 189.7 40616 40659.13
309836 1510391 8962.5 10200 190.4 40479.05 40522.67
309828.8 1510402 8950 10200 191.4 40596.1 40639.82
309821.7 1510412 8937.5 10200 195.4 40623.95 40667.81
309814.5 1510422 8925 10200 200.5 40860.54 40904.6
309807.3 1510432 8912.5 10200 205.6 40844.77 40888.99
309800.1 1510442 8900 10200 210.6 40590.07 40634.56
309793 1510453 8887.5 10200 215.5 40464.22 40508.69
309785.8 1510463 8875 10200 220.7 40627.53 40672.09
309778.6 1510473 8862.5 10200 220.7 40730.64 40775.15
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309757.1 1510504 8825 10200 216.2 40594.32 40638.23
309750 1510514 8812.5 10200 216.2 40635.86 40679.78
309742.8 1510524 8800 10200 216.2 40689.26 40732.9
309735.6 1510535 8787.5 10200 214.6 40696.57 40739.92
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309721.3 1510555 8762.5 10200 209.8 40756.1 40798.86
309714.1 1510565 8750 10200 208.6 40661.82 40704.16
309706.9 1510576 8737.5 10200 211.5 40627.41 40669.45
309699.8 1510586 8725 10200 216.8 40637.64 40679.39
309692.6 1510596 8712.5 10200 216.8 40645.45 40686.71
309685.4 1510606 8700 10200 216.8 40613.69 40654.58
309678.3 1510617 8687.5 10200 216.8 40739.34 40779.75
309671.1 1510627 8675 10200 216.8 40655.97 40695.92
310512.9 1509599 10000 10300 168.0 40798.25 40837.44
310516.5 1509594 10006.25 10300 170.0 40729.74 40768.9
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310538 1509563 10043.75 10300 182.0 40564.79 40604.23
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310552.4 1509542 10068.75 10300 190.0 40350.99 40390.53
310556 1509537 10075 10300 192.0 40321.28 40360.77
310559.5 1509532 10081.25 10300 194.0 40449.52 40489.07
310563.1 1509527 10087.5 10300 196.0 40405.61 40445.16
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310573.9 1509512 10100 10300 204.8 40200.76 40240.12
310581 1509501 10112.5 10300 211.6 40204.54 40244.25
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310602.6 1509471 10150 10300 232.0 40281.71 40322.3
310609.7 1509461 10162.5 10300 238.8 40320.3 40360.92
310616.9 1509450 10175 10300 245.6 40342.86 40383.74
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310631.2 1509430 10200 10300 259.2 40495.47 40536.8
310638.4 1509420 10212.5 10300 266.0 40473.25 40514.89
310645.6 1509409 10225 10300 272.8 40496.97 40538.95
310652.7 1509399 10237.5 10300 279.6 40426.82 40469.18
310659.9 1509389 10250 10300 286.4 40460.84 40503.4
310667.1 1509379 10262.5 10300 293.2 40465.46 40508.27
310674.3 1509368 10275 10300 300.0 40494.39 40537.41
310681.4 1509358 10287.5 10300 311.0 40436.59 40479.9
310688.6 1509348 10300 10300 322.0 40481.1 40524.63
310695.8 1509338 10312.5 10300 333.0 40438.92 40482.62
310702.9 1509327 10325 10300 350.0 40526.14 40570.13
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310724.4 1509297 10362.5 10300 333.0 40645.42 40689.68
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310745.9 1509266 10400 10300 300.0 40588.56 40633.21
310652.1 1509574 10100 10400 241.1 40419.46 40429.79
310648.5 1509579 10093.75 10400 238.5 40422.76 40433.02
310644.9 1509584 10081.25 10400 233.0 40420.68 40430.94
310641.4 1509589 10075 10400 227.5 40455.44 40465.68
310637.8 1509595 10068.75 10400 222.0 40426.41 40436.2
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310627 1509610 10050 10400 205.5 40786.46 40797.4
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310609.1 1509635 10018.75 10400 183.7 40897.39 40908.25
310605.5 1509641 10012.5 10400 180.4 40900.35 40911.19
310601.9 1509646 10006.25 10400 177.0 40919.12 40929.92
310594.7 1509656 10000 10400 173.6 41090.25 41101.44
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310573.2 1509687 9981.25 10400 183.7 41523.01 41529.69
310566 1509697 9975 10400 187.1 41149.54 41155.79
310558.9 1509707 9968.75 10400 190.4 41027.13 41032.67
310551.7 1509717 9962.5 10400 193.8 41003.6 41009.23
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310523 1509758 9925 10400 224.8 40748.75 40754.35
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310508.7 1509779 9900 10400 238.0 40705.27 40709.41
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310494.3 1509799 9875 10400 230.2 40541.87 40545.55
310487.2 1509810 9862.5 10400 224.2 40351.31 40353.73
310480 1509820 9850 10400 218.2 40192.18 40194.03
310472.8 1509830 9837.5 10400 212.2 40355.21 40356.25
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310458.5 1509851 9812.5 10400 200.3 40475.41 40475.59
310451.3 1509861 9800 10400 194.3 40665.3 40665.36
310444.2 1509871 9787.5 10400 204.7 40498.1 40495.8
310437 1509881 9775 10400 209.0 40418.25 40416.07
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310408.3 1509922 9725 10400 240.5 40422.26 40419.02
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310394 1509943 9700 10400 256.9 40365.81 40362.46
310386.8 1509953 9687.5 10400 259.8 40523.66 40520.31
310379.6 1509963 9675 10400 261.8 40416.55 40413.11
310372.5 1509973 9662.5 10400 259.1 40440.07 40436.87
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310358.1 1509994 9637.5 10400 250.1 40549.81 40547.09
310351 1510004 9625 10400 248.0 40490 40487.48
310343.8 1510014 9612.5 10400 241.5 40404.64 40402.74
310336.6 1510025 9600 10400 237.1 40491.35 40489.8
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310307.9 1510066 9550 10400 240.4 40522.8 40522.56
310300.8 1510076 9537.5 10400 239.5 40418.91 40419.03
310293.6 1510086 9525 10400 230.1 40508.92 40510.08
310286.4 1510096 9512.5 10400 225.6 40466.79 40468.15
310279.3 1510107 9500 10400 210.2 40522.94 40524.03
310272.1 1510117 9487.5 10400 204.8 40643.1 40644.02
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310257.7 1510137 9462.5 10400 198.8 40657.4 40657.83
310250.6 1510147 9450 10400 196.3 40576.22 40576.41
310243.4 1510158 9437.5 10400 191.6 40637.08 40637.19
310236.2 1510168 9425 10400 189.7 40739.61 40739.7
310229.1 1510178 9412.5 10400 190.5 40679.11 40679.07
310221.9 1510188 9400 10400 190.0 40576.45 40580.43
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310207.6 1510209 9375 10400 171.6 40851.95 40857.49
310200.4 1510219 9362.5 10400 167.8 40997.59 41003.71
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310143 1510301 9262.5 10400 155.7 40961.68 40969.15
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310100 1510363 9187.5 10400 122.6 41240.6 41247.03
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310014 1510485 9037.5 10400 147.1 40777.11 40813.37
310006.8 1510496 9025 10400 157.3 40838.15 40874.37
309999.6 1510506 9012.5 10400 162.6 40755.12 40791.33
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309971 1510547 8962.5 10400 190.9 40767.56 40807.33
309963.8 1510557 8950 10400 202.8 40775.15 40816.62
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309949.5 1510578 8925 10400 218.3 40787.44 40831.87
