…The Leg …

Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

• Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint

• Medial Surface of • Inversion of foot at subtalar
Upper 2/3 of Lateral surface of tibia
Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform bone. Deep Peroneal Nerve joints
and Interosseous membrane
• Base of 1st metatarsal. • Holds up Medial longitudinal
arch of the foot.

Extensor Upper 3/4 of Anterior surface of Extensor expansion of • Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Digitorium Longus fibula Lateral four toes. • Extension of lateral 4 toes
• Dorsiflexion of foot on ankle
joint
Extensor Hallucis Middle 2/4 of Anterior surface of Base of terminal phalanyx
Deep Peroneal Nerve • Inversion of the foot at subtalar
Longus fibula of big toe.
joints
• Extension of the big toe
• Dorsiflexion of foot on ankle
Lower 1/4 of Anterior surface of Base of 5th metatarsal joint
Peroneus Tertius Deep Peroneal Nerve
fibula bone. • Eversion of the foot at subtalar
joints
• Plantar flexion of foot
• Lateral surface of base • Eversion of foot at subtalar and
Superficial Peroneal
Peroneus Longus Upper 2/3 Lateral surface of fibula of 1st metatarsal bone. transverse joints
Nerve
• Medial cuneiform bone. • Support longitudinal arch of foot
and transverse arch of foot.
• Plantar flexion of foot
Base of 5th metatarsal Superficial Peroneal • Eversion of foot at subtalar and
Peroneus Brevis Lower 2/3 Lateral surface of fibula
bone. Nerve transverse joints
• Support longitudinal arch of foot
M
Popliteal surface of femur • Flexion of knee when acting from
Head
Middle of posteriosurface below
Gastrocnemius Tibial Nerve
L Above/Behind Lateral
of calcaneus. • Plantar flexion when acting from
Head epicondyle of femur above.

Posterior surface of • Flexion of knee

Plantaris Lateral supracondylar ridge Tibial Nerve
calcaneus • Plantar flexion of foot
• Upper 2/3 posterior surface of
fibula Tendon to posterior
Soleus Tibial Nerve Plantar flexion of foot
• Soleal line on Medial border or surface of calcaneus.
tibia
• All tarsal bones except • Plantar flexion.
Posterior surface of talus • Inversion of the foot.
Tibialis Posterior Tibial Nerve
Fibula/Tibia/Interosseous membrane • Base of 2,3,4 • Supports the medial longitudinal
metatarsals. arch of the foot.
• Flexor of all the joints of the great
toe.
Flexor Hallucis Lower 2/3 of posterior surface of Base of distal phalanx of • Plantar flexion and inversion of
Tibial Nerve
Longus fibula big toe the foot.
• Maintains the medial longitudinal
arch in the foot.
• Plantar flexion of foot.
Plantar surface of the base • Supports medial and longitudinal
Flexor Digitorium Posterior surface of tibia, below the
of terminal phalynx of Tibial Nerve arches of the foot.
Longus soleal line, medial to vertical ridge
each toe. • Flexion of the distal phalanges of
the lateral 4 toes.
Inside the knee joint: • Weak flexor of the leg.
• Outer margin of lateral meniscus • Unlock knee by lateral rotation of
Posterior surface of tibia
Popliteus of knee joint. Tibial Nerve femur slightly at the beginning of
above the soleal line
• Lateral surface of lateral condyle flexion.
of femur .
 …The Thigh…

Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

• Flex+Abduct+Lateral rotate the

Upper part of medial hip joint
Sartorius Lower part of anterior superior iliac spine Femoral Nerve
surface of tibia • Flex+Medial rotate knee joint

Transverse processes, bodies, and Lesser trochanter of • Flex Lumbur vertebrae laterally
Psoas Major L1, L2, L3 and forwards (Psoas Major)
intervertebral discs of all lumbar vertebrae. femur
• Flex thigh upon pelvis
Lesser trochanter of • Flex trunk upon hip joint if L.L is
Iliacus Iliac fossa Femoral Nerve fixed
femur

Upper ½ anterior inferior

Straight
Rectus Femoris iliac spine Femoral Nerve
Reflected Groove above acetabulum
• Lower ½ of intertrochanteric line Tendon to Base of
Vastus Medialis • Medial lip of linea aspera Femoral Nerve • Flexion of hip joint(Rectus
patella
• Spiral line Femoris)
then through
• The only extensors of the
Vastus Upper ¾ of anterior and lateral surfaces of Legamentum patellae
Femoral Nerve knee
Intermedius the shaft of femur. then into Tibial
tuberosity
Upper part of intertrochanteric line
Lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity
Vastus Lateralis Femoral Nerve
Root of greater trochanter
Lateral lip of linea aspera
Pulls synovial membrane
Upper part of synovial
Anterior surface of lower part of shaft of upward during extension of the
Articularis Genu membrane of knee Femoral Nerve
femur. knee joint.
joint.

Upper part of medial • Flexor of the leg at the knee

Gracilis Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus Obturator Nerve
surface of tibia • Weak adductor of the thigh

Pectineus Superior ramus of pubis Pectineal line Femoral Nerve Adduction+Flexion of the thigh

Adductor Longus Front of body of pubis Linea aspera of femur Obturator Nerve
Adduct+lateral rotate the thigh
• Front of body of pubis Upper part of linea
Adductor Brevis Obturator Nerve
• Upper part of inferior pubic ramus aspera
• Gluteal tuberosity
• Inferior pubic ramus • Linea Aspera
Pubic Obturator Nerve Adduct+lateral rotate the thigh
• ramus of ischium • Upper part of medial
Adductor Magnus supracondylar line

Ischial Inferio-lateral ischial tuberosity Adductor tubercle Sciatic Nerve Extension of the hip

Medial Surface of tibia

Semitendinosus Upper medial ischial tuberosity behind the insertion of Tibial Nerve
G and S. • Flexion of leg on knee
Groove on the back of • Lateral rotators of leg on
Semimembrinosus Upper lateral ischial tuberosity Tibial Nerve
medial condyle of tibia knee
L.H. Upper M ischial tuberosity L.H. Tibial Nerve • Weak extensors of the hip
Biceps Femoris • Lateral supracondylar line Apex of head of fibula Common
S.H. S.H.
• Lateral lip of linea aspera Peroneal Nerve
 …The Gluteal Region…

Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

• Outer surface of ilium • Main extensor of hip joint

behind posterior gluteal • Posterior border of • Lateral rotator of thigh
Gluteus line iliotibial tract Inferior Gluteal when extended
Maximus • Back of sacrum and coccyx • Gluteal tuberosity Nerve • Maintain knee joint in
• Back of sacrotuberous of femur extension
ligament
Outer Surface of ilium
Lateral surface of the Superior Gluteal
Gluteus Medius between the anterior and
greater trochanter Nerve • Main abductors of the thigh
posterior gluteal lines
• Medial rotators of the thigh
Outer Surface of ilium Anterior surface of
Gluteus Superior Gluteal
between the anterior and the greater
Minimus Nerve
inferior gluteal lines trochanter
Gamellus Upper margin of lesser sciatic Nerve to Obturