CONTENTS
Acknowledgements ....................................................................iii
Introduction .................................................................................1
Abbreviations .............................................................................2
Roles and Responsibilities .........................................................3
APPENDICES ..........................................................................77
Emergency Manager Deployment Checklist ............................78
Rapid Health Assessment Forms ............................................79
Reference Values for Rapid Health Assessment and
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
ii
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This pocket tool is a project of the Department of Health-
Health Emergency Management Staff (DOH-HEMS), with
support from the World Health Organization-Regional Office for
the Western Pacific Region (WHO-WPRO).
The review and revision for this second edition was done
through the efforts of Dr. Emmanuel S. Prudente, under the
technical supervision of Dr. Arturo M. Pesigan of Emergency and
Humanitarian Action (EHA) of the WHO-WPRO.
Acknowledgement is also given to Dr. Carmencita A. Banatin,
Dr. Marilyn V. Go, Dr. Teodoro J. Herbosa, Dr. Josephine H.
Hipolito, Ms. Florinda V. Panlilio, Dr. Arnel Z. Rivera, Dr. Edgardo
Sarmiento and Dr. Xiangdong Wang, who reviewed the text and
provided valuable comments. Lay-out and cover design was
done by Mr. Zando Escultura.
ABBREVIATIONS
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA)
CHD Center for Health Development
CMR Crude Mortality Rate
CSR Communicable disease Surveillance and Response
DND Department of National Defense
DOH-HEMS Department of Health-Health Emergency
Management Staff
DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development
EHA Emergency and Humanitarian Unit
EMS Emergency Medical Services
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EPI Expanded Program of Immunization
ER Emergency Room
IEC Information, Education and Communication
HEICS Hospital Emergency Incident Command System
LGU Local Government Unit
MUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
NBI National Bureau of Investigation
NDCC National Disaster Coordinating Council
NEC National Epidemiology Center
NEHK New Emergency Health Kit
NGO Nongovernmental organization
NNC National Nutrition Council
NPDEP Nutrition Preparedness in Disasters and
Emergencies Plan
OpCen Operation Center
PHC Primary Health Care
PNRC Philippine National Red Cross
RDCC Regional Disaster Coordinating Council
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
WHO-WPRO World Health Organization-Office for the Western
Pacific Region
WMD Weapons of Mass Destruction
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
3
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
PREPARING
FOR EMERGENCIES
2. Capability Building
! training needs assessment
! human resource development
! training of trainers
! database of experts
! tabletop drills and exercises
3. Facilities Development
! standardization/mprovement/upgrading of ER, ambulance,
Operation Center, hospitals
! procurement of supplies, communications and equipment
4. Networking
! organization of the health sector
! coordination and planning
! memorandum of agreement with stakeholders
! networking activities
5. Disaster Planning
! vulnerability and hazard assessment
! all-hazards emergency operations plan
! specialized planning for uncommon incidents (e.g. SARS,
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
7
PREPARING FOR EMERGENCIES
WMD)
! communication plans
! hospital preparedness and response plans
8. Systems Development
! Logistics Management System
! Management Information System
! Communication System
1. Vehicles
2. Communications equipment
3. Back-up power supplies
4. Computers, printers, facsimiles and photocopying
machines
5. Water testing sets
6. Food supplements
7. Temporary shelter capacities
8. Funding requirements
9. Personal protective equipment
5 Ps of Facilitation:
1. PURPOSE explains the overall aim of the session.
! Have ground rules, a clear agenda, and desired
outcomes.
roadblocks.
! Sort issues by categories and types.
! Approve the agenda before starting the meeting.
I. Background
Present the following:
! geographic description
! disasters that have occurred
! gaps in response
! hazard maps
! vulnerabilities and risks
V. Management Structure
a. Explain the organization (an accompanying diagram is
essential)
b. Specify command, control, lead organization and
coordination
VII. Strategies
RESPONDING
TO EMERGENCIES
Hours 0-2
Immediate Response:
1. Assess the situation
2. Contact key health personnel
3. Develop initial health response objectives and establish an
action plan
4. Establish communication and maintain close coordination
with the EOC
5. Ensure that the site safety and health plan is established,
reviewed, and followed
6. Establish communication with other key health and medical
organizations.