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309892.1 1510659 8825 10400 271.1 40732.8 40789.37
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310676.5 1509713 10000 10500 197.1 41004.26 41054.1
310680.1 1509708 10006.25 10500 199.0 41015.2 41065.1
310683.7 1509703 10012.5 10500 200.9 41110.62 41160.6
310687.3 1509698 10018.75 10500 202.8 41011.74 41061.78
310690.8 1509693 10025 10500 204.7 40920.08 40970.22
310694.4 1509688 10031.25 10500 206.6 40835.25 40885.51
310698 1509683 10037.5 10500 208.5 40780.15 40830.49
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310708.8 1509667 10056.25 10500 223.0 40664.94 40715.38
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310741 1509621 10112.5 10500 245.0 40507.75 40558.23
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310755.4 1509601 10137.5 10500 256.2 40468.93 40519.52
310762.5 1509590 10150 10500 265.1 40376.35 40426.96
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310776.9 1509570 10175 10500 278.9 40361.09 40411.98
310784 1509560 10187.5 10500 285.7 40350.89 40402.01
310791.2 1509549 10200 10500 300.1 40409.7 40461.02
310798.4 1509539 10212.5 10500 305.0 40400.5 40451.94
310805.6 1509529 10225 10500 311.9 40369.95 40421.48
310812.7 1509519 10237.5 10500 328.5 40461 40512.5
310819.9 1509508 10250 10500 336.8 40334.78 40386.47
310827.1 1509498 10262.5 10500 345.0 40273.28 40325.01
310834.2 1509488 10275 10500 353.2 40457.86 40509.59
310841.4 1509478 10287.5 10500 361.5 40498.97 40550.49
310848.6 1509468 10300 10500 364.4 40499.8 40551.37
310855.7 1509457 10312.5 10500 375.0 40560.19 40611.77
310862.9 1509447 10325 10500 365.3 40572.86 40624.69
310870.1 1509437 10337.5 10500 355.5 40663.02 40715.11
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310930.5 1509525 10300 10600 358.7 40417.81 40452.15
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310909 1509556 10262.5 10600 335.6 40377.86 40411.47
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310894.7 1509576 10237.5 10600 314.5 40392.45 40425.61
310887.5 1509586 10225 10600 304.6 40401.36 40434.44
310880.3 1509597 10212.5 10600 294.7 40400.44 40433.45
310873.2 1509607 10200 10600 283.4 40412.25 40445.3
310866 1509617 10187.5 10600 272.0 40442.13 40475.27
310858.8 1509627 10175 10600 263.7 40364.89 40397.56
310851.7 1509638 10162.5 10600 250.5 40394.69 40427.96
310844.5 1509648 10150 10600 243.5 40489.93 40524.29
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310823 1509679 10112.5 10600 221.2 40468.35 40502.85
310815.8 1509689 10100 10600 219.4 40568.43 40602.88
310808.6 1509699 10087.5 10600 219.4 40647.3 40681.45
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310794.3 1509719 10062.5 10600 223.5 40778.72 40811.7
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310780 1509740 10037.5 10600 233.5 40926.36 40958.44
310772.8 1509750 10025 10600 236.7 40882.9 40914.92
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310758.5 1509771 10000 10600 246.8 40722.55 40753.54
310751.3 1509781 9987.5 10600 253.3 40860.84 40910.25
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310737 1509801 9962.5 10600 266.7 40259.39 40310.29
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310708.3 1509842 9912.5 10600 288.0 40447 40488.32
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310693.9 1509863 9887.5 10600 293.5 40449.59 40490.39
310686.8 1509873 9875 10600 298.2 40541.57 40585.27
310679.6 1509883 9862.5 10600 303.0 40638.66 40684.07
310672.4 1509894 9850 10600 306.2 40664.88 40711.34
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310658.1 1509914 9825 10600 314.3 40534.81 40581.49
310650.9 1509924 9812.5 10600 318.3 40468.24 40514.18
310643.7 1509934 9800 10600 322.0 40077.34 40123.95
310636.6 1509945 9787.5 10600 321.6 40136.42 40184.22
310629.4 1509955 9775 10600 317.9 40157.07 40205.03
310622.2 1509965 9762.5 10600 313.1 40168.52 40211.96
310615.1 1509975 9750 10600 307.8 40263.16 40306.29
310607.9 1509986 9737.5 10600 295.3 40581.77 40624.68
310600.7 1509996 9725 10600 286.9 40534.35 40577.41
310593.6 1510006 9712.5 10600 273.5 40413.87 40457.5
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311069.7 1510721 9400 11400 363.7 42555.71 42582.65
311062.5 1510731 9387.5 11400 363.7 41938.95 41964.37
311055.4 1510742 9375 11400 358.0 41609.5 41634.29
311048.2 1510752 9362.5 11400 352.3 41522.42 41547.28
311041 1510762 9350 11400 346.5 41047.62 41072.66
311033.9 1510772 9337.5 11400 340.8 41258.04 41283.44
311026.7 1510782 9325 11400 335.1 41012.17 41038.05
311019.5 1510793 9312.5 11400 329.4 40479.46 40505.47
311012.4 1510803 9300 11400 323.6 40382.21 40408.51
311005.2 1510813 9287.5 11400 317.9 40573.35 40599.15
310998 1510823 9275 11400 312.2 40704.4 40730.04
310990.8 1510834 9262.5 11400 306.5 40928.8 40954.71
310983.7 1510844 9250 11400 300.7 40900.79 40927.66
310976.5 1510854 9237.5 11400 295.0 40862.07 40889.38
310969.3 1510864 9225 11400 289.3 41004.07 41031.73
310962.2 1510875 9212.5 11400 283.5 41300.11 41328.35
310955 1510885 9200 11400 277.8 41398.98 41427.32
310947.8 1510895 9187.5 11400 272.1 41908.79 41936.93
310940.7 1510905 9175 11400 266.4 41612.83 41639.75
310933.5 1510916 9162.5 11400 260.6 41186.1 41212.1
310926.3 1510926 9150 11400 254.9 40903.22 40927.24
310919.2 1510936 9137.5 11400 249.2 40668.29 40692.26
310912 1510946 9125 11400 243.5 41298.4 41322.64
310904.8 1510957 9112.5 11400 237.7 40834.65 40857.97
310897.6 1510967 9100 11400 232.0 40737.89 40760.04
310890.5 1510977 9087.5 11400 226.3 40782.59 40804.01
310883.3 1510987 9075 11400 220.5 40948.51 40969.43
310876.1 1510998 9062.5 11400 214.8 41299.54 41319.23
310869 1511008 9050 11400 209.1 41481.96 41500.6
310861.8 1511018 9037.5 11400 203.4 41287.71 41305.96
310854.6 1511028 9025 11400 197.6 41322.76 41340.67
310847.5 1511038 9012.5 11400 191.9 41479.32 41496.96
310840.3 1511049 9000 11400 186.2 41385.81 41403.6
310094.4 1509561 9889 9917 189.0 40917.09 40914.96
310094.4 1509569 9881 9917 182.0 40828.02 40825.64
310094.4 1509576 9865 9922 177.0 41057.44 41056.08
310094.4 1509584 9857 9933 173.0 41185.52 41184.82
310094.4 1509591 9848 9937 166.0 41041.15 41040.49
310094.4 1509599 9840 9942 160.0 41013.02 41012.3
310094.4 1509606 9831 9946 158.0 40803.12 40802.32
310094.4 1509614 9821 9950 155.0 40637.99 40636.82
310094.4 1509621 9807.5 9958 151.0 40703.38 40702.1
310094.4 1509629 9792 9966 147.0 40835.03 40833.08
310094.4 1509636 9780 9972 142.0 40845.07 40841.49
310094.4 1509644 9768 9978 137.0 40792.54 40788.64
310094.4 1509651 9746 9987 134.0 40825.74 40820.61
310094.4 1509659 9724 9996 132.0 40707.49 40702.67
310094.4 1509666 9712 9998 130.0 40944.69 40939.58
GROUND ELEVATION
Contour Interval 20 m 00
E
9 0
(
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N
)
) Near-surface, magnetite-rich
alteration zone.
Figure 4
GROUND MAG CONTOURS
Colour Bar Scale
Contour Interval 200 nT 00
E
9 0
41 600
(
(
41 400 (
(
(
( (
( (
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41 200 (
(
(
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Total Field Magnetics (nT)
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41 000
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40 800 (
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39 800 ( ( (
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( ( (
( (
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( (
( (
( (
(
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00
(
(
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(
(
N
metres
or magnetite-rich alteration zone.
)
) Near-surface, magnetite-rich
alteration zone.
Figure 3
APPENDIX 3
82
DDH no. LB 14
Coordinates(grid): 10,190N/10,100E
Elevation: 152 asl
Azimuth: 0
Inclination: Vertical
Total depth: 74.60m
DH date started: 14-Oct-03
DH date Completed: 24-Oct-03
Intermingled broken light gray quartz- barite and medium gray quartz-
pyrite replaced rock; dominantly opaline silica matrix replacement,
slightly vuggy with vugs grown on by crystalline barite. Dark gray
quartz- sulphide in amoebic infusion in the matrix and as stringers with
associated very fine pyrite crystals.
Dark brownish gray with bleaching and oxidation near bottom. Matrix
supported (about 70% matrix), clasts are only minimal consisting of
silica veined quartz- clay- pyrite replaced rock, granule size silica vein
materials, and altered/ oxidized andesite fragments. Localized
hydrofractured clay altered medium grained andesite noted at 22.30 to
23.50m and 24.4 to 25.30m. Generally soft to very soft. Rare pyrite in
the matrix.
83
SAMPLE GRID AZIMUTH INCLINATION DISPATCH_N0
TYPE HOLE No. SAMPLER DATE
No. COORDINATES (o) (o) .
58591 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58618 Sludge DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58592 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58593 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58594 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58595 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58596 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58597 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58598 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58599 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58600 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58601 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58602 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58603 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58605 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58606 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58607 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58608 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58609 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58610 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58611 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58612 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58613 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58614 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58615 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58616 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
58617 Drillcore DH LB-14 10185N, 10006E 0 -90 Nonoy Ruelo / Bail Lab-oyan 2003-40 October 24,2003
Interval Au Ag, Rechecked Rechecked Rechecked
DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Recovered (m) % Recovery Cu, %
(m) g/mT g/mT Au,g/mT Ag,g/mT Cu,%
Clastic breccia with grits, pebble to cobble size quartz-
7.6 9.5 1.9 1.5 79 0.045 3.2 0.021
barite± pyrite breccia clasts.
No core, only sludge collected
9.5 9.65 0.15
Quartz-barite breccia, fragmented, limonitic with minimal
9.65 11.55 1.9 0.59 12 0.518 2 0.008 0.520
sulphides.
Clay- pyrite altered zone, soft, stickly, patchy limonitic.
30.45 33.2 2.75 2.75 100 0.015 <0.5 0.011
Clay- pyrite altered zone, soft, stickly, gougy in parts.
33.2 36.55 3.35 3.35 100 0.02 0.9 0.021
Hydrobrecciated altered propylitized andesite, included
36.55 38.3 1.75 1.05 60 0.6 1.5 0.038
gray quartz - sulfide vein.
Hydrobrecciated altered andesite with minimal gray quartz -
38.3 40.25 1.95 1.95 100 0.133 3.2 0.071 0.130 0.070 3.100
sulfide- bar vein/veinlets..
Hydrobrecciated altered andesite with minimal gray quartz -
40.25 42.5 2.25 2.1 93 0.51 1.5 0.043
sulfide- bar vein/veinlets..
Quartz- pyrite- chl- clay altered breccia, 5- 10% pyrite.
42.5 46.5 4 3.8 95 0.215 0.8 0.04
Qtz- pyrite- clay breccia with appreciable fragments of
46.5 47.4 0.9 0.83 92 1.075 <0.5 0.012
quartz- barite sulphide replaced rock.
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
47.4 48.85 1.45 0.58 40 12.82 1.1 0.012
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
48.85 50.35 1.5 0.5 33 5.015 0.8 0.019
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
50.35 51.85 1.5 0.95 63 10.03 <0.5 0.004
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
51.85 52.15 0.3 0.07 23 19.89 <0.5 0.012
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
52.15 53.05 0.9 0.07 8 21.875 <0.5 0.004
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
53.05 54.35 1.3 0.39 30 29.728 0.7 0.01 30.145 0.600 0.010
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
54.35 56 1.65 1.4 85 23.73 0.7 0.006
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
56 57.6 1.6 0.98 61 22.73 <0.5 0.004
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
57.6 59.45 1.85 0.88 48 4.495 <0.5 0.008
Qtuartz- pyrite- clay replacement in moderately weathered
59.45 60.35 0.9 0.9 100 0.535 0.9 0.019
andesite, crumbly, friable; quartz± bar veinlets occasional.
Sludge
60.35 61.15 0.8
Pervasive quartz- pyrite- minor barite replacement, cpy
61.15 61.55 0.4 0.39 98 0.33 0.7 0.014
coalesce with very fine pyrite, barite xtals on vugs.
Quartz- clay- pyrite altered hydrothermally brecciated
61.55 63.4 1.85 1.23 66 0.25 <.5 0.097
andesite, pyrite in veinlets and as strong dissemination in
Quartz- clay- pyrite altered hydrothermally brecciated
63.4 65.2 1.8 1.68 93 0.25 1.2 0.018
andesite, pyrite in veinlets and as strong dissemination in
Clay- pyrite- chlorite altered matrix supported breccia
65.2 66.1 0.9 0.9 100 0.13 1.5 0.065
zone, propylitized to moderately silicified pyritic clasts set
Quartz- pyrite - clay altered zone, some clasts consist of
66.1 68 1.9 1.89 99 0.275 4.5 0.133
gray pyritic, silicified sections rimmed by sulfides, partly
Quartz- pyrite - clay altered zone, some clasts consist of
68 69.1 1.1 1.04 95 0.19 2.3 0.09 0.190 2.300 0.090
gray pyritic, silicified sections rimmed by sulfides, partly
Quartz- pyrite - clay altered zone, some clasts consist of
69.1 70.5 1.4 1.4 100 0.115 2.9 0.057
gray pyritic, silicified sections rimmed by sulfides, partly
Recheck
LABORATORY Sludge Sludge LABORATORY RECHECK ITS g/t
Sludge
REFERENCE Sample No. Au,g/mT REFERENCE Au
Au,g/mT
McPhar 03-590 McPhar 03-590
58630 2.960
58646 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58647 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58648 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58649 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58650 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58651 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58652 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58653 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58654 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58655 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58656 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58657 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58658 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
58659 Drillcore DH LB-15 10185N/10006E 145° 45º Beil Lab-oyan/Iris Villanueva 2003- 42 2-Nov-03
DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Recovered (m) % Recovery Au g/t Ag g/t Cu %
Clay- pyrite- quartz replacement, argillic, pyrite at 2-5
volume % in dissemination. 11.20 12.20 1.00 0.81 81 0.020 1.8 0.024
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia 17.00 18.50 1.50 0.94 63 7.175 0.7 0.008
Fault breccia, bleached to bluish gray; strongly gougy
with broken few frags of silicified pyritic andesite and 18.50 20.40 1.90 1.80 95 0.115 1.9 0.016
minimal quartz- barite fragments.
