Nave Tehnice

HYDROSTAR FOR EXPERTS
USER MANUAL
June 2016
This document has been prepared for the users of HydroStar for version V7.3 and above and
deals with the aspects related to the computation of first and second order loads and motions
for arbitrary bodies in deep and finite depth waters, with or without forward speed.
Research Department
BUREAU VERITAS
92571 Neuilly-Sur-Seine
Tel: +33 (0)1 55 24 70 00
Fax: +33 (0)1 55 24 70 26
HydroStar For Experts BV (1991-2016) is distributed by Bureau Veritas.

First Printing, April 2006
Revised, August 2007
Revised, September 2007
Revised, April 2008
Revised, October 2008
Revised, December 2008
Revised, March 2009
Revised, May 2010
Revised, March 2011
Revised, March 2012
Revised, July 2013
Revised, July 2014
Revised, July 2016
c
Bureau Veritas
Contacts:
Bureau Veritas France Dr. Xiao-bo CHEN

e-mail: xiao-bo.chen@bureauveritas.com
Guillaume de HAUTECLOCQUE
e-mail: guillaume.de-hauteclocque@bureauveritas.com
Charles MONROY
e-mail: charles.monroy@bureauveritas.com
Bureau Veritas China Haixia Xu

e-mail: haixia.xu@cn.bureauveritas.com
Cong YU
e-mail: cong.yu@cn.bureauveritas.com
Bureau Veritas Korea Yun-Suk CHUNG

e-mail: yun-suk.chung@kr.bureauveritas.com
Bureau Veritas USA Maxime Le Poupon

e-mail: maxime.le-poupon@bureauveritas.com
Bureau Veritas Brazil Flávia REZENDE

e-mail: flavia.rezende@bureauveritas.com
Release Notes
Version 6.00:
• Correction of bug in hsrdf for finite water depth and when no symmetry condition was
used (example, multi-body in finite water depth).
• Inclusion of side-wall effects in hsrdf (page 5-6).
• Construction of transfer function of relative motions between two bodies in hsrao
• Construction of QTFs according to O(∆ω) approximation in hsrao
• Correction of bug in hsmcn on the hydrostatic stiffness for the applications with tanks
• Modification of hsmcn for the applications with tanks: the global mechanical properties
including the liquid in tanks must be given
• Modification of the limit on the number of characters of the input files. The name of the
input files was limited in the previous versions to 15 characters and has been extended to
80 characters
• Modification of the limit on the number of characters of the FILENAME used in the input
file of hsrdf and hsmcn . In the previous versions the limit was 3 characters. It has been
extended to 15 characters.
• Construction of input files for Ariane v7 in hsrao .
• Modification of hsrsn . Not only the resonance frequencies are displayed in the screen,
but also the Eigen vectors associates to each resonant mode.
• Use of "LU decomposition" for the solution of the linear system instead of "Gauss Elimi-
nation".
• Modification of computation progress display in hsrsn . The computation time for each
frequency as well as the remaining computation time are displayed in the screen.
Version 6.10:
• More efficient compilation. Calculation about 40% faster.
• Middle-Field implementation improved in hsqtf , the control surface can now coincide
with the free surface, this leads to better convergence
• Automatic control surface generation improved (Multi-body, more parameters)
• Manual updated (phase convention error corrected and more details about the 2nd order
calculations)
• Modification in output for Ariane7 (Added mass format changed) in hsrao
• Spectral tool "StarSpec v1.10’ included. hspec and hslps are available in HydroStar console.
For further information, refer to StarSpec user guide.
Version 6.11:
• Install (improved) : Restart not needed anymore
• HSlec (bug fixed) : Automatic free-surface generation in some multi-body cases fixed
• HSchk (bug fixed) : Visualisation of sections for bodies with very low draft
• HSmcn (bug fixed) : Recombination of several HStnk calculations fixed
• HSmcn (new) : Calculation of multi-body cases with internal tanks (in only one body)
• HSmcn (improved) : Beam damping model linearisation improved for better convergence
• HSmcn (bug fixed) : NOTANKS option fixed
• HSqtf (bug fixed) : Number of heading in HSqtf calculation not limited to 50 anymore
• HSrao (bug fixed) : Ariane7 output when HSdft is not run works
• HSrao (new) : Wave reference point written in Ariane7 output
• HSrao (new) : Orcaflex output
• HSpec (new) : Long-term extrem associated to a probability in a reference duration
• HSpec (new) : Short-term extrem associated to a probability in a sea-state duration
• HSpec (new) : Spline interpolation of RAOs
• HSpec (new) : Wrapped normal spreading
• HSwav (bug fixed) : Crash with some meshes, fixed
2 Bureau Veritas Research Department

Version 6.20:
• HSpec (bug fixed) : Problem with m2 calculation when using both speed and spreading
fixed
• HSpln (new) : New module to interpolate through HSrdf results
• HSrdf (new) : Iterative solver as an option (Keywords : "SOLMETHOD GMRES")
• HSbln (new) : New module to equilibrate a ship on still water
• HSdft (new) : Side wall effect option
• HSqtf (bug fixed) : Correction of vertical 2nd order loads (Affected only moments Mx
and My with Near-Field formulation.)
Version 7.00:
• General (new) : MPI parallelization of HSrdf, HSdft, HSqtf, HSprs, HSamg , HSwld and
HSmod (see 12)
• HSrdf (new) : Wave current interaction option (see 5.4).
• HSpg2 (new) : High frequency 2nd order loads (see section 10.4)
• General (improvement) : Better integration of influence coefficient
• General (Warning) : Temporary binary files are not compatible with previous version,
Project has to be performed with v7.0 from the start (hslec ).
• HSmcn (new) : Can take into account internal tanks in different bodies (6.2.6)
• HSrdf (new) : Separated Froude-Krylov loads output (see 11)
• HSqtf/HSdft (bug fixed): Correction in the calculation of vertical moment (My and Mx)
second order loads.
• HSrao (new) : New RAO format, file contains both amplitude and phase.
• HSrao (new) : Picture output to different format (jpg, png, eps, emf...)
• HSrao (new) : Excel output (see 11)
• HSope (new) : Module to perform operation on RAOs, (replace raoop.exe tools)
• HSpec (new) : Time domain reconstruction, rainflow counting (see StarSpec user manual)
• HStnk (improved) : Performance (speed) of HStnk improved
• General : Minor bugs fixed and additional warning message.

• Shell (bug fixed) : Minor bugs fixes
NOTE : The HSrao module has been re-written and the output format changed. If for some
reason the old-formats required, the old executable is available with the command ’old-hsrao’.
Version 7.01:
• HSpec (new) : Intermittent wetting option (see StarSpec user manual).
• HSpec (new) : Enhanced design wave calculation (see StarSpec user manual).
• HSrao (bug fixed) : Header of RWE raos now displays the correct forward speed value.
Version 7.02:
• HStnk (new) : MPI parallelisation
• HSprs (new) : SIDEWALL WIDTH option
• HSprs (new) : Parallelization also with INTANK option
• HSprs (change) : pmd format (for "Homer2" hydro-structure software)
• HSpec (bug fixed) : RAO symmetrisation when heading provided from 180 to 360
Version 7.03:
• HSprs/HSrao (change) : Decomposed velocities output
• HSlps (bug fixed)
• HSrdf (bug fixed) : problem with forward speed and no symmetry (x64 only)
Version 7.1:
• Installer : 32bits or 64bits version is automatically chosen and installed.
• HScut (new) : Module to cut a mesh at the desired draft (hscut)
• HSrao (new) : Output of pressure inside tank (INTANKPRS, see section 11.1.5)
• HSprv (new) : New module to output paraview animations (see section 13)
• HSmcn (new) : Pendulum mechanic (see section 6.2.9)
• HSmcn (new) : Option to calculate hydrostatic from waterplane area (HYDSWPLANE,

see section 6.2)
• HSmod (new) : Generalized mode calculation in finite water-depth
• HStat (new) : Still water internal loads (see section 7.1)

• HStat (new) : Improvement of the mass distribution description (see section 7.1)
• HSlps (bug fixed) : Launch of HSprs with MPI
• HSrao (new) : Option "AT" for decomposed pressure (see section 11.1.5)
• HSwld (new) : Internal load calculation with additional stiffness matrix (see section 7.1)
• HSpec (new) : Output of roll RAOs for each sea-state when stochastic linearisation is
used.
• HSdft (improved) : For calculation with forward speed, convective term taken into ac-
count.
• HSrsn (new) : Output of the amount of wave damping in percentage of the critical
damping for each eigen mode.
• HSfem (deleted) : HSfem development is dropped
• Manual (improved) : Additional explanations and corrections have been included in the
manual
• HSamg (bug correction) : Correction of full QTF yaw moment.
• HStnk : Full tank (see section 5.8)
• HSrdf/HStnk : Infinite frequency (INFFREQ keyword, see section 5)
Version 7.2:
• StarViewer (New) : Interactive tools to visualize RAOs and QTFs (svplt command)
• Wave calculator (New) : Interactive tools that solves the scattering relationship (com-
mand "wavecalc")
• General (New) : Command "setRLM" to handle license installation and roaming
• General (New) : Command "testRLM" to test the license in the dos shell
• General (improved) : Parallel calculation on remote drive
• Documentation : Tutorials added (Quadratic roll damping, internal loads for non-slender
bodies)
• HSdft/HSqtf (bug correction) : Calculation of 2nd order vertical loads with non vertical
waterline panels (correction in HSlec).
• HStnk (bug correction): Infinite frequency when tank damping is used.
• HSdft (bug correction): Mean drift calculation with forward speed, when several headings
are calculated

• HSpec (bug correction): COMBINE option
Version 7.21:
• HSrao(correction) : Ariane v7.1 output (for "convolution" option )
• HSrao(correction) : Output of pressure in internal tanks
Version 7.22:
• General (correction) : Parallel computation on 32 bits OS (bug introduced in v7.2 )
Version 7.23: Version 7.23 is a minor functional and bug-fix release.
• hsrao (correction) : Orcaflex output when frequencies are not ordered
• hsmcn (correction) : INFFREQ option together with several "FILENAME" keyword is

now allowed
• hsmdf (correction) : Bug correction for multi-directional drifts
• HSchk (Improved) : Tank meshes are also checked (not only hull)
• General (Improved) : Additional warning/error messages
• General (improved) : No more password required for multi-processor computation
Version 7.25: Version 7.25 is a minor functional and bug-fix release.
• hsrao (correction) : Output for Ariane8
• HSpec (correction) : Expiration date (dec 2015) removed
• StarViewer (Improved) : Spectral plots

Version 7.3:
• convert (new) : Command to convert mesh format (see 4.1)
• hview (new) : New 3D visualisation tools, replace hvisu (See 3.11.1)
• HSpec (new) : Custom spectrum as input
• HSrao (new) : Roll center output (see subsection 11.1.4)
• HSrdf/HStnk (new) : Direct output of hydrodynamic coefficients (tmp/rdfCoefs)
• HSmcn (Improved) : Linearisation of morison loads has been improved, possibility to

linearise on irregular sea-states
• hsdft (Improved) : Better handling of warped panel at waterline.
• General : MPI library switched from MPICH2 to intelMPI (intelMPI does not require
administrator privilege to run properly)
• General : From v7.3 HydroStar supports only 64bits OS. HydroStar v7.25 is the last
version supporting 32bits OS
• StarViewer (improved) : Spectral plots and time serie reconstruction added.
• StarViewer (change) : "hsplt" command now launches StarViewer. Old display (gnuplot)
is moved to "gnplt"
• hspec (fixed) : "COMBINE" option fixed
• hsrao (fixed) : Ariane exports (wave reference point in multi-body case).
• Documentation : Tutorials added (in HydroStar installation directory).
• HSpec (improved) : Response spectrum in encounter frequency
• HSpec (New) : Gamma spectrum (include Torsethaugen specctum as particular case)
• HStat (New) : More general way to input mass distribution (see 7.1)
• ICE (Experimental) : Integrated Calculation Environment (HydroStar ICE), new tool to

ease HydroStar work-flow (See dedicated manual).
Contents
Release Notes 1
Introduction 1
1 Getting Started 4
1.1 Hardware configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 HydroStar interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4 Running tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Overview 7
2.1 HydroStar structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Conventions used in HydroStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 Units used in HydroStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3 Reading the Mesh 15

3.1 Input file format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2 Input file for a single body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.3 Input file for multi bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.4 Input file including dissipation zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.5 Input file including tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.6 Input file including free-surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.6.1 Read user defined panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.6.2 Automatic free-surface mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.7 Reading the input file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.8 Getting information about the mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.9 Preliminary verificaton of the mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.10 Checking the hydrostatic properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.11 Visualization of the mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.11.1 Hview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

CONTENTS
3.11.2 Visu4D - hvisu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4 Mesh Generation 41
4.1 Mesh conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.2 Single simple geometry mesh generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.3 Bodies composed by various simple geometries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.3.1 Example of Input file for hsmsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.3.2 Generating the mesh using hsmsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.4 Use AMG to generate Mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.5 Mesh equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.6 Mesh cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5 Diffraction radiation computation 55

5.1 Input file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.2 Elimination of irregular frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.3 Encounter frequency approximation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.4 Wave-current interaction formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.5 Sidewall Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.6 Diffraction and radiation computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.7 Radiation/Diffraction interpolation : HSpln module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5.8 Radiation computation inside tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
6 Motion Computation 64
6.1 Input data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
6.2 Input file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
6.2.1 Centre of Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.2 Gyration Radius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.3 Inertia Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
6.2.4 Stiffness Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.2.5 Damping Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6.2.6 Internal tank in multi-body calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.2.7 Adding Morison elements to the model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.2.8 Wave-current interaction formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.2.9 Pendulum mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.3 Computing the vessel’s motions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
7 Global wave efforts computation 78

7.1 Section inertia from mass distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
7.2 User defined section inertia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

CONTENTS
8 Waves visualization 85
9 Pressure and wave elevation computation 88
10 Second order computation 91

10.1 Mean drift loads in uni-directional waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
10.1.1 Input file for hsdft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
10.1.2 Checking and visualizing the control surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
10.1.3 Running hsdft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
10.2 Mean drift loads in bi-directional waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
10.2.1 Input file for hsmdf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
10.2.2 Running hsmdf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
10.3 Full QTF computation in uni- and bi-directional waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
10.3.1 Input file for hsamg and hsqtf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
10.3.2 Running HydroStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
10.4 High frequency 2nd order loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
10.4.1 Input file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
10.4.2 Lauching the high-frequency 2nd order calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
11 Construction of the transfer functions 100

11.1 Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
11.1.1 Hydrodynamic coefficients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
11.1.2 Motion, velocities and acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
11.1.3 Pendulum motions and tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
11.1.4 Roll center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
11.1.5 Pressure and relative wave elevation (after running hsprs) . . . . . . . . . 106
11.1.6 Internal loads (after running hswld) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
11.1.7 Mean drift loads in uni and bi-directional waves (after running hsdft or
hsmdf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
11.1.8 QTF in uni-directional waves (after running hsqtf or hspg2) . . . . . . . 110
11.1.9 QTF in bi-directional waves (after running hsqtf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
11.1.10 General options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
11.1.11 Common parameters for 1st order RAOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
11.1.12 Interface with other softwares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
11.2 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
11.2.1 One body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
11.2.2 Two bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
11.3 Running hsrao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
11.4 Operation on RAOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

12 Parallel computation 117
12.1 Message Passing Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
12.2 Launch of parallel computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
12.3 List of parallelized programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
12.4 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
13 Paraview output, HSprv module 120

13.1 Generation of paraview files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
13.2 Get the HStar2Paraview button in paraview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –122
A Examples A–1
A.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A–1
A.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A–16
B Index of commands B–1
C VISU4D interface C–1

Introduction
HydroStar is the hydrodynamic software developed in Bureau Veritas since 1991, that provides
a complete solution of first order problem of wave diffraction and radiation and also the QTF
of second order low-frequency wave loads for floating body with or without forward speed in
deep water and in finite water depth. Theoretical details can be found in the numerous papers
available in the "Doc" folder of HydroStar installation directory. [1] provides a good overview
of the theoretical background of hydrostar.
For the versions 4.0 and above, the QTF (Quadratic Transfer Function) of second-order
wave loading can be computed by using three different formulations: the new middle-field
formulation plus the classical near-field formulation consisting of direct pressure integration
and the far-field formulation derived from the theorem of momentum conservation. In version
5.0 the near-field and middle-field formulations have been extended to the case of cross waves
not only for the calculation of mean drift loads but also for the QTF of low-frequency loads.
Additionally, the control surface needed when middle-field is used can be now automatically
generated by the program.
The following advanced fonctionalities are present in HydroStar :
• Fairly perfect fluid formulation: In the classical potential theory there’s no limit
in predicting resonant wave kinematics while the resonant motion is in reality largely
damped by different mechanisms. In order to avoid unrealistic resonant wave motion, we
have added a fictitious force to the momentum equation in the same way as Guével (1982)
to represent the energy dissipation of various sources without modifying the inviscid and
irrotational properties. As a result a dissipation term is present in the classical boundary
condition over the free surface. The formulation of the so-called "fairly-perfect fluid"
is a sound-basis applicable for a number of analysis. One example of application is the
prediction of wave kinematics in the gap between two vessels in side-by-side configuration.
• Green function and influence coefficients: The integral equation of the first-order
boundary value problem is derived by making use of the Green theorem. The Green
function involved in the wave diffraction and radiation problem is then formulated as the
fundamental solution expressed by the Fourier-Hankel integral. The finite depth Green
function is decomposed into the deepwater Green function and two regular functions rep-
resenting the effect of the seabed. The regular functions are then evaluated accurately and

CONTENTS
approximated by Chebychev polynomials of three variables. Furthermore, the involved

special functions and the deepwater Green function are also approximated by Chebychev
polynomials of one and two variables, respectively. It is shown that polynomial approxi-
mations are extremely efficient in computation of the Green function. Furthermore, the
originality and interesting features of the formulation of the Green function in water of fi-
nite depth given in Chen (1993) lead us to develop our efficient algorithms of its numerical
computation.
• Removal of irregular frequencies: In the Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) we

make use of the Green function which satisfies the governing equation in the fluid domain.
Thus, the real physical problem exterior to the body surface and the fictitious interior
problem are solved at the same time. If the Green function is chosen in such way that the
interior problem has no unique solution at some eigen-frequencies, the exterior solution
will be also affected and important numerical errors will arise around these frequencies.
The method adopted to remove those irregular frequencies is the extension of the BIE
to a fictitious free surface in the interior of the body, taking advantage of the fact that
we can modify the boundary value problem in the interior domain in such way that it
has a unique solution. If we discretize the interior surface in an appropriate way, we may
eliminate all the irregular frequencies or at least shift them sufficiently far away. The
interior surface mesh is automatically generated by HydroStar .
• Seakeeping-sloshing coupled analysis: In HydroStar we consider the seakeeping and

the sloshing problems separately. For the sloshing problem, only the linear case is con-
sidered. An interior boundary value problem is formulated associated to the six degrees
of motions of the tank. The results obtained for both, the exterior and interior problems
are combined at the computation of the motion equation. As no damping is obtained in
the potential theory for the closed problem of the tank, we have modified the boundary
condition at the tanks walls, in order to include a dissipation parameter with the aim of
simulating the energy disspation caused by viscous effects. This dissipation parameter
gives an artificial damping which should be calibrated against model tests results.
• Formulations for second-order loads computations: The user of HydroStar is able

to choose between different formulations for the computation of second-order loads. In
addition to the classical near-field and far-field formulation, the middle-field formulation
has been implemented. This formulation written on the control surface at some distance
from the body, has the same virtue as the far-field formulation to have rapid numerical
convergence for horizontal drift loads. Furthermore, in the case of multiple bodies, the
control surface can be one surrounding an individual body and the wave loads applied on
the surrounded body are then obtained, while the far-field formulation provides only the
sum of wave loads applied on all bodies and cannot give access to the wave loads on one
individual body. An important application of the developed method is the multi-body
interaction.
• Low-frequency loads in cross waves:

In the common practice, only the long-crested seas are used for the design of floating
systems. At the most, a directional spreading is considered for the first-order motions.

CONTENTS
At the first-order, the effects of directionality may be obtained by a simple sum of the
effects of the uni-directional waves independently. However, for the second-order loads,
the interaction between two waves coming from different directions may lead to additional
loading term that could represent an important part of the total second-order load acting
on the system. In HydroStar , the near-field and the middle-field formulations have been
extended to the case of cross waves. Not only the mean drift loads, but also the full QTF
of low-frequency loads can be computed.
In order to simplify the understanding of this user manual, the first two chapters provide
preliminary information on the installation and conventions used in the software, followed by
the chapters which are organized in the order of the execution of HydroStar in its common
applications.

