DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
Halaman Judul ..................................................................................................... i

Halaman Pengesahan ......................................................................................... iii

Halaman Persetujuan ...........................................................................................v

Halaman Agenda .............................................................................................. vii

Halaman Pesetujuan Publikasi .......................................................................... ix

Halaman Pernyataan Integritas .......................................................................... xi

Ringkasan ........................................................................................................ xiii

Summary ...........................................................................................................xv

Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................... xvii

Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................... xix

Daftar Gambar ............................................................................................... xxiii

Daftar Tabel .....................................................................................................xxv

Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................... xxvii

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ..............................................................................................1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah .........................................................................................3

1.3 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................3

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ...........................................................................................4

1.5 Manfaat penelitian .........................................................................................4

BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Pengertian Sampah ........................................................................................5

2.2 Jenis Sampah .................................................................................................6

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2.3 Karakteristik Sampah ................................................................................... 8

2.4 Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Jumlah Sampah ................................... 9

2.5 Pengaruh Sampah Terhadap Kesehatan ..................................................... 10

2.6 Pengelolaan Sampah ................................................................................... 11

2.6.1 Metode Pengelolaan Sampah ........................................................... 12

2.6.1.1 Penerapan Prinsik 3-R, 4-R atau 5-R ................................... 12

2.6.1.2 Pengomposan ....................................................................... 15

2.7 Sampah Kaleng Aluminium ....................................................................... 15

2.7.1 Manfaat Daur Ulang Aluminium Kaleng Bekas .............................. 16

2.8 Aluminium .................................................................................................. 16

2.8.1 Sifat Aluminium ............................................................................... 18

2.9 Mesin Pencacah .......................................................................................... 20

2.10 Mesin Pencacah Tipe Crusher.................................................................. 21

2.11 Bagian-Bagian dari Rancang bangun Mesin Pencacah Sampah

Kaleng Aluminium ......................................................................... 22

2.11.1 Poros ............................................................................................... 22

2.11.1.1 Hal yang Harus Diperhatikan Dalam PerencanaanPoros ... 22

2.11.1.2 Macam-Macam Poros Berdasarkan Pembebanan .............. 24

2.11.2 Bantalan .......................................................................................... 24

2.11.3 Pasak (key) ...................................................................................... 26

2.11.3.1 Sunk Keys ........................................................................... 26

2.11.3.2 Saddle Keys ........................................................................ 27

2.11.3.3 Tangent Keys ...................................................................... 28

2.11.3.4 Round Keys ........................................................................ 28

2.11.3.5 Splines ................................................................................ 29

2.11.4 Puli.................................................................................................. 30

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 2.11.5 Sabuk ...............................................................................................31

2.11.5.1 Sabuk Datar (Flat Belt) .......................................................32

2.11.5.2 Sabuk V 9V-Belt) ................................................................32

2.11.6 Motor Penggerak .............................................................................35

BAB 3 METODOLOGI PENELITIAN

3.1 Metode penelitian ........................................................................................37

3.2 Diagram Alir Penelitian...............................................................................37

3.3 Perhitungan yang digunakan pada perancangan .........................................37

3.3.1 Perhitungan daya motor penggerak ...................................................38

3.3.2 Analisa Kekuatan Poros ....................................................................39

3.3.3 Analisa Perhitungan dan Perancangan pasak ....................................40

3.3.4 Perencanaan Puli ...............................................................................41

3.3.5 Perencanaan sabuk ............................................................................42

3.4 Prosedur pengujian dan pengambilan data ..................................................43

3.5 Tabel hasil Yang Diharapkan ......................................................................44

3.6 Tabel Kegiatan Penelitian ...........................................................................46

BAB 4 PERANNCANGAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

4.1 Rancangan Alat Penghancur Sampah Kaleng Aluminium..........................47

4.2 Putaran Minimum Mesin .............................................................................47

4.3 Analisa Perhitungan Daya Motor Penggerak ..............................................48

4.4 Analisa Perhitungan dan Perancangan Poros ..............................................52

4.5 Analisa Perhitungan dan Perancangan Pasak ..............................................55

4.6 Perancangan Mata Pisau ..............................................................................58

4.7 Perhitungan Puli ..........................................................................................59

4.8 Perhitungan Sabuk ......................................................................................61

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4.9 Gambar Mesin Penghancur Sampah Botol Kaleng .................................... 61

4.10 Bentuk Susunan Mata Pisau ..................................................................... 61

4.10.1 Susunan Pertama ........................................................................... 62

4.10.2 Susunan Kedua .............................................................................. 63

4.10.3 Susunan Ketiga .............................................................................. 64

4.11 Hasil Pengujian Alat ................................................................................. 66

BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 71

5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................... 72

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 73

LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 76

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