7. Assign and deploy resources and assets to achieve
established initial health response objectives
8. Address health-related requests for assistance and informa-
tion from other agencies, organizations and the public
9. Initiate risk communications activities
10.Document all response activities
Hours 2-12
Intermediate Response:
1. Verify that health surveillance systems are operational
2. Ensure that laboratories likely to be used during the response
are operational and verify their analytical capacity
3. Ensure that the needs of special populations (e.g., children,
disabled persons, elderly, etc.) are being addressed
4. Manage health-related volunteers and donations
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
18
RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES
5. Update emergency risk communication messages
6. Collect and analyze data that are becoming available through
health surveillance and laboratory systems
7. Periodically assess health resource needs and acquire as
necessary
Hours 12-24
Extended Response:
1. Address psychosocial and mental health concerns
2. Prepare for transition to extended operations or response
disengagement
3. Address risks related to the environment
4. Continue health surveillance/epidemiologic services
5. Ensure that local health systems are preserved and access to
health care, including essential drugs and vaccines, is
guaranteed
(Adapted from CDC's Public Health Emergency Response Guide.)
1. Executive Summary
2. Main Issue
a. Nature of the emergency (causative and additional
hazards, projected evolution)
b. Affected area (administrative division, access)
c. Affected health facilities
d. Affected population (sex/age breakdown)
3. Health Impact
a. Direct impact: reasons for alert (3 main causes of
morbidity/mortality, CMR, under-5 mortality rate, acute
malnutrition rate)
b. Other reasons for concern (e.g., trauma, reports/rumors of
outbreak)
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
20
Triaging
PRE-HOSPITAL ACTIVITIES
Objective:
To quickly identify victims needing immediate stabilization or
transport and the level of care needed by these victims by
assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC's).
Color Tagging
RED TAG
PRE-HOSPITAL ACTIVITIES
YELLOW TAG
GREEN TAG
BLACK TAG
Last priority:
a. death or moribund state
CODE WHITE
HOSPITAL ACTIVITIES
7. otorhinolaryngologists
8. 2nd response team should be on call
9. EMS, nursing personnel and administrative personnel
residing at the hospital dormitory shall be placed on on-call
status for immediate mobilization
CODE BLUE
CODE RED
Full Activation is put into effect when more than 50 (red tag)
casualties are momentarily anticipated, expected or suddenly
brought to the hospital. The situation may require more than one
hospital to respond by sending an on-scene team.
HOSPITAL ACTIVITIES
If there is a strong possibility that there would
be a need to change the alert status from code
white to blue to red, the Chief of Hospital is
authorized to:
1. Cancel all leaves of personnel and for them
to report to the hospital.
2. Put back-up teams on standby within the
hospital for rapid deployment.
3. Take other steps necessary to respond to
the emergency situation (e.g. cancel
elective surgeries, etc.).
Notes on Immunization
! A single suspected measles case is sufficient to prompt an
immediate immunization response. Life-saving measles
vaccine should be made available immediately targeting all
infants and children 6-59 months of age. The suggested
target age group may be expanded up to 15 years, if feasible,
in areas where there is substantial crowding.
Nutrition Preparedness
1. Planning: Every effort should be done to formulate an inter-
sectoral and comprehensive plan (i.e., NNC's Nutrition
Preparedness in Disasters and Emergencies Plan or NPDEP).
NUTRITION CONCERNS
6. Cultural and Indigenous Habits: Customs should be taken
into consideration in food management.
Energy Requirements
For initial planning purposes:
! Average daily energy requirement : 2,100 kcal/person/
day
! When the data are available, the planning figure should be
adjusted according to:
! Physical activity level add 140 kcal for moderate activity,
350 kcal for heavy activity (e.g., during construction or land
preparation works)
! Age/sex distribution when adult males make up more than
50% of the population, requirements are increased; when the
population is exclusively women and children, requirements
are reduced.
