KUIS 1

1.

Perhatikan gambar nomor 1 di atas

Hitung dan gambarkan :

a. Posisi titik berat bidang komposit

b. Salib sumbu x dan sumbu y pada bidang

c. Momen inersia (Ix, Iy, Ixy, Ip) melalui titik

```berat bidang

d. Sumbu utama dan momen inersia utama

PENYELESAIAN:

a. Titik Berat bidang komposit

- Titik Tengah
1 1
X1 = 2 𝑃 = 2 x 43 = 21,5 mm
1 1
X2 = (3 𝑎) + 𝑃 = (3 x 32.25)+ 43 = 53.75 mm
X3 = 𝑅 = 21.5 mm
 KUIS 1

1 1
Y1 = 2 𝐿 = 2 x 86 = 43 mm
1 1
Y2 = 3 𝑡 = 3 x 86 = 28,67 mm
4𝑅 4 21.5
Y3 =(3𝜋) + L = (3 𝑥 3.14) + 86 = 95,13 mm

- Luas Penampang
A1 = 𝑃 𝑥 𝐿 = 43 x 86 = 3.698 mm2
1 1
A2 = 2 𝑥 𝑎 𝑥 𝑡 = 2 x 32,25 x 86 = 1.386,75 mm2
1 1
A3 = 2 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 R2 = x 3.14 x (21.5)2 = 725,7325 mm2
2

- Titik Berat
𝑋1.𝐴1+𝑋2.𝐴2+𝑋3.𝐴3
∑x =
𝐴1+𝐴2+𝐴3
(21,5 𝑥 3.698)+(53,75 𝑥 1.386,75)+(21,5 𝑥 725,7325)
=
3.698+1.386,75+725,7325
(79.507+74.537,8125+15.603,2488) 𝑚𝑚3
=
5.810,4825 𝑚𝑚2
x’ = 29,1969 mm

𝑌1.𝐴1+𝑌2.𝐴2+𝑌3.𝐴3
∑y =
𝐴1+𝐴2+𝐴3
(43 𝑥 3.698)+(28,67 𝑥 1.386,75)+(95,13 𝑥 725,7325)
=
3.698+1.386,75+725,7325
(159.014+39.758,1225+69.038,9327) 𝑚𝑚3
=
5.810,4825 𝑚𝑚2
y’ = 46,0910 mm

b. Jadi titik berat bidang komposit diatas adalah (x’; y’) = (29,1969 ;
46,0910)
 KUIS 1

c. Momen Inersia melalui Titik Berat

- Penampang 1
1 1
Ix1 = 12 . b . h3 = 12 . 43 . (86)3 = 2.279.200,67 mm4
1 1
Iy1 = 12 . b3 . h = 12 . (43)3 . 86 = 569.800,167 mm4
Ixy1 = 0
1 1
Ip1 = 12 (b . h3 + b3 . h) = 12 (43 . [86]3 + [43]3 . 86) = 2.285.833,42 mm4

Jarak titik A ke titik x’ = 46,0910 – 43 = 3,091 mm

Jarak titik A ke titik y’ = 29,1969 – 21.5 = 7,6969 mm

- Penampang 2
1 1
Ix2 = 36 . b . h3 = 36 . 32,25 . (86)3 = 569.800,167 mm4
1 1
Iy2 = 36 . b3 . h = 36 . (32,25)3 . 86 = 80.128,148 mm4
1 1
Ixy2 = - 72 . b2 . h2 = - 72 . (32,25)2 . (86)2 = -106.837,531 mm4
1 1
Ip2 = 36 (b . h3 + b3 . h) = 36 (32,25 . [86]3 + [32,25]3 . 86) = 592.354,003 mm4

Jarak titik B ke titik x’ = 46,0910 – 28,67 = 17,421 mm

Jarak titik B ke titik y’ = 21,5 – 8,469 + 10,75 = 23,781 mm

- Penampang 3
1 8 1 8
Ix3 = πR4 (8 − 9π2) = (3,14) (21,5)4 (8 − 9(3,14)2) = 23.482,8893 mm4
1 1
Iy3 = 8 πR4 = 8 . (3,14) . (21,5)4 = 83.867,4619 mm4

Ixy3 = 0 (Karena sumbu y merupakan sumbu simetris)

 KUIS 1

1 8 1 8
Ip3 = πR4 (4 − 9π2) = 3,14 . (21,5)4 (4 − 9(3,14)2) = 107.350,351 mm4

Jarak titik C ke titik x’ = 95,13 - 46,091 = 49,039 mm

Jarak titik C ke titik y’ = 29,1969 – 21,5 = 7,6969 mm

Jadi Momen Inersia bidang komposit diatas :

Ix’ = {Ix-penampang 1 + [(A-x’)2 . A1]} + {Ix-penampang 2 + [(B-x’)2 . A2]} + {Ix-penampang 3

+ [(C-x’)2 . A3]}
Ix’ = {2.279.200,67 mm4 + [(3,091)2 mm2 . 3.698 mm2]} + {569.800,167 mm4 +
[(17,421)2 mm2 . 1.386,75 mm2]} + {23.482,8893 mm4 + [(49,039)2 mm2 .
725,7325 mm2]}
= 2.314.532,4 + 990.666,645 + 1.768.741,475254133
Ix’ = 5.073.940,520254133 mm4
= 0.00000507 m4 (Momen Inersia arah X)

Iy’ = {Iy-penampang 1 + [(A-y’)2 . A1]} + {Iy-penampang 2 + [(B-y’)2 . A2]} + {Iy-penampang 3

+ [(C-y’)2 . A3]}
Iy’ = {596.800,167 mm4 + [(7,6969)2 mm2 . 3.698 mm2]} + {80.128,148 mm4 +
[(23,781)2 mm2 . 1.386,75 mm2]} + {83.867,4619 mm4 + [(7,6969)2 mm2 .
725,7325 mm2]}
= 815.878,08 + 864.385,14191675 + 126.861,502
Iy’ = 1.807.124,72391675 mm4
= 0.000001807 m4 (Momen Inersia arah Y)

Ixy = Ixy1 + Ixy2 + Ixy3

= 0 + (-106.837,531) + 0
Ixy = -106.837,531 mm4
= -0,0000001068 m4

Ip = Ix’ + Iy’
= 5.073.940,520254133 + 1.807.124,72391675
Ip = 6.881.065,244170883 mm4 = 0,000006881 m4

d. Sumbu Utama dan Momen Inersia Utama

Hasil perhitungan momen inersia memberikan:
Ix = 5.073.940,520254133 mm4
Iy = 1.807.124,72391675 mm4
Ixy = -106.837,531 mm4
 KUIS 1

Dimana Persamaan Sumbu Utama:

2𝐼𝑥𝑦 2 𝑥 (−106.837,531)
Tan 2ϴp = − 𝐼𝑥−𝐼𝑦 = −
5.073.940,520254133 − 1.807.124,72391675
Tan 2ϴp = 0,065407747274751
2ϴp = 3,742° atau 183,742°

Sehingga ϴp = 1,871° atau 91,871°

Momen Inersia Utama:

𝐼𝑥+𝐼𝑦 𝐼𝑥−𝐼𝑦
Imax = + √( ) ^2 + (𝐼𝑥𝑦)2
2 2
5.073.940,520254133+1.807.124,72391675
= +
2
5.073.940,520254133−1.807.124,72391675
√(
2
) ^2 + (−106.837,531)2
= 3.440.532,622085442 + 1.636.898,170269012 mm4
= 5.077.430,792354454 mm4 = 0,0000507743 m4

𝐼𝑥+𝐼𝑦 𝐼𝑥−𝐼𝑦
Imin = - √( ) ^2 + (𝐼𝑥𝑦)2
2 2
= 3.440.532,622085442 - 1.636.898,170269012 mm4
= 1.803.634,45181643 mm4 = 0.00000180363 m4
 KUIS 1

2.