Chapter 1
Getting Started
This chapter provides instructions for the installation of HydroStar and for making test runs in
order to check if the installation was well done.
1.1 Hardware configuration

The following minimum hardware configuration is necessary to run HydroStar :
• PENTIUM 500MHz as a minimum;
• 600 MB free on the Hard Disk ;
• 512 MB RAM as a minimum;
• Windows 64bits (among XP, Vista, 7, 8 10)
• Graphic Card allowing OPENGL emulation.
1.2 Installation
In order to install HydroStar , the user must follow the steps below:
1. Install the program Run the "HydroStar_vx.x" installer and follow the instruction (re-
quires administration privilege). The setup of HydroStar can be now downloaded on the
website www.veristar.com.
2. Install the licence To install the license, use the shortcut "Set license" that should have
been created in "start => Program/Bureau Veritas/HydroStar". If your license is a
node-locked one, browse to your license file and click install. If the license is a server one,
indicate the server name and port (default is 5053) and click install.
If there’s any problem in installing HydroStar please contact your local HydroStar support.

CHAPTER 1. GETTING STARTED
1.3 HydroStar interface

After having installed HydroStar , a shortcut of the program will be created in the user’s
computer work area. Double click the icon and the following HydroStar "DOS-like" window
will be opened.
===========****HydroStar For Experts V7.3 ****===========

--------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2016
A new generation of hydrodynamic software
for offshore and naval applications
Hstar>>
To find out the working directory, type "pwd" and to change directory, just type cd
"path":
Hstar>>pwd
C:/BVeritas/Hydrostar
Hstar>>cd c:/hydro/study
To quickly access to this manual, the "man" command can be used.

===========****HydroStar For Experts V7.3 ****===========
--------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2011
A new generation of hydrodynamic software
for offshore and naval applications
Hstar>>man

CHAPTER 1. GETTING STARTED
1.4 Running tests

Some test examples can be found in the folder "/examples" and can be used to check whether
the program was correctly installed. The test examples also provide to the users the possibility
of using and modifying the input files for tutorial purposes.
To run the test examples the user may follow the instructions provided in the following
chapters of this manual

Chapter 2
Overview
HydroStar is a powerful 3D diffraction/radiation potential theory 3-D panel software for

wave-body interactions taking into account multi-body interaction, effects of forward speed
and dynamic effects of liquid motions in tanks. Evaluation of 1st and 2nd order wave loads,
motions, accelerations, relative motions, wave elevation is dedicated to all structure systems in
deep and finite depth waters with or without speed.
HydroStar is conceived to enhance technical excellence and productivity. It brings together

numerous advantages and functionalities to meet high level requirements:
• Rapid results as it uses efficient advanced algorithms
• Elimination of irregular frequencies
• Mixed panel - beam model
• Multi-body interaction
• Wave tank effect and wave attenuation in harbor
• Inputs for air gap analysis, green water & slamming estimation
• Linear and non-linear wave loads
• Multi-directional second order loads
• Dynamic effects of liquid motion in tanks
• Account for resonant effects of moonpool
• Automatic Transfer of Hydrodynamic pressure loads to FEM;
• Fully interfaced with VeriStar Offshore mooring and structural software

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
2.1 HydroStar structure

HydroStar is structured into the following main modules:
• hslec : reading the mesh;

Input: body’s geometry (coordinates, panel connectivity and condition of symmetry);
Output: hydrostatic properties of the body (Volume, center of buoyancy, wetted surface,
waterplane area and inertia, etc.);
• hsbln : Balance the mesh;

Input : Mesh, up to the deck.
Output : Equilibrated mesh, ’cutted’ at the waterline.
• hsrdf : radiation and diffraction computation;

Input: wave conditions (wave frequencies and headings, water depth);
Output: elementary solutions including added-mass, radiation damping and wave excita-
tion loads;
• hstnk : radiation computation inside a tank;

Input: same as for hsrdf
Output: added mass for each tank included in the calculation.
• hsmcn : motions computation;

Input: mechanic properties (mass distribution, additional stiffness and additional damp-
ing matrices);
Output: motions of floating bodies;
• hsdft : second-order drift computation in uni-directional waves;

Input: choice of formulation type (far-field, near-field or far field);
Output: second order drift loads in uni-directional waves;
• hsmdf : second-order drift computation in bi-directional waves;

Input: choice of formulation type (near-field or middle field);
Output: second order drift loads in bi-directional waves;
• hsamg : pre-processing for second-order low-frequency computation in uni- and bi-

directional waves;
Input: choice of formulation type (near-field or middle field); difference-frequencies and
wave frequencies for the computation.
Output: input files for hsqtf ;

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
• hsqtf : second-order low-frequency computation in uni- and bi-directional waves;

Input: choice of formulation type (near-field or middle field); difference-frequencies and
wave frequencies for the computation.
Output: second order low-frequency loads in uni- and bi-directional waves;
• hspg2 : second-order high-frequency computation in uni-directional waves;
Input: difference-frequencies and wave frequencies for the computation.
Output: second order high-frequency loads in uni-directional waves;
• hsprs : pressure computation;
Input: Coordinates of points to compute the pressure;
Output: Pressure at the given points;
• hswld : computation of global wave loads;
Input: mass distribution along the ship (sections where the efforts are required);
Output: efforts per defined station;
• hsrao : construction of the transfer functions;
Input: choice of which transfer function the user want to construct and the name of the
file to store the results;
Output: transfer functions of motions, velocities, accelerations and second order loads;
• hswav: wave visualization;
Input: free surface mesh and wave components to visualize;
Output: input data files of VSHIP for simulation of vessel’s motions and waves;
• hsfem: transfer of hydrodynamic pressure loads to FEM;
Input: whole ship finite element model and wave conditions (heading and frequency);
Output: real and imaginary parts of hydrodynamic pressure loads.
• hspec: Spectral analysis of short and long term;

Input: wave data, etc;
Output: spectral results.
Some secondary modules are available in addition to the ones listed above. Those modules
are used or for pre-processing purpose or for checking any result at intermediate stage of the
calculation.
• hsmsh : mesh generator for simple geometries;

Input: main dimensions of the body (barge, sphere, etc);
Output: input file for hslec ;

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
• hschk : verification of the mesh;

Input: output of hslec ;
Output: check of mesh (inconsistency, normal orientation, etc);
• hvisu : visualization of the mesh;

Input: output of hschk ;
Output: view of the mesh;
• hsinf : information about the mesh or information about mechanical computation;

Input: output of hslec or output of hsmcn ;
Output: information about the mesh (like mean length of panels, etc) or information
about mechanical computation (like frequencies, headings, etc);
• hstat: hydrostatic properties verification and/or inertia matrices computation through a

weight distribution;
Input: Weight distribution (only needed for the calculation inertia matrices at given
sections);
Output: hydrostatic properties or/and input data for hsmcn and hswld
• hsrsn : resonance periods / frequencies computation;

Input: output of hsmcn ;
Output: resonance periods / frequencies
• hsplt: plotting of the RAOs;

Input: output files from hsrao ;
Output: graphic view of the RAOs

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
The figure 2.1 represents a scheme of HydroStar including all of its modules.
Figure 2.1: General scheme
2.2 Conventions used in HydroStar

The following coordinate system is used by HydroStar :
• Axis Ox is positive in the forward direction;
• Axis Oy is positive to port side;
• Axis Oz is positive upwards.
The origin of the reference system used by HydroStar is at the free surface level. However, at
any input file, the user is able to define the z-coordinates with respect to any other point (e.g.
keel of the vessel). Let’s call this additional reference system as "user reference system".
The "user reference system" is only used for the input data. It needs to be parallel and
with its origin at the same vertical line as HydroStar reference system. If the origin of the
vertical axis is not at the free surface, the user needs to input the keyword (ZFSURFACE)

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
followed by the z-coordinate of the free surface given in the "user reference system". For
example, the user may define the z-coordinates of the mesh with respect to keel in the input
for hslec if in the same input file he defines ZFSURFACE equal to the draft. By default, the
ZFSURFACE is equal to 0 corresponding to HydroStar reference system.
NOTE: The keyword ZFSURFACE should be used in every input file where the origin of
the "user reference system" is not at the free surface. The results are always given in HydroStar
reference system (z=0 at the free surface).
The vessels translations surge, sway and heave are the motions in Ox, Oy and Oz re-
spectively. The vessel’s rotations roll, pitch and yaw are defined as follows:
• Roll is the rotation around the axis parallel to Ox through the reference point;
• Pitch is the rotation around the axis parallel to Oy through the reference point;
• Yaw is the rotation around the axis parallel to Oz through the reference point.
Regular incoming waves are described by their amplitude (a), frequency (ω) in rad/s and
heading (β). The wave heading is defined by the angle between the propagation direction and
the positive direction of the axis Ox.
270°
315° 225°
x
0
0° 180°
AF Midship FP
45° 135°
90°
Figure 2.2: Wave headings
A regular wave is defined by its analytical expression:
η(X, Y, t) = a cos{ωt − k[(X − Xcal ) cos β + (Y − Ycal ) sin β]} (2.1)

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
with k the wavenumber determined by the dispersion equation:

ω2
k tanh(kH) = (2.2)
g
where, H is the water depth and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
If the wave reference point is taken equal to the calculation point, X = Xcal and Y = Ycal , the
incident wave elevation is given by (see also fig 2.3):
η(Xcal , Ycal , t) = a cos(ωt) (2.3)
elevation
Figure 2.3:
Any other physical value of responses like vessel’s motions is written in the way:
U (t) = u cos(ωt + φ) (2.4)
with the amplitude u and the phase φ. The ratio between the response amplitude and wave
amplitude is called RAO:
RAO = u/a (2.5)
φ is often called as phase lead as it represents an advance comparing to waves. φ is the value
ouput by HSRAO when specifying the keyword PHASE
From HydroStar v7.00, all RAOs are output in this convention (Including RAO in
real/imaginary format, which where output with another convention in earlier releases)

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW
NOTE 1: Attention should be made to the definition of the wave reference point
(REFWAVE) and to the calculation point, also called reference point (REFPOINT). The first
one defines the point where the wave is maximum at the instant zero. The other is the reference
point located on the body for the calculations. By default those points are taken equal to the
center of buoyancy for the radiation and diffraction computations (hsrdf ). For the motions
computations (hsmcn ), the default reference point is the center of gravity whereas the wave
origin is kept at the center of buoyancy. Obviously all the results obtained in hsrdf in the center
of buoyancy are transferred to the center of gravity, consistently, for the computations in hsmcn .
2.3 Units used in HydroStar

The following units are used in HydroStar :
Length (L) m
Surface (S) m2
Volume (V ) m3
Mass (M ) Kg
Inertia (I) Kg.m2
Mass density (r) Kg/m3
Time (t) s
Gravity (g) m/s2
Wave frequency (ω) rad/s (circular frequency)

Wave period (T ) s
Wave amplitude (A) m
Wave heading (β) deg
Translations (T ) m Surge, sway and heave

Translations RAO (T ) m/m
Rotations (R) deg Roll, pitch and yaw
Rotations RAO (R) deg/m
Forces (F ) N (= Kg · m/s2 )
Moments (M ) N ·m
Pressure (P ) m in waterhead
Speed m/s

Chapter 3
Reading the Mesh
The input of the mesh is performed by HydroStar using the module hslec (see fig 3.1).
Project
hslec
hschk
Figure 3.1: hslec
To run this module, the user is supposed to have already prepared the mesh. For preparation
of the mesh, refer to Chapter 3.
The hull geometry shall be represented by flat quadrilaterals or flat triangulars with
the normal vector oriented towards the fluid (see fig 3.2).
3.1 Input file format

The format of the definition of the nodes coordinates in the input file is as follows:

CHAPTER 3. READING THE MESH
n1 n1
n4
−
→
n −
→
n
n2 n2
n3 n3
Figure 3.2: Flat quadrilaterals and flat triangulars
COORDINATES
[no_node], x_no, y_no, z_no

ENDCOORDINATES
where:
no_node sequential number of the node;
x_no x coordinate of the number no;
y_no y coordinate of the number no;
z_no z coordinate of the number no.
The format of the definition of the panel connectivity in the input file is as follows:
PANEL TYPE itype
[no_panel], n1_panel, n2_panel, n3_panel, n4_panel
ENDPANEL
where:

=0 where no_panel is not given

itype
=1 where no_panel is given
no_panel = sequential number of the panel
n1_panel = node number of the first corner
n2_panel = node number of the second corner
n3_panel = node number of the third corner
n4_panel = node number of the forth corner
The following key words shall be used in the input file for hslec module:
COORDINATES start l3Dine of node definition

ENDCOORDINATES end line of node definition
PANEL start line of panel definition

ENDPANEL end line of panel definition
ENDFILE to end the input file.

The following keywords may be input as optional commands:
PROJECT project title (default= project)

USER user’s name (default= anonym)
REFLENGTH reference length (default= 1.0m)
GRAVITY gravity acceleration constant (default= 9.81m/s2)

RHO fluid mass density (default= 1025kg/m3)
(default= no of lines on
NBNODES number of nodes
the nodes definition)
(default= no of lines on
NBPANEL number of panels
the panels definition)
NBBODY number of bodies (default= 1)
NFHULL number of panels of the body’s hull (default= NBPANEL)
SYMMETRY number of symmetry (default=0)
start number and end number (default= 1 to

NUMPANEL
of panels NBPANEL)
start number and end number

NUMFHULL
of the hull panels
start number and end number

NUMFPONT
of the panels above the hull
number, start number and end

NUMFSWATER
number over the interior waterplane
number, start number and end

NFREESURFACE
number of panels over the free surface
ZFSURFACE coordinate of the freesurface in the user (default= 0)

reference system (see item 2.2)
ratio of the panel size of the waterplane

COEFZ0 (default=1.5)
mesh and of the hull mesh
ZONEDAMPING xmin xmax dltx ymin ymax dlty epslon dissipation zone

The figure (see fig 3.3) contains an example of the input file for hslec .
PROJECT LNG CARRIER - Full Loaded case T=12.350m

USERS BV
NBBODY 1
SYMMETRY_BODY 11
RHO 1025.0
GRAVITY 9.81
COORDINATES
1 0.10005E+02 0.00000E+00 -0.10821E+02
2 0.10005E+02 0.11428E+01 -0.92114E+01
.. .. .. ..
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0
1 2 17 16
2 3 18 17
.. .. .. ..
ENDPANEL
ENDFILE
Figure 3.3: Input file for hslec
In the following sections of this chapter, some specific fonctionalities on the input of
the mesh are described in more details.
3.2 Input file for a single body

The input file for a single body may contain only the part of the body below the waterline or the
complete ship mesh containing the parts below and above waterline and even superstructure.
The upper parts of the mesh are used for visualization purpose only.
In case the mesh generated contains also the part of the vessel above the waterline, the mesh
should be divided into two parts: the submerged part actually used in the calculations and the
upper part only used for visualization. It means that during the construction of the mesh all
panels and nodes composing the submerged part should be grouped together in one block of
data (nodes and coordinates). In addition, there should be no panels cutted by the free surface.
When defining coordinates and nodes of the mesh, the user needs to specify which pan-
els compose the submerged part and which panels compose the upper part by given the first
and last panel number of each part.

For that, the following keywords should be used:
number of the body, start number and

NUMFHULL nb_body, ni_hull, nf_hull
end number of hull panels
number of the body, start number and

NUMFPONT nb_body, ni_pont, nf_pont
end number of panels above waterline
The file displayed in figure 3.4 exemplifies the input file for hslec considering also the
part of the body above waterline.
PROJECT: SHIP
USER: BV
NBBODY 1
SYMMETRY_BODY ] 11
NUMFHULL 1 1 2105
NUMFPONT 1 2106 3758
COORDINATES
1 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
2 8.140500 0.000000 -11.444000
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
3918 5.490700 0.000000 -10.874000
3919 5.577100 0.000000 -6.665400
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0
2 3 37 36
3 4 38 37
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
3433 3434 3908 3907
3434 3435 3909 3908
ENDPANEL
ENDFILE
Figure 3.4: Example considering the part of the body above waterline
In the file above, the part of the hull below waterline is defined by the panels from 1
to 2105 identified by the keyword NUMFHULL, while the part of the hull above the
waterline is defined by the panels from 2106 to 3758 that can be identified by the keyword
NUMFPONT. In this case all the coordinates of nodes and panels are defined together,
although the user can clearly observe that the data can divided in two blocks. Another
possibility is to repeat the keywords COORDINATES & ENDCOORDINATES and
PANELS & ENDPANELS to define as many blocks of data as wanted.

3.3 Input file for multi bodies

Any number of bodies can be modelled in HydroStar . The user has to define the number of
bodies and the first and last identification numbers of the panels associated to each body. The
coordinates and panels of each body can be defined separately, however in the same file.
The symmetry property is not used in the case of multi-body mesh. The whole hull
should be modelled.
It’s important to remark that the identification numbers of the nodes shall be unique.
It means that, in principal, there should be only one node with a certain identification number.
However, in case of multi-body it’s normally the case that the meshes are prepared separately
and the nodes number may be repeated for the two meshes. In order to solve this problem, the
keyword NODE0 is used after the keywords COORDINATES and PANELS to shift the nodes
numbers by the value defined after NODE0 and to guarantee that there’s no other node with
the same number.
Another useful possibility is to translate (in x- and y- direction) and rotate the mesh
(in the horizontal plane) by using the keywords TRANS and ROTA after the keyword COOR-
DINATES.
The reference systems are centered on the reference point of each body, but the axis re-
main parallel to the global mesh reference system.
The file displayed in figure 3.5 gives an example of input file for hslec .

