"Año del Diálogo y Reconciliación Nacional"

Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola

Department of Civil Engineering

SLOPE STABILIZATION WITH GEOTEXTILE IN “COSTA VERDE” LIMA

COURSE: WRITING FOR ENGINEERING

TEACHER: TELLO FLORES, GIANINA NELLA

STUDENTS:

● Meza Pichardo, Diana Yakelin 1421137

Lima-Perú
2018-01
Contenido

ABSTRACT 3

INTRODUCTION 4

METHODOLOGY 4

RESULTS 5

CONCLUSION 6

REFERENCES 6

APPENDICES 6
 ABSTRACT

In this study we examine why the use of geotextile should be implemented to stabilize
slopes."Costa Verde" slopes are danger to car drivers and pedestrian due to unstable condition.
This paper presents a new methodology to use geotextile for slopes stabilization .In this
investigation soil samples were prepared for analize their mechanic properties following ASTM
standard norms to found unstable condition also the design and calculation of the stabilizing
material was based on ASTM -AASTHO standard norms.Considerable insight has been gained
concerning unstable condition in "Costa verde " slopes due to the security factor also the
implementation of geotextile in enginering work.The use of geotextile can be applied on unstable
slopes where environmentally friendly solutions are sought .

INTRODUCTION

The presence of unstable slopes has been a frequent problem in the operation of the roads due to
the danger that they represent for the pedestrian and cars drivers. This is the reason why much
research in recent years has focused on improving that situation the slopes are different origin
natural or artificial .The slopes formed by engineering handiwork need more attention because
they are an important part of the highway. In the city of Lima Peru unstable slopes can be
witnessed in “Costa Verde” ways, the different studies demonstrate that they are unstable and to
solve this phenomenon have been implemented some material and Stabilization techniques .
However, the different solution approach to implemented not generate improve of the unstable
condition also they aren’t appropriate due to the "Costa Verde” way is a tourist attractions area
and that is necessary execute an economic and ecological solution such as geotextile.

Since many years, engineers and researchers have studied the causes of slope instability and
appropriate methods to solve this problem. For example, Cañari (2002) studied zoning in risks
terms, series of stability analysis using limit equilibrium methods; to obtain the resistance
parameters of the soils with which he demonstrates the instability. Diaz (2008) analyzed the slope
stability and proposed the implementation of double twisted hexagonal metal mesh on the slope
as well as an array of earth armed with a static screen for the stabilization of the green coast slope.
However, there is still a need for a stabilization alternative that, apart from solving the problem,
provides an added value in the case of a tourist area in case of Green Coast highways.

The purpose of this study is to implement the use of geotextiles as a method of stabilization slopes
because this material is economic and environmentally friendly.
 METHODOLOGY

The current investigation involved the sampling and analysing of the slope stability in "Costa
Verde " road . The purpose of the Word was study an ecological and economic material such
as geotextile to neutralize instability problem. In this work , The mechanics properties and soil
clacification were conducted in laboratory following ASTM standard norms also the slide
program was used to calculate the instability condition. After defining the condition of stability
we calculated ideal design of stabilizing material, this disign was obtained from ASTM norm
and design manual " Geosynthetics in Geotechnical Engineering" realized for Koerner (1990).

The total station was used with the intention of obtaining topographic survey of the slopes. Due
to the difficult accessibility of the area, the soil samples were extracted from foot of the slope.
A total of 17 samples of the heavy material were taken to do laboratory test like as ; granulometric
analysis (NPT 339,129-ASTM D 422), plasticity indexes (ASTM D4 318), specific weight tests
(ASTMD D854) , The triaxial machine was used To obtain the resistor parameters such as
Internal friction angle (∅ ), Cohesion (C) , The slide program was used to determine the stability
condition ,The advantage of this method was to obtain an optimum result. After defining the
level of instability we proced to design a estabilización method with geotextile.

The necessary requirements of geotextile was designed Using the method of Koerner (1998),”
Geosynthetics in Civil and Environmental Engineering”, AASTHO and ASTMD norms.In
According to Holtz( 1997),” Geosynthetic Engineering”,( P. 36 ) and our laboratory test The
material suitable for this area was the 73 mesh woven geotextile for which we calculated the
fundamental properties a such as resistance to stress, stitching resistance, punching resistance,
tear strength.

The soil sample was selected slowly and carefully to determine the slopes condition for the
optimal results as well as the tests were carried out following norms with international standard.