! Special needs of pregnant and lactating women
a. Pregnant women
? Need an additional 300 kcal/day
? If malnourished, need another 500 kcal/day
? Should receive iron and folate supplements
b. Lactating women
? Need an additional 500 kcal/day
? If malnourished, need another 500 kcal/day
? Should receive sufficient fluids, taking into account
activity
NUTRITION CONCERNS
Ideal Foods for Disaster
! Carbohydrate sources rice, root crops, bread, noodles
! Protein sources eggs, canned meat and fish, fresh meat and
fish, dried meat and fish, milk
! Fat sources cooking oil, margarine
! Vitamin and mineral sources fruits and vegetables
! Others coffee and other beverages
Nutritional Assessment
The most widely accepted practice is to assess malnutrition
levels in children aged 6-59 months as a proxy for the population
as a whole. Reports should always describe the probable causes of
malnutrition, and nutritional edema should be reported separately.
Age Dose
6-11 months 100,000 IU
1-5 years 200,000 IU
Feeding Recommendations
! Up to 6 months of age: Encourage mothers to exclusively
breastfeed as often as the child wants, day and night, at least
8 times in 24 hours. Do not give any other fluid or food.
NUTRITION CONCERNS
! 2 years and older: Give three meals of family food per day.
Also, give nutritious snacks, twice daily.
Notes on Breastfeeding
! Breastfeeding's multiple advantages are especially important
during emergencies (i.e., protection from infection and its
consequences, contraceptive effect, privileged nurturing
moment important for both mother and child). Every effort
should be made to identify ways to breastfeed infants whose
mothers are absent or incapacitated. Every effort should be
made to create and sustain an environment that encourages
frequent breastfeeding for children under two years of age.
WATER SUPPLY
Provision of adequate amounts of drinking
water is of utmost importance after disaster. It
should first be made accessible to victims and
relief workers and in essential locations, such
as hospitals and treatment centers. After
drinking water is secured within stricken areas,
making water available for domestic uses (such
as cleaning and washing) should be
considered.
Assessment
1. Assess water resources for human consumption to ascertain
the availability of water (quantity and quality) in relation to the
demand.
2. Estimate the demand, identify possible sources and assess
the possibility of developing these resources.
3. Consult local people in the identification of water sources to
be developed.
4. Tap the expertise of the local Sanitary Engineer in the
assessment of the water resources and the conduct of
sanitary survey.
5. Always consider seasonal factors in the assessment.
Organization
1. Organize water allocations between the host community and
the evacuees to prevent overstraining water resources.
2. Evaluate the technology used in the water supply system to
ensure that continuous and long-term operational needs are
within reach of the community and the evacuees.
3. From the start, involve the evacuees in the maintenance and
operation.
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
39
WATER SUPPLY
WATER SUPPLY
8. Maintain and update information on water resources obtained
during needs assessment, planning, construction, operation
and maintenance.
Intermediate Response
1. If the minimum amount of water cannot be made available
from local sources, recommend transfer to another
evacuation camp.
2. If storing the water in tanks is employed, the storage should
be tested periodically.
3. Domestic hygiene and environmental health measures
should be observed in order to protect the water between
collection and use.
Organize a distribution system that prevents pollution of the
source and ensures equity if water is insufficient.
Water Need
1. Minimum Demand (per person per day); calculate the
following:
a. 2 liters for drinking
b. 10 liters for food preparation and cooking
c. 15 liters for bathing
d. 15 liters for laundry
e. 10 liters for sanitation and hygiene
2. Quality: To preserve public health, a large amount of
reasonably safe water is preferred over a small amount of
purified water.
3. Control: Bacteriological, biological, chemical, physical and
WATER SUPPLY
evening; with free residual chlorine of 0.7 ppm.
8. Shallow Well: for toilet flushing and cleaning
9. Water Points:
! Distance between Water Point and Users: 150 m (max.)
! Minimum Number of Water Points: 1 tap per 250 users
! Queuing time at a water source is no more than 15
minutes.
! It takes no more than three minutes to fill a 20-liter
container.
Assessment
Excreta Disposal
1. What is the current defecation practice (including anal
cleansing)? If it is open defecation, is there a designated
area?
2. Is the current defecation practice a threat to water supplies
(surface or ground water) or living areas?
3. Are there any existing facilities? If so, are they used, are they
sufficient and are they operating successfully? Can they be
extended or adapted?
4. What is the ratio of domestic facilities to population?
5. What is the maximum one-way walking distance for users?
6. Are people prepared to use pit latrines, defecation fields,
trenches, etc.?
7. What is the level of the groundwater table?
8. Are soil conditions suitable for on-site excreta disposal?
9. Do current excreta disposal arrangements encourage
vectors?