Mesh by AMG from input file :
NBBODY 2
NUMPANEL 1 1 728
NUMPANEL 2 2537 4942
NUMFPONT 1 729 2536
NUMFPONT 2 4943 7304
COORDINATES
1 0.83862E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.43537E+01
2 0.83862E+01 0.64438E+00 -0.37057E+01
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
6889 0.23743E+03 0.00000E+00 0.18145E+02
6890 0.23743E+03 0.00000E+00 0.18145E+02
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0
1 2 21 20
2 3 22 21
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
6851 6808 6807 6850
6852 6809 6808 6851
ENDPANEL
COORDINATES TRANS 0.0 -50.0 ROTA 0.2 NODE0 10000

1 0.66550E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.15991E+02
2 0.57373E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.13585E+02
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
15565 0.27322E+03 0.00000E+00 0.59000E+01
15566 0.27322E+03 0.00000E+00 0.59000E+01
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0 NODE0 10000
1 2 23 22
2 3 24 23
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
15502 15435 15434 15501
15503 15436 15435 15502
ENDPANEL
ENDFILE
Figure 3.5: Example of input file for multi bodies
In the example file in figure 3.5, the command TRANS is used to translate the nodes
coordinates of the second body by 0.0m in the longitudinal direction and by −50.0m in the
transverse direction. The keyword ROTA is used to rotate the mesh by a angle of 0.2deg in the
horizontal plane. Thus, the nodes coordinates given in the input file are modified as follows:
x_no = x_no cos(θ) − y_no sin(θ) + trans_x
y_no = y_no sin(θ) + y_no cos(θ) + trans_y
Also, it should be noticed that the nodes numbers given for the two bodies are re-
peated. In this case, the keyword NODE0 has been used to shift the nodes numbers of the
second body by a value of 10000 which has been considered sufficiently big to avoid having
two nodes with the same number. In fact the nodes numbers of the second body will be equal
to no_node=no_node+no_NODE0

The mesh described in figure 3.6 can be obtained.
Figure 3.6: Two bodies’ meshes
3.4 Input file including dissipation zone

In a confined zone, such like moonpool or gap between two ships in side-by-side configuration,
the hydrodynamic interaction may create violent wave kinematics at certain frequencies.
Within the framework of the potential theory there’s no limit in predicting resonant wave
elevation while in reality the resonant motion is largely damped by different mechanisms of
dissipation. In HydroStar , it’s possible to include a dissipation term in the fluid in order to
simulate the effects of viscous damping. This dissipation parameter is artificial and should be
calibrated against measurements. In addition, the use of this term requires the meshing of the
free surface at the region where wave kinematics are most important.
The mesh of the damping zone is made by HydroStar. It can have rectangular or cir-
cular shape. The following keywords should by included in the input file for hslec :

ZONEDAMPING xmin xmax dltx ymin ymax dlty epslon
where:
xmin is the minimum x-coordinate of the rectangular damping zone
xmax is the maximum x-coordinate of the rectangular damping zone
dltx is the length of the panels of the damping zone mesh
ymin is the minimum y-coordinate of the rectangular damping zone
ymax is the maximum y-coordinate of the rectangular damping zone
dlty is the width of the panels of the damping zone mesh
epsilon is the dissipation parameter

Figure 3.7: Rectangular dissipation zone
And the circular damping zone:
ZONEDAMPING rmin rmax dltr θmin θmax dltθ epslon CTR xctr yctr
where:
rmin is the minimum radius value of the circular damping zone
rmax is the maximum radius value of the circular damping zone
dltr is the length of the panels of the damping zone mesh in the radial direction
θmin is the minimum angle in degrees of the circular zone damping
θmax is the maximum angle in degrees of the circular zone damping
dltθ is the delta angle of for the panels definition of the circular damping zone mesh

epsilon is the dissipation parameter
CTR xctr yctr Coordinates of the centre of the circular zone
The file displayed in figure 3.8 gives an example of input file for hslec including a circu-
lar damping zone. The user may include several damping zones by repeating the command
line ZONEDAMPING.
PROJECT MONOCOLUMN
ZONEDAMPING 0.0 34.5 3.45 0.0 90.0 7.50 0.10 CTR 0.0 0.0
SYMMETRY_BODY 1 2
NUMPANEL 1 1 468
ZFSURFACE 38.0
COORDINATES
1 47.50000 0.00000 0.00000
2 47.09363 6.19999 0.00000
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
1727 5.22105 39.65779 50.00000
1728 0.00000 40.00000 50.00000
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0
1 2 21 20
2 3 22 21
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
1723 1724 1726 1725
1725 1726 1728 1727
ENDPANEL
ENDFILE
Figure 3.8: Example of input file including zone damping

3.5 Input file including tanks

In case the user wants to solve the coupled sloshing-seakeeping problem, the tanks walls up to
the filling level need to be meshed and included into the input file of hslec .
In addition to the keywords used to described in the above sections, the following key-
words should be included to the input file for hslec with the aim of defining the mesh of the
tank(s):
NBTANK nb_tanks Number of tanks meshed

SYMMTANK id_tk sym define the symmetry of a defined tank
id_tk : identification number of the tank
sym = 0 (no symmetry)
sym = 1 (symmetry around XZ plan)
NUMTANK id_tk first_panel last_panel z_fsf where:
id_tk: identification number of the tank
first_panel: number of the first panel that
defines the tank mesh
last_panel: number of the last panel that de-
fines the tank mesh
z_fsf: z-coordinate of the tank free surface
with respect to the local system
REFPTANK id_tk x_ref y_ref z_ref rho where:
id_tk: identification number of the tank
x_ref , y_ref , z_ref: coordinates of the ori-
gin of the tank mesh with respect to the ori-
gin of the hull mesh
rho: density of liquid in the tank in kg/m3
The coordinates and panels of the tanks are defined in the same way as for the hull mesh. The
normal vectors of the panels used to describe the tanks are defined towards the fluid inside the
tank. The tanks meshes may be defined with respect to any point. By default the origin of
the tank mesh reference system is assumed to be at the free surface of the tank, otherwise the
value z_fsf should be provided in order to define the position of the free surface with respect
to the origin chosen to describe the tank mesh. If the tank is full, z_fsf should correspond
to the highest z-value of the tank in the origin chosen to describe the tank mesh. The REF-
PTANK defines the coordinates of the origin of the tank mesh in the hull mesh reference system.
For the definition of the panels of the tanks another value can be defined at the end of
the command line as below:

PANEL TYPE itype NODE0 node0

[id_panel] node1 node2 node3 node4 epsilon where:
id_panel: defined when itype=1
node1 node2 node3 node4 : identification
numbers of the four nodes that compose the
panels.
epsilon: dissipation parameter associated to
the panel (typically around 0.01)
ENDPANEL
It should be mentioned that for the radiation problem inside the tanks, no damping is
obtained. However, in reality the energy is dissipated by viscous effects. The dissipation
parameter epsilon is used to simulate the effects of the viscousity within the assumptions of
the potential theory. It’s in fact an artificial damping and the epsilon parameter needs to be
calibrated against model tests. In addition, in this method, all the dissipation is assumed to
occur at the tanks walls.
The figure 3.9 presents an example of input file for hslec including two tanks. In this
example the origin of the tanks reference systems is located in the aft bulkhead and at the
bottom of each tank. In this way the value z_fsf defines the z-coordinate of the free surface of
the tank with respect to its bottom. Also in this example the REFPTANK coordinates are in
fact the coordinates of a point located at the centreline of the tank, at the aft bulkhead and
at the bottom of the tank expressed in the global system.

PROJECT TANKS
USER BV
SYMMETRY_BODY 1 1
NUMPANEL 1 1 1210
NBTANK 1
SYMMTANK 1 2
NUMTANK 1 1211 2366 1.42
REFPTANK 1 168.0 0.0 0.0 1025.0
COORDINATES 0
1 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00
2 0.81405E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.11444E+02
...
...
3918 0.54907E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.10874E+02
3919 0.55771E+01 0.00000E+00 -0.66654E+01
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0
2 3 37 36
3 4 38 37
...
...
3433 3434 3908 3907
3434 3435 3909 3908
ENDPANEL
COORDINATES NODE0 10000

1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
2 0.00000 0.98577 0.00000
...
...
233 10.91600 9.97858 1.33572
234 10.91600 10.51600 1.87200
ENDCOORDINATES
PANEL TYPE 0 NODE0 10000

1 2 11 10 0.01000
2 3 12 11 0.01000
...
...
232 233 229 228 0.01000
233 234 230 229 0.01000
ENDPANEL
ENDFILE
Figure 3.9: Example of input file including tanks

3.6 Input file including free-surface

For some "advanced" calculation (wave-current interaction, or high frequency second-order
load), a free-surface integration is required. These integration is done through a free-surface
mesh which has to be described by the user. The free-surface mesh requirement depends on
the later use :
• For wave-current interaction, the surface geometry is arbitrary (elliptic shape is generally
the most efficient).
• For high-frequency second-order loads, the free-surface must be circular (the integral
being slowly convergent, semi-analytical integral are used for the "far-field" domain, those
analytical development are only available for a circular domain). Moreover, in the current
version of HydroStar, the free-surface has to be centered on (0.0 , 0.0)
There is two ways to add a free-surface mesh :

3.6.1 Read user defined panels

The key-word to identified the free-surface mesh panels is NFREESURFACE.
NFREESURFACE Nbpanels IDmin IDmax
3.6.2 Automatic free-surface mesh

The free-surface can be automatically generated with the following keywords :
AUTOMATIC_SURF R1 Nr Xcenter Ycenter
Rings can be added with :
RING Rmin Rmax Nr Nθ

Where :
Nr is the number of segment on the radial axis
R1 is the radius free-surface surrounding the body
Nθ is the number of segment on the circles
Rmin is the interior radius of the ring
Rmax is the exterior radius of the ring
example :
AUTOMATIC_SURF 300 12 136. 0.
RING 300 500 12 20
Figure 3.10: Example of automatic free-surface mesh
3.7 Reading the input file

Considering that the mesh file (e.g. shiplec.don) is stored in one work directory, e.g.
"c:/hydro/study", the user has to execute the following steps in order to perform the reading of

the mesh input file:
• Go to the work directory where the file is stored (see item 1.3 for information);
Before reading the mesh, the user needs to create a project. the project name chosen
is used to name all the binary files generated by HydroStar and used as input files for
the various modules as well as the control files that give intermediate results of the
calculations.
• To create a new project for which the results are stored (if the project is not created, the
default name used by HydroStar is "PRO"):
Hstar>>proj ship
Hstar>ship>
If other projects already exist in the working directory, the user may list all the
existing projects by typing:
Hstar>>lsproj
• To read the input file using "hslec name_file" command:
Hstar>ship>hslec shiplec.don
• It will appear, in HydroStar window, the values used as input data, the reference point
of incident wave and the positions of the reference point and the centre of buoyancy.
3.8 Getting information about the mesh

After reading the mesh, the user may get some information about it by typing:
Hstar>proj>hsinf -g
The following information are displayed at the screen:
• Xmin, Xmax and Length of the mesh;
• Ymin, Ymax and Breadth of the mesh;

• Zmin, Zmax and Depth of the mesh;
• Number of symmetries;
• Number of panels;
• Body surface;
• Average panel surface;
• Average panel length;
• Body’s volume;
• Centre of buoyancy
3.9 Preliminary verificaton of the mesh

After the execution of the above steps, the user has to perform a preliminary check of the
mesh by simply typing the command "hschk " (see fig 3.11):
Hstar>proj>hschk
The following verifications will be performed:
• Consistency of the normal vector orientation;
• Panels with null area;
• Panels over the free surface;
• Panels at free surface;
• Overlapped panels;
• Holes (neighbor-absences);
A report is printed on the screen giving the number of panels presenting any inconsistency.
3.10 Checking the hydrostatic properties

The computation of the hydrostatic properties is very useful to check the correspondence of
the model with the real vessel characteristics. To run this computation and display the results
on the screen the user has only to type the command "hstat ":

hslec
hschk
hsrdf
Figure 3.11: hschk
hschk
hstat
hsrdf
Figure 3.12: hstat
Hstar>proj>hstat
The following properties are then calculated:
• Hull Volume;
• Wetted Hull Surface;
• Waterplane Area;
• Waterplane Inertia;
• Distances between the centre of buoyance and the metacentre (BM).

Figure 3.13:
3.11 Visualization of the mesh

Two visualizers are available in HydroStar. Hview is the newest one and should provide a better
experience than the older "visu 4D" which is still available.
3.11.1 Hview
hschk
hview
hsrdf
Figure 3.14: hview
The visualization of the mesh is performed by HVIEW by just typing the command “hview” in
HydroStar window (see fig 3.16):

Hstar>proj>hview
Another window will be opened to display the mesh read by HydroStar (see fig 3.15). The
different component of the mesh (tanks, waterplane part, etc...) can be hidden or displayed
using the selection tree.
Figure 3.15: HydroStar mesh displayed by hview
In contrast to Hvisu (3.11.2), the various component are all loaded in the viewer and can
be hidden/displayed by using the selection tree.
3.11.2 Visu4D - hvisu
hschk
hvisu
hsrdf
Figure 3.16: hvisu

The visualization of the mesh is performed by VISU4D by just typing the command “hvisu” in
HydroStar window (see fig 3.16):
Hstar>proj>hvisu
Another window will be opened for VISU4D with the mesh read by HydroStar (see fig 3.17).
Figure 3.17: HydroStar mesh displayed by VISU4D
In order to visualize the upper part of the mesh and the water-plane mesh given in in-
put file, the user has to type the command:
Hstar>proj>hvisu -t
And then obtain a picture of the complete mesh (see fig 3.19).
In case tanks are included in the input file for hslec, the user may visualize the hull

mesh (figure 3.18) together with the tanks by typing:
Hstar>proj>hvisu -T
NOTE: The command hvisu -T with T in capital letter (for the visualization of tanks)
should not be confused with the command hvisu -t (for the visualization of upper part of hull
and mesh for elimination of irregular frequencies).
Figure 3.18:

Figure 3.19:
There’s also the possibility of visualizing only a part of the mesh by typing:
Hstar>proj>hvisu -c
Then, the point where the user wants to cut the mesh will be required:
Type xcut, ycut or zcut and Value
Through VISU4D, the user is able to change the visualization mode, the point of view,
to zoom in and out and rotate the mesh in a very user-friendly interface.
Please refer to appendix C in order to get more details about the use of VISU4D.

Chapter 4
Mesh Generation
HydroStar provides two automatic mesh generators for simple geometries. The first one is
dedicated to single simple geometries, such like cylinders, barges, spheres, ect. The second one
is dedicated to bodies composed by several simple geometries.
In addition, the module AMG (Automatic Mesh Generation) provides the possibility of
automatic generation of ship meshes by just inputting the stations coordinates and some infor-
mation about the aft and forward parts of the vessel. This module can be used independently
from HydroStar .

CHAPTER 4. MESH GENERATION
4.1 Mesh conversion

HydroStar can import (or export) mesh from various format thanks to the convert command.
The format is automatically recognised using the file extension. The available format are listed
in the below table.
Format Extension Read Write

HydroStar .hst v v
GMSH .gmsh v
MGV .msh v
Precal nod/fac .nod v v
VTK .vtk v
VTK XML unstructured grid .vtu v
STL .stl v v
OBJ .obj v
WAMIT (or Rhino) .gdf v
Diodore mesh .dio v
Aqwa mesh .dat v
Aqwa mesh .lis v
Table 4.1: Available format for mesh conversion
Depending on the case, the file header might have to be adjusted manually (multi-body
analysis or coupling with sloshing...).
For instance, to convert a mesh from Wamit to HydroStar, the syntax would be :
Hstar>>convert wamitFile.gdf hydrostarFile.hst
The "convert" tool can also modify the number of symmetry used in the mesh. For example,
to convert half a hull (symmetry=1) to a full mesh (symmetry=0), the command would be :
Hstar>>convert -sym 1 0 sym1.hst sym0.hst
Warning : When the number of symmetry is increased (for instance with -sym 0 1), the
converter simply remove all starboard panels, which is of course only applicable to specific
cases.
4.2 Single simple geometry mesh generation

This module allows the user to generate the following geometries:
• Cylinder
• Semi-sphere

• Elliptical cylinder
• box
The following commands shall be input in HydroStar window for the generation of each
type of geometry mentioned above:
• Cylinder:
i) Type "hsmsh -cs[symmetry_code]"
where:
=0 if no symmetry
symmetry_code =1 if symmetric around x axis
=2 if symmetric around x and y axi
ii) HydroStar will then require the following values in order to define the mesh:
R = radius of the cylinder;
H = height of the cylinder;
ntheta = number of panels along the circumference;
nH = number of panels in the cylinder height;
nR = number of panels in radial direction in the bottom of the cylinder.
Figure 4.1: Example of cylinder mesh
iii) HydroStar generates a file named "cyls[symmetry_code].dat" with the appropriate

format already described here above.

Hstar>>cyl>>hsmsh -cs2
R,H,ntheta(0->PI/2),nH,nR(fond)=: 15 40 20 20 15
Output mesh file name : cyls2.dat
• Semi-sphere:
i) Type "hsmsh -ds[symmetry_code]"
where:
=0 if no symmetry
symmetry_code =1 if symmetric around x axis
=2 if symmetric around x and y axi
R = radius of the cylinder;
ntheta = number of panels along the circumference around z axis;
nphi = number of panels along the circumference around x / y axis
Figure 4.2: Example of sphere mesh
iii) HydroStar generates a file named "dsphs[symmetry_code].dat" with the appropriate

format already described here above.
Hstar>>dsphe>>hsmsh -ds2
R,ntheta(0->PI/2),nphi = : 10 20 20
Output mesh file name : dsphs2.dat
• Elliptical Cylinder:
i) Type "hsmsh -es2"

a = length of the elliptical cylinder;

b = breadth of the elliptical cylinder;
H = height of the elliptical cylinder;
ntheta = number of panels along the circumference
nH = number of panels in height;
nR = number of panels in radial direction in the bottom of the cylinder.
Figure 4.3: Example of elliptical cylinder mesh
iii) HydroStar generates a file named "cyls2.dat" with the appropriate format already
described here above.
Hstar>>ellyp>>hsmsh -es2
a,b,H,ntheta(0->PI/2),nH,nR(fond) = : 20 10 10 20 10 10
Outputmesh file name : cyls2.dat
• Box:
i) Type "hsmsh -bte"
L = length of the box;
B = breadth of the box;
T = height of the box;
nL = number of panels in length;
nB = number of panels in breadth;
nT = number of panels in height.
iii) HydroStar generates a file named "boite.don" with the appropriate format already
described here above.

Figure 4.4: Example of box mesh
Hstar>>boite>>hsmsh -bte
L,B,T= : 20 10 5
nL,nB,nT= : 20 10 5
Output mesh file name : boite.don

4.3 Bodies composed by various simple geometries

The user can use several simple geometries to compose a single body. In this case, an input
file shall be generated with the following keywords:
TYPE 1
SYMMETRY isym (=1 for symmetry XZ

= 2 for symmetry XZ and symmetry YZ)
ZFSURFACE zfs (z coordinate of the free surface, default = 0)
NODE id_nd x y z (id number of the node, x, y and z coordinates)
OBS: This module only generates the mesh up to the free surface level.
The user may define rules for the discretization of the mesh. This option allows to re-
fine the mesh close to the free surface and/or close to the keel.
RULE id_rl cos(A1) cos(A2) (Rule for the refinement of the mesh)
where:
cos(A1) is the cosine of the first refinement angle
cos(A2) is the cosine of the second refinement angle
The principle for refinement are explained in figure 4.5.
For example, if the user defines "RULE 1 0.0 0.0", which corresponds to A1 =90 and
A2 =90, the mesh will be uniform. If the user defines "RULE 1 0.90 0.0" the mesh will be more
refined at the left side.
After defining nodes and rules for the refinement of the mesh, the user can define ele-
ments or geometries to be meshed. Different elements can be used and composed together into
a single mesh:

Figure 4.5: Refinement of the mesh
• PATCH: A patch is a flat panel described by four nodes A B C D. In case of triangles, one
node should be repeated in the definition of the panel. The normal is oriented following
the right-hand rule.
A patch is defined as below:
PATCH id_element NODE id_nd(A) id_nd(B) id_nd(C) id_nd(D) AB_NB nb_el(AB)

AB_RULE id_rl(AB) BC_NB nb_el(BC) BC_RULE id_rl(BC)
where:
nb_el(AB) & nb_el(BC) correspond to the number of elements along the side
from node A to node B and the number of elements along the side from node B and C,
respectively.

id_rl(AB) & id_rl(BC) correspond to the refinement rule applied to the sides AB
and BC, respectively.
Figure 4.6: Patch Definition
As an example, a barge can be decomposed in several "PATCHS" like in figure 4.7 below:
Figure 4.7: Barge
• CIRSEG: This type of element is used to represent a segment of circle as in the figure
4.8, where C is the node at the centre of the circle, R is the radius of the circle. A
and B are the two nodes that compose the segment. A segment of circle is defined as below:

CIRSEG CTR id_nd(C) RAD R ANG ang1 ang2 NODE id_nd(A) id_nd(B) C_NB
nb_el(AB) C_RULE id_rl(AB) H_NB nb_el(R) H_RULE id_rl(R)
where:
ang1 & ang2 are the first and last angle for the definition of the segment, respec-
tively. In the figure 4.8 the first angle is 0 deg and the last angle is 90 deg.
nb_el(AB) & nb_el(R) correspond to the number of elements in the segment from node
A to node B and the number of elements in the direction of the radius of the circle (R),
respectively.
id_rl(AB) & id_rl(R) correspond to the identification number of refinement rule

applied in the direction of the segment AB and in the direction of the radius R
respectively.
Figure 4.8: CIRSEG Definition

• CIRCYL: It’s used to generate vertical cylinders or segments of cylinders like in figure
4.9. The following keywords are used to define a cylinder or a part of it:
CIRCYL CTR id_nd(A) id_nd(B) RAD radius(A) radius(B) ANG ang1 ang2 C_NB
nb_el(arc) C_RULE id_rl(arc) H_NB nb_el(height) H_RULE id_rl(height)
where:
radius(A) & radius(B) are the radius of the cylinder at the horizontal plane pass-
ing by node A, and the radius of the cylinder at the horizontal plane passing by node B,
respectively. In this way the radius of the cylinder may vary along its height.
ang1 & ang2 are the first and last angle for that define the cylinder in degrees.
For example, a cylinder with ang1 = 0.0 and ang2 = 360.0 means a complete cylinder.
nb_el(arc) & nb_el(height) correspond to the number of elements along the arc of
the cylinder and along the height of it, respectively.
id_rl(arc) & id_rl(height) correspond to the identification of the refinement rule

along the arc of the cylinder and along the height of it, respectively.
Figure 4.9: CIRCYL Definition

4.3.1 Example of Input file for hsmsh

The figure 4.10 gives an example of input for the module hsmsh where several simple geometries
are used to composed a mesh.
TYPE 1 #For the type of mesh definition as described above

SYMMETRY 2 #Number of symmetries
ZFSURFACE 42.0 #Position of free surface
#Nodes for the definition of the mesh (up to free surface only)
NODE 1 0.000 0.000 0.000
NODE 2 0.000 0.000 4.000
NODE 3 0.000 0.000 42.000
NODE 4 26.625 0.000 0.000
NODE 5 18.830 18.830 0.000
NODE 6 0.000 26.625 0.000
#Refinement Rules
RULE 0 0.00 0.00 #Uniform mesh
RULE 10 -0.95 0.00
RULE 99 -0.95 0.95
#Elements of the mesh

PATCH 1 NODE 1 6 5 4 AB_NB 8 AB_RULE 0 BC_NB 8 BC_RULE 0
CIRSEG CTR 1 RAD 46.625 ANG 0.0 45.000 NODE 4 5 C_NB 8 C_RULE 0 H_NB 10 H_RULE 10 INVERSE
CIRSEG CTR 1 RAD 46.625 ANG 45.0 90.000 NODE 5 6 C_NB 8 C_RULE 0 H_NB 10 H_RULE 10 INVERSE
CIRCYL CTR 1 2 RAD 46.625 46.625 ANG 0.0 90.0 C_NB 16 C_RULE 0 H_NB 3 H_RULE 99
CIRCYL CTR 2 2 RAD 43.500 46.625 ANG 0.0 90.0 C_NB 16 C_RULE 0 H_NB 3 H_RULE 99 INVERSE
CIRCYL CTR 2 3 RAD 43.500 43.500 ANG 0.0 90.0 C_NB 16 C_RULE 0 H_NB 20 H_RULE 99
ENDFILE
Figure 4.10: Input file for hsmsh
NOTE: When the keyword INVERSE is used at the end of the command lines used to
generate the elements of the mesh, it means that the orientation of the normal vector is
inversed.
4.3.2 Generating the mesh using hsmsh

After constructing the input file as explained in the above items, the user is ready to construct
the mesh by using the following commands in HydroStar window:
Hstar>>hsmsh inputfile
Immediately after running hsmsh the user may visualize the mesh generated by typing:
Hstar>>hvisu

The figure 4.11 represents the mesh generated using the example file in figure 4.10.
Figure 4.11: Example of mesh generated using hsmsh
The input file for hslec named "proj.hst" is generated in the working directory.
4.4 Use AMG to generate Mesh

AMG (Automatic Mesh Generation) is delivered in the HydroStar package. To generate mesh
using AMG, use the command "hsmsh -ship". For additional information about AMG, please
refer to the AMG user manual.
Hstar>>hsmsh -ship input
4.5 Mesh equilibrium

The displacement of the mesh input in HydroStar must correspond to the mass later described.
Although it is better to generate a mesh directly at the equilibrate draft and trim, the tool
hsbln can be used to get a balanced mesh from mesh input up to the deck. It is possible to
specify coordinates in the Input mesh reference system of points which position you would like
to know in the new mesh reference system (this can be useful for pressure and wave elevation
computations for example). You will find the coordinates in the new mesh reference system in
the file "/tmp/Moving_points.log" .

INPUT_MESH Input mesh (up to the deck)

OUTPUT_MESH test.hst Output balanced mesh
COGPOINT_BODY 1 134.126 0.0 4.971 Position of the center of gravity in the Input mesh reference system
MASS_BODY 1 118992250.0 id of the body , Mass of the body
INITIAL_POSITION 1 0 0 0 -10 0 0 0 id of the body , Initial position (x,y,z,Rx,Ry,Rz)
NBPOINTS_TO_MOVE 3 Number of points which position
you want to know in the new mesh reference system
POINT_TO_MOVE 1 50.00 0.00 5.00 id of the point, coordinates in the Input mesh reference system
Be carefull : In the new mesh reference the position of the center of gravity
will be changed !
Compared to a mesh directly generated at the equilibrate draft, the panel near the free
surface can not be as regular and refined.
Hstar>>hsbln input.bln
4.6 Mesh cutting

To cut a mesh at the desired draft the module to use is HScut with the following input file
MESH_IN mesh.hst
MESH_OUT
meshOut1.hst Draft1
meshOut2.hst Draft2
ENDMESH_OUT
Hstar>>hscut input.cut

Chapter 5
Diffraction radiation computation
The radiation solutions are the potential flow around the vessel when the vessel moves in
the otherwise quiescent fluid. The added-mass is defined by the load on the vessel due
to its unit acceleration while the radiation damping is the ratio between the load and
vessel’s velocity. The matrices of added-mass and radiation damping are of 6 x 6 dimen-
sions for a single body and 6N x 6N dimensions for multi-body, where N is the number of bodies.
The diffraction solutions are the potential flow around the vessel remaining immobile in
incoming waves. The wave excitation loads are obtained by integrating the dynamic pressure
on the fixed vessel in incoming waves.
The module hsrdf of HydroStar solves the problem of diffraction and radiation around
fixed and floating bodies and it’s based on the following:
• First and second order potential theory of free surface flow;
• Integral equations / boundary element method;
• Efficient evaluation of associated Green functions;
• Elimination of irregular frequencies;
• Independency of the mechanic properties of the system.
The module hsrdf can be run after the module hslec.

In case of seakeeping-sloshing coupled analysis, in addition to the module hsrdf for the
exterior problem, the module hstnk is used after hsrdf to solve the radiation problem inside the
tanks.

CHAPTER 5. DIFFRACTION RADIATION COMPUTATION
5.1 Input file

The following data have to be provided to perform radiation and diffraction computation:
• Extension of the file that will store the results;
• Wave frequencies (rad/s);
• Wave headings (deg);
• Water depth (m) or infinity water depth.
The following data may be inputted as optional parameters:
• Reference length;
• Acceleration due to gravity;
• Water mass density.

The following keywords shall be used in the input file for hsrdf execution:
FILENAME file_name extension of the file to identify the

run
FREQUENCY TYPE itype start line to give wave frequencies
frequency_lines
ENDFREQUENCY end line to give wave frequencies
If itype = 0,
frequency_lines = no_freq, freq1 one frequency per line with iden-
tification
number
If itype = 1,
frequency_lines = freq1, freq2, freq3... several frequencies at the same
line
without identification number
If itype = 2,
WMIN min_freq minimum frequency
frequency_lines = WMAX max_freq maximum frequency
WSTP step_freq Step of wave frequency
HEADING TYPE itype start line to give wave headings

heading_lines
ENDHEADING end line to give wave headings
If itype = 0,
heading_lines = no_head, head1 one heading per line with identi-
fication number
If itype = 1,
heading_lines = head1, head2,head3... several headings at the same line
without identification number
If itype = 2,
HMIN min_freq minimum heading
heading_lines = HMAX max_freq maximum heading
HSTP step_freq step of wave headings
ENDFILE to end the hsrdf file

The following keywords are optional:
WATERDEPTH value_depth water depth value or infinite (default = inf)

or inf
REFPOINT ibd x_ref, y_ref, z_ref reference point of the body (COB;0)
REFWAVE x_wave, y_wave reference point for incoming waves (COB)
ELIMIRREG YES or NO option of eliminating irregular frequencies

(default=YES)
SPEED start line to give speed

1 speed speed of the body (only one speed per project)
ENDSPEED end line for the definition of speed
SIDEWALL WIDTH w width of the channel*

for computations including sidewall effects
(Available in finite water-depth only)
WAVECUR YES or NO wave-current interaction formulation

(default=NO)
INFFREQ Infinite frequency calculation
* Note : When using SIDEWALL option, the keyword should be kept in the next module
that require a pressure calculation (HSprs, HSdft). HSqtf does not support yet the SIDEWALL
option.
The picture displayed in figure 5.1 presents an example of input file for hsrdf module:

FILENAME w26
FREQUENCY TYPE 2
WMIN 0.05
WMAX 1.45
WSTP 0.10
ENDFREQUENCY
HEADINGS TYPE 1
180.0 225.0 270.0 315.0 360.0
ENDHEADINGS
SPEEDS TYPE 0
1 0.0
ENDSPEEDS
WATERDEPTH infinity
REFPOINT_BODY 1 137.020 0.0 0.0

REFWAVE 137.020 0.0
ENDFILE
Figure 5.1: Input file for hsrdf
5.2 Elimination of irregular frequencies

The lowest irregular frequency for a parallelepiped is:
ωirr = gk/ tanh kT with k = π 1/B 2 + 1/L2 (5.1)

q q
where (L,B,T) are length, width and draft of the box.
For a ship, the lowest irregular frequency is close to that estimated by above formula using
ship’s length, width and draught.
For a body of arbitrary geometry, the lowest irregular frequency is larger than that for a
box which can surround the body.
The irregular frequencies are eliminated in HydroStar by generating a mesh on the vessel’s
water-plane (that not necessarily covers all the water-plane area), and modifying the original
integral equation by extending the singularity support to the internal water-plane. Theoretical
details can be found in [9].
The user has the possibility of changing the ratio between the panel size of the mesh
and the panel size of the water-plane by inputting a value for COEFZ0 in the hull mesh in-
put file in order to get better accuracy of results for high frequency values, if desired (see fig 5.2).

Figure 5.2: Water-plane mesh
5.3 Encounter frequency approximation

In order to take into accound the forward speed, the so-called "encounter-frequency" approx-
imation is implemented in HydroStar (module hsrdf) based on the use of the Green function
associated to the encounter frequency.
The encounter frequency is defined as:
ωenc = ω [1 − cosβ (ωV /g)] (5.2)
with wave frequency ω, headingβ and speed V .
In the following sea (|β| < π/2), ω can be close to zero. To avoid the singularity, spe-
cial treatments are provided in hsmcn (keyword ZEROENCFREQ). The boundary condition on
ship hull is linearized over uniform flow.
5.4 Wave-current interaction formulation

Another method in order to take into account a low forward speed also exists in HydroStar.
It is based on the wave-current interaction formulation. It should be noted that the wave-

current interaction problem is equivalent to the sea-keeping problem of a body advancing with
a forward speed in the opposite direction of the current. The main asset of this formulation
is to respect completely the first order free surface condition taking into account terms of
order τ and neglecting only terms of order τ 2 , with τ = U ωe /g. The problem is solved with
the use of a modified Green function taking into account a low forward speed. First order
quantities like wave elevations are supposed to be slightly more accurately estimated with this
formulation, but the main objective of this method is to better evaluate second-order wave drift
forces in presence of a small current. To that end, interaction effects of steady flow on wave
diffraction-radiation has to be taken into account in the first order problem.
However, this method has a few drawbacks compared to the more simple encounter fre-
quency approximation. Firstly, its validity is restricted to low forward speeds. The formulation
can give inconsistent results for high numbers of τ . Then, it is more CPU-time demanding,
since three linear systems need to be solved (instead of one for the classical method). Finally,
with this method it is also necessary to mesh the free surface (see Fig.5.3).
Figure 5.3: In the wave-current formulation, it is necessary to also mesh the free surface. Here
we see the academic case of a truncated cylinder and its surrounding free surface.
There are a few incompatibilities if one chooses to use the wave-current interaction formu-
lation in the current version of HydroStar: only one body can be taken into account and the
program does not deal with internal tanks.
Theoretical details about wave-current interaction can be found in [6] and [7].
5.5 Sidewall Effects

From the version 6.0 of HydroStar, the user has the possibility of accounting for sidewall effects.
This feature can be applied to verify the effects of the walls of a channel or of a wave tank on
the behaviour of body. It’s known, for example, that some results from model tests performed
at wave tanks exhibit some scattering comparing to the expected results in open sea condition.
This can be explained by the reflections at the sidewalls of the tank. It’s then worthwhile to
perform numerical computations in order to obtain verify the adequacy of the wave tank for a

specified test or to limit the test duration in order to reduce the effects of wave reflections.
In the source panel method we use the Tank Green Function (TGF) which satisfies the
linearized free surface conditions as well as the conditions at the tank bottom and walls. In
fact the TGF may be written as a formal sum of Green Functions in open sea representing the
infinity images of the singularity with respect to the side walls.
∞
G (M, M ) =0
G0 (M, Mn0 ) (5.3)
X
n=−∞
where G0 (M, Mn0 ) is the open sea Green Function representing the potential at M due to the
nth image of the source at Mn0 .
However, the convergence of the direct computation of the infinite series is very slow.
A more efficient method consists to decompose the finite water depth TGF into two parts: a
finite series of the open sea Green Functions and an asymptotic part which may be regarded as
the remaining terms of the infinite series and expressed by two single integrals whose kernels
decrease exponentially with the integral variable.
2N +1 ∞
G= G0n + G02n + G02n+1 + G0−2n + G0−2n−1 (5.4)
X X
n=−2N −1 n=N +1
The main advantage of the above decomposition is the rapid convergence of the asymp-
totic part.
More theoretical details can be found in [10].
5.6 Diffraction and radiation computation

After the preparation of the input file, the user is ready to start the computation by just
typing “hsrdf name_file” in HydroStar window:
Hstar>proj>hsrdf input.rdf
The user has the possibility of running several times hsrdf in order to compute the
wave diffraction and radiation for additional frequencies that may be necessary just changing
the extension of results file in the input file and the definition of the wave frequencies. For
example, from looking at the RAO files, the user may notice some complementary frequencies,
e.g. on the resonance region, to perform a new run. Different runs of hsrdf can be combined
at the input file for hsmcn.

5.7 Radiation/Diffraction interpolation : HSpln module

As the Radiation/diffraction is the most time consuming part of the calculations, the frequency
step is not always as fine as desired. Instead of interpolating RAOs that sometimes present
sharp resonance, it is better to interpolate the radiation/diffraction results which are much
smoother.
The following keywords shall be used in the input file for hspln execution:
FILENAME file_name extension used in HSrdf calculations

FREQUENCY TYPE itype Wave frequencies. Same as for HSrdf
frequency_lines
ENDFREQUENCY
INTERPOLTYPE LINEAR Linear interpolation
NATURAL Natural cubic spline (continuous second order derivate
OVERHAUSER Overhauser cubic spline (Also named "Catmul-Rom")
HERMITE "Hermite" cubic spline interpolation
FILENAME_OUT extension of the output file
ENDFILE to end the hspln file
Several interpolation are available, the Overhauser spline is recommended. However, for
particular case where the hydrodynamic coefficients present sharp peaks, "Hermite" interpola-
tion can be more robust. (The required derivatives are evaluated so that the resulting Hermit
spline does not overshoot the original data.)
5.8 Radiation computation inside tanks

When the tanks are included in the input file of hslec, the radiation problem inside the tanks
can be solved. In HydroStar, the exterior problem (for the body) and the interior problem (for
the tank) are solved separately using two different modules. For the exterior problem, the
module hsrdf is used, and for the problem inside the tank the module hstnk is used. The same
input file described in item 5.1 is used for both modules.
After running hsrdf, the user needs to run hstnk by typing:
Hstar>proj>hstnk projrdf.don
The results obtained from hsrdf and hstnk will be combined when the motion computa-
tion will be done. Theoretical details can be found in [8]
Note : In case the tanks are full (no free-surface, the top of the tank is meshed), the
keyword FULLTANK should be added to the input file.

Chapter 6
Motion Computation
The Newton’s Second law was applied to describe the motions of floating bodies and the
following motion equation was derived and it:
([M ] + [MA ])Ü + [B]U̇ + [K]U = F (6.1)

where:
· [M ] is the inertia matrix of the body;

· [MA ] is the additional mass matrix coming from radiation problem solution;
· [B] is the damping matrix coming from the radiation problem solution and additional
damping defined by the user;
· [K] is the stiffness matrix coming from the hydrostatic properties of the body or additional
stiffness due to mooring system or liquid in tanks;
· [U ] is the motion vector of the body;
· [F ] is the excitation load of incident wave coming from the Froude-Krylov and diffraction
problem solution.
6.1 Input data

In order to solve the equation above described, the user shall define the position of the centre
of gravity, the inertia matrix, additional stiffness matrix and the additional damping matrix.
6.2 Input file

The following keywords shall be used in the input file for hsmcn execution:

CHAPTER 6. MOTION COMPUTATION
FILENAME file_name extension of file used

in hsrdf computations
MASS_BODY no_body, mass mass of the body
GYRADIUS_BODY no_body, R44 , R55 , R66 , R45 , R46 , R56 gyration radius of the
body
COGPOINT_BODY no_body, (XG , YG , ZG ) centre of gravity of the
body in the mesh ref-
erence
or
INERTIAL_MATRIX TYPE itype BODY no_body start line of inertial

matrix definition
Inertia_lines
ENDINERTIAL_MATRIX end line of inertial ma-
trix definition
If itype = 0: the full inertia matrix shall be given

(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Mjk
ENDFILE end of the input file
The following keywords are optional:
REFPOINT_BODY reference point of computations

no_body, xref , yref , zref
(default=COG)
RHO ρ fluid density
(default=1025kg/m3)
GRAVITY g gravity acceleration
(default=9.81m/s2)
REFWAVE xwav , ywav reference point of incoming waves
(default = CoB)
REFLENGTH ref_length reference length
(default=1.0)
ZFSURFACE zfs coordinate of the freesurface in the
user reference system (see item 2.2)
HYDSWPLANE Use hydrostatic properties
calculated from waterplane area
ZEROENCFRQ no_zero_encf number of zero-encounter frequencies
if =0: No treatment

 no_zero_encf
if no_zero_encf =1: treatment in the range −0.1 < ω < 0.1





LINVISCOUSDAMPING no_body, %B44crit linear roll viscous damping,

in percentage of
critical damping
DAMPING_MATRIX TYPE itype BODY no_body start line of linear damping

matrix definition
Damping_lines
ENDDAMPING_MATRIX end line of linear damping
matrix definition
If itype = 0: the full damping matrix shall be given


If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Bjk

If itype = 2: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, %Bjk



QDAMPING_MATRIX TYPE itype BODY no_body start line of quadratic

damping matrix definition
Quadratic_damping_lines
ENDQDAMPING_MATRIX end line of quadratic damp-
ing matrix definition
If itype = 0: the full quadratic damping matrix shall be given
(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, BQjk
STIFFNESS_MATRIX TYPE itype BODY no_bodyi no_bodyj start line of stiffness matrix
definition
Stiffness_lines
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX end line of stiffness matrix
definition
If itype = 0: the full stiffness matrix shall be given
(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Kjk
NOTANKS not to include tanks (in case

tanks hstnk has been run)
WAVECUR YES or NO option of using the wave-

current interaction results
(default=NO)

WAVEAMPLITUDE value_wave_amp wave amplitude only for the calculation of the

quadratic damping purpose (default =1.0)
ITMAX max_iter maximum number of iterations for the
quadratic damping linearization (default =
1000)
CONVERGENCE_ERR convergence criteria (default = 0.001)
The picture 6.1 presents an example of input file for hsmcn module:
FILENAME w26
MASS_BODY 1 1.13253E+08
COGPOINT_BODY 1 137.081 0.000 3.136
GYRADIUS_BODY 1 13.462 67.602 68.776 0.000 4.632 0.000
REFLENGTH 1.00
RHO 1025.0
REFWAVE 0.000 0.000
LINVISCOUSDAMPING 1 5.0 %
ENDFILE
Figure 6.1: Input file for hsmcn
In case of single body the keyword BODY may be omitted. However, in case of multi-
body it’s necessary to include it. If it’s not included all the values given are atributed to BODY
1 by default. Special attention should be paid to the stiffness matrices in case of multi-body,
where the numbers of the two bodies have to be given after the keyword BODY.
IMPORTANT: In case of seakeeping-sloshing coupled analysis, differently from the pre-

vious versions where the mechanical properties are given in the input file should excluding the
liquid in tanks, in version 6.0 the user must give the mechanical properties (mass, centre of
gravity and gyration radii) including the liquid inside the tanks.
6.2.1 Centre of Gravity

The longitudinal, transversal and vertical positions of the centre of gravity with respect to the
origin of the reference system must be given.
6.2.2 Gyration Radius

The gyration radius in HydroStar should be always defined with respect to the centre of
gravity of each body.

6.2.3 Inertia Matrix

The 6 x 6 inertia matrix can be given by the user. In this case, the shape of the matrix may
be arbitrary and its values shall be defined with respect to the reference point (if not given, by
default it’s taken at the centre of gravity).
In case the user defines the mass of the body, gyration radius, centre of gravity and
reference point, the inertia matrix calculated by HydroStar has the following shape:
M 0 0 0 M.ZGC −M.YGC
 

 0 M 0 −M.ZGC 0 M.XGC 

0 0 M M.YGC −M.XGC 0
 
[M ] =
 
0
 
 −M.ZGC M.YGC I44 I45 I46 
0
 
M.ZGC −M.XGC I54 I55 I56
 
 
−M.YGC M.XGC 0 I64 I65 I66
where:
· M is the mass of the body;

· XGC = XG − XCal ;
· YGC = YG − YCal ;
· ZGC = ZG − ZCal ;
with:
+ XG , YG and ZG being the position of the centre of gravity in the mesh reference;
+ XCal , YCal and ZCal being the position of the calculation point.
(y − YCal )2 + (z − ZCal )2 dm = M R44

Z
2 2 2
· I44 = + ZGC + YGC
h i
(z − ZCal )2 + (x − XCal )2 dm = M R55

Z
2 2 2
· I55 = + ZGC + XGC
h i
(x − XCal )2 + (y − YCal )2 dm = M R66

Z
2 2 2
· I66 = + XGC + YGC
h i
M
Z
· I45 = I54 = − (x − XCal ) (y − YCal ) dm = I45G − M × XGC × YGC
M
Z
· I46 = I64 = − (x − XCal ) (z − ZCal ) dm = I64G − M × XGC × ZGC
M
Z
· I56 = I65 = − (y − YCal ) (z − ZCal ) dm = I56G − M × YGC × ZGC
M

The user can input the full Inertia matrix or choose to input the following data:
· The mass of the body: M ;

· The position of the centre of gravity: (XG , YG , ZG );
· The gyration radius: R44 , R55 , R66 , R45 , R46 , R56
where:
Rii = with respect to the COG

q
Iii
+
M
Rij = sign(Iij ) with respect to the COG

q
|Iij |
+
M
6.2.4 Stiffness Matrix

The hydrostatic stiffness is computed by HydroStar. Nevertheless, an additionnal stiffness
matrix may be added by the user, for example to take into account for mooring systems. The
user has the possibility of inputting the complete stiffness matrix, or only the non-zero terms.
In the case of a single body the matrix has the dimension 6x6. However in case of
multi-body the full stiffness matrix has the size 6Nx6N, where N is the number of bodies.
In order to simplify the input of data, the matrix in case of multi-body is divided in NxN
sub-matrices in the following way:
K_BODY 1 1 K_BODY 1 2 ... K_BODY 1 N

K_BODY 2 1 K_BODY 2 2 ... K_BODY 2 N
... ... ... ...
K_BODY N 1 K_BODY N 2 ... K_BODY N N
In the above matrix, the sub-matrices [K_BODY i i] with (i= 1, .., N ), represent the
stiffness of the bodyi due to the motions of the body i itself. The sub-matrices [K_BODY
i j] represent the stiffness of the body i due to the motions of the body j. And finally the
sub-matrices [K_BODY j i] represent the stiffness of the body j due to the motions of the body i.
In summary, when specifying the stiffness matrix in case of multi-body, the user needs
to define two bodies numbers after the keyword BODY. In the case of single body this keyword
can be omitted as by default HydroStar assumes BODY 1.
As an example, in case there are two bodies connected to each other the user may de-
fine four stiffness matrices as below:

STIFFNESS_MATRIX TYPE 1 BODY 1 1

1 1 1.0E+04
2 2 1.0E+06
6 6 1.0E+10
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX

1 1 -1.0E+04
2 2 -1.0E+06
6 6 -1.0E+10
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX

1 1 -1.0E+04
2 2 -1.0E+06
6 6 -1.0E+10
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX

1 1 1.0E+04
2 2 1.0E+06
6 6 1.0E+10
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX
6.2.5 Damping Matrix

The damping due to radiation is computed by HydroStar in the hsrdf module. However, in
addition to the radiation damping, there are other sources of damping acting on the floating
bodies such as the fluid viscosity and the mooring and risers systems damping. The effects
of viscosity on the hull and on the appendages on roll damping are generally higher than the
radiation damping, a special paragraph below explain the different ways to take these effects
into account. The additional damping can be inputted by the four following ways:
· Linear damping in absolute values:

The damping matrix is up-dated adding the damping values inputted.
· Quadratic damping in absolute values:
The quadratic damping is so called because it varies with the square of the response
amplitude. Knowing that the response amplitude depends on the quantity of damping,
it can be deduced that the value of the quadratic damping is computed by iterative
procedure. The quadratic damping is also very dependent on the wave amplitude and its
effect is more important at the resonance region.
HydroStar then linearize the quadratic damping according to : BL = 3π
8
ω x BQ (where ω
is the frequence and x the motion amplitude).

· Linear damping in percentage of the critical damping:

The absolute value of damping is calculated from the critical damping value and the
damping matrix is up-dated adding these values.
· Linear and quadratic damping with Ikeada, Tanaka, Himeno (ITH) formulation for roll
motion:
The absolute values of damping are calculated from the geometry of the hull and of the
appendages and the damping matrix is up-dated adding these values.
Roll Damping
As it is written above, the appendages are generally not modellized in HydroStar mesh.
Moreover, the fluid model used in HydroStar is the perfect flow model without viscosity. But
viscosity and appendages increase the damping for roll motion in such an extent that it can’t
be neglicted. We suggest to use one of the following approximations to have a more realistic
roll damping:
· Linear damping in percentage of the critical damping is mostly used because it is certainly
the easiest way for ships and the one that need the less computation. We suggest these
approximation for ships:
+ Tanker, Bulk Carriers: 4% - 8% of critical damping;

+ LNG Carriers: 5% - 8% of critical damping;
+ Containership 3% - 5% of critical damping.
· Quadratic damping in absolute value for barges. Molin suggests:

1
+ BQ = 2
ρ CD B 4 L
where:
- ρ is the fluid density;
- B is the ship width;
- L is the ship length;
- CD is a coefficient which scales around 0.1-0.2.
· ITH formulation should be used when the user have any geometrical informations about
the appendages. The ITH formulation is a semi-empirical formula. It separates the several
sources of roll damping according to :

BT = BF + BE + BL + BW + BBKN + BBKH + BBKW + BSK
where:
+ BF is the frictional dampings caused by the skin friction stress on the hull in roll
motions;
+ BE is the eddy making damping caused by the flow separation on the bottom of the
ship hull near the stem and stern and near the bilge circle at the midship portion;
+ BL is the lift damping corresponding to the linear part of the lifting effects on the
hull in roll motion when the ship has forward speed;
+ BW is the wave radiation damping, which is generated by the motions of the ship.
This parcel of damping is linear and is computed in the module hsrdf in HydroStar
4;
+ BBKN is the normal force on the bilge keels;
+ BBKH is the component representing the pressure changes on the hull due to the
presence of the bilge keels;
+ BBKW is the wave making damping caused by the bilge keels;
+ BSK is the normal force on skeg.
The input data required for the use of this formulation are the dimensions of the bilge keel
and skeg (if any) according to the figure 6.2.
x
xbk1 span
xbk2
height SKEG
BILGE
KEEL
length
Figure 6.2:
One should always compare its inputs with model tests, if one has some available. They are

still the most reliable method for the evaluation of the damping for roll motion.
A new module has been implemented in HydroStar which performs the estimation of
the roll damping by using the ITH formulation. This module is called hsdmp and the results
obtained are the critical damping as it’s a reference value, the estimated linear and quadratic
damping to be used as input for hsmcn.
The input file has the same format as the one for hsmcn with the addition of the fol-
lowing keywords:
ITHDAMPING start line of ITH formulation for roll damping

bk, span, xbk1, xbk2 bilge keels dimensions (if any) according to the figure above
sk, length, height skeg dimensions (if any) according to the figure above
ENDITHDAMPING end line of ITH formulation for roll damping
The module hsdmp is used before hsmcn and to run it the user only needs to type:
Hstar>proj>hsdmp input.dmp
After obtaining the estimation for linear and quadratic damping, the user needs to modify the
input file for hsmcn in order to include those values.
6.2.6 Internal tank in multi-body calculation

When using several bodies with internal tank, the association tank-body should be defined in
the mechanical input file as follow :
TANK_TABLE
TANK itank BODY body
TANK itank2 BODY body2
...
ENDTANK_TABLE
The number of tank in the tank table should match the number of tank calculated in hstnk
6.2.7 Adding Morison elements to the model

Offshore structures like oil platforms or renewable energy converters can be constituted of
elements whose size is small in comparison to the incoming waves. These elements (mainly

brackets rigidifying the structure) generate very low diffracted and radiated waves, therefore
the force acting on them can be expressed through the use of the Morison equation.
By default, in HydroStar , both the motion of the structure and the undisturbed incident
wave field are taken into account in order to compute the Morison force on the structure.
Defining Morison elements
In HydroStar , the Morison elements are constituted of circular beams with user-defined drag
and added mass coefficients. The user may make use of fictitious beams to model elements that
are already modelled through panels. To show consistency, fictitious beams have to be defined
without mass (Cm = 0) but with a drag coefficient larger than zero (Cd > 0).
To define the elements, the user has to include the following lines in the mechanical input
file:
MORISON start line of Morison elements

1 CIRC x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 D Cm Cd Nseg
2 CIRC x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 D Cm Cd Nseg
..
ENDMORISON end line of Morison elements
In the description of the Morison elements above, (x1,y1,z1) represent the three coordinates
of the position of one extremity of the element and (x2,y2,z2) the coordinates of the other
extremity in the mesh coordinate system. D stands for the diameter of the tube element. Cd is
the drag coefficient of the element, while Cm is the added mass coefficient of the element. The
optional keyword N seg stands for the number of segments in the discretization of the element.
An example of a SPAR platform with additional Morison elements is shown in figure 6.3.
The user has the option to include the effects of the radiated and diffracted fields for the
evaluation of the velocity acting on the Morison element. This can be activated through the
keyword DIFF_RAD to put in the mechanical input file. By default, it is inactive as it can
be CPU-time consuming.
Drag term linearization and wave environment
As we operate in frequential domain, the drag term in the Morison equation has to be linearized.
There are two strategies for the linearization of this term.
· Regular wave linearization. In this case, the linearized drag term takes the following
8
form: FL = 21 ρ Cd D 3Π kU kU which is similar to quadratic roll linearization explained in

Figure 6.3: SPAR platform with Morison elements
section 6.2.5. In this case, the user should specify the wave amplitude with the keyword
WAVEAMPLITUDE .
· Stochastic linearization in irregular waves. It consists in computing standard de-

viations of the q
velocity at each iteration step and can be written on the following form:
FL = 2 ρ Cd D P8i σU
1
For stochastic linearization, the user needs to define a specific seastate for which a
spectral computation will be performed. In the mechanical input file, the sea state will
be defined as follows:
STOCHASTIC_MORISON
SPECTRUM PARAMETERS RELHEAD SPREADING VAL
ENDSTOCHASTIC_MORISON
with SPECTRUM: the type of the spectrum, PARAMETERS: the parameters of

the spectrum (Hs, Tp, Gamma), RELHEAD: the relative incidence of the sea in degrees,
SPREADING: the distribution law of the sea directions and VAL: the value of the
spreading parameter. All these inputs are described in the StarSpec manual. An example

of stochastic linearization input is given here:
STOCHASTIC_MORISON
JONSWAP HS 7.1 TP 16.0 GAMMA 1.0 RELHEAD 0.0 NO
ENDSTOCHASTIC_MORISON
Finally, in the stochastic case, a 2D linearization is available through the keyword

2D_LINEARIZATION .
6.2.8 Wave-current interaction formulation

In the case where the user has performed the resolution of the first-order radiation-diffraction
with a low forward speed through the wave-current formulation, the keyword WAVECUR has
to be specified in the input file.
6.2.9 Pendulum mechanics

HydroStar can compute the coupled motion of the ship and an attached pendulum. Theoretical
details can be found in [5]. To take into account an attached pendulum, the syntax is the
following :
PENDULUM ibody mass x y z L
where x, y, and z are the coordinate of the crane tip and L the length of the cable.
Note :
1-The given mass for the floating body does not take into account the pendulum mass
2-The reference point should be set to G, center of gravity of the whole system "ship + pendu-
lum".
3-The gyration radius (or mass matrix) is expressed with regards to G.
4-Available for single body calculation only.
6.3 Computing the vessel’s motions

After preparing the input file with the mechanical properties of the vessel, the user is able to
start the computation of the motions just typing hsmcn name_file in HydroStar window:

Hstar>proj>hsmcn input.mcn

Chapter 7
Global wave efforts computation
The global wave efforts are computed by HydroStar using the hswld module. To compute
these efforts, the inertia of each section is required. Those inertia matrix can either be set up
manually, or calculated by hstat module
7.1 Section inertia from mass distribution

HStat module (command "hstat") can be used to compute section inertia from mass distribu-
tion. The following keywords shall be used to describe the mass distribution:
ZFSURFACE z-coordinate of the waterline in the reference

system used to define mass distribution
NEW Enable the "LIN3D" and "POINT" items in

the mass distribution
DISMASS to start the input of mass distribution

#Item use for longitudinal mass distribution
ID Description Mass x1 x2 xG yr zG
#General items (requires "NEW" keyword)
ID LIDN3D, Mass, x1 x2 xG y1 y2 yG z1 z2 zG
#Ponctual mass (requires "NEW" keyword)
ID POINT Mass xg yg zg I44 I55 I66
ENDDISMASS to end the input of mass distribution

CHAPTER 7. GLOBAL WAVE EFFORTS COMPUTATION
where:
nb sequential number of the mass item
M ass mass item value
x1 position of the begin of the mass item
x2 position of the end of the mass item
xG longitudinal position of gravity centre of the mass item
yr gyration radius of the mass item around longitudinal axis in the centreline
of the vessel and with z-coordinate equal to the vertical centre of gravity (figure 7.1)
of the mass item
zG vertical position of gravity centre of the mass item
SECTION TYPE type_nb to start the input of sections to compute the loads
[nb_sec] xs , ys , zs to end the definition of sections
ENDSECTION
ENDFILE to end the input file
where:
type_nb = 0 if the sequential number of the sections is given
xs, ys, zs = position of the section
NOTE 1 : On each segment, the density is considered linear. If a linear density variation
can not achieve the centre of gravity position (with regard the the item boundary), a warning
message "Inconsistent item" is displayed.
NOTE 2 : If additional damping has been defined by the user, this "global" damping has
to be dispatched over the sections to get a balanced model. By default, the additional damping
is dispatched between 0.1L and 0.9L. The way to dispatch the damping over the section can
be fully customized later on (Keyword VISC44 in the generated project_wld.don). Additional
stiffness is handled the same way.
NOTE 3 : It is possible to define transverse section using YSECTION instead of

SECTION.
Figure 7.1: Y r definition

The file which exemplifies the mass distribution file is displayed in figure 7.2.
ZFSURFACE 27.47 m
DISMASS TYPE 0
1 Hull fore part 1152.55 146.00 158.22 151.05 18.02 17.56
2 Hull middle part 16341.00 -91.80 146.00 27.10 18.02 17.56
.. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
102 TCBB8 5389.87 -101.38 -71.88 -86.63 18.02 16.44
103 Sloptk 4214.00 -108.88 -101.38 -105.13 18.02 16.44
ENDDISMASS
SECTION TYPE 0
1 -165.15 0 0
2 -165 0 0
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
34 155 0 0
35 165 0 0
ENDSECTION
ENDFILE
Figure 7.2: Example of input file for Mass distribution
The user is able to Visualized the mass distribution and sections by typing "hsview mass-
Distribution.wld":
Hstar>proj>hview massDistribution.wld
An example of visualization is given in figure 7.3.
Figure 7.3: Mass distribution and sections

With the above file hstat generates the input file for hswld which consists on the inertia
matrix for each defined section.
Hstar>proj>hstat massDistribution.wld
HydroStar will perform the calculation of the mass properties. Those are compared
with the hydrostatic properties of the hull. If there is a mismatch (i.e. mass not corresponding
to displacement, or CoB not vertically aligned with CoG), it’s up to the user decide to keep
the original mass distribution, or to automatically correct it to match mesh properties. (the
correction is simply a scaling and a horizontal offset of the mass distribution)
Then, the file proj_wld.don will be created in the user’s work directory.
A by-product of this module is the still water loads that are calculated and output in
"tmp/stillWaterLoads.dat".
Eventually, the loads can be computed using hswld module by typing "hswld proj_wld.don".
Hstar>proj>hswld proj_wld.don

7.2 User defined section inertia

If none of the above mass distribution assumption fits your data, it is possible to directly
input the section inertia. This way, it is possible to model any kind of mass distribution (for
instance it is possible to directly use section mass matrix from FE model.)
The following key words shall be used in the input file for hswld:
MASS_BODY nb_body, mass_body number of the body, mass of

body
COGPOINT_BODY nb_body, xG , yG , zG number of the body, centre
of gravity
GYRADIUS_BODY nb_body, rxx , ryy , rzz , rxy , rxz , ryz number of the body, gyra-
tion radius
To compute the efforts on the longitudinal sections:
YSECTION_No no_section start input longitudinal sec-

tion data
REFPOINT xREF , yREF , zREF reference point of the sec-
tion
COGFROMSB xG , yG , zG gravity centre of the section
VIS44PC visc_damp viscous damping coefficient
for roll
INERTMATRIX inertia_matrix to start the input of inertia
matrix
ENDSECTION to end the input of section
data
To compute the efforts on the transversal sections:

SECTION_No no_section start input transversal sec-

tion data
REFPOINT xREF , yREF , zREF reference point of the sec-
tion
COGFROMAP xG , yG , zG gravity centre of the section
VIS44PC visc_damp viscous damping coefficient
for roll
INERTMATRIX inertia_matrix to start the input of inertia
matrix
ENDSECTION to end the input of section
data
ENDFILE to end the input file
NOTE: The inertia matrix should be defined in accordance with the matrix defined in item
6.2, where the calculation point is located in the section and the centre of gravity is the centre
of gravity of the loading condition.
The picture, displayed in figure 7.4, gives an example of the input file for hswld.

# Project : Semi-Sub
# User : BV
#
MASS_BODY 1 2.2643E+07
COGPOINT_BODY1 0.0 0.0 -4.63
GYRADIUS_BODY1 28.81 28.75 33.46 0.00 0.00 0.00
YSECTION_No 1
REFPOINT 0.0000 0.0000 -4.63
COGFROMSB 0.22947 -21.000 -4.63
VIS44PC 0.00000E+00
INERTMATRIX
0.11647E+08 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 -0.53926E+08 -0.24499E+09
0.00000E+00 0.11647E+08 0.00000E+00 0.53926E+08 0.00000E+00 0.26726E+07
0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.11647E+08 0.24499E+09 -0.26726E+07 0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00 0.53926E+08 0.24499E+09 0.47231E+10 -0.23747E+09 0.58046E+09
-0.53926E+08 0.00000E+00 -0.26726E+07 -0.23747E+09 0.10017E+11 0.15830E+10
-0.24499E+09 0.26726E+07 0.00000E+00 0.58046E+09 0.15830E+10 0.74257E+10
ENDSECTION
YSECTION_No 2
REFPOINT 0.0000 0.0000 -4.63
COGFROMSB 0.0000 0.0000 -4.63
VIS44PC 0.00000E+00
INERTMATRIX
0.22643E+08 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 -0.10484E+09 0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00 0.22643E+08 0.00000E+00 0.10484E+09 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.22643E+08 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00 0.10484E+09 0.00000E+00 0.18787E+11 -0.11268E+09 0.52149E+09
-0.10484E+09 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 -0.11268E+09 0.18711E+11 -0.29881E+09
0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.52149E+09 -0.29881E+09 0.25348E+11
ENDSECTION
ENDFILE
Figure 7.4: Example of input file for hswld
To compute the loads using hswld module by typing hswld proj_wld.don”.

Chapter 8
Waves visualization
The module hswav of HydroStar generates the files for the visualization of waves by the
program BV-VSHIP, that can be included as optional software in HydroStar package.
hswav is used to construct the files containing:
• Vessel’s motions;
• Pressures on the hull;
• Waves on the free surface around the ship.
The constructed files are used by BV-VSHIPto show:
• Animations of vessel’s motions;

• Animation of pressures on the hull;
• Animation of waves on the free surface around the ship;
• Multi-bodies : ships/offshore platforms;
• Regular waves;
• Irregular waves of a given wave spectrum.
The following key words shall be used in the input file for hswav:
VSHIP FILE fileroot fileroot is used to the root part of output files
To generate the mesh on the free surface:

CHAPTER 8. WAVES VISUALIZATION
XMIN xmin Minimum x-coordinate of the rectangular area

XMAX xmax Maximum x-coordinate of the rectangular area
DLTX dltx Step value in the x-direction
YMIN ymin Minimum y-coordinate of the rectangular area
YMIN ymax Maximum y-coordinate of the rectangular area
DLTY dlty Step value in the y-direction
or
RMIN rmin Minimum R-coordinate of the circular area

RMAX rmax Maximum R-coordinate of the circular area
DLTR dltr Step value in the R-direction
TMIN tmin Minimum theta-coordinate of the circular area
TMAX tmin Maximum theta-coordinate of the circular area
DLTT dltt Step value in the theta-direction
ENDFILE
The input file displayed in figure 8.1 gives an example for hswav.
VSHIP FILE toto
XMIN -200.0
XMAX 500.0
DLTX 10.0
YMIN -100.0
YMAX 100.0
DLTY 5.0
Figure 8.1: Example of input file for hswav
The hswav can only be performed after the calculation of the motions by hsmcn.
Hstar>proj>hswav input.wav
HydroStar will generate a folder named “.../wav” in the work directory, in which the fol-
lowing output files are stored:

CHAPTER 8. WAVES VISUALIZATION
Fileroot.bvh file (ASCII) Vship project file

Fileroot.vsh file (ASCII) containing Vship hull mesh
Fileroot.vws file (ASCII) containing Vship mesh on the free surface
Fileroot_Total.vwr file (Binary) containing Vship wave RAOs
Fileroot_Total.vsm file (Binary) containing Vship motion RAOs
Fileroot_Total.vsp file (Binary) containing Vship pressure RAOs
The file Fileroot.bvh shall be openned using BV-VSHIPin order to obtain the requested
visualization.
For further details about BV-VSHIP, please refer to the Vship Visualizer User’s Guide.