Quartz- pyrite± clay altered zone, pyrite in fine diss,
argillic in parts. 20.40 22.15 1.75 1.75 100 0.410 2.9 0.040
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia 23.40 25.40 2.00 1.90 95 5.770 1.0 0.015
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
25.40 27.35 1.95 1.72 88 5.690 0.5 0.021
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia 27.35 29.60 2.25 1.35 60 19.190 0.6 0.010
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia
29.60 31.60 2.00 1.52 76 8.500 1.0 0.011
Quartz- pyrite replacement zone, with occasional quartz-
pyrite veinlets/ stringers. 31.60 34.10 2.50 2.48 99 0.055 1.2 0.018
McPhar 03-611
McPhar 03-611
McPhar 03-611
McPhar 03-611
McPhar 03-611
McPhar 03-611
SAMPLE No. TYPE HOLE No. GRID COORDINATES AZIMUTH (o) INCLINATION (o) SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DATE
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58666 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58667 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58668 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58669 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58670 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58671 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58672 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58673 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58674 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58675 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58676 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58677 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58678 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58679 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58680 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58681 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58682 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58683 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58684 Drillcore DH LB-16 10185N/10006E 325 78 2003-43 14-Nov-03
Villanueva
Recheck Recheck Recheck LABORATORY
DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) % Recovery Au g/mT Ag g/mT Cu %
Au g/t Ag g/t Cu% REFERENCE
Quartz- pyrite- sulfide replacement to patchy
propylitized andesite ; bleached- medium to greenish
gray; grayish clasts due to gray quartz replacement 57.00 59.60 96 0.120 2.1 McPhar 03-655
with appreciable fine pyrite + sulphide mineralization.
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58697 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Qtz-bar-sulfide-BXA 36.2
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58698 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Qtz-bar-sulfide-BXA 38.55
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58699 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Qtz-bar-sulfide-BXA 40.4
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58700 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Qtz-bar-sulfide-BXA 42.35
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58701 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Clay-qtz-sulfide-barite-breccia 44.55
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58703 Drillcore DH LB-17 10200N,9999E 145 80 2003-44 23-Nov-03 Quartz-pyrite-sulfide-breccia 47.4
Villanueva
36.2 1.1 0.75 68 0.245 1.10 0.022 0.003 0.016 0.250 1.400 0.022 0.003 0.016 McPhar No. 03-680
38.55 2.35 1.15 49 7.130 1.00 0.007 0.001 0.002 McPhar No. 03-680
40.4 1.85 1.07 58 18.400 0.60 0.006 0.001 0.001 McPhar No. 03-680
42.35 1.95 1.02 52 13.215 0.60 0.005 0.001 0.001 13.265 McPhar No. 03-680
44.55 2.2 1.6 73 0.660 2.40 0.029 0.007 0.022 McPhar No. 03-680
46.15 1.6 1.17 73 0.240 3.30 0.183 0.004 0.010 McPhar No. 03-680
47.4 1.25 0.77 62 0.330 2.00 0.090 0.004 0.004 McPhar No. 03-680
50.3 2.9 2.75 95 0.065 2.00 0.064 0.030 0.128 McPhar No. 03-680
52.95 2.65 2.6 98 0.010 1.60 0.010 0.023 0.082 McPhar No. 03-680
55.5 2.55 2.28 89 0.030 1.20 0.026 0.058 0.154 McPhar No. 03-680
23 24.9 1.9 1.33 70 10.56 0.6 0.008 10.28 McPhar Batch No.03-694 58726 2.990
24.9 27.1 2.2 1.2 55 3.34 2.6 0.015 McPhar Batch No.03-694 58727 4.220
27.1 29.9 2.8 2.27 81 0.055 6.3 0.022 0.078 0.243 McPhar Batch No.03-694 58728 1.995
29.9 32.1 2.2 2.2 100 0.02 7.1 0.026 0.058 0.2 McPhar Batch No.03-694 58729 0.875
Sludge Recheck LABORATORY RECHECK
Au g/t REFERENCE ITS g/t Au
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58745 Drillcore DH LB-19 10,200N/10,014E 145 45 2003-45 9-Dec-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58746 Drillcore DH LB-19 10,200N/10,014E 145 45 2003-45 9-Dec-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58747 Drillcore DH LB-19 10,200N/10,014E 145 45 2003-44 9-Dec-03
Villanueva
Bail Lab-oyan/Iris
58748 Drillcore DH LB-19 10,200N/10,014E 145 45 2003-44 9-Dec-03
Villanueva
Recheck Recheck LABORATORY
DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Recovered (m) % Recovery Au g/t Ag g/t
Au g/t Ag g/t REFERENCE
Patchy sulphidic clay- pyrite replacement with dark
sulphides as bands, fracture fill and discrete crystal
15.30 18.70 3.40 2.75 81 0.035 0.5 McPhar Batch No.03-719
dissemination, partly limonitic. Faulted at 18.00-
18.70m.
Quartz- barite- sulphide breccia; gray quartz with strong
pyrite- sulphide mineralization. Rare chalcopyrite. Partly 18.70 21.00 2.30 1.95 85 3.485 0.7 McPhar Batch No.03-719
sheared. Xtalline barite interlock with quartz.
McPhar Batch
58749 2.990
No.03-719
SAMPLE
TYPE HOLE No. GRID COORDINATES AZIMUTH (o) INCLINATION (o) SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0.
No.
74.36 0.260 0.90 0.270 0.80 Mcphar No.03-731 58767 0.805 1.30 0.820 1.20
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
Mcphar No.03-731
SAMPLE
TYPE HOLE No. GRID COORDINATES UTM COORDINATES AZIMUTH (o) INCLINATION (o) ELEVATION (asl) DATE STARTED DATE COMPLETED TOTAL DEPTH (m)
No.
58790 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58791 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58792 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58793 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58794 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58796 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58798 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58799 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
58800 CORE DH LB-21 10200N/9971E 1509564N/ 310415E 0 -90º 145 8-Jan-04 23-Jan-04 109.5
DATE SAMPLED SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Recovered (m) % Recovery Au g/t
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Clay- pyrite breccia with minimal pyrite (1-2%) within 89.40 93.90 4.50 4.1 91 0.005
the matrix. Dark gray fine sulfide bands occur in few
locations.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Clay- quartz- sulphide breccia with jasperoidal quartz- 93.90 95.20 1.30 0.7 54 0.770
pyrite veinlets in parts.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Bleached argillic zone with quartz- barite breccia 95.20 96.70 1.50 1.05 70 0.155
fragments.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Quartz- sulphide breccia with clay/ argillic matrix. 96.70 98.70 2.00 1.7 85 0.510
Minimal pyrite.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Fault breccia, gougy with fragments of silicified rock 98.70 100.20 1.50 0.75 50 0.180
and quartz- sulphide ± barite clasts.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Quartz- barite- pyrite breccia, 20% recovered material. 100.20 101.20 1.00 0.2 20 1.005
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Quartz- barite- pyrite breccia, 50% recovered material. 101.20 103.40 2.20 0.1 5 0.200
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Quartz- clay-pyrite replacement breccia. Few pyrite as 103.40 104.50 1.10 0.9 82 0.060
diss and as bands.
24-Jan-04 Bail/ Iris 2004-02 Quartz- clay-pyrite replacement andesite, few pyrite as 104.50 105.00 0.50 0.45 90 0.005
diss and as stringers.
LABORATORY Sludge Sample Sludge Recheck Au LABORATORY
Ag g/t Cu,% Recheck Au g/t Recheck Ag g/t Recheck Cu,% RECHECK ITS g/t Au Sludge Au g/mT
REFERENCE No. g/mT REFERENCE
1.20 0.008 Mcphar 04-072
5.90 0.256 0.770 5.9 0.256 Mcphar 04-072 59501 0.890 0.900 Mcphar 04-072
59510 Drill core LB-22 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 145° -45° 148 25-Jan-04 29-Jan-04 41.5
59511 Drill core LB-22 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 145° -45° 148 25-Jan-04 29-Jan-04 41.5
Sludge
DATE SAMPLED SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) % Recovery Au g/t Sludge Au g/t
Sample No.
Fault breccia with fine pyrite
31-Jan-04 Bail Lab-oyan 2004-04 disseminations and included white to 23.30 24.55 96 0.025 59521 0.02
gray quartz- pyrite breccia fragments.
Sheared zone with broken quartz- barite-
pyrite breccia clasts, minimal pyrite
31-Jan-04 Bail Lab-oyan 2004-04 24.55 26.40 89 0.835 59522 1.78
disseminations, few sulphide bands
noted.