10. Are there materials or water available for anal cleansing?
How do people normally dispose of these materials?
11.How do women manage issues related to menstruation? Are
there appropriate materials available for this?
Drainage
1. Is there a drainage problem (e.g. flooding of dwellings or
toilets, vector breeding sites, polluted water contaminating
living areas or water supplies)?
2. Is the soil prone to water logging?
3. Do people have the means to protect their dwellings and
toilets from local flooding?
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
44
Immediate Action
1. Localize defecation and prevent contamination of water
supply.
2. Collect baseline data of the site and locate zones for sanitary
facilities.
3. Develop appropriate systems for the disposal of excreta,
refuse and wastewater.
4. Plan the number and location of sanitary facilities and
services to be established and provided.
5. Establish sanitation teams for the construction and mainte-
nance of facilities.
6. Set up services for vector and vermin control.
7. Set up services for management of dead bodies
8. Establish a monitoring and reporting system.
9. Include environmental health as an integral part of health
promotion.
Excreta Facilities
1. Communal Trench Latrine: for 50 persons, 1.2 m x 0.3 m x
0.6 m. Use only soil for cover.
2. Pit Latrine: 1 seat for 20 persons, 1.2 m x 0.6 m x 0.6 m
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
45
SANITATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
1. Storage:
! 100-liters capacity per 10 families
! Distance from users: 15 m (max.)
! Bulk storage bin: centralized bin for temporary storage
before collection
! No contaminated or dangerous health waste in living or
public spaces
2. Collection: organize a camp refuse collection team
3. Disposal:
! Burial: Communal Open Pit, 1.2 m x 1.2 m x 1.8 m
! Cross Fire Trench Incinerator: for 20 families (2.4 m x 0.3
m x 0.3 m)
! Barrel and Trench Incinerator, Bailleul Incinerator, Inclined
Plane Incinerator, Open Corrugated Iron Incinerator, Rock
Pit Incinerator, Drying Pan Incinerator and Open Turf
Incinerator: for 10 families
! Final disposal does not create health or environmental
problems
Health-care Wastes
Security fence
Earth mound to
Cement or prevent surface
50cm of embedded water from flowing
soil cover wire mesh into the pit
Soil or soil-lime
layer
2 to 5m
Bio-medical
waste
Bottom clay
layer
1 to 2m
Another method involves placing the sharps waste in hard
containers such as metal drums and adding an immobilizing
material such as bituminous sand, clay or cement mortar. The
container or drum can be sealed and buried in a trench or
transported to a local landfill.
(For other strategies, please see WHO (2004). Management of solid health-care
waste at primary health-care centres: A decision-making guide. Geneva: World
Health Organization.)
Assessment
1. What are the vector-borne disease risks and how serious are
these risks?
2. If vector-borne disease risks are high, do people at risk have
access to individual protection?
3. Is it possible to make changes to the local environment (by
drainage, excreta disposal, refuse disposal, etc.) to discour-
age vector breeding?
4. Is it necessary to control vectors by chemical means?
5. What information and safety precautions need to be provided
to households?
Preventive Measures
a. Conduct vermin population density survey.
b. Vulnerable populations are settled outside of the malar-
ial/dengue zone.
In areas of known malaria risk:
! spraying of shelters with residual insecticide and/or
retreatment/distribution of insecticide-treated mosquito
nets in areas where their use is well-known.
In areas endemic of dengue:
! water storage containers should be covered to prevent
them from becoming mosquito-breeding sites. Attempts
should be made to eliminate pooled water which may be
gathering amongst the debris.
c. Vector breeding or resting sites modified.
d. Screening of living quarters.
e. Rats, flies and other mechanical nuisance pests kept within
Chemical Control
a. 1 sprayer for every 50 families
b. 1 misting machine for every 50 families
c. 1 fogging machine for every 500 families
d. Fumigation for the camp, if needed (with proper precautions);
done under the supervision of an emergency Sanitary
Engineer
e. Adulticides: for crawling and flying insects
f. Rodenticide: for rats and mice (under some conditions)
g. Larviciding: introduction of local bioremediation microbes
Flies:
1. Count the average number of flies that land on a grill placed
where flies congregate during three 30-second periods.
