MODUL 4.

PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Modul
PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

4.1. Sub Kompetensi

Kemampuan yang akan dimiliki oleh mahasiswa setelah melakukan praktikum
pada modul ini adalah :
- Mampu menghitung recovery time
- Mampu menghitung heart rate normal dan konsumsi VO2 maks

4.2. Uraian Materi

4.2.1. Pengantar
Praktikum mengenai physiological performance ini adalah melakukan
pengukuran heart rate dari operator. Dengan dilaksanakannya praktikum ini
diharapkan kita dapat mengetahui waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh operator untuk
mencapai kondisi normal setelah melakukan aktivitas setelah beberapa saat.

4.2.2. Tujuan Praktikum

1. Mengetahui recovery time tiap-tiap operator setelah melakukan aktivitas
2. Mengetahui heart rate normal dan konsumsi energi/konsumsi VO2 maks
operator sebelum dan sesudah melakukan aktivitas.

4.2.3. Tinjauan Pustaka

1. Definisi physiological performance dan aplikasinya.
2. Anatomi tubuh dan otot manusia.
3. Konsumsi energi.

4.2.4. Peralatan
1. Timbangan badan
2. Observation sheet
3. Tread mill
4. Pulsemeter
5. Stopwatch

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

6. Ms Excel

4.2.5. Prosedur Pelaksanaan Praktikum

1. Masing-masing kelompok memilih 2 orang operator yang cukup sehat
(baik pria maupun wanita)
2. Mengukur berat badan dan HR tiap operator
3. Setiap opertor menjalankan aktivitas sebagai berikut:
a. Ergocycle
 Pada program 9 operator mengayuh selama 5 menit, istirahat 3
menit lalu mengayuh lagi selama 5 menit dan istirahat 10 menit.
 Pada program 9 operator mengayuh selama 10 menit, istirahat 3
menit lalu mengayuh lagi selama 10 menit dan istirahat 10 menit.
 Pada program 6 opertor mengayuh selama 5 menit, istirahat 10
menit lalu mengayuh lagi selama 10 menit dan istirahat 10 menit.
b. Tread mill
 Berjalan (kec. 7-8 kph) selama 5 menit, istirahat selama 3 menit lalu
berjalan lagi selama 5 menit dan istirahat selama 10 menit.
 Berjalan (kec. 7-8 kph) selama 10 menit, istirahat selama 3 menit
lalu berjalan lagi selama 10 menit dan istirahat selama 10 menit.
 Berlari (kec. 10-11 kph) selama 5 menit, istirahat selama 10 menit
lalu berlari lagi selama 10 menit dan istirahat selama 10 menit.
4. Mengukur HR operator tiap menit pada detik ke-51 sampai dengan detik
ke-60 baik pada saat operasi maupun istirahat.
5. Membuat rekap data berdasarkan variabilitas jenis kelamin, berat badan,
working time dan recovery time.
6. Membuat grafik (dari tiap rekap data) yang menunjukan hubungan HR
terhadap waktu, baik waktu operasi maupun waktu istirahat untuk masing-
masing treatment.
7. Menghitung recovery time dan waktu istirahat yang dibutuhkan
berdasarkan jenis kelaminnya.
8. Menghitung kebutuhan konsumsi energi oleh setiap operator sesuai dengan
jenis kelaminnya.

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

9. Membuat grafik konsumsi energi terhadap heart rate normal.

10. Membuat grafik hubungan antara VO2 max dengan HR normal.
11. Menganalisa data hasil praktikum.
12. Membuat kesimpulan dan saran.