Perhatikan gambar nomor 2 di atas

Hitung :

a. Tegangan pada setiap bahan

b. Perpanjangan total yang terjadi jika nilai Modulus Elastisitas (E) sebagai berikut :

Bahan 1 Bahan 2 Bahan 3

NIM ganjil Baja Perunggu Perak
NIM genap Aluminium Tembaga Nikel

2. xy = 43
 KUIS 1

Hitung :
a. Tegangan pada setiap bahan
b. Perpanjangan total yang terjadi jika nilai Modulus Elastisitas (E) sebagai berikut :
Bahan 1 Bahan 2 Bahan 3
NIM ganjil Baja Perunggu Perak
9 9
E 200 x 10 100 x 10 83 x 109

Penyelesaian :

a. Tegangan pada setiap bahan

 Bahan 1
P = 100 kN A = 3.14 x 20 mm x 20 mm
= 100 x 103 = 1256 mm2
= 1 x 105 N = 1256 x 10-6 m2
= 125,6x 10-5 m2
𝑃
σ=
𝐴
= 1 x 105
125,6 x 10-5
= 0,00796 x 1010 N/m2
= 79,6 x 106 N/m2

 Bahan 2
P = 100 kN A = 3.14 mm x 25 mm x 25 mm
= 100 x 103 = 1962,5 mm2
= 1 x 105 N = 1962,5 x 10-6 m2
= 19,625 x 10-4 m2
𝑃
σ=
𝐴
= 1 x 105
19,625 x 10-4
= 0,0509 x 109 N/m2
= 50,9 x 106 N/m2

 Bahan 3
P = 400 kN A = 3.14 mm x 30 mm x 30 mm
= 400 x 103 = 2826 mm2
= 4 x 105 N = 2826 x 10-6 m2
= 28,26 x 10-4 m2
𝑃
σ=
𝐴
 KUIS 1

= 4 x 105
28,26 x 10-4
= 0,1415 x 109 N/m2
= 141,5 x 106 N/m2

b. Perpanjangan total
 Bahan 1 (Baja)
P = (-) 100 kN L = 49 mm A= 3.14 x 20 mm x 20 mm
= (-) 100 x 103 = 49 x 10-3 m = 1256 mm2
= (-) 1 x 105 N = 1256 x 10-6
E = 200 x 109 N/m2 = 125,6 x 10-5 m2

PxL
ΔL =
ExA
= (-1 x 105) (49 x 10-3)
(2 x 1011) (125,6 x 10-5)
= - 49 x 102
251,2 x 106
= - 0,195 x 10-4 m

 Bahan 2 (Perunggu)
P = 100 kN L = 98 mm A = 3.14 mm x 25 mm x 25 mm
= 100 x 10 3 = 98 x 10-3 m = 1962,5 mm2
= 1 x 105 N = 1962,5 x 10-6
E = 100 x 109 N/m2 = 19,625 x 10-4 m2

PxL
ΔL =
ExA
= (1 x 105) (98 x 10-3)
(1 x 1011) (19,625 x 10-4)
= 98 x 102
19,625 x 107
= 0,4993 x 10-4 m
 Bahan 3
P = 400 kN L = 122,5 mm A = 3.14 mm x 30 mm x 30 mm
= 400 x 103 = 122,5 x 10-3 m = 2826mm2
= 4 x 105 N = 2826x 10-6
E = 83 x 109 N/m2 = 28,26 x 10-4 m2

PxL
ΔL =
ExA
 KUIS 1

= (4 x 105) (122,5 x 10-3)

(83 x 109) (28,26 x 10-4)

= 490 x 102
2.345,58 x 105
= 2,089 x 10-4 m
 ΔL Total = Bahan 1 + Bahan 2 + Bahan 3
= (- 0,195 x 10-4 4 m) + (0,4993 x 10-4 m) + (2,089 x 10-4 m)
= (+) 2,3933 x 10-4 m (Memanjang)