Chapter 9
Pressure and wave elevation

computation
The pressure (relative wave elevation) and the wave elevation are calculated using the module
hsprs after the calculation of the motions.
The total relative pressure is made of the following components (that can be output
individually):
• Incident wave
• Diffracted wave
• Radiated wave for each DDL
• Hydrostatic due to the ship motion (still water pressure is not included)
When forward speed is set, the encounter frequency approximation is used. Pressure output
includes the so-called "mj terms"

CHAPTER 9. PRESSURE AND WAVE ELEVATION COMPUTATION
The user shall define the points to calculate the pressure/wave elevation by making use of
the following keywords in the input data:
ZFSURFACE free surface coordinate as defined in item 2.2 (default = 0)
WAVEDECOMPOSITION to obtain the different components of diffraction

and radiation pressure
SPEED_DECOMP to obtain the different components of diffraction

and radiation velocities
POINTS to start the input of the points coordinates

nb, xp , yp , zp number of the point, coordinates of the point
ENDPTS to end the input of the points coordinates
COEFINC coefficient applied to the incident wave from 0.0 to 1.0

COEFRDF coefficient applied to the diffraction and radiation
from 0.0 to 1.0
COEFHDS coefficient applied to the vessel’s motions (if =0.0, only
the absolute wave elevation is computed)
BODY body whose motions are to be considered

in case of multi-body computation
and if vessel’s motions are taken into account (i.e. COEFHDS=1.0)
INTANK In case the pressure is desired inside a internal tank
TANK Tank considered, in case INTANK is enable
SIDEWALL WIDTH w width of the channel
WAVECUR YES or NO option of using the wave-current interaction results
The figure 9.1 contains an example of input file for hsprs.
In order to run hsprs, the user can enter the command:
Hstar>proj>hsprs input.prs
The user is able to check the file generated by typing “hschk input.prs”:

CHAPTER 9. PRESSURE AND WAVE ELEVATION COMPUTATION
ZFSURFACE 11.000 m
POINTS
1 -200.00 0.00 11.0
2 -190.00 0.00 11.0
3 -180.00 0.00 11.0
4 -170.00 0.00 11.0
ENDPTS
COEFINC 1.0
COEFRDF 1.0
COEFHDS 0.0
ENDFILE
Figure 9.1: Example of input file for hsprs
Hstar>proj>hschk input.prs
Then the points at which the pressure will be calculated can be visualized together
with the mesh:
Hstar>proj>hvisu -p
In the case where the user has performed the resolution of the first-order radiation-
diffraction with a low forward speed through the wave-current formulation and has previously
specified WAVECUR in the mechanical input file, the keyword WAVECUR has to be specified
in the input file of hsprs.

Chapter 10
Second order computation
The low-frequency loads can be described as being the quadratic function of the bichromatic
incident and diffraction/radiation wave fields. The QTF (Quadratic Transfer Function) of
low-frequency loads needs the solution of the second order problem except for the diagonal
terms equal to the mean drift loads which can be directly obtained from the first order results.
The complete low-frequency loads are composed of two parts: one depending on the
quadratic products of the first-order wave fields, and the second depending on the second order
potentials which can be represented by two Haskind integrals on the body surface, in addition
to the second order Froude-Krylov forces. Thus, we may write the jth component of the QTF
as:
Fj− (ωj , ωk ) = F21 + F20 + F2H + (F2F ) (10.1)
Further more, the QTF Fj− (ωj , ωk ) is assumed to be regular function of (ωj , ωk ) and a
Taylor expansion with respect ∆ = (ωj − ωk ) to can be developed:
Fj− (ωj , ωk ) = F0 (ωj ) + F1 (ωj )∆ω + F2 (ωj )(∆ω)2 /2 + ... (10.2)
As the free surface Haskind integral is of order O[(∆ω)2 ] or higher, an approximation

of the low-frequency QTF is proposed.
The approximation proposed by Newman (1974), which consists of using only the drift
loads is qualified by zeroth-order approximation. The approximation considering all terms
except of the free surface integral is of order O(∆ω), one order higher than Newman’s
approximation.
There are two classical formulations to solve the second order low frequency loads prob-

CHAPTER 10. SECOND ORDER COMPUTATION
lem. The near field formulation needs the evaluation of first-order wave field around the hull
and along the waterline, as well as the first-order motions. Another formulation based on
the momentum theorem for the horizontal drift forces has been developed by Maruo (1960)
and extended to the moment around the vertical axis by Newman (1967). This formulation
involving first-order wave field in the far field is often called far-field formulation and preferable
in practice thanks to its better convergence and stability. However, the far field formulation
can not provide the vertical drift loads which can be important in shallow water case, and the
low-frequency loads (QTF) which are critically important in shallow water.
The recent work (Chen, 2004) unblocks this situation by developing a new formulation
for the calculation of the second order low frequency loads. Starting with the most general
near field formulation, and then obtaining a near field formulation by making use of two
variants of Stokes theorems, the analysis in a finite volume limited by the hull and a control
surface surrounding the body yields new middle-field formulation. This formulation combines
the advantages of both near field and far field formulation, providing good numerical precision
and possibility of accessing to all components of drift loads and low frequency loads (QTF) as
the near field formulation.
HydroStar provides the possibility of computing the second order wave loads by making
use of any of the three formulation that were briefly described above and also to consider the
O[(∆ω)] for the integral over the free surface. In the versions 5.0 and above of HydroStar the
formulations for the computation of second order wave loads in unidirectional waves have been
extended to the case of multi-directional waves (cross waves). Both the classical near-field
formulation and the new middle-field formulation can be used used.
More theoretical details about second-order loads can be found in [1], [4] , [3] and [2].
10.1 Mean drift loads in uni-directional waves

The mean drift loads are the second-order loads that are only function of quadratic product of
the first-order wave field and responses.
For the computation of the mean drift loads in uni-directional waves, we use the mod-
ule hsdft. The user can choose between three formulations: near field, far field and
middle-field. When the middle-field formulation is chosen, the user needs to define a control
surface mesh.
NOTE: Although the middle field formulation is general, only the horizontal load components
can be calculated using the module hsdft, for HydroStar versions up to 6.10.

10.1.1 Input file for hsdft

The input file for hsdft is only necessary to select the formulation to be used and to provide
the necessary data to generate the control surface in case the middle field formulation is
selected. By default HydroStar performs the computation by using the near-field and far-field
formulations without any input file.
The following information shall be provided in the input file:
• Choice of formulation;
• Control surface definition (only when middle field is chosen).
The following keywords shall be used:
NFORMULE Yes/No By default = Yes

FFORMULE Yes/No By default = Yes
MFORMULE Yes/No By default = No
If MFORMULE = Yes, the control surface shall be provided:
The control surface mesh to be used for hsdft is to be opened at the free surface (open
box). In order to define a box the following keywords should be used:
NBBOITE nb Nb of control surfaces = Nb of bodies

XCSURFACE ib, xmin, xmax, dltx No control surface and min/max/step of
x-coordinates
YCSURFACE ib, ymin, ymax, dlty No control surface and min/max/step of
y-coordinates
ZCSURFACE ib, zmin, zmax, dltz No control surface and min/max/step of
z-coordinates. zmax needs to be equal to 0.0
OPTFOND Yes/No including the bottom of control surface
(by default=Y)
SIDEWALL WIDTH w width of the channel
WAVECUR YES or NO option of using the wave-current interaction formulation
(default=NO)

NOTE: The automatic control surface mesh generated by HydroStar is not to be used for
hsdft.
The figure 10.1 exemplifies the input file above described.
NFORMULE YES
FFORMULE YES
MFORMULE NO
ENDFILE
Figure 10.1: Example of input file for hsdft
10.1.2 Checking and visualizing the control surface

The user is able to check the mesh of the control surface before running hsdft by just typing
“hschk” followed by the name of the input file for drift loads:
Hstar>proj>hschk input.dft
After checking the control surface mesh, the user is able to visualize it just typing “hvisu -b:
Hstar>proj>hvisu -b
Then, VISU4D window will be opened and both the hull mesh and the control surface
mesh can be visualized (see fig 10.2).
Figure 10.2:

10.1.3 Running hsdft

After running “hsmcn”, the user is able to start the second order mean drift computation with
or without the input file.
• Without the input file: Just type “hsdft” in HydroStar window:
Hstar>proj>hsdft
• With input file: Type “hsdft” followed by the input file name:
Hstar>proj>hsdft input.dft
10.2 Mean drift loads in bi-directional waves

The mean drift loads computation in bi-drectional waves is made by the module hsmdf. The
user may choose between two formulations: the near field and the middle field. Differently from
the module hsdft, the module hsmdf only allows the computation for one formulation per time.
10.2.1 Input file for hsmdf

The input file for hsmdf module is the same as used for hsdft. Only the keyword
MULTIDIRECTIONELLE should be added to the file described in item 9.1.1 as in
figure 10.3:
NFORMULE No
FFORMULE No
MFORMULE YES
NBBOITE 1
XCSURFACE 1 -5.0 5.0 0.1
YCSURFACE 1 -1.0 1.0 0.1
ZCSURFACE 1 -2.0 0.0 0.1
MULTIDIRECTIONELLE
ENDFILE
Figure 10.3: Example of input file for hsmdf
NOTE: As explained above, only one formulation can be used per time. In case several
formulations are chosen, the last one given in the input file will be used.

10.2.2 Running hsmdf

After running “hsmcn”, the user is able to launch the mean drift computation in cross waves
Type “hsmdf” followed by the input file name:
Hstar>proj>hsmdf input.mdf
10.3 Full QTF computation in uni- and bi-directional

waves
The full QTF (Quadratic Transfer Function) calculation requires the solution of the second-
order potential. Two modules are used to perform the calculation: one is hsamg which is a
pre-processor for the other hsqtf.
10.3.1 Input file for hsamg and hsqtf

The same input file may be used for both modules hsamg and hsqtf.
The following information should be given in the input file for full QTF computation:
• Choice of formulation (near-field or middle field). Only one formulation can be chosen;
• Difference-frequencies for the calculation (∆ω);
• Wave frequencies;
• Control surface definition in case middle-field is chosen.
NOTE: It’s important to note that the diffraction-radiation computations (hsrdf should be
performed not only for the wave frequencies but also for the difference-frequencies
The control surface mesh for the modules hsamg and hsqtf is different than the one used for
hsdft as it is to be closed at the free surface between the control surface envelope mesh and
the hull mesh. An adequate control surface mesh is automatically generated by HydroStar.

The following keywords shall be used:
TYPEFORMULE NEAR-FIELD or MIDDLE-FIELD
DIFFREQUENCE ∆ωmin ∆ωmax ∆ωstep

WAVFREQUENCE ωmin ωmax ωstep
NBBOITE nb
CSFILE AUTO BODY ib zmin , zmax , dz, optional_parameters
MULTIDIRECTIONELLE (in case of bi-directional waves)
*The optional_parameters mentioned above refer to:
zbias , xratio , yratio , nbtop
where:
zbias is the parameter for the discretization of the control surface

mesh the vertical direction. By default zbias = 1.0
xratio is the scaling factor in the x-direction.
By default xratio = 1.0
yratio is the scaling factor in the y-direction.
By default yratio = 1.0
nbtop is the number of panels at the free surface.
By default nbtop = 5
NOTE: In case middle-field formulation is chosen, we recommend that zmax (maximum

z-coordinate of the control surface) is set to 0.0 (free surface level) in the input file, in order
to obtain better convergence.
The figure 10.5 exemplifies the input file for the QTF computation.
10.3.2 Running HydroStar

After running “hsmcn”, the user is able to launch the low-frequency loads computation
First type hsamg followed by the input file name:
Hstar>proj>hsamg input.qtf

DIFFREQUENCE 0.000 0.20 0.025

WAVFREQUENCE 0.10 2.50 0.025
TYPEFORMULE MIDDLE-FIELD
NBBOITE 1
CSFILE AUTO BODY 1 -20.0 0.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 5
MULTIDIRECTIONELLE
ENDFILE
Figure 10.4: Example of input file for hsamg and hsqtf
Then type hsqtf followed by the same input file:

Hstar>proj>hsqtf input.qtf
10.4 High frequency 2nd order loads

Since HydroStar v7.00, it is possible to compute the sum frequency second order loads. The
method used is the same as for the low frequency 2nd loads, except that the free-surface Haskind
integral can not be neglected anymore.
To evaluate this slowly converging integral, the free-surface is decomposed into 3 sub-
domains
• Near-field sub-domain, where the integral is numerically evaluated on a mesh provided

by the user
• Intermediate-field sub-domain, where the integral is evaluated with a semi-analytical

method, using asymptotic expression of the far field potential
• Far-field sub-domain, where the integral is evaluated analytically.
10.4.1 Input file

The input file is similar to the one used for low-frequency 2nd order loads, except for the
additional keyword MODE SUM. The only formulation available yet is "NEAR-FIELD"’.
Example:
DIFFREQUENCE 0.000 0.20 0.025

WAVFREQUENCE 0.10 2.50 0.025
TYPEFORMULE NEAR-FIELD
MODE SUM
ENDFILE
Figure 10.5: Example of input file for hsamg and hsqtf

Note 1 : A free-surface mesh must have been described in the mesh file read by HSlec (see
chapter 3). The free surface must be circular and centered on (x,y)=(0,0).
Note 2 : Only available with 0 or 1 symmetry
10.4.2 Lauching the high-frequency 2nd order calculation

The potential on the integration domain (Hull + Free-surface) is pre-calculated with hsamg
module:
Hstar>proj>hsamg input.qtf
The QTF calculation itself is done thanks to the command hspg2 :

Hstar>proj>hspg2 input.qtf

Chapter 11
Construction of the transfer functions
After performing the calculations, the user is able to construct the following transfer functions
by using the command “hsrao”:
• Motion, velocity and acceleration RAOs;
• Reading the added mass and damping matrices;
• Reading the wave diffraction loads;
• Wave kinematics at a point around ship;
• Drift loads;
• QTFs low frequency.
• QTFs high frequency.
11.1 Input File

The following commands may be used in the input file for hsrao:

CHAPTER 11. CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRANSFER FUNCTIONS
11.1.1 Hydrodynamic coefficients

Radiation Coefficients (obtained after running hsmcn )
CM keywords Added-mass coefficients at the reference point

CA keywords Radiation damping coefficients at the reference point
The keywords mentioned above refer to:
BODY no_body Give the identify number of body (default=1)

FILE f ile_name Give the output file name
BETA β Heading value (in case of forward speed)
TERM n1, n2... Terms of matrix (ex: 11 for surge, 22 for sway, etc)
NOTE: In case of forward speed the added mass and damping coefficients depend on the
heading. In those cases, the user needs to define the heading to output the results (keyword
BETA). Otherwise the first heading used in the calculations will be taken by default.
Radiation Coefficients in tanks (obtained after running hsmcn with tanks)
CMTANK keywords Added-mass coefficients in tank

CATANK keywords Radiation damping coefficients in tank
TANK no_tank Give the identify number of the tank (default=1)

BETA β Heading value (in case of forward speed)
TERM n1, n2... Terms of matrix (ex: 11 for surge, 22 for sway, etc)

First order excitation loads (obtained after running hsmcn )
FXF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads Fx

FYF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads Fy
FZF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads Fz
MXF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads Mx
MYF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads My
MZF1ST keywords FK and diffraction loads Mz
FXDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads Fx
FYDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads Fy
FZDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads Fz
MXDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads Mx
MYDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads My
MZDIF1ST keywords Diffraction loads Mz
FXFK1ST keywords FK loads Fx
FYFK1ST keywords FK loads Fy
FZFK1ST keywords FK loads Fz
MXFK1ST keywords FK loads Mx
MYFK1ST keywords FK loads My
MZFK1ST keywords FK loads Mz
AT x, y, z Give the coordinates of point (default = reference point)

+ optional keywords (see 11.1.11) .

11.1.2 Motion, velocities and acceleration

RAOs at the center of gravity (obtained after running hsmcn )
GSURGE keywords Surge RAO

GSWAY keywords Sway RAO
GHEAVE keywords Heave RAO
GROLL keywords Roll RAO
GPITCH keywords Pitch RAO
GYAW keywords Yaw RAO
optional keywords 11.1.11.

RAOs at any point of the body (after running hsmcn )
MSURGE keywords Motion RAO in X direction at a given point

MSWAY keywords Motion RAO in Y direction at a given point
MHEAVE keywords Motion RAO in Z direction at a given point
VSURGE keywords Surge velocity RAO
VSWAY keywords Sway velocity RAO
VHEAVE keywords Heave velocity RAO
VROLL keywords Roll velocity RAO
VPITCH keywords Pitch velocity RAO
VYAW keywords Yaw velocity RAO
ASURGE keywords Surge acceleration RAO
ASWAY keywords Sway acceleration RAO
AHEAVE keywords Heave acceleration RAO
AROLL keywords Roll acceleration RAO
APITCH keywords Pitch acceleration RAO
AYAW keywords Yaw acceleration RAO
ACCX keywords Acceleration RAO in X direction at a given point
including -g*pitch
ACCY keywords Acceleration RAO in Y direction at a given point
including +g*roll
ACCZ keywords Acceleration RAO in Z direction at a given point
= AHEAVE
AT x, y, z Give the coordinates of point (default = reference point)

+ optional keywords (see 11.1.11) .
Relative motions between two vessels (after running hsmcn )
RELMX keywords longitudinal relative motions of two vessels

RELMY keywords transverse relative motions of two vessels
RELMZ keywords vertical relative motions of two vessels

BODIES id1 id2 Gives the two vessels IDs
AT1 x1 y1 z1 Coordinates of body 1
AT2 x2 y2 z2 Coordinates of body 2
+ optional keywords, exept ’BODY’ see section 11.1.11.

11.1.3 Pendulum motions and tension

If calculation has been performed using the attached pendulum 6.2.9, the following transfer
functions can be output :
PENDUL_T keywords Tension in the cable

PENDUL_A keywords Longitudinal inclination of the cable
PENDUL_B keywords Transverse inclination of the cable
11.1.4 Roll center

The roll center is defined as
M a42
ZRC = ZG − (11.1)
M a22 + M
ROLLCENTER keywords Roll center vertical position

11.1.5 Pressure and relative wave elevation (after running hsprs)

Wave pressure / Wave elevation
PRESSURE or RWE keywords Dynamic pressure at a given point or a frequency

RWEVX keywords Relative velocity Vx at a given point
RWEVY keywords Relative velocity Vy at a given point
RWEVZ keywords Relative velocity Vz at a given point
POINT no_point identify number of points

+ optional keywords see section 11.1.11 .
Note : Pressure is given in meter of water column, so that PRESSURE at free-surface is

also the wave elevation.
Wave pressure / Wave elevation in internal tanks
INTANKPRS keywords Dynamic pressure at a given point
Note : HSprs must have been run with the keyword "INTANK" (See chapter 9)

Decomposed wave pressure
To get the decomposed pressure the syntax is the following :
WAVEDEC RAD1 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit surge velocity

WAVEDEC RAD2 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit sway velocity
WAVEDEC RAD3 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit heave velocity
WAVEDEC RAD4 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit roll velocity
WAVEDEC RAD5 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit pitch velocity
WAVEDEC RAD6 keywords Radiated pressure for a unit yaw velocity
WAVEDEC INC keywords Incident pressure
WAVEDEC DIF keywords Diffracted pressure
SPEEDXDEC RAD1 keywords Radiated velocity x for a unit surge velocity
SPEEDYDEC RAD1 keywords Radiated velocity y for a unit surge velocity
SPEEDZDEC RAD1 keywords Radiated velocity z for a unit surge velocity
...