Future work should have enough knowledge of the handling of soil sample, laboratory
materials, design and calculation of geotextile properties to achieve goals with the
Project.

RESULTS

The main purpose of this work was to analyze the stability condition in "costa verde "slopes in
order to implement an new method of solution using an ecological material such as geotextile.
After making many laboratory tests where the resistance parameters were obtained , the use of
slide program to calculate the safety factor . It was observed that slopes condition is critical . It
is evident that these results are represents a danger for passenger and car drivers.
Table 1 illustrates the soil sample properties such as granulometry , limits of consistency (LL,
LP, IP) this properties we can obtain the classification by SUCS. This data shows the slope is
composed of soil GP (poorly graded gravel and silty gravel) generally.This characteristics
weren´t appropriate to consider safe slopes according the Peruvian technical standard (NTP).

Table 1 : Results of soil properties and classification.

Soil simple LL LP IP SUCS

1-5 m NP 0 GP poorly graded gravel
5-10 m 22 19 3 GP-GM
10-15m NP 0 0 GP poorly graded gravel
15-20m 20 16 4 GP poorly graded gravel

Another soil characteristics obtained in this analize were resistor parameters such as Internal
friction angle (∅ )=40° , Cohesion C=0.80 kg/cm2 (78.48MPA) by triaxial testing in order to
find the security factor (FS).

Table 2 shows the difference between the security factor obtained in the study slope and
minimum security factor should have according to Peruvian technical norm ( NTP).

Table 2 : comparison the security factor.

security factor(FS )talud Mínimum security factor(FS ) NTP

𝐹𝑆 (𝑒𝑠𝑡á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜) = 0.9979 𝐹𝑆 (𝑒𝑠𝑡á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜) = 1.5
𝐹𝑆 (𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑜) = 0.8806 𝐹𝑆 (𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑜) = 1.25

As can be seen, The safety factor is less than peruvian standar norm (NTP), therefore it
confirms the high instability of the studied slope.The results show the necessity of implement
solution method.Following ASTM standards norms,we realize the design that will be used in
the stabilization material. Table 3. Illustrates the necessary requirements that a geotextile must
have to stabilize the studied slope.

Table 3: Geotextile requirements to slope estabilización

 resistance to stress Elongation stitching resistance punching tear strength
ASTMD 4632 %ASTMD 4632 ASTMD 4632 resistance ASTMD 4533
(N) (N) ASTMD 4833 (N)
(N)

700 N/A 630 250 250

The different laboratory tests shows adverse results which it is identical with Cañari (2002) who
determined critical characteristics in this sections of "costa verde " slope, however this state
presents a greater urgency of solution due to the greater traffic in the zone. In case of design of
stabilizing material is used the equations or abacus of AASTHO and ASTM.It should be,
however, be noted this methods is for the soil of United States and is not strictly designed for
Peruvian soil and this could cause impressions in the design and calculations as well as in its
behavior .Genrally the results obtained suggest that the “costa verde” unstable y represent a
necesity to implement method of solution whit geotextile.

CONCLUSION

The current investigation involved the use of geotextile for slope stabilization.Our results
provide compelling evidence that the “costa verde” slope is unstable due to the security
factor is less tan 1 required for Peruvian technical standard (NTP).

In this study we evaluated the slope stability condition using slide program also we disign the
adequate properties for geotextile. The finality of geotextile is avoid falling rocks , improve the
level of service , decrease danger for car driver and pedestrian in stretch of the way. Our
unstability condition is similar to obtained for Cañari (2002) This result could eventually lead
to has a bad inpact in the road security and funcionality.

This finding is promising and should be explored due to the geotextile reforce has economic,
ecological advantage and the colocation in very pronounced slopes is easier than other material
such as concrete . Futher work should to know design geotextile, their properties and aplications
to implement this material.

REFERENCES

1. Díaz, J (2008). Estabilización de taludes de la costa verde distrito de Magdalena.

(Tesis of grade). Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú.
 2. Cañari, M (2002) Análisis de la estabilidad de taludes de la costa verde. (Tesis of grade).
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú.
3. Koerner (1998), Geosynthetics in Civil and Environmental Engineering: edited by
Guang-xin Li, Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu.
4. Holtz, Robert (junio 1997), Geosynthetic Engineering., Pags. 36 – 38
Koerner (1990). Geosynthetics in Geotechnical Engineering

APPENDICES

Appendix 01: Mix design material, equipment, laboratory test.