(from: Lacarin, CJ and Reed RA (1999) Emergency Vector Control Using
Chemicals, Water, Engineering and Development Center (WEDC),
Loughborough.)
Application:
! Hazard mapping
! Analysis of vulnerability
! Assessment of the flexibility of the existing local system for
emergency
! Assessment of needs and damages
! Monitoring health problems
! Implementation of disease-control strategies
! Assessment of the use and distribution of health services
! Etiological research on the cause of mortality and morbidity
! Follow-up long-term impacts of health, etc.
Signs of Burnout:
! Low energy and exhaustion
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
62
Management of Burnout
! Rotation of work assignments to allow time away from the
daily routine of disaster work for those in the field
! Rest and recreation program for those in active duty
! CISD sessions should be done regularly for those in the field
! Superiors and the agency itself should provide for situations
to give credit, express appreciation and recognition of their
disaster workers at regular intervals
! Provision of appropriate assistance for those who might
require counseling and/or specialist psychiatric attention
2. Personnel
! Tap medico-legal officers from the NBI or PNP and local
government doctors.
! Mobilize volunteers like medical and dental students or
specialists from the area.
7. Examination of Remains
! Objectives of the postmortem examination:
? Identification of the remains
? Cause of death determination
? Manner of death determination
? Collection of forensic evidence
! In emergency situations, usually the critical need is to
identify the victims.
! Identification through visual identification by the next-of-kin
should be limited to bodies that are suitable for viewing
(i.e., not decomposed, burnt or mangled) and should be
subject to verification by other means.
! A more reliable system of identification entails an
objective comparison of antemortem and postmortem
information.
! Because of limited resources, not all bodies can undergo a
full autopsy; priority may be given to certain remains (such
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
68
Dental records
Clear photograph with teeth bared
Fingerprints on file
! Note that personal items that a person believed to be
among the victims could have used (e.g., toothbrush,
hairbrush, other items), could potentially contain reference
fingerprints or DNA samples.
11.Disposal of Dead
! Respond to the wishes of the family and provide all
possible assistance in final disposition of the body.
! Burial is the preferred method of body disposal in
emergency situations unless there are cultural and
religious observances that prohibit it.
? The location of graveyards should be agreed upon by
the community and attention should be given to ground
conditions, proximity to groundwater drinking sources
POCKET EMERGENCY TOOL
70
12.Other concerns
Ensure that there is a plan for the psychological and
physical care for the relief workers. Handling a large number
of corpses can have an enormous impact on the health of the
working team.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Donation Labeling and Donation Marking
RED — foodstuff
BLUE — clothing and household items
GREEN — medical supplies/equipment
1. Labeling:
! Consignments of medicines branded green should
indicate expiry date and temperature controls.
! English should be used on all labels.
3. Contents
! Relief supplies must be packed by type in separate
containers.
! Value of relief goods is lost if there is no color-coding.
! Give advance notice to the health relief coordinator and
supply information about the package (e.g., name and
contact number of donor, date, method of transport, details
of contents, and other special requirements for handling).
Communication Objectives:
2. Conduct notifications
RISK COMMUNICATION
! Determine what your organization is doing in response to
the event.
! Determine what other agencies/organizations are doing.
! Determine who is being affected by this crisis. What are
their perceptions? What do they want and need to
know?
! Determine what the public should be doing.
! Determine what's being said about the event. Is the
information accurate?
4. Organize assignments
! Identify the spokesperson for this event.
! Determine if subject matter experts are needed as
additional spokespersons.
! Determine if the organization should continue to be a
source of information to the media about this emergency,
or would some issues be more appropriately addressed by
other government entities?
9. Monitor events
Media Management
Stick to facts, and put them in context
! There is no such thing as 'off-the-record'.
Everything you say and do can be reported.
