ANDRES BONIFACIO

EMILIO JACINTO

EMILIO AGUINALDO
• “That is enough!” thought Bonifacio after the shocking
news of Rizal’s exile in Dapitan.

• “Insurrection”, Del Pilar wrote in La Solidaridad, “is the last

remedy, especially when people have acquired the belief
that peaceful means to secure the remedies for evils prove
futile.

• Their goal was transformed from assimilation to separation

then independence.
FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN
• Founded on the night of July 7, 1892.
• Azcarraga St (Claro M. Recto St.) in Tondo, Manila.
• Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang, Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan.
• Supreme and Most Honorable Society of the Children of the
Nation (English)
• Suprema y Venerable Asociacion de los Hijos del pueblo (Spanish)
• Founders are Andres Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa,
Deodata Arellano and Valentin Diaz
THE AIMS OF KATIPUNAN
• Political: Separation from Spain.
• Moral: Good morals, good hygiene.
• Civic: Self help and defense of the poor and oppressed.
• To unite the Filipinos into one solid nation
• To fight for Philippine independence from Spain. The
Katipunan prepared the country for an armed revolution
to regain the country’s lost freedom.
ORGANIZATION OF THE KATIPUNAN

The Katipunan has 4 levels of authority:

1. Kataastaasang Sanggunian (Supreme Council)

2. Sangguniang Bayan (Provincial Council)
3. Sangguniang Balangay (Municipal Council)
4. Sangguniang Hukuman (Judicial Council)
SECRET INITIATION OF THE
KATIPUNAN
• A candidate for membership was first blindfolded and
entered a secret room. In the room there was a table with
a lamp, a skull, and a bolo. The blindfold was removed from
his eyes. He was given a test on the history of the
Philippines to show that he knew the Spaniards had
oppressed the Filipinos. He had to pass other tests on his
patriotism, courage and sincerity.
KATIPUNAN MEMBERSHIP
• Originally the KKK recruited new members by means of TRIANGLE SYSTEM.
- An original member would recruit two new members who did not
know each other.
• They also agreed that they would pay a membership fee amounting to one real
fuerte (twenty-five centavos) and a monthly due of media real (twelve
centavos).
• First Grade: Katipun (associate)
- they wore black mask.
- their password was “Anak ng Bayan (Sons of the People).”
• Second Grade: Kawal (soldier)
- they wore green mask.
- their password was “GOM-BUR-ZA.”
• Third Grade: Bayani (patriot)
- they wore red mask.
- their password was “Rizal.”
KATIPUNAN FLAGS
ANDRES
BONIFACIO
• The Great Plebeian

• Father of the Philippine

Revolution

• Born in Tondo on
November 30, 1863, he
was named after St.
Andrew, patron saint of
Manila.

• He had three brothers

and two sisters: Ciriaco,
Procopio, Espiridiona,
Troadio, and Maxima
• His parents died when he was 14 years old.
• He supported his siblings by selling bamboo canes and paper fans in
the city streets.
• He also worked as a warehouse keeper in a mosaic tile factory in
Sta. Mesa.
• He educated himself by extensive reading of books and learning
Spanish by self-study.
• Monica Bonifacio – first wife of Bonifacio who died because of
leprosy
• Gregoria de Jesus – second wife of Bonifacio whom he had a son
named Andres who died because of smallpox
EMILIO
JACINTO
• Brains of the Katipunan
“Utak ng Katipunan”

• Born in Trozo (Tondo),

Manila in December 15,
1875.

• His father died shortly after

he was born so he adopted
by his uncle Don Jose
Dizon.

• Obtained the Bachelor of

Arts degree in Colegio de
San Juan de Letran

• Studied Law but not was

able to finish it.
• Remained loyal to Bonifacio even after his death.