Sludge Recheck LABORATORY
Au g/t REFERENCE
59515 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
59516 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
59517 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
59518 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
59519 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
59520 Drill core LB-23 10217N/ 10000E 1509551N/ 310406E 0 90° 148 30-Jan-04 3-Feb-04
Recovered
TOTAL DEPTH (m) DATE SAMPLED SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) % Recovery
(m)
Fault breccia, clasts supported, argillic-
oxidized andesitic clasts with appreciable
56.6 5-Feb-04 Bail Lab-oyan 2004-05 12.60 14.50 1.90 1.55 82
pyrite in clasts and matrix.
0.135 1.2 0.033 0.003 0.135 1.2 0.032 0.003 Mcphar no. 04-110 59548 0.050
0.010 2.0 0.010 0.018 0.070 Mcphar no. 04-110 59549 0.075
59523 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59524 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59525 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59526 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59527 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59528 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59529 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59530 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59531 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59532 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59533 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59534 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
59535 Drill core LB-24 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 145° -45° 151 6-Feb-04 9-Feb-04
TOTAL DEPTH (m) DATE SAMPLED SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Recovered (m) % Recovery
59552 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59553 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59554 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59555 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59556 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59557 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59558 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59559 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59560 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59561 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59562 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59563 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59564 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59565 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59566 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59567 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59568 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59569 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59570 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59571 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59572 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59573 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59574 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59575 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59601 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59602 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59603 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59604 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59605 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59606 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59607 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59608 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59609 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
59610 Drill core LB-25 10155N/ 10021E 1509497N/ 310406E 325° -75° 151 10-Feb-04 26-Feb-04 109.15
DATE Recovered
SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) Interval (m) % Recovery Au g/t Ag g/t
SAMPLED (m)
Clay- pyrite-quartz replacement breccia, gray 38.00 39.60 1.60 1.60 100
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 quartz as bands in some locations, very fine 0.040 1.20
pyrite
Quartz- pyrite- clay replacement breccia with 39.60 42.00 2.40 2.10 88
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 loc clay(smectite) rich sections, Vuggy quartz 1.540 1.60
veins in places.
Quartz- pyrite- clay replacement breccia with 42.00 43.70 1.70 1.50 88
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 loc clay(smectite) rich sections, Vuggy quartz 0.420 0.90
with barite in places.
Clay-pyrite replacement zone, few silfd clasts 43.70 44.85 1.15 1.10 96
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 noted. 0.260 1.00
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 77.95 80.10 2.15 1.95 91
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 2.540 1.20
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 80.10 82.60 2.50 1.2 48
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 14.545 0.50
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 82.60 85.60 3.00 1.1 37
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 13.255 0.80
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 85.60 88.50 2.90 1.6 55
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 14.360 1.30
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 88.50 91.50 3.00 1.55 52
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 8.505 2.30
Quart- barite- breccia, irregullar bands of dark 91.50 93.55 2.05 1.85 90
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 sulphides in some places. 9.400 0.90
Clay- quartz- barite breccia, minimal sulpides 93.55 95.80 2.25 2.07 92
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 in places. 1.780 0.90
Clay- quartz- barite breccia, minimal sulpides 95.80 98.60 2.80 2.8 100
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 in places. 0.110 1.50
Clay- quartz- barite breccia, minimal sulpides 98.60 100.10 1.50 1.5 100
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 in places. 0.285 1.10
Quartz- sulphide- barite with hematitic altered 100.10 101.20 1.10 0.67 61
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 rock, minimal pyrite. 0.150 1.00
Fault breccia, silicified clasts with specks of 101.20 103.35 2.15 1.25 58
29-Feb-04 Fianza Lab-oyan 2004-10 chalcopyrite, pyrite in fine diss. 0.180 6.20
0.044 McPhar No. 04-199 59619 0.690 0.705 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
0.018 0.025 1.00 0.017 McPhar No. 04-199 59620 0.540 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
0.029 McPhar No. 04-199 59629 3.775 3.735 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
0.046 5.335 1.50 0.045 McPhar No. 04-199 59630 4.975 4.920 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
0.01 13.425 0.60 0.01 McPhar No. 04-199 59636 6.960 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
0.015 1.820 0.90 0.014 McPhar No. 04-199 59640 3.565 MCPHAR BATCH NO.
04-221
59647 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59648 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59649 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59650 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59001 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59002 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59003 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59004 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59005 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59006 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
59007 Core LB-26 10,230N/ 9,985E 1509570N/310447E 325° -85° 145m 28-Feb-04 8-Mar-04 89.70m
DATE Interval Recovered
SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) % Recovery Au g/t Ag g/t %Cu
SAMPLED (m) (m)
Clay- pyrite replacement breccia, hematitic, minimal clasts 67.00 69.00 2.00 2.00 100 0.075 1.90 0.04
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 of andesites, pyrite at 2-3%.
Gray quartz- pyrite ± (barite) replacement breccia with 69.00 70.10 1.10 1.00 91 0.180 2.50 0.076
chalcopyrite specks. One cobble size vuggy silica
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 replaced clast contain appreciable chalcopyrite (±2%) in
vugs and cavities.
Clay-pyrite+ minor silica replacement. Tectonically 70.10 73.00 2.90 2.90 100 0.015 2.50 0.007
fractured (crackle breccia) andesite with fine pyrite as
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12
selvage to fractures.
Similar as above only that the core is more brecciated 73.00 76.00 3.00 3.00 100 0.010 0.50 0.008
(crackle to jigsaw brecciation). Clasts are cemented by
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 clay (smectite- illite) and weak silica in segregated
portions. Pyrite in minimal (1-2%) dissemination.
Clay-pyrite-silica replacement. Tectonically fractured 76.00 79.00 3.00 3.00 100 0.005 0.60 0.007
(jigsaw breccia). Clasts are cemented by clay (smectite-
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 illite) and weak silica in segregated portions. Appreciable
pyrite (2-3%) diss.
Hydrofractured andesite altered to clay- quartz-pyrite. 79.00 81.00 2.00 2.00 100 0.010 0.80 0.009
Pyrite in diss (2-5%), also as hairline stringers and
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 fracture fills with accompanying white clay in places.
Quartz- pyrite- sulphide replacement breccia with dark 81.00 82.00 1.00 0.95 95 0.045 1.80 0.007
gray chalcedonic quartz with accompanying sulphides as
veins/veinlets. Dark sulphides as stringers and veinlets
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 and together with pyrite, lined some cavities and vugs.
Gray quartz- sulphide- pyrite replacement breccia. Porous 85.00 87.00 2.00 2.00 100 0.240 3.60 0.056
with appreciable pyrite wioth accompanying chalcopyrite
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12
in places.
Fault zone, gougy slickensided, strong clay, generally soft 87.00 88.00 1.00 0.95 95 0.005 3.00 0.019
with pyrite (2-3%) in dissemination and clusters within the
9-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-12 matrix. Some suspected chalcopyrite in places.
Recheck Au Recheck Ag Recheck LABORATORY RECHECK ITS Sludge Sludge Au Sludge Recheck LABORATORY RECHECK
g/t g/t %Cu REFERENCE g/t Au Sample No. g/mT Au g/mT REFERENCE ITS g/t Au
59703 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59704 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59705 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59706 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59707 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59708 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59709 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59710 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59711 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59712 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59713 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59714 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59715 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59716 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59717 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59718 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59719 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59720 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59721 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59722 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59723 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
59724 Core LB-27 10470N/ 10005E 1509692N/310657E 043° -60° 191m 8-Mar-04 18-Mar-04 73.60m
DATE Interval Recovered
SAMPLER DISPATCH_N0. DESCRIPTION From (m) To (m) % Recovery Au g/t Ag g/t %Cu
SAMPLED (m) (m)
Light gray, quartz-pyrite+/-clay altered 3.30 6.50 3.20 1.85 58 0.005 6.30 0.019
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 andesite porphyry after propylitic alteration.
Several local < 10 cm fault gouge / breccia.
Same as above with 10 cm wide opaline 6.50 10.00 3.50 2.35 67 0.010 2.90 0.038
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 breccia vein @ 8.0 m.