Be careful with what you say in the
presence of journalists, even after a formal
interview is finished and at social gatherings
! Never make disparaging or critical remarks
about local authorities or international
partners
! Do not mention weaknesses they might be
all that is reported
RISK COMMUNICATION
Spokespersons must be supported by authority with
the following:
! Information and facts
! Resources and contacts
! Equally competent alternate
Press Releases:
! Titles and opening lines are the most important parts grab
attention and encourage awareness
! Put key points in first paragraph
! Text needs to be brief (max. A4)
! Use language appropriate for the audience
! Advocate for health in general
! Share credit and visibility with partners
APPENDICES
YES NO
1. Did you receive your orders?
2. Is/are the mission objective/s clear?
3. Did you inform your family?
4. Do you have with you
a. Mission order?
b. Identification card?
c. Emergency call number directory?
d. Mission area map?
e. List of contact persons/numbers?
f. Communication equipment?
g. Cell phone? Mobile phone?
h. Handheld radio & accessories?
i. Pocket notebook & ball pen?
j. Laptop computer?
k. Transistor radio (with extra batteries)?
l. Basic PPE (cap, mask, gloves)?
m. Cash & reimbursement vouchers?
n. Water canteen?
o. Food provisions?
p. First aid kit?
q. Backpack with clothing & blanket?
r. Flashlight/candles & matches?
s. Portable tent (if available)?
t. Mosquito repellent?
u. Pocket knife?
v. Digital camera?
w. Pocket Emergency Tool?
HEMS FORM 1
as of ____________________.
A. Magnitude of Event
No. of
Families &
No. of No. of No. of Individuals
Municipality Families Individuals Evacuation in Evac'n
Province /City Affected Affected Centers Centers
TOTAL
B. Consequences
TOTAL
F. Actions Taken
G. Problems Encountered
H. Recommendations
HEMS FORM II
Death: __________________________________________
Injured: __________________________________________
Treated on site: _________________________________
Referred to hospital: _____________________________
OPD: _________________________________________
Admitted: ______________________________________
Missing: __________________________________________
Total: ___________________________________________
D. Problems Encountered
E. Recommendations
B. Consequences
C. Actions Taken
D. Problems Encountered
E. Recommendations
Basic Needs
Average Requirements
Water
Quantity 20 L/person/day
Quality 200 persons/water point
In hospital settings more water per person is
needed
Sanitation
Latrine Ideally one per family; minimum of one seat
per 20 persons
6 to 50 meters from housing
Waste disposal 1 communal pit per 500 persons;
size: 2 m x 5 m x 2 m
Soap 250 g/per person/per month
Shelter
Individual 4m2/person
requirements
Collective 30m2/person
requirements including shelter, sanitation, services,
community activities, warehousing access
Household fuel
Weight of firewood 15 kg/household/day
with one economic stove per family, the
needs may be reduced to 5 kg/stove/day
Boys continued
Girls
Length Girls' weight (Kg)
(cm) Median -1 SD -2 SD -3 SD -4 SD
90% 80% 70% 60%
49 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.2 1.8
50 3.4 3 2.6 2.3 1.9
51 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.3 1.9
52 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.4 2
53 3.9 3.4 3 2.5 2.1
54 4.1 3.6 3.1 2.7 2.2
Continued on next page
Girls continued
Health Assistance
Before
Disaster: After Disaster:
12 month 12 month
prevalence prevalence Type of aid
Description rates rates recommendations
Severe disorder (e.g., 2-3 % 3-4% Make mental health care
psychosis, severe available through general
depression, severely health services and in
disabling form of anxiety community mental health
disorders, etc.) services
Mild or moderate mental 10% 20% 1. Make mental health care
disorder (which over the available through general
(e.g., mild and moderate years reduces to health services and in
forms of depression and 15% through community mental health
anxiety disorders natural recovery services
including PTSD) without 2. Make social interventions
intervention) and basic psychological
support interventions
available in the community
Moderate or severe No estimate 30-50% Make social interventions and
psychological distress (which over the basic psychological support
that does not meet years will reduce interventions available in the
criteria for disorder, that to an unknown community
resolves over time or extent)
mild distress that does
not resolve over time
Mild psychological No estimate 20-40% No specific aid needed
distress, that resolves (which over the
over time years increase
as people with
severe problems
recover)
RADIO PROCEDURES
Good communications are essential for management and security.
Use the correct prowords and phonetic alphabet. Spell only important
words.
A — Alpha N — November
B — Bravo O — Oscar
C — Charlie P — Papa
D — Delta Q — Quebec
E — Echo R — Romeo
F — Foxtrot S — Sierra
G — Golf T — Tango
H — Hotel U — Uniform
I — India V — Victor
J — Juliet W — Whiskey
K — Kilo X — X-ray
L — Lima Y — Yankee
M — Mike Z — Zulu
Numerals should be transmitted digit by digit except round figures
as hundreds and thousands. Repeat only important numbers.