• He died on April 16, 1899 at the age of 24 years old because of Malaria.
OFFICERS FIRST ELECTION AUGUST
(1892)
• Deodato Arellano – President

• Jose Rizal – Honorary President

• Andres Bonifacio – Comptroller/Auditor

• Ladislao Diwa – Fiscal

• Teodoro Plata – Secretarty

• Valentin Diaz – Treasurer

OFFICERS SECOND ELECTION
FEBRUARY (1893)
• Roman Basa – President

• Andres Bonifacio – Comptroller/Auditor

• Andres Bonifacio – Fiscal

• Jose Turiano Santiago – Secretary

• Vicento Molina – Treasurer

THIRD ELECTION DECEMBER (1895)
• Supremo – Andres Bonifacio

• Secretary of State – Emilio Jacinto

• Secretary of War – Teodoro Plato

• Secretary of Justice – Briccio Pantas

• Secretary of Interior – Aguedo del Rosario

• Secretary of Finance – Enrique Pacheco

• Every member of the Katipunan adopted a symbolic name:
Bonifacio – May Pagasa
Jacinto – Pingkian
Aguinaldo - Magdalo
• Women also joined the Katipunan.
Qualification:
1. Wife of a Katipunero
II. Daughter of a Katipunero
III. Sister of a Katipunero
IV. Any close relative of a Katipunero
PROMINENT KATIPUNERAS
• Gregoria de Jesus – wife of Bonifacio and was called
Lakambini of the Katipunan.

• Josefa and Trinidad Rizal – sisters of Jose Rizal

• Melchora Ramos y Aquino

LITERATURE OF THE KATIPUNAN
• Emilio Jacinto
– youngest and greatest writer of the Katipunan
– His pen name was Dimas-Ilaw
– He wrote the following:
A la Patria – his poetical masterpiece
Liwanag at Dilim – a series of essays in human rights, liberty,
equality of men, labor, and love of country.
Kartilya ng Katipunan – contains the teachings of the KKK.
• Decalogue (Ten Commandments of Katipunan)
Bonifacio wrote a Decalogue or 10 commandments
titled Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Duties
to be Observed by the Sons of the Country) to lay down
the guidelines for good citizenship.
He also wrote a patriotic poem Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang
Bayan (Love for Country)

• Kalayaan
News paper of the Kalayaan
JOSE RIZAL AND THE KATIPUNAN
• From the time that Rizal was banished in Dapitan in July of 1892, he
has devoted himself to helping the people in Dapitan.
• Bonifacio tried hard to convince Rizal to support the armed revolt,
because he believed that if Rizal would give his approval, that would
enable the reluctant ilustrados to support the cause of the
Katipunan.
• Pio Valenzuela – was sent by Bonifacio in Dapitan to convince Rizal
to his approval.
• Rizal – believed that it was foolishness to fight the Spaniards
without sufficient arms and funds.
PROPAGANDA VS. KATIPUNAN
• AIM : ASSIMILATION – INDEPENDENCE
• LEADERS : Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, Graciano
Lopez Jaena – Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Aguinaldo
• ORIGIN : 1860-1890s – July 7, 1892
• NEWS PAPER : La Solidaridad – Kalayaan
• END RESULT : FAILED - EXPOSED
 KARTILYA
NG
KATIPUNAN
• Treated as the Katipunan’s code of conduct.
• Classified into two:
First group – rules that will make the member an upright
individual
Second group – rules that will guide the way he treats his
fellow man
• Invocation of the inherent equality between and among men
regardless of race, occupation, or status.
• Kartilya repeatedly emphasized the importance of honor in words
and in actions.
I. The life that is not consecrated to a lofty and
reasonable purpose is a tree without a shade, if not
a poisonous weed.

“Ang kabuhayang hindi ginugugol sa isang malaki at

banal na kadahilanan ay kahoy na walang lilim, kundi
damong makamandag.”
II. To do good for personal gain and not for its own
sake is not virtue.

“Ang gawang magaling na nagbubuhat sa pagpipita

sa sarili, at hindi sa talagang nasang gumawa ng
kagalingan, ay di kabaitan. ”
III. It is rational to be charitable and love one's
fellow creature, and to adjust one's conduct, acts
and words to what is in itself reasonable.

“Ang tunay na kabanalan ay ang pagkakawang

gawa, ang pagibig sa kapua at ang isukat ang bawat kilos,
gawa’t pangungusap sa talagang Katuiran.”
IV. Whether our skin be black or white, we are all
born equal: superiority in knowledge, wealth and
beauty are to be understood, but not superiority
by nature.