4.3. TUGAS LAPORAN RESMI

1. Mengumpulkan data hasil percobaan, merekap data dan menghitung rata-
ratanya berdasarkan variabilitas. (Tabel Terlampir)
2. Mengumpulkan data hasil percobaan, merekap data dan menghitung rata-
ratanya berdasarkan variabilitas berat badan dan jenis kelamin. (41-50kg;
51-60kg; di atas 60kg) (Tabel Terlampir)
3. Membuat grafik physiological performance berdasarkan variabilitas jenis
kelamin.
Contoh:

Grafik Operasi 5 Menit Pertama

140,00

130,00
HR (heart rate)

120,00

110,00

100,00

90,00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Waktu (menit)

Pria Wanita

4. Membuat grafik physiological performance berdasarkan variabilitas berat

badan.
Contoh:

Grafik Operasi 5 Menit Pertama Wanita

Ergocycle Program 9 level 1

150,00
HR (Heart rate)

140,00
130,00
120,00
110,00
100,00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Waktu (menit)

41-50 51-60 di atas 60

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5. Membuat grafik HR terhadap waktu per operator (masing-masing

kelompok) dan Rumus Linearnya (menggunakan software SPSS)
Contoh:

10 4,00  Dot/Lines show Means

Linear Regression

10 0,00
HR


96 ,0 0 

HR = 99,74 + -0,96 * W AKTU
R-Square = 0,13


92 ,0 0
1,00 2,00 3,00 4,00 5,00

WAKTU

Gambar Grafik HR terhadap waktu pada operasi 5 menit pertama (berjalan)

Y = -0,96X + 99,74

6. Recovery Time (lama waktu istirahat)

Recovery time bisa didapat dengan 2 cara, yaitu:
a. Apabila data pertama sama dengan HR normal operator maka lama
waktu istirahat yang digunakan adalah data pertama
b. Interpolasi dengan mencari penurunan terpanjang (selisih paling
banyak)
Contoh:
Nama BB HR HR Istirahat
(kg) 1 2 3 4 5 6 …
Dika 53 90 160 165 165 160 155 150
Interpolasi
x  4 90  160

6  4 150  160
x  4  70

2  10
 10 x  40  140
 180
x
 10
x  18
detik ke =18.10 =180

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7. Membuat rekap data Recovery Time.

Tabel rekapan data:
Nama BB (kg) HR Normal Recovery Time
(detik ke - )

8. Menghitung konsumsi VO2 max menggunakan interpolasi dan tabel astrand.

(Tabel Astrand terlampir)
9. Membuat rekap data konsumsi VO2 max.
Tabel rekapan data:
 Pria
Nama BB (kg) HR Normal Konsumsi VO2 max

 Wanita
Nama BB (kg) HR Normal Konsumsi VO2 max

 Berat Badan
Interval HR Konsumsi VO2
Nama BB (kg)
BB Normal max

41-50 kg

51-60 kg

≥ 60 kg

10. Membuat grafik VO2 max berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan berat badan.
Contoh:

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

 Jenis kelamin

Grafik VO2 Max terhadap HR Normal

17,00
15,00

VO2 Max
13,00
11,00
9,00
7,00
5,00
80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120
HR Normal

Pria Wanita

 Berat Badan

Grafik VO2 Max terhadap HR Normal Pria

16,00

14,00
VO2 Max

12,00

10,00

8,00
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96
HR Normal

41-50 51-60 di atas 60

11. Perhitungan Waktu Istirahat

 Setelah melakukan aktivitas lari selama 5 menit dengan treadmill, maka
dihitung pengeluaran energi yang digunakan pada waktu aktivitas tersebut
dengan menggunakan persamaan Astuti (1985) sebagai berikut :
Y = 1,804 – 0,0229 X + 4,717.10-4 X2

dimana : Y = energi (kilokalori per menit)

X = kecepatan denyut jantung / heart rate (denyut per menit)

 Perhitungan dilakukan dua kali, yaitu dengan :

 X1 = HR Normal, akan diperoleh Y1 = energi pada saat istirahat
 X2 = HR saat Aktivitas tertinggi (pada detik ke-10 setelah aktivitas),
akan diperoleh Y2 = energi pada saat aktivitas

 Selanjutnya untuk menghitung konsumsi energi saat berlari pada treadmill,

dapat ditulis dengan persamaan berikut :
KE = Et – Ei

Dengan : KE = konsumsi energi (kilokalori per menit)

Et = Y2 = pengeluran energi pada saat waktu kerja tertentu (kilokalori
per menit)
Ei = Y1 = pengeluaran energi pada saat istirahat (kilokalori per
menit)

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 Konsumsi energi pada waktu berlari di treadmill merupakan selisih antara

pengeluaran energi pada waktu kerja tersebut dengan pengeluaran energi
saat istirahat.