CONVERSION TABLE
Temperature
Centigrade to Fahrenheit: Multiply by 1.8 and add 32
Fahrenheit to Centigrade: Subtract 32 and multiply by 0.555
NAME ADDRESS
National
Department of Health-Philippines (DOH) http://www.doh.gov.ph
National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) http:/www.ndcc.gov.ph
Phil. Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical http://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph
Services Administration (PAGASA)
Phil. Institute of Volcanology & Seismology http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph
(PHIVOLCS)
Phil. Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) http://www.dost.gov.ph/pnri
Phil. National Red Cross http://www.redcross.org.ph
Asian
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) http://www.adpc.ait.ac.th
Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC) http://www.adrc.or.jp
Asian Disaster Reduction & Response Network http://www.adrrn.net
WHO
Emergency and Humanitarian Action (EHA) http://www.who.int/disasters
Regional Office for the Western Pacific http://www.wpro.who.int/sites/eha
(WPRO)-EHA
European Region- Emergency Preparedness http://www.euro.who.int/emergencies
and Response Programme
Pan-American Health Organization http://www.paho.org/english/ped
(PAHO)- Disasters & Humanitarian Assistance
Regional Office for the South-East Asia (SEARO) http://w3.whosea.org/index.htm
Essential Drugs and Medicines policy http://www.who.int/medicines
Injuries and Violence Prevention http://www.who.int/violence_injury_
prevention
Mental Health http://www.who.int/mental_health
Nutrition http://www.who.int/nut
Reproductive Health http://www.who.int/reproductive_health
Water and Sanitation http://www.who.int/water_sanitation
_health
PAHO SUMA http://www.disaster.info.de
sastres.net/SUMA
Centro Regional de Informacion Sobre Desastres http://www.crid.or.cr/crid
Health Library for Disasters http://www.helid.desastres.net
Other UN Agencies
UNAIDS http://www.unaids.org
UN Disaster Management Training Program http://www.undmtp.org
(UNDMTP)
UN Environmental Programme http://www.unep.org
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) http://www.unhcr.ch
UN International Children's Educational Fund http://www.unicef.org
(UNICEF)
Continued on next page
WEBSITES
Websites continued
NAME ADDRESS
UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction http://www.unisdr.org
UN Population Fund http://www.unpfa.org
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian http://ochaonline.un.org
Affairs (UN-OCHA)
World Bank http://www.worldbank.org
World Food Programme http ://www.wfp.org
Other International Organizations
Emergency Management Australia (EMA) http://www.ema.gov.au
Federal Emergency Management Agency http://www.fema.gov
(FEMA), USA
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention http://www.cdc.gov
(CDC), USA
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry http://atsdr1.atsdr.cdc.gov:8080/
hazdat.html
EM-DAT: Center for Epidemiology and Disaster http://www.cred.be/emdat/
(CRED) International Disaster Database
Databases on Emergency Statistics and http://www.md.ucl.ac.be/entites/
Bibliographic References (CRED) esp/epid/mission
International Directory of Emergency Centers http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/
for Chemical Accidents (2000) 0/39/1933385.pdf
World Meteorological Organization http://wmo.ch/web/www/reparts/
expert-ERA-0498.html
Alertnet http://www.alertnet.org
Disaster Relief http://www.disasterrelief.org
International Committee of the Red Cross http://www.icrc.org
International Federation of Red Cross and Red http://www.ifrc.org
Crescent Societies
Medecins Sans Frontiers http://www.msf.org
One World http://www.oneworld.net
Organization for Economic Co-operation http://www.oecd.org
and Development
Relief Web http://www.reliefweb.int
Refugee Nutrition Information System http://acc.unsystem.org/scn/
publications/html/rnis.html
Reproductive Health for Refugee Consortium http://www.rhrc.org
(RHRC)
Sphere Project http://www.sphereproject.org
American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) http://www.acep.org
Natural Hazards Center at the University http://www.colorado.edu/hazards
of Colorado
Central Investigation Agency (CIA) Factbook http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/
factbook
General
1. WHO. Essentials for emergencies.
2. WHO. (2003). Emergency response manual (provisional version).
3. CDC. Public health emergency response guide for State, Local, and
Tribal Public Health Directors Version 1.0. Atlanta, Georgia: Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention.