“Maitim man at maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng

tao’y magkakapantay; mangyayaring ang isa’y higtan sa
dunong, sa yaman, sa ganda…; ngunit di mahihigtan sa
pagkatao. ”
V. The honorable man prefers honor to personal
gain; the scoundrel, gain to honor.

“Ang may mataas na kalooban inuuna ang puri sa

pagpipita sa sarili; ang may hamak na kalooban inuuna
ang pagpipita sa sarili sa puri.”
VI. To the honorable man, his word is sacred.

“Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa.”

VII. Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered
but not time lost.

“Huwag mong sasayangin ang panahun; ang

yamang nawala’y magyayaring magbalik; nguni’t
panahong nagdaan na’y di na muli pang magdadaan.”
VIII. Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor
before the law or in the field.

“Ipagtanggol mo ang inaapi, at kabakahin ang

umaapi.”
IX. The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful
in keeping secrets.

“Ang taong matalino’y ang may pagiingat sa bawat

sasabihin, at matutong ipaglihim ang dapat ipaglihim. ”
X. On the thorny path of life, man is the guide of woman
and the children, and if the guide leads to the
precipice, those whom he guides will also go there.

“ Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ay siyang

patnugot ng asawa’t mga anak; kung ang umaakay ay tungo sa
sama, ang patutunguhan ng iaakay ay kasamaan din. ”
XI. Thou must not look upon woman as a mere plaything,
but as a faithful companion who will share with thee the
penalties of life; her (physical) weakness will increase thy
interest in her and she will remind thee of the mother
who bore thee and reared thee.

“Ang babae ay huwag mong tignang isang bagay na libangan

lamang, kundi isang katuang at karamay sa mga kahirapan nitong
kabuhayan; gamitan mo ng buong pagpipitagan ang kaniyang
kahinaan, at alalahanin ang inang pinagbuhata’t nagiwi sa iyong
kasangulan. ”
XII. What thou dost not desire done unto thy wife,
children, brothers and sisters, that do not unto
the wife, children, brothers and sisters of thy
neighbor.

“Ang di mo ibig na gawin sa asawa mo, anak at

kapatid, ay huwag mong gagawin sa asawa, anak, at
kapatid ng iba.”
XIII. Man is not worth more because he is a king, because his nose is aquiline,
and his color white, not because he is a priest, a servant of God, nor
because of the high prerogative that he enjoys upon earth, but he is
worth most who is a man of proven and real value, who does good, keeps
his words, is worthy and honest; he who does not oppress nor consent to
being oppressed, he who loves and cherishes his fatherland, though he be
born in the wilderness and know no tongue but his own.

“Ang kamahalan ng tao’y wala sa pagkahari, wala sa tangus ng ilong at puti ng

mukha, wala sa pagkaparing kahalili ng Dios wala sa mataas na kalagayan sa balat ng
lupa; wagas at tunay na mahal na tao, kahit laking gubat at walang nababatid kundi
ang sariling wika, yaong may magandang asal, may isang pangungusap, may dangal at
puri; yaong di napaaapi’t di nakikiapi; yaong marunong magdamdam at marunong
lumingap sa bayang tinubuan. ”
XIV. When these rules of conduct shall be known to all, the longed-for sun
of Liberty shall rise brilliant over this most unhappy portion of the
globe and its rays shall diffuse everlasting joy among the confederated
brethren of the same rays, the lives of those who have gone before, the
fatigues and the well-paid sufferings will remain. If he who desires to
enter (the Katipunan) has informed himself of all this and believes he
will be able to perform what will be his duties, he may fill out the
application for admission.

“Paglaganap ng mga aral na ito at maningning na sumikat ang araw ng mahal na

Kalayaan dito sa kaabaabang Sangkalupuan, at sabugan ng matamis niyang liwanag ang
nangagkaisang magkalahi’t magkakapatid ng ligaya ng walang katapusan, ang mga ginugol na
buhay, pagod, at mga tiniis na kahirapa’y labis nang natumbasan. Kung lahat ng ito’y mataruk
na ng nagiibig pumasok at inaakala niyang matutupad ang mga tutungkulin, maitatala ang
kaniyang ninanasa sa kasunod nito. ”