Quartz-barite-pyrite vein breccia. White 10.00 12.90 2.90 1.90 66 0.620 4.40 0.03
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 with occasional silica and jasper clasts in
the breccia vein.
Quartz-barite-pyrite vein breccia. White 12.90 14.80 1.90 1.10 58 1.315 1.40 0.014
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 with occasional silica and jasper clasts in
the breccia vein.
Shear zone. Fault breccia with gougy 14.80 15.80 1.00 0.92 92 0.200 5.80 0.028
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 matrix. Reddish to light gray.
Chlorite-epidote+/-pyrite altered with rare 15.80 17.40 1.60 1.30 81 0.150 1.90 0.016
vuggy quartz veinlets. Localized (<10 cm)
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 jigsaw breccia and argillic altered fault
gouge. Greenish color.
Green andesite porphyry breccia / shear 17.40 22.70 5.30 4.50 85 0.010 1.80 0.016
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 zone. Slightly oxidized with << 1 %
disseminated or fracture filling pyrite.
Quartz-barite-pyrite breccia vein with << 1 22.70 23.10 0.40 0.28 70 0.085 0.70 0.008
% fine grained chalcopyrite-enargite
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 stringers or clusters. White and gray quartz
bands with barite.
Green andesite porphyry breccia / shear 23.10 28.00 4.90 4.05 83 0.010 6.40 0.029
zone, slightly oxidized with < 1 % fine
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 grained pyrite dissemination. Generally
propylitically altered.
Slight-moderate argillic altered andesite 28.00 30.00 2.00 1.90 95 0.015 4.00 0.048
porphyry breccia with white and gougy
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 matrix. Clay overprinting earlier propylitic
alteration.
Argillic altered breccia / shear zone. White, 30.00 32.65 2.65 2.15 81 0.135 3.90 0.017
gougy matrix. LCA @ 20o. Polymictic
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 angular-sub rounded clasts of silica,
andesite porphyry and barite. Fine grained
pyrite dissemination.
Highly argillized breccia / shear zone with 32.65 35.10 2.45 1.73 71 0.660 3.60 0.048
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 white, gougy matrix. LCA @ 30o. Fault
plane @ 34.5 m.
Quartz-clay-pyrite with slight argillic 35.10 38.00 2.90 1.40 48 0.643 1.20 0.121
overprint. Pyrite-enargite-chalcopyrite
stringer @ 37.0 and 10 cm milled breccia
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15
(fault?) @ 36.4. Off-white to gray with
occasional millimeter wide quartz stringer.
Quartz-barite-pyrite breccia vein with 38.00 39.95 1.95 1.10 56 1.955 4.90 0.716
occasional dissemination, clusters,
stringers or fracture fill of pyrite +/-
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 chalcopyrite and rare enargite +/- bornite
with pyrite Silica groundmass cementing
pebble-cobble sized angular clasts.
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 Same as above 39.95 42.30 2.35 1.45 62 0.130 2.60 0.088
Moderate-highly clay-pyrite altered 42.30 45.40 3.10 2.80 90 0.095 3.80 0.058
andesite porphyry breccia. Gougy-sandy
matrix with shear zone @ 42.3 - 43.0. < 1
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15
% fine grained pyrite dissemination. Locally
oxidized. Rare chalcopyrite @ 44.5.
Same as above with some silicified 45.40 48.80 3.40 3.40 100 0.010 3.70 0.042
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 andesite clasts.
Slightly-moderately clay-pyrite altered 48.80 51.30 2.50 2.20 88 0.005 1.10 0.009
andesite porphyry breccia cut by highly
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 argillized 10-20 cm fault zones. Relict
propylitic alteration and locally tuffaceous in
texture.
Slightly-moderately clay-pyrite altered 51.30 54.80 3.50 3.40 97 0.030 1.20 0.009
andesite porphyry breccia cut by highly
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 argillized 10-20 cm fault zones. Relict
propylitic alteration and locally tuffaceous in
texture.
Slightly-moderately clay-pyrite altered 54.80 57.40 2.60 2.60 100 0.015 3.60 0.011
andesite porphyry breccia cut by highly
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 argillized 10-20 cm fault zones. Relict
propylitic alteration and locally tuffaceous in
texture.
Chlorite-epidote altered with slight argillic 57.40 61.00 3.60 3.55 99 0.055 2.80 0.009
overprint in andesite porphyry. Slightly
oxidized. Fine grain pyrite as
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15
dissemination, fracture fill and stringers.
Rare chalcopyrite @ 57.4.
Green andesite porphyry with 1 % fine 61.00 62.30 1.30 1.25 96 0.005 2.90 0.008
grained pyrite dissemination and fracture fill
21-Mar-04 FT Lab-oyan 2004-15 Propylitic altered with very slight argillic
overprint notably in plagioclase phenocryst.
Sludge
Recheck Recheck Ag Recheck LABORATORY RECHECK ITS Sludge Sludge Au LABORATORY RECHECK
Recheck Au
Au g/t g/t %Cu REFERENCE g/t Au Sample No. g/mT REFERENCE ITS g/t Au
g/mT
84
PETROGRAPHIC / MINERAGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
Dark gray, silicified rock traversed by veinlets of white mineral and stippled
with pyrite.
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
The bulk of the specimen consists of a mosaic of allotriomorphic quartz with
portions that are characteristically chalcedonic. The latter exhibits various silica
textures such as spherulitic, fibrous, feathery and cryptocrystalline. In plane polars,
this disoriented silica occurs as brown bands. Occasional laths of barite exhibiting
90°cleavage traces and fairly high relief are interspersed with quartz aggregates.
Euhedral to subhedral pyrite grains measuring from 0.8 to 1mm across, occur
as disseminations, infills and grain replacement. Occasional minute specks of
chalcoyprite are scattered. Chalcopyrite usually envelopes pinkish enargite. Covellite
occurs as streaks traversing chalcopyrite.
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
Quartz (microcrystalline) 65
Chalcedonic silica 15
Barite 5
Opaques 15
(Pyrite)
(15)
(Chalcopyrite)
trace
(Enargite)
trace
(Covellite)
trace
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
Porphyritic; pilotaxitic; partly vesicular;
Plagioclase insets are patched by calcite and minute specks of illite + clay +
chlorite (from glass). The ferromagnesian minerals are totally replaced by opaque
grains.
Cubic pyrite occurs as disseminations and fracture fills. Scanty grains of relict
magnetite are also scattered.
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
Porphyritic; pilotaxitic;
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
Relict porphyritic;
Pyrite grains pepper the rock as fracture infills and grain replacement.
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
Porphyritic; microgranular;
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
SAMPLE MARK TH -1
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
TEXTURE
The original rock has been encroached and replaced by fine shreds of
birefringent illite+ clay. Islands of embayed and resorbed quartz grains occur as
occasional discrete grains set against an illitic background. Microcrystalline quartz
with associated iron oxides traverse the illite-altered rock at diverse directions.
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
Illite 67%
Clay (Smectite?) 10
Quartz 15
Iron oxides/hydroxides 8
ALTERATION Argillic
PETROGRAPHIC / MINERAGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF
ELEVEN (11) SAMPLES FROM THE BATANGAS
PROSPECTS OF MRL GOLD
For
24 February 2004
Manila, Philippines
PETROGRAPHIC / MINERAGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
Buff, bleached, oxidized rock; intensely silicified; a 3mm iron oxide veinlet
traverse the hand specimen.
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
The rock is traversed by fine quartz stringers, some of which are rimmed by iron
oxides. Vein quartz has dogtooth texture and occasionally exhibits decussate texture.
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
Fine-grained quartz 90
Vein quartz 10
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
Porphyritic;
Phenocrysts of fractured plagioclase most of which have ill –defined borders and
occasional relict ferromagnesian minerals are set in a completely argillized base with
shadows of plagioclase microlites and irregular patches of zeolite. The groundmass is
loaded with brown clay with associated illite, quartz and pyrite.