 Kemudian hasil perhitungan direkap dalam tabel sebagai berikut :

HR Et Ei KE
operator
Aktivitas Normal (kcal/min) (kcal/min) (kcal/min)
Bayu
Firman
Johan

 Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan mengenai waktu istirahat agar sejalan

dengan beban kerja. Berikut ini persamaan matematis (Murrel) yang
digunakan :
T( WS)
R
W  1,5

Dengan : R = waktu istirahat yang dibutuhkan (menit)

T = total waktu kerja ( = 5 menit )
W = KE = konsumsi energi rata-rata untuk bekerja (kilokalori per
menit)
S = pengeluaran energi rata2 yang direkomendasikan (gunakan 4
kcal/min untuk wanita atau 5 kcal/min untuk pria)
 Waktu istirahat juga dihitung untuk masing-masing operator.

12. Membuat grafik konsumsi energi terhadap heart rate berdasarkan variabilitas
yang ditentukan (jenis kelamin, berat badan).

4.4. Referensi
a) Nurmianto, Eko ( 1996 ), Ergonomi, Konsep Dasar dan Aplikasinya, PT
Guna Widya Jakarta
b) Wignjosoebroto, Sritomo ( 1996 ), Ergonomi, Studi Gerak dan Waktu, PT
Guna Widya Jakarta
c) E. Granjean, 1982. Fittng The Task To The Man : An Ergonomics
Approach

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4.5. Latihan Soal

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4.6. Lembar Kerja

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4.7. Lampiran
Lampiran Tabel Rekap data hasil percobaan berdasarkan variabilitas jenis kelamin

Istirahat 3 menit
Operasi 5 menit pertama
pertama

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Operasi 5 menit kedua Istirahat 10 menit kedua

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Istirahat 3 menit
Operasi 10 menit ketiga
ketiga

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

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Operasi 10 menit keempat Istirahat 10 menit keempat

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Operasi 5 menit kelima Istirahat 10 menit kelima

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Operasi 10 menit keenam Istirahat 10 menit keenam

Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

(kg) Normal 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Lampiran Tabel Rekap data hasil percobaan berdasarkan variabilitas berat badan dan jenis kelamin

Operasi 5 menit pertama Istirahat 3 menit pertama

Interval Jenis HR Operasi Istirahat

Nama BB (kg)
BB Kelamin Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

41-50 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas 60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Operasi 5 menit kedua Istirahat 10 menit kedua

Interval Jenis Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

BB Kelamin (kg) Normal 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
41-50 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas Pria
60
Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

Istirahat 3 menit
Operasi 10 menit ketiga
ketiga

Interval Jenis Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

BB Kelamin (kg) Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
41-50 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas Pria
60
Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

Operasi 10 menit keempat Istirahat 10 menit keempat

Interval Jenis Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

BB Kelamin (kg) Normal 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
41-50 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas Pria
60
Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Operasi 5 menit kelima Istirahat 10 menit kelima

Interval Jenis Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

BB Kelamin (kg) Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas Pria
60
Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

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 MODUL 4. PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

Operasi 10 menit keenam Istirahat 10 menit keenam

Interval Jenis Nama BB HR Operasi Istirahat

BB Kelamin (kg) Normal 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
51-60 Pria

Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata
di atas Pria
60
Rata-rata
Wanita