AT x y z Reference point for radiation
+ optional keywords see section 11.1.11 .
Note 1 : By default, the radiated pressure are expressed with reference to the CoB.
Note 2 : Pression decomposition requires the keyword WAVEDECOMPOSITION in HSprs
input file.
Note 3 : Velocity decomposition requires the keyword SPEEDDECOMPOSITION in HSprs
input file

11.1.6 Internal loads (after running hswld)
SECTFX keywords Wave loads Fx at a given section or a wave frequency

SECTFY keywords Wave loads Fy at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTFZ keywords Wave loads Fz at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMX keywords Wave loads Mx at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMY keywords Wave loads My at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMZ keywords Wave loads Mz at a given section or a wave frequency
The keywords mentioned above refer to :
SECT no_section identification number of section

FREQ f req_value frequency value (to obtain loads along the ship’s length)
+ optional keywords see section 11.1.11.

11.1.7 Mean drift loads in uni and bi-directional waves (after run-
ning hsdft or hsmdf)
DRIFTFX keywords Wave drift load Fx at the reference point

DRIFTFY keywords Wave drift load Fy at the reference point
DRIFTFZ keywords Wave drift load Fz at the reference point
DRIFTMX keywords Wave drift load Mx at the reference point
DRIFTMY keywords Wave drift load My at the reference point
DRIFTMZ keywords Wave drift load Mz at the reference point

BETA β1 Main incident direction between the two waves
(for bi-directional waves only)
PRE Drift loads by using pressure integrations
(Near Field)
MOM Drift loads by using the momentum formulation
(Far Field)
CSF Drift loads by using the control-surface
(Middle Field)
AMP Amplitude
PHASE Phase
COS Component cos (real part)
SIN Component sin (imaginary part)

11.1.8 QTF in uni-directional waves (after running hsqtf or hspg2)
QTFFX keywords Low-frequency load Fx at the reference point

QTFFY keywords Low-frequency load Fy at the reference point
QTFFZ keywords Low-frequency load Fz at the reference point
QTFMX keywords Low-frequency load Mx at the reference point
QTFMY keywords Low-frequency load My at the reference point
QTFMZ keywords Low-frequency load Mz at the reference point
SPGFX keywords High-frequency load Fx at the reference point
SPGFY keywords High-frequency load Fy at the reference point
SPGFZ keywords High-frequency load Fz at the reference point
SPGMX keywords High-frequency load Mx at the reference point
SPGMY keywords High-frequency load My at the reference point
SPGMZ keywords High-frequency load Mz at the reference point
QTFFX1 keywords F1 term of Fx load of O(∆ω) approximation

QTFFY1 keywords F1 term of Fy load of O(∆ω)approximation
QTFFZ1 keywords F1 term of Fz load of O(∆ω) approximation
QTFMX1 keywords F1 term of Mx load of O(∆ω) approximation
QTFMY1 keywords F1 term of My load of O(∆ω) approximation
QTFMZ1 keywords F1 term of Mz load of O(∆ω) approximation

BETA β Gives the QTF for all difference-frequencies and
for a certain incidence
DIFF ∆ω Gives the QTF for all incidences and
for a certain difference-frequency
NOTE: As HSqtf computes the second-order loads with only one formulation at once, the
keywords PRE / CSF / MOM are not taken into account here

11.1.9 QTF in bi-directional waves (after running hsqtf)
MQTFFX keywords Low-frequency load Fx at the reference point

MQTFFY keywords Low-frequency load Fy at the reference point
MQTFFZ keywords Low-frequency load Fz at the reference point
MQTFMX keywords Low-frequency load Mx at the reference point
MQTFMY keywords Low-frequency load My at the reference point
MQTFMZ keywords Low-frequency load Mz at the reference point

BETA β1 Gives the dominant incidence for the QTF construction
DIFF ∆ω Gives the difference-frequence for the QTF construction
NOTE: For the QTF construction in uni-directional waves only one of the keywords BETA
or DIFF should be given while for the QTF in bi-directional waves both values should be
provided
11.1.10 General options
TERMINAL PNG/EPS/JPG/EMF Output of rao pictures in a specific format

EXCEL Output of excel files
INFFREQ Display the infinite frequency value
These options are applied to every command below those keywords.
11.1.11 Common parameters for 1st order RAOs

FILE f ile_name Give the output file name (default = ’command.rao’)
AMP or PHASE Amplitude/Phase format (by default)
COS or SIN Cos/Sin format (real part)

NOTE: Since HydroStar v7.00, the RAO file contains both amplitude and phase (or COS +
SIN component), so that the keywords AMP and PHASE (or COS and SIN) result in the same
RAO output, only the gnuplot file is different
11.1.12 Interface with other softwares

Ariane v7 files
ARIANE7N keywords To generate input file for Newman approximation

(only diagonal terms of QTF)
ARIANE7C keywords To generate input file for full QTF computation
ARIANE7A keywords To generate input file for O(∆ω) computation

(terms F0 and F1)
ORCAFLEX keywords To generate input file for Orcaflex (imported as ’Wamit’ data)

(Near Field)
(Far Field)
CSF Drift loads by using the control-surface
(Middle Field)

11.2 Examples
11.2.1 One body
The figure 11.1 exemplifies the input file for hsrao.
# Motion at the center of gravity

GSURGE BODY 1 FILE surge.rao
GSWAY BODY 1 FILE sway.rao
GHEAVE BODY 1 FILE heave.rao
GROLL BODY 1 FILE roll.rao
GPITCH BODY 1 FILE pitch.rao
GYAW BODY 1 FILE yaw.rao
# drift loads
DRIFTFX FILE DriftFx.rao PRE
DRIFTFY FILE DriftFy.rao PRE
DRIFTFZ FILE DriftFz.rao PRE
DRIFTMX FILE DriftMx.rao PRE
DRIFTMY FILE DriftMy.rao PRE
DRIFTMZ FILE DriftMz.rao PRE
DRIFTFX FILE DriftFxFF.rao MOM
DRIFTFY FILE DriftFyFF.rao MOM
DRIFTMZ FILE DriftMzFF.rao MOM
DRIFTFX FILE DriftFxMF.rao CSF
DRIFTFY FILE DriftFyMF.rao CSF
DRIFTMZ FILE DriftMzMF.rao CSF
# Added mass and damping
CM FILE AddedMass.dat TERM 11 22 33 44 55
CA FILE Damping.dat TERM 11 22 33 44 55
# Excitation loads
FXF1ST FILE fxf1st.rao
FYF1ST FILE fyf1st.rao
FZF1ST FILE fzf1st.rao
MXF1ST FILE mxf1st.rao
MYF1ST FILE myf1st.rao
MZF1ST FILE mzf1st.rao
Figure 11.1: Example of input file for hsrao
11.2.2 Two bodies

In the specific case of a two-bodies calculation, if the user is interested in the added mass
coeficient applied on structure 1 on its degree of freedom K due to the harmonic movement of
the structure 2 along its degree of freedom L, the command line should read like figure 11.2:
CA BODY 21 FILE Damping-21-LK.dat TERM LK
Figure 11.2: Example of input file for hsrao

11.3 Running hsrao

To run hsrao, the user has only to type “hsrao” followed by the name of input file:
Hstar>proj>hsrao input.rao
HydroStar will create a folder named “rao” in the working directory with the output
files required by the user.
The output files have the following format (see fig 11.3):
• Each line for one wave frequency (or wave period);
• Each column for RAO value at different wave heading;
• Informative lines starting with # including;
• Project name, user name, constants used in computations;
• Number of wave headings and forward speed;
• Co-ordinates of the reference point or computation point;
• The output file can be used by most plotting software.
# Project : LNG CARRIER - Full Loaded case T=12.350m

# User : Rina & Anne
# File : rao1\Mys54.rao
#
# Constants used in computations
# Reference length : 1.0000
# Water density (rho) : 1025.0000
# Gravity acceleration : 9.8100
# Waterdepth : Inf.
# Ref.pt incident wave : ( 0.0000 0.0000)
#
# Section No 54 at X_sect : 134.810
# AMPLITUDE ∗ Coef. : 1.00000E+00
# 7 headings from : 180.00 to 360.00
# Forward speed : 10.8000 m/s
#
# w/beta= 180.000 210.00 240.00 270.00
#——————————————————-
0.100 3.0564E+06 2.1228E+06 2.2245E+05 8.5358E+05
0.150 1.6955E+07 1.2474E+07 3.3255E+06 1.7112E+06
0.200 5.0887E+07 3.8292E+07 1.2110E+07 2.5152E+06
... ... ... ... ...
1.500 7.6762E+07 6.5612E+07 7.2303E+07 6.2483E+07
#——————————————————-
#ENDFILE
Figure 11.3: Example of output file for hsrao

At the end of RAO files’ generation by hsrao, a file named “project_name.gnu” is created.
This file contains the macros to make curves of RAOs by using the software - gnuplot*, that
is provided in the same package as HydroStar.
To plot the curves of RAOs, just type “hsplt” or hsplt project_name.gnu:
Hstar>proj>hsplt
or
Hstar>proj>hsplt rao/project_name.gnu
Then, a series of graphics including the same number of RAOs curves as that of wave
headings in the motion computation will be obtained.
NOTE: The automatic display of the graphics may not work if the user does not define a
project name in the beginning of the job.
* c gnuplot dated 1986-1993, 1998, 1999 is attributed to Thomas William, Kolin Kel-
ley and many others.

11.4 Operation on RAOs

HSope is a module to handle HydroStar RAOs (Addition, Multiplication...). The syntax is the
following :
RAO_IN < raoin_path >

file1.rao
file2.rao
ENDRAO_IN
OPERATION
file4.rao = file2.rao OPERATOR2 file1.rao
file5.rao = file4.rao OPERATOR1
ENDOPERATION
RAO_OUT < raoout_path >

file4.rao
file5.rao
ENDRAO_OUT
The following operators are available :

RAO_ADD : Add another RAO
SCAL_MULT : Multiply by a scalar
RAO_MULT : Multiply by another RAO
OMENC_MULT : Multiply by the encounter circular frequency
PS_PSSB : RAO ps/sb 0-180 → RAO ps 0-360
SB_PSSB : RAO ps/sb 0-180 → RAO sb 0-360
SYM : Symmetrize(/anti-symmetrize) the RAO
SCALE : Scale the RAO
FILTER_WE : Put 0 where ωe > omega
TRUNC_WE : Put the last value if ωe > omega
LINEAR : LINEAR combination (ex rao = LINEAR 0.5 rao1 0.5 rao2)

Chapter 12
Parallel computation
12.1 Message Passing Interface

Most of the HydroStar programs are massively scalable, since in many cases the considered
problem is independent for each frequency. Parallel computing is based in our programs on
Message Passing Interface (MPI), which is a widely used communications protocol. It requires
the installation of the suitable package of MPICH-2 for your architecture. This is done through
the common install of HydroStar.
If we note respectively t(1) and t(NP roc ) the executation time on one processor (for a sequen-
tial computation) and on NP roc processors (for a parallel computation), speedup is expressed
as:
t(1)
S(NP roc ) = (12.1)
t(NP roc )
Figure 12.1 shows speedup of the parallelization for the program hsrdf (diffraction-radiation
computation). As expected, we reach approximately an ideal linear speedup when the number
of frequencies is a multiple of the number of processors (symbols in red on the figure).There is
a slight uncertainty on the time execution on one processor depending on which processor of
the machine the computation has run, this explains the presence of points slightly above the
line defined by S(NP roc ) = NP roc (which is theoretically impossible).

CHAPTER 12. PARALLEL COMPUTATION
25
Parallel / Sequential 20
15
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Number of processors
Figure 12.1: parallization speed-up for the program hsrdf
12.2 Launch of parallel computation

If your work station possesses several cores, it is possible to launch a parallel computation for
different programs of HydroStar. The procedure consists in typing “program_name -n nb_proc
name_file” in HydroStar window, where program_name is the usual command for the desired
program and nb_proc stands for the number of processors allowed to the computation. For
example, the following command line will launch the diffraction/radiation parallel computation
on 6 processors :
Hstar>proj>hsrdf -n 6 input.rdf
Please note that the number of allowed processors should not exceed the number of fre-
quencies specified in the input file input.rdf .
12.3 List of parallelized programs

The following programs of HydroStar (which are the most CPU-time demanding) exist on a
parallel form:
• hsrdf
• hsmod
• hstnk
• hsprs

CHAPTER 12. PARALLEL COMPUTATION
• hswld
• hsdft
• hsamg
• hsqtf
They can be launched in the same way as explained in the previous paragraph.
12.4 Requirements
To be able to run parallel calculation, IntelMPI must be installed (included as an option in
HydroStar installer).

Chapter 13
Paraview output, HSprv module
13.1 Generation of paraview files

HSprv module is able to generate animation in paraview format. The input format is displayed
below:

CHAPTER 13. PARAVIEW OUTPUT, HSPRV MODULE
CUT Cut the free surface with body contour

(only for single body calculation)
NEXT Number of panel on free-surface side
(with CUT option)
XEXT Size of the free-surface / size of the ship, X axis
(with CUT option)
YEXT Size of the free-surface / size of the ship, Y axis
(with CUT option)
XMIN xmin Minimum x value (without CUT option)
XMAX xmax Maximum value (without CUT option)
XSTP xstp X step (without CUT option)
YMIN xmin Minimum y value (without CUT option)

YMAX xmax Maximum y value (without CUT option)
YSTP xstp X step (without CUT option)
TMIN tmin Begining time

TMAX tmax Ending time
TSTP tstp Time step
AIRY Amp Heading Frequency Airy wave, the frequency

has to be a frequency computed by HSrdf
or
JONSWAP Hs Heading TP γ Description of a long crested wave spectrum
MESHFILE mesh.hst Mesh file to animate, by default the calculation mesh
PRSDONE If the pressure calculation has already been done

DIFWAVE Output of the free-surface animation
PRSTANK Output pressure inside the tanks and internal free-surface
SHIP Output the ship motion animation
NB_PROC Number of processors for the pressure calculation
To launch the animation files creation :

Hstar>>hsprv input.prv
Paraview files are created in an "Anim" folder.

CHAPTER 13. PARAVIEW OUTPUT, HSPRV MODULE
13.2 Get the HStar2Paraview button in paraview

A macro to import the latest animation generated is installed with HydroStar. Once Paraview
is launched, the succesive steps to get the corresponding button are the following:
For old versions of Paraview:

1- Tools - Python Shell
2- Browse to ../Hstar4Experts/v7.2/PythonWrap/paraview/Hstar2Paraview.py
3- Add to macro.
From version 4.0 of Paraview:

1- Macros - Add new macro
2- Browse to ../Hstar4Experts/v7.2/PythonWrap/paraview/Hstar2Paraview.py
This only had to be done once; the hstar2paraview button will be ready for the next
times.
Figure 13.1: Paraview Screenshot
–121 Bureau Veritas Research Department

Appendix A
Examples
A.1 Example 1
Considering a floating cylinder with the following geometric properties:
• Radius (R) = 12.5 m

• Height (H)= 3*R = 37.5m
• Water Depth = 5*H = 187.5m
Provide the first order and the second order loads on the body:
1st Step: Go to the work directory
Hstar>>pwd
c:/hydro/study
2nd Step: Create a job
Hstar>>proj cylinder
Hstar>cylinder>
3rd Step: For easy geometry, as a cylinder
it’s possible to generate the mesh using HydroStar (see item 3.2):
Hstar>cylinder>hsmsh -cs2
R,H,ntheta(0->PI/2),nH,nR(fond)=: 12.5 37.5 20 30 10
A–1 Bureau Veritas Research Department

APPENDIX A. EXAMPLES
Output mesh file name : cyls2.dat
To open the file, type “ed file_name”:
Hstar>cylinder>ed cyls2.dat
Then, a notepad window will be opened with the mesh generated (see fig A.1):
Figure A.1:
4rd Step: Read the mesh

Hstar>cylinder>hslec cyls2.dat
===========∗ ∗ ∗∗Hydrostar For Experts V6.00∗ ∗ ∗∗===========

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
HSlec - Reading geometrical data
PROJECT: Cylinder radius x height 12.5 x 37.5

USER: Bureau Veritas
Nb of bodies to be analysed 1
Nb of symmetry of hull geometry 2
Nb of panels on hull 790
Nb segments along waterline 20
Nb panels on the waterplanes 41
Nb panels over the free surface 0
Nb hull panels over the waterline 0
Reference length 1.000000

Gravity acceleration 9.810000
Reference point of incident wave ( 0.000000, 0.000000)
Body 1: reference point x= 0.000000 center of buoyancy x= 0.000000
y= 0.000000 y= 0.000000
z= 0.000000 z=-18.750000
CPU time of operation was 0.62 seconds
5th Step: Check the mesh

Hstar>cylinder>hschk

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
HSchk - Checking the input data
6th Step: Visualize the mesh

Hstar>cylinder>hvisu

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
Hvisu - Mesh illustrations and
Animations of ship motion and ship waves.
ahsuni:
3364 points renumerotes => 3201 points
ahsuni:voir points en double

The window of VISU4D will be opened with the visualization of the mesh (see fig A.2):
Figure A.2:

7th Step: Compute diffraction and radiation
An input file is necessary to perform the diffraction and radiation computation (see fig A.3).
Figure A.3:
Then, the user is able to start the calculation (see fig A.4).

Figure A.4:

8th Step: Compute the body’s motion
For this module another input file is necessary containing the mechanical properties of the
body. As the goal of the analysis described in the beginning of this item 9 is to calculate the
first and second order loads on the body, the properties of mass and inertia considered in the
example input file (see fig A.5) are big enough in order to fix the body.
Figure A.5:
Then, the user is able to compute the body’s motions (see fig A.6):

Figure A.6:

9th Step: Compute the second order loads
The computation of the second order loads is only possible after the computation of the
body’s motions; an input file is only necessary in case the user wants to make use of middle
field formulation. In this case, an input file shall be provided (see fig A.7).
Figure A.7:
In case that a control surface is inputted for the computation by middle field, the user has
the possibility of checking (see fig A.8) and visualising (see fig A.9) the mesh before starting
the calculation.

Figure A.8:
Then a VISU4D window will appear with both the body and the control surface meshes
(see fig A.9).
The second order computation is then performed (see fig A.10).

Figure A.9:
NOTE: The user may choose between checking the control surface mesh before or after the
second order computation.

Figure A.10:
10th Step: Constructing the transfer functions
The user has to define, in an input file, which transfer functions he wants to construct. In
this specific example, the first order and second order loads were required. This way, the input
file displayed in figure A.11 was elaborated
With the input file, the computation can start (see fig A.12).

Figure A.11:
Figure A.12:

HydroStar generates a folder named “\rao” to store the requested files.
HydroStar is also able to plot the RAOs:
Hstar>cylinder>hsplt
or
Hstar>cylinder>hsplt cylinder.gnu
The gnuplot window will appear with a series of graphic containing all the requested
RAOs (see fig A.13).
Figure A.13:
The example presented in figure A.13 has semi-analytical solution available in the
literature, in case the user wants to compare with the numerical results obtained.

A.2 Example 2
Considering a ship in deep water depth, the following transfer functions and coefficients are
required:
1. Amplitude of ship’s motions (surge, sway, heave, roll, pitch and yaw);
2. Added Mass and Radiation Damping Coefficients;
3. First Order Loads;
4. Second Order Loads Fx, Fy and Mz using near field and middle field formulations.
1st Step: Go to the work directory
Hstar>>pwd
c:/hydro/study
2nd Step: Create a job
Hstar>>proj ship
Hstar>ship>
3rd Step: Reading the mesh
For complex geometries like a ship, the user has to generate the mesh using a mesh
generator and then create a file in the format requested by HydroStar (see fig A.14)

Figure A.14:
Hstar>ship>hslec ship.hst
===========****Hydrostar For Experts V6.00****===========

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
HSlec - Reading geometrical data
PROJECT: Ship
USER: Bureau Veritas
Nb of bodies to be analysed 1
Nb of symmetry of hull geometry 1
Nb of panels on hull 2105
Nb segments along waterline 118
Nb panels on the waterplanes 413
Nb panels over the free surface 0
Nb hull panels over the waterline 1653
Reference length 1.000000

Gravity acceleration 9.810000
Reference point of incident wave ( 123.154982, 0.000000)
Body 1: reference point x=123.154982 center of buoyancy x=123.154982
A–17 y= 0.000000 y= 0.000000
Bureau Veritas Research Department
z= -5.562518 z= -5.562518
4th Step: Check the mesh

Hstar>ship>hschk

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
HSchk - Checking the input data

5th Step: Visualize the mesh
Hstar>ship>hvisu

---------------------------(c)BV/DR 1991-2009
Hvisu - Mesh illustrations and
Animations of ship motion and ship waves.
ahsuni:
4492 points renumerotes => 4347 points
ahsuni:voir points en double
The window of VISU4D will be opened with the visualization of the mesh:

Figure A.15:
6th Step: Compute diffraction and radiation
The input data displayed in figure A.16 was prepared.
Computing the diffraction radiation (see fig A.17).