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
Fragmental;
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
SAMPLE MARK WD - 1
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
Silicified, crustified rock with alternating bands of quartz, sulfide and clay
minerals.
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
Quartz 85
Barite 14
Hematite 1
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
Intensely bleached and argillized rock with crisscrossing iron oxide stringers.
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
The entire specimen is intensely leached and silicified with thick superposition of
brown, almost isotropic clay patches and iron hydroxide. Quartz occurs as interlocking,
fine-grained granular crystals associated with extremely minute flakes of fibrous, illite-
like minerals (pyrophyllite?).
COMPOSITION
% Secondary
Quartz 45
Clay 30
Pyrophyllite (?) 10
Goethite 15
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Description
Despite the thick clay superposition and intense silicification, the porphyritic
texture of the original rock can still be discerned by means of relict insets of tabular
minerals which are now totally replaced by a mosaic of fine granular quartz.
The rock has been totally encroached by silicification such that the bulk of the
specimen is now composed of aggregates of quartz interspersed with brown isotropic
clay. Opaque grains are disseminated.
COMPOSITION
% Primary % Secondary
REMARKS:
The only significant difference lies on the percentage and type of clay component. The
determination of clay mineralogy is beyond the scope of microscopy. It may be necessary
to conduct SRD or SEM runs.
MEGASCOPIC DESCRIPTION
Dark gray, massive, pyritized, porphyritic volcanic rock traversed by veinlets
of calcite.
MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Texture:
Pyrite is the only opaque mineral in the specimen occurring as fine interstitial
fillings ( about 0.08mm) and relatively coarser grained (0.2mm to 1mm) open space
infills.
Composition
% Primary % Secondary
Phenocrysts: Plagioclase 13 Calcite 5
Relict plagioclase 2 Albite 4
Micritic carbonates 1
Chlorite trace
Groundmass: Plagioclase 65 Illite 1
(Pyrite) Clay 1
(Micritic carbonates) Goethite 2
(chlorite) Pyrite 6
85
APPENDIX 7
86
Table 15: McPhar's Rock Sample Duplicate
(sorted by ascending MPD)
60
50
40
McPhar's Rock Duplicate Sample MPD Cumulative Frequency
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
60
Duplicate (g/t Au)
50
40
30 n = 183, mean = 4.58, SD = 9.6, COV = 210 %, min < 0.005, max = 64.4
20
McPhar's Rock Duplicate Sample Scatter Plot
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Original (g/t Au)
Table 16: McPhar's Sludge Sample Duplicate
(sorted by ascending MPD)
14
12
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
McPhar Intertek
Sample Original Duplicate Average MPD Sorted
Number g/t Au g/t Au g/t Au % Rank MPD
7101 51.955 52.000 51.98 0.1 0 0.1 0.1
57214 12.455 13.500 12.98 8.1 0.4 0.4
7046 0.015 0.010 0.01 40.0 1.3 1.3
57234 0.230 0.269 0.25 15.6 1.5 1.5
7006 39.195 47.050 43.12 18.2 2.5 2.5
7026 0.105 0.120 0.11 13.3 20 2.5 2.5
57176 6.600 6.440 6.52 2.5 3.0 3.0
58657 0.055 0.025 0.04 75.0 3.6 3.6
58609 4.495 4.755 4.63 5.6 5.4 5.4
58579 0.330 0.322 0.33 2.5 5.6 5.6
58580 4.735 4.675 4.71 1.3 5.7 5.7
58581 1.265 1.220 1.24 3.6 40 8.1 8.1
58590 0.005 0.016 0.01 104.8 8.2 8.2
58606 29.310 33.600 31.46 13.6 9.8 9.8
58655 19.305 17.500 18.40 9.8 11.2 11.2
58656 8.500 8.050 8.28 5.4 12.2 12.2
58669 0.150 0.206 0.18 31.5 60 13.1 13.1
58699 13.215 11.700 12.46 12.2 13.2 13.2
58721 10.560 10.250 10.41 3.0 13.3 13.3
58753 14.435 12.900 13.67 11.2 13.6 13.6
58754 8.455 8.330 8.39 1.5 15.6 15.6
58659 0.015 0.006 0.01 92.7 18.2 18.2
58611 0.330 0.304 0.32 8.2 80 21.5 21.5
7120 1.165 1.160 1.16 0.4 31.5 31.5
7165 0.190 0.167 0.18 13.2 40.0 40.0
7185 4.675 4.415 4.55 5.7 75.0 75.0
7199 1.390 1.120 1.26 21.5 92.7 92.7
7200 0.890 1.015 0.95 13.1 100 104.8 104.8
28 pairs 8.36 8.61 8.48 19.1 average MPD 19.1 mean
10.5 median
#N/A mode
740.567 var
27.21336 SD
142.8065 COV
Fine Duplicate MPD Cumulative Frequency
120
100
Sample Pair MPD (%)
80
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative Frequency
McPhar vs. Intertek Fine Duplicate
60
50
Intertek (g/t Au)
40
30
20
10
Chart 6: McPhar vs Intertek Fine Duplicate Scatter Plot
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
90
80
Sample Pair MPD (%)
40
30
20
10
0
0 50 10
1st vs 2nd Lab Percentile Rank
40
Intertek (g/t Au)
30
Chart 8: McPhar vs Intertek Coarse Duplicate Scatter Plot
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
CONSULTANTS’ REPORTS
87
BAILEY GEOLOGICAL CONSULTANTS (CANADA) LTD.
2695 MOUNTAIN HIGHWAY
NORTH VANCOUVER, B.C. CANADA. V7J 2N4
Tel. (604) 985 2143; Fax. (604) 988 9909
Principal
D.G. Bailey, Ph.D., P.Geo., F.Aus.I.M.M., F.G.A.C
MEMORANDUM
1. General Statement
On August 12th and 13th, 2003, accompanied by Mr. Nonoy Ruelo of MRL, the writer visited
the Lobo and Archangel project areas in order to update knowledge of these project areas in the light
of recent drilling results at Lobo and the acquisition of additional ground at Archangel. I summarise
my observations and conclusions with respect to these projects and offer suggestions for further
work.
2. Lobo
The Lobo project area hosts a classic high sulphidation precious metal - copper epithermal
system that is overprinted by low sulphidation gold mineralization. I consider that fluids from which
high sulphidation mineralization was deposited were channelled upwards along the intersection of
northeasterly- and northwesterly-striking dilatant structures from an underlying pluton. These fluids
were probably highly acid initially and dominated by metal chloro complexes in solution at relatively
high temperature. The resultant heat flux then caused the establishment of circulating cells of
meteoric water that cooled and diluted the upwelling acid solutions to the point where chloro
complexes were no longer stable and the solutions were unable to transport base metals. Gold,
however, continued to remain in solution, probably as thio complexes (Au + HS-), to be deposited
along the northeasterly-striking structures in zones of hydrothermal brecciation. This is illustrated
in plan in Figure 1and in section in Figure 2.
The greatest tonnage potential is at the intersection of northeasterly- and northwesterly-
striking structures where wide zones of hydrothermal brecciation and sulphide mineralization would
be expected. These zones will decrease in width to the northeast and southwest away from the
structural intersection. However, it is expected that these zones will widen again as they approach
another structural intersection and, thus, should exhibit a “pinch and swell” pattern along strike.
The structural pattern suggested here is supported by an earlier magnetic survey
interpretation in which northwesterly-striking structures are indicated by the alignment of magnetic
lows. I suggest that these magnetic lows may be the result of magnetite destructive alteration at the
top of a pluton or the overprinting of an early propylitic alteration assemblage
(chlorite+epidote+calcite+magnetite) by an argillic assemblage under which conditions magnetite
is not stable. This argillic assemblage would be spatially related to the same structures that localise
the magmatic hydrothermal plumes and, hence, should display roughly linear patterns.
Obviously there is a pluton at depth but of unknown size and, as yet, of unknown depth.