4. Sphere Project (2004). Humanitarian charter and minimum
standards in disaster response. Geneva: The Sphere Project.
5. UP Open University/DOH/WPRO. Emergency Medical Services
System Manual. Postgraduate Course in Health Emergency
Management, Module 3: Public Health Issues in Emergencies.
August 14-20, 1999.
6. UP Open University/DOH/WPRO. Emergency Medical Services
System Manual. Postgraduate Course in Health Emergency
Management, Module 5: Emergency Medical Services System.
August 14-20, 1999.
Communicable Diseases
1. WHO (2005). Communicable disease control in emergencies: A field
manual. Geneva: World Health Organization.
2. WHO (2004). Technical note: Post-tsunami flooding and
communicable disease risk in affected Asian countries. Geneva:
World Health Organization.
Nutrition
1. WHO (2003). Guiding principles for feeding infants and young
children during emergencies. Geneva: World Health Organization.
2. Joint UNICEF WHO ISP (2005). Recommendations on infant
feeding in emergencies. Jakarta, Indonesia January 7, 2005.
Environmental Health
1. WHO (2004). Management of solid health-care waste at primary
health-care centres: A decision-making guide. Geneva: World Health
Organization.
REFERENCES
2. WHO/SEARO. (2005) Planning Emergency Sanitation. Technical
Notes in Emergencies, Technical Note No. 12. India: WHO/Regional
Office for South Asia.
3. Lacarin, CJ and Reed RA (1999) Emergency Vector Control Using
Chemicals, Water, Engineering and Development Center (WEDC),
Loughborough.
Resource Management
1. WHO. (1999). Guidelines for drug donation 2nd ed. Geneva: World
Health Organization.
Risk Communication
1. CDC (2002). Crisis and emergency risk communication. Atlanta,
Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Hospitals
EMERGENCY CALL NUMBER DIRECTORY
Hospitals continued
Western Visayas Medical Ms. Freida Sorongon, RN (033) 321-1797
Center, Mandurriao, 0919-4316384
Iloilo City
Gov. Celestino Gallares Dr. Edgar Pizarras (038) 411-3185
Memorial Hospital, 0918-5047051
Tagbilaran City
Vicente Sotto Memorial Dr. Joseph Al Alesna (032) 253-9891 loc 134
Medical Center, Cebu City 0917-5469234
Eastern Visayas Regional Dr. Adelaida Asperin (053) 321-3129
Medical Center, 0919-5540022
Tacloban City
Margosatubig Regional Ms. Nona Galvez, RN
Hospital, Margosatubig,
Zamboanga del Sur
Zamboanga City Medical Dr. George Rojo (062) 991-8523
Center, Zamboanga City 0919-4970004
Amai Pakpak Medical Center, Engr. Emmanuel Cadut (063) 352-0070
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur
Mayor Hilarion Ramiro Dr. Proceso Mintalar (088) 521-0022
Regional Training & 0917-5803174
Teaching Hospital, Mindog,
Maningcol, Ozamis City
Northern Mindanao Medical Dr. Enrique Saab (08822) 726-362
Center, Cagayan de 0917-4042987
Oro City
Davao Medical Center, Dr. Ricardo Audan (082) 227-2731 loc 4116
Davao City 0927-3455823
Davao Regional Hospital, Dr. Sergio Dalisay (084) 400-4416
Apokon, Tagum City 0920-9219690
Cotabato Regional Medical Dr. Dimarin Dimatingkal (064) 421-2340 loc 303
Center, Cotabato City 0917-7266737
Baguio General Hospital Dr. Manuel Quirino (074) 443-5678
& Medical Center, 0920-9117224
Baguio City
Luis Hora Memorial Regional Dr. Edgardo Bolombo 0919-4418559
Hospital Abatan, Bauko,
Mt. Province
Adela Serra Ty Memorial Dr. Amando Gen Barbadillo (086) 211-3700
Medical Center, Tandag, 0918-5848214
Surigao del Sur
Caraga Regional Hospital, Dr. Panfilo Jorge Tremedal (085) 341-2579
Butuan City 0916-8283513