Figure A.16:
7th Step: Compute the body’s motion
The input file displayed in figure A.18 was elaborated.
Then the computation can start (see fig A.19).

Figure A.17:
8th Step: Compute the second order loads
The input file displayed in figure A.20 was elaborated, as the middle field computation
was requested.
Computing the second order loads (see fig A.21).

Figure A.18:
Figure A.19:

Figure A.20:
Figure A.21:
9th Step: Checking and visualising the control surface
As explained in the previous example, the control surface can be checked (see fig A.22)
and visualized (see fig A.23) before or after the second order computation.

Figure A.22:
10th Step: Constructing the transfer functions
The following input file was elaborated according to the requirements in the description in
figure A.24.

Figure A.23:
Then, the computation can start (see fig A.25).

Figure A.24:
11th Step: Plotting the results

(see fig A.26).
Hstar>ship>hsplt

Figure A.25:

Figure A.26:

Appendix B
Index of commands
This appendix provides an index of commands that are used in HydroStar.
• hslec
COORDINATES start line of node definition

ENDCOORDINATES end line of node definition
PANEL start line of panel definition
ENDPANEL end line of panel definition
PROJECT project title (default= project)
USER user’s name (default= anonym)
REFLENGTH reference length (default= 1.0m)
GRAVITY gravity acceleration constant (default= 9.81m/s2)
RHO fluid mass density (default= 1025kg/m3)
NBNODES number of nodes (default= no of lines on the
nodes definition)
NBPANEL number of panels (default= no of lines on the
panels definition)
NBBODY number of bodies (default= 1)
NFHULL number of panels above (default= NBPANEL)

the body’s hull
SYMMETRY number of symmetry (default=0)
NUMPANEL start number and end (default= 1 to NBPANEL)

number of panels
NFSWATER number, start number (default= 0; 0; 0)

and end number over
the interior waterplane
B–1 Bureau Veritas Research Department

APPENDIX B. INDEX OF COMMANDS
NBTANKS no_tnks number of tanks included in the model
SYMMTANK id_tk first_panel last_panel symmetry condition of the tank mesh
NUMTANK id_tk first_panel last_panel first and last panel of the tank mesh
REFPTANK id_tk x_ref y_ref z_ref rho reference point of the tank in the
global reference system
NFREESURFACE number, start number and (default= 0; 0; 0)

end number of panels over
the free surface
ZFSURFACE coordinate of the freesurface (default= 0)
COEFZo ratio of the panel size of the (default=1.5)

mesh and the the size of the
water plane planel.
• hsrdf
FREQUENCY TYPE itype start line to give wave frequencies

frequency_lines
ENDFREQUENCY end line to give wave frequencies
If itype = 0,
frequency_lines = no_freq, freq1 one frequency per line with identification
number
If itype = 1,
frequency_lines = freq1, freq2, freq3... several frequencies at the same line without
identification number
If itype = 2,
WMIN min_freq minimum frequency
frequency_lines = WMAX max_freq maximum frequency
WSTP step_freq Step of wave frequency

HEADING TYPE itype start line to give wave headings

heading_lines
ENDHEADING end line to give wave headings
If itype = 0,
heading_lines = no_head, head1 one heading per line with identification
number
If itype = 1,
heading_lines = head1, head2,head3... several headings at the same line without
identification number
If itype = 2,
HMIN min_freq minimum heading
heading_lines = HMAX max_freq maximum heading
HSTP step_freq step of wave headings
NBFREQUENCY no_freq total number of wave frequencies
NBHEADING no_head total number of wave headings
WATERDEPTH value_depth water depth value or infinite (default = inf)
or inf
REFPOINT_BODY no_body x_ref, y_ref, z_ref reference point of the body (default=CoB)
REFWAVE x_wave, y_wave reference point for incoming waves
(default=CoB)
ELIMIRREG YES or NO option of eliminating irregular frequencies

(default=YES)
• hsmcn
FILENAME file_name extension of file used in hsrdf computations
MASS_BODY no_body, mass mass of the body

GYRADIUS_BODY no_body, R44 , R55 , R66 , R45 , R46 , R56 gyration radius of the body
COGPOINT_BODY no_body, (XG , YG , ZG ) centre of gravity of the
body in the mesh reference
INERTIAL_MATRIX TYPE itype start line of inertial matrix definition

Inertia_lines
ENDINERTIAL_MATRIX end line of inertial matrix definition
If itype = 0: the full inertia matrix shall be given
(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Mjk

ENDFILE end of the input file
The following key words are optional:
REFPOINT no_body, xref , yref , zref reference point of computations

(default=COB)
RHO ρ fluid density
(default=1025kg/m3)
GRAVITY g gravity acceleration
(default=9.81m/s2)
REFWAVE xwav , ywav reference point of incoming waves
(default=0;0)
REFLENGTH ref_length reference length
(default=1.0)
ZEROENCFRQ no_zero_encf number of zero-encounter frequencies

 if no_zero_encf =0: No treatment




LINVISCOUSDAMPING no_body, %B44 linear roll viscous damping, in percentage of

critical damping
ITHDAMPING start line of ITH formulation for roll damping

bk, span, xbk1, xbk2 bilge keels dimensions (if any) according to the figure above
sk, length, height skeg dimensions (if any) according to the figure above
ENDITHDAMPING end line of ITH formulation for roll damping
DAMPING_MATRIX TYPE itype start line of linear damping matrix definition

Damping_lines
ENDDAMPING_MATRIX end line of linear damping matrix definition
 If itype = 0: the full damping matrix shall be given


If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Bjk
If itype = 2: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, %Bjk


QDAMPING_MATRIX TYPE itype start line of quadratic damping matrix definition

Quadratic_damping_lines
ENDQDAMPING_MATRIX end line of quadraticdamping matrix definition
If itype = 0: the full quadratic damping matrix shall be given
(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, BQjk

STIFFNESS_MATRIX TYPE itype start line of stiffness matrix definition

Stiffness_lines
ENDSTIFFNESS_MATRIX end line of stiffness matrix definition
If itype = 0: the full stiffness matrix shall be given
(
If itype = 1: only the non zero values shall be given j, k, Kjk
WAVEAMPLITUDE value_wave_amp wave amplitude only for the calculation

of the quadratic damping purpose
(default =1.0)
ITMAX max_iter maximum number of iterations for the
quadratic damping computation
(default = 1000)
CONert VERGENCE_ERR convergence criteria (default = 0.001)
• hswav
XMIN xmin Minimum x-coordinate of the rectangular area

XMAX xmax Maximum x-coordinate of the rectangular area
DLTX dltx Step value in the x-direction
YMIN ymin Minimum y-coordinate of the rectangular area
YMIN ymax Maximum y-coordinate of the rectangular area
DLTY dlty Step value in the y-direction
RMIN rmin Minimum R-coordinate of the circular area

RMAX rmax Maximum R-coordinate of the circular area
DLTR dltr Step value in the R-direction
TMIN tmin Minimum theta-coordinate of the circular area
TMAX tmin Maximum theta-coordinate of the circular area
DLTT dltt Step value in the theta-direction
• hsprs

ZFSURFACE free surface coordinate (default = 0)
WAVEDECOMPOSITION to obtain the different components of wave diffraction

and radiation
POINTS to start the input of the points coordinates

nb, xp , yp , zp number of the point, coordinates of the point
ENDPTS to end the input of the points coordinates
COEFINC coefficient applied to the incident wave from 0.0 to 1.0

COEFRDF coefficient applied to the wave diffraction and radiation
from 0.0 to 1.0
COEFHDS coefficient applied to the vessel’s motions (if =0.0, only
the absolute wave elevation is computed)
• hsdft
NFORMULE Yes/No By default = Yes

FFORMULE Yes/No By default = Yes
MFORMULE Yes/No By default = Yes
If MFORMULE = Yes, the control surface shall be provided:
one way to give the control surface defining a box:

NBBOITE nb Nb of control surfaces = Nb of bodies
XCSUR ib, xmin, xmax, dltx No control surface and min/max/step of
x-coordinates
YCSURF ib, ymin, ymax, dlty No control surface and min/max/step of
y-coordinates
ZCSURF ib, zmin, zmax, dltz No control surface and min/max/step of
z-coordinates
OPTFOND Yes/No including the bottom of control surface
(by default=Y)
or define the control surface of arbitrary geometry through an external file

with the same format as the hull mesh file:
CSFILE ib, filename Mesh file of ib-th control surface
• hsrao

GSURGE key − words Surge RAO at the reference point

GSWAY key − words Sway RAO at the reference point
GHEAVE key − words Heave RAO at the reference point
GROLL key − words Roll RAO at the reference point
GPITCH key − words Pitch RAO at the reference point
GYAW key − words Yaw RAO at the reference
MSURGE key − words Motion RAO at a given point in X direction

MSWAY key − words Motion RAO at a given point in Y direction
MHEAVE key − words Motion RAO at a given point in Z direction
VSURGE key − words Velocity RAO at a given point in X direction

VSWAY key − words Velocity RAO at a given point in Y direction
VHEAVE key − words Velocity RAO at a given point in Z direction
ASURGE key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in X direction

ASWAY key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in Y direction
AHEAVE key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in Z direction
ACCX key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in X direction including
-g*pitch
ACCY key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in Y direction including
+g*roll
ACCZ key − words Acceleration RAO at a given point in Z direction = AHEAVE
FXF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads Fx at the reference point

FYF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads Fy at the reference point
FZF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads Fz at the reference point
MXF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads Mx at the reference point
MYF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads My at the reference point
MZF1ST key − words FK and diffraction loads Mz at the reference point
CM key − words Added-mass coefficients at the reference point

CA key − words Radiation damping coefficients at the reference point
DRIFTFX key − words Wave drift load Fx at the reference point

DRIFTFY key − words Wave drift load Fy at the reference point
DRIFTFZ key − words Wave drift load Fz at the reference point
DRIFTMX key − words Wave drift load Mx at the reference point
DRIFTMY key − words Wave drift load My at the reference point
DRIFTMZ key − words Wave drift load Mz at the reference point
ARIANERAO key − words To generate RAO.DAT file for ARIANE applications

ARIANEQTF key − words To generate QTF.DAT file for ARIANE applications using
far field formulation only.
ARIANEADM key − words To generate Added_Mass.DAT file for ARIANE applications

RELMX BODY 1 AT x1 , y1 , z1 BODY 2 AT x2 , y2 , z2 keywords longitudinal relative

motions of two vessels
RELMY BODY 1 AT x1 , y1 , z1 BODY 2 AT x2 , y2 , z2 keywords transverse relative
RELMZ BODY 1 AT x1 , y1 , z1 BODY 2 AT x2 , y2 , z2 keywords vertical relative

ARIANE7N key − words Ariane7 file for Newman approximation

ARIANE7C key − words Ariane7 file including full QTF
SECTFX key − words Wave loads Fx at a given section or a wave frequency

SECTFY key − words Wave loads Fy at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTFZ key − words Wave loads Fz at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMX key − words Wave loads Mx at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMY key − words Wave loads My at a given section or a wave frequency
SECTMZ key − words Wave loads Mz at a given section or a wave frequency
PRESSURE key − words Dynamic pressure at a given point or a wave frequency
RELMX key − words Relative motion in X at a point of multi-bodies

RELMY key − words Relative motion in Y at a point of multi-bodies
RELMZ key − words Relative motion in Z at a point of multi-bodies
CONNFZ key − words Vertical connection force at the connection point of multi-
bodies
RWE key − words Relative wave elevation at a given point or frequency

RWEVX key − words Relative velocity Vx at a given point or frequency
RWEVY key − words Relative velocity Vy at a given point or frequency
RWEVZ key − words Relative velocity Vz at a given point or frequency
BODY no_body Give the identify number of body

FILE f ile_name Give the file name of RAOs
AT x, y, z Give the coordinates of point
FREQ no_f req Give the identify number of wave frequency
SECT no_sect Give the identify number of ship section
POINT no_point Given the identify number of points
COEF valuec oef Coefficient multiplying RAOs
TERM n1, n2... Terms of added-mass or damping matrix
TITLE “title00 Title of RAO figure using Gnuplot
AMP Amplitude of RAO
COS Component cos of RAO
SIN Component SIN of RAO
PHASE Phase of RAO
inFREQUENCY RAO given in order of increasing wave frequency
inPERIOD RAO given in order of increasing wave period
inWAVENUMBER RAO given in order of increasing wavenumber ∗ REF L
inWAVELENGTH RAO given in order of increasing wavelength/REF L
OMEGAMIN value Minimum value of wave frequencies
OMEGAMAX value Maximum value of wave frequencies

Appendix C
VISU4D interface
VISU4D was developed by Bureau Veritas and provide the visualization of HydroStar meshing
by typing hvisu on HydroStar window.
The following options are available in VISU4D:
• Changing the mode of visualisation
White panels mode provide the visualisation of the panels in white colour (see fig C.1);
Figure C.1: White panels mode
C–1 Bureau Veritas Research Department

APPENDIX C. VISU4D INTERFACE
Wireframe mode provides the visualisation of only the borders of the panels (see fig C.2);
Figure C.2: Wireframe mode

Normals mode provides the visualisation of the normal orientation by means of two
different colours (see fig C.3);
Figure C.3: Normals mode

Standard view mode provides the visualisation of the mesh through a standard render
mode (see fig C.4).
Figure C.4: Standard view
When using the commands “hvisu -t” for visualising the upper part of the body and/or
also the panels over the water-plane (see fig C.5), or “hvisu -b” for visualising the control
surface (see fig C.6), the new mode of visualisation “écustomized view” is activated.
Through this mode the user can visualise the mesh of the hull like in normals mode and
the upper part or the control surface like in wireframe mode (see fig C.5).

Figure C.5: Ecustomized view with “hvisu -t”
Figure C.6: Ecustomized view with “hvisu -b”

• Selecting the point of view
There are two ways of changing the point of view with VISU4D: using the “point of view
window” (see fig C.7) and selecting the desired angles of visualisation.
Figure C.7: Point of view window
Or by using the arrows in the keyboard: the right / left arrows change the phi angle,
and the up / down arrows change the theta angles.

Also, it’s possible to select directly the planes of visualization, like in the example
displayed in figure C.8.
Figure C.8: Planes selection

• Making a zoom:
To zoom it’s necessary to select the region of the mesh to zoom by drawing a window
using the left button of the mouse (see fig C.9).
Figure C.9: Zoom by drawing a window
The user is also able to unzoom and reproduce the zoom, by clicking on menubar buttons:
– to unzoom;
– to reproduce the zoom.

Bibliography
[1] X.-B. Chen. Hydrodynamics in offshore and naval applications - part i. In 6th International
Conference on Hydrodynamics, Perth, Australia, 2004.
[2] X.B. Chen. Etude des réponses du second ordre d’une structure soumise à une houle
aléatoire. PhD thesis, Univ. Nantes, ENSM., 1988.
[3] X.B. Chen. Approximation on the quadratic transfer function of low-frequency loads. Proc.
7th Intl Conf. Behaviour Off. Structures, BOSS’94, pages 289–302., 1994.
[4] X.B. Chen. Middle-field formulation for the computation of wave-drift loads. Journal of
Engineering Mathematics, 2006.
[5] Orozco J.M., X.B. Chen, and Malenica S. Some aspects of seakeeping of the floating body
with attached pendulum. Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Ocean and Coastal
Resources, 2005.
[6] Malenica, S., Derbanne, Q., Zalar, M., and Chen, X.-B. Wave-current-floating body in-
teractions in water of finite depth. In 13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering
Conference, Hawai, 2003.
[7] Monroy, C., Chen, X-B., and Giorgiutti, Y. First and second order wave-current in-
teractions for floating bodies. In 31st International Conference on Offshore and Artic
Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2012.
[8] Malenica Š., Zalar M., and Chen X.B. Dynamic coupling of seakeeping and sloshing. In
13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Hawai, 2003.
[9] Malenica Š and & Chen X.B. On the irregular frequencies appearing in wave diffraction-
radiation solutions. Intl J. Offshore Polar Engg, pages 2, 110–14., 1998.
[10] Chen X.B. On the side wall efects upon bodies of arbitrary geometry in wave tanks.
Applied Ocean Research, pages 337–345, 1994.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Acknowledgment
Many thanks to the developers of the following open sources projects :
-Gnuplot http://www.gnuplot.info/ (used for data plotting)
-Paraview http://www.paraview.org/ (used for 3D visualization and animation)
-Latex http://www.latex-project.org/ (redaction of this user manual)

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HYDROSTAR FOR EXPERTS

HydroStar For Experts BV (1991-2016) is distributed by Bureau Veritas.

Bureau Veritas France Dr. Xiao-bo CHEN

Bureau Veritas China Haixia Xu

Bureau Veritas Korea Yun-Suk CHUNG

Bureau Veritas USA Maxime Le Poupon

Bureau Veritas Brazil Flávia REZENDE

• Inclusion of side-wall effects in hsrdf (page 5-6).

• Construction of transfer function of relative motions between two bodies in hsrao

• Construction of QTFs according to O(∆ω) approximation in hsrao

• Construction of input files for Ariane v7 in hsrao .

• More efficient compilation. Calculation about 40% faster.

• Automatic control surface generation improved (Multi-body, more parameters)

• Modification in output for Ariane7 (Added mass format changed) in hsrao

• Install (improved) : Restart not needed anymore

• HSmcn (bug fixed) : Recombination of several HStnk calculations fixed

• HSmcn (bug fixed) : NOTANKS option fixed

• HSrao (new) : Wave reference point written in Ariane7 output

• HSrao (new) : Orcaflex output

• HSpec (new) : Long-term extrem associated to a probability in a reference duration

• HSpec (new) : Short-term extrem associated to a probability in a sea-state duration

• HSpec (new) : Spline interpolation of RAOs

• HSpec (new) : Wrapped normal spreading

• HSwav (bug fixed) : Crash with some meshes, fixed

2 Bureau Veritas Research Department

• HSpln (new) : New module to interpolate through HSrdf results

• HSrdf (new) : Iterative solver as an option (Keywords : "SOLMETHOD GMRES")

• HSbln (new) : New module to equilibrate a ship on still water

• HSdft (new) : Side wall effect option

• HSrdf (new) : Wave current interaction option (see 5.4).

• General (improvement) : Better integration of influence coefficient

• HSrdf (new) : Separated Froude-Krylov loads output (see 11)

• HSrao (new) : Excel output (see 11)

• HSope (new) : Module to perform operation on RAOs, (replace raoop.exe tools)

• HStnk (improved) : Performance (speed) of HStnk improved

• General : Minor bugs fixed and additional warning message.

3 Bureau Veritas Research Department

• HSpec (new) : Intermittent wetting option (see StarSpec user manual).

• HStnk (new) : MPI parallelisation

• HSprs (new) : SIDEWALL WIDTH option

• HSprs (new) : Parallelization also with INTANK option

• HSprs (change) : pmd format (for "Homer2" hydro-structure software)

• HSprs/HSrao (change) : Decomposed velocities output

• HSlps (bug fixed)

• Installer : 32bits or 64bits version is automatically chosen and installed.

• HScut (new) : Module to cut a mesh at the desired draft (hscut)

• HSmcn (new) : Pendulum mechanic (see section 6.2.9)

• HSmcn (new) : Option to calculate hydrostatic from waterplane area (HYDSWPLANE,

• HSmod (new) : Generalized mode calculation in finite water-depth

• HStat (new) : Still water internal loads (see section 7.1)

4 Bureau Veritas Research Department

• HSlps (bug fixed) : Launch of HSprs with MPI

• HSfem (deleted) : HSfem development is dropped

• HSamg (bug correction) : Correction of full QTF yaw moment.

• HStnk : Full tank (see section 5.8)

• HSrdf/HStnk : Infinite frequency (INFFREQ keyword, see section 5)

• General (New) : Command "setRLM" to handle license installation and roaming

• General (improved) : Parallel calculation on remote drive

• HStnk (bug correction): Infinite frequency when tank damping is used.

5 Bureau Veritas Research Department

• HSrao(correction) : Ariane v7.1 output (for "convolution" option )

• HSrao(correction) : Output of pressure in internal tanks

• General (correction) : Parallel computation on 32 bits OS (bug introduced in v7.2 )

===========HydroStar For Experts V7.3 ===========