However, Philippine high sulphidation systems tend to be located close to a plutonic source, unlike
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high sulphidation systems in the Andes, for example. This is possible a function of elevated heat
flow within the thinner crust of an island arc environment giving rise to condensed isotherms relative
to a similar heat flux in a continental arc environment. Incidentally, I think that it is precisely this
reason that the controversy between those who advocate a magmatic source for epithermal
mineralization and those who deny it exists. Some of those who work in continental arcs tend to see
epithermal mineralization as being unconnected to porphyries (e.g. see the current Carlin
controversies) while those who work in island arcs see a direct genetic relationship because the
evidence is well displayed.
Further work should concentrate on defining more precisely the intersections of
northwesterly and northeasterly structures so that drillholes can be sited with the maximum effect and
minimum cost. Clearly the identification of hydrothermal breccia zones and copper sulphosalts
accompanied by barite and gold mineralization can be accomplished by detailed prospecting.
However, in areas of no outcrop or where younger cover exists detailed magnetic surveying or
reinterpretation of existing magnetic data may be fruitful. I am not familiar with all historical aspects
of exploration at Lobo but soil geochemistry would be an obvious task if not already undertaken.
Samples should be analysed for all elements indicative of the presence of fahlore minerals and other
sulphosalts; inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry would be ideal as barium would also
be included, an important indicator of gold in this environment.
3. Archangel
The prospects within the Archangel project area may be considered to be part of a single
mineralising system. Pulang Lupa, Kay Tanda and extensions into Philex ground are high level
manifestations of the underlying porphyry deposit inferred to exist at Balibago. Advanced argillic
alteration at Pulang and Kay Tanda, the result of supergene processes on a pyrite-rich auriferous low
sulphidation epithermal deposit, passes down into intermediate argillic alteration with illitic clays and
then into a cupriferous phyllic alteration zone that is interpreted to overlie a porphyry copper-gold
deposit at Balibago. The upward passage of hydrothermal solutions from an exsolving pluton at
depth became increasingly dominated by meteoric waters and, just as at Lobo a few kilometres to the
west, high sulphidation mineralization was overprinted by low sulphidation silver-gold
mineralization deposited by dilute, near neutral pH, waters. This, in turn, was overprinted by clay
alteration in an acid environment formed by the oxidation of pyrite in the supergene zone. Remnant
lithocaps, the product of acid leaching, remain at Pulang Lupa and Kay Tanda.
The host rock for precious metal mineralization at Kay Tanda and Pulang Lupa is probably
dacite and a brecciated dacite plug or dome is exposed on the coastal road below Kay Tanda.
Controlling structures for the upward passage of hydrothermal solutions are probably northeasterly-
striking faults related to a northeasterly “transfer” structure. It is expected that high sulphidation
mineralization may be found within and adjacent to these structures which, as a Lobo, may be
identified by examining linear zones of magnetite-destructive alteration. Such structures may also
have controlled the emplacement of dacite domes or plugs and the recognition of these features may
also aid in defining the controlling structures.
The exploration potential for the discovery of additional gold mineralization of similar or
greater grade than that at Kay Tanda is very high as indicated by the continuation of anomalous gold
in soils at Pulang Lupa and Kay Tanda to the northeast on neighbouring Philex ground. This
extension is also reflected in the fact that the mineralized zone recognised at Kay Tanda through
drilling by WMC and Chase Minerals is open to the east and appears to thicken in this direction.
Further work at Kay Tanda and neighbouring ground is definitely warranted. The area may
respond positively to induced polarisation surveying in that there appears to be a relationship between
gold and sulphides (mainly pyrite) in unoxidised rock and zones of high chargeability and low
resisitvity would present first order drill targets. In addition, metallurgical work should be
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carried out on auriferous material at Kay Tanda to determine its leach characteristics; i.e. to
determine whether it is sufficiently siliceous to leach without agglomeration (c.f. Paradise Peak,
Nevada) or whether agglomeration is required. Magnetic surveying should also be undertaken over
Kay Tanda and neighbouring areas to aid in defining northeasterly structures that may have acted as
conduits for mineralising solutions derived from the underlying pluton.
Balibago also warrants additional work and magnetic and induced polarisation surveying is
suggested over the phyllic alteration zone within and around the Balibago River valley. As at Kay
Tanda, this work should result in defining drill targets that may be tested by reverse circulation
drilling through overburden and phyllic altered rock and coring once potassic alteration is recognised.
Because the phyllic zone is exposed over a vertical interval of at least 150 metres, it is not expected
that potassic alteration will be at a particularly deep level.
David G. Bailey
August 29, 2003
N
Meteoric hydrothermal cells
Dilatant structures
SW HS complexes
NE
Cl complexes
(Au+/-Ag+/-Cu) (Cu+Ag+Au)
Pluton
Figure 2. Schematic section showing high sulphidation mineralization overprinted by a low sulphidation system.
Preliminary Structural Geological Observations in the Lobo,
Batangas Prospect of MRL
1. General Statement
The Lobo Prospect of MRL was visited from 13 to 14 October 2003 for the purpose
of evaluating geological structures in relation to pinching and swelling of gold vein
systems as deduced from recent surface mapping and drilling activity. Observations
during the visit and recommendations for possible future investigations are
summarized below. Particular reference is made to intersection of NE-SW and NW-
SE trending structures already detected from previous sub-surface geophysical
surveys (aeromag) and earlier suggested to be potential locations of vein swells (see
Bailey report, 29 August 2003).
2. Observations
Theoretically, veins that fill intersecting faults would tend to adopt the cross-structure
geometry of the fault intersection. Based on the preliminary data, such a vein
geometry cannot be recognized in Lobo.
1
• About 90% of the fractures (faults and shear planes) trend N050 on the
average. Dips are essentially directed NW at steep angles (75° on the average).
If the vein has a fairly regular tabular geometry, it is expected to maintain a
N060, 75°NW attitude at depth.
• A few fractures contain poorly-preserved slickensides suggesting both
oblique-normal (70° pitch) and oblique-dextral-slip (25° pitch) faulting (Photo
4).
This may suggest that the dilational structure that accommodated the vein fill may
have formed through a stress system that allows either alternate or simultaneous
(oblique) normal and strike-slip faulting. Such a stress system may be produced in a
transtensional tectonic setting (pull-apart) where shearing is not expressed as a well-
defined fault fracture but rather as a zone bounded by a shear pair. In structures
produced through such settings, it is common to find swelling at the center of dilation
and closing out at the ends towards the shear boundary (Fig. 2). Veins of this type
result from the filling in of transtensional en echelon tension gashes (Photo 5).
3. Recommendations
It is highly premature at this stage to identify possible locations of swells (for next
drill targets) and pinches in the Camo vein. Data gathered are very preliminary and
are far from being statistically valid. A better understanding of the structural nature of
the veins at Lobo may be achieved by pursuing further work.
2
Once ages, geochemical signatures and geometrical configurations are verified, the
tectonic setting of Lobo can be reconstructed back to the period when mineralization
(from ground preparation to mineral deposition) took place. This would certainly
allow for a better understanding of the relationship of structures and mineral
concentrations.
References:
Fig. 1. Plot of preliminary fault trends in and around the Camo and
Sampson Trends, Lobo Prospect, Batangas. Legend as in MRL map.
(Modified from Lobo Project Compilation Map, MRL)
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Fig. 2 “Pinch and swell” vein geometries in transtensional areas from
actual deposits worldwide. Note Philippine example in Acupan.
(Source: Corbett and Leach, 1995)
Photo 1 Exposure of the Sampson vein in the old Lobo Mine. Note
steep dip of vein to the left (NW). Swiss knife for scale.
4
Photo 2. Vein subcrop exposed at the summit of Peak 236m, SW of
the old Lobo Mine (near West Drift). Note gentler dip (NW) of shear
planes.
5
Photo 4. Oblique slickensides (pitch = 75°, in the direction of the red
arrow on the scale) observed on fault surfaces affecting the vein
exposure at Peak 236m near West Drift.