Rata-rata

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Maximum Oxygen Uptake (Max VO2) Estimates For The Astrand-Rhyming Test in Liters Per
Minute (L/mm)

MEN WOMAN
HR 300 600 900 1200 1500 300 450 600 750 900
< 120 2.3 4.9 2.7 5.1

120 2.2 3.4 4.8 2.6 3.4 4.1 4.8 5.1

121 2.2 3.4 4.7 2.5 3.3 4 4.8 5

122 2.2 3.4 4.6 2.5 3.2 3.9 4.7 5

123 2.1 3.4 4.6 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.6 5

124 2.1 3.3 4.5 6 2.4 3.1 3.8 4.5 5

125 2 3.2 4.4 5.9 2.3 3 3.7 4.4 4.9

126 2 3.2 4.4 5.8 2.3 3 3.6 4.3 4.9

127 2 3.1 4.3 5.7 2.2 2.9 3.5 4.2 4.9

128 2 3.1 4.2 5.6 2.2 2.8 3.5 4.2 4.8

129 1.9 3 4.2 5.6 2.2 2.8 3.4 4.1 4.8

130 1.9 3 4.1 5.5 2.1 2.7 3.4 4 4.7

131 1.9 2.9 4 5.4 2.1 2.7 3.4 4 4.6

132 1.8 2.9 4 5.3 2 2.7 3.3 3.9 4.5

133 1.8 2.8 3.9 5.3 2 2.6 3.2 3.8 4.4

134 1.8 2.8 3.9 5.2 2 2.6 3.2 3.8 4.4

135 1.7 2.8 3.8 5.1 2 2.6 3.1 3.7 4.3

136 1.7 2.7 3.8 5 1.9 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.2

137 1.7 2.7 3.7 5 1.9 2.5 3 3.6 4.2

138 1.6 2.7 3.7 4.9 1.8 2.4 3 3.5 4.1

139 1.6 2.6 3.6 4.8 1.8 2.4 2.9 3.5 4

140 1.6 2.6 3.6 4.8 6 1.8 2.4 2.8 3.4 4

141 2.6 3.5 4.7 5.9 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.4 3.9

142 2.5 3.5 4.6 5.8 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.9

143 2.5 3.4 4.6 5.7 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.3 3.8

144 2.5 3.4 4.5 5.7 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.8

145 2.4 3.4 4.5 5.6 1.6 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.7

146 2.4 3.3 4.4 5.6 1.6 2.2 2.6 3.2 3.7

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147 2.4 3.3 4.4 5.5 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6

148 2.4 3.2 4.3 5.4 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6

149 2.3 3.2 4.3 5.4 2.1 2.6 3 3.5

150 2.3 3.2 4.2 5.3 2 2.5 3 3.5

151 2.3 3.1 4.2 5.2 2 2.5 3 3.4

152 2.3 3.1 4.1 5.2 2 2.5 2.9 3.4

153 2.2 3 4.1 5.1 2 2.4 2.9 3.3

154 2.2 3 4 5.1 2 2.4 2.8 3.3

155 2.2 3 4 5 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.2

156 2.2 2.9 4 5 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.2

157 2.1 2.9 3.9 4.9 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.2

158 2.1 2.9 3.9 4.9 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.1

159 2.1 2.8 3.8 4.8 1.8 2.2 2.7 3.1

160 2.1 2.8 3.8 4.8 1.8 2.2 2.6 3

161 2 2.8 3.7 4.7 1.8 2.2 2.6 3

162 2 2.8 3.7 4.6 1.8 2.2 2.6 3

163 2 2.8 3.7 4.6 1.7 2.2 2.6 2.9

164 2 2.7 3.6 4.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9

165 2 2.7 3.6 4.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9

166 1.9 2.7 3.6 4.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.8

167 1.9 2.6 3.5 4.4 1.6 2.1 2.4 2.8

168 1.9 2.6 3.5 4.4 1.6 2 2.4 2.8

169 1.9 2.6 3.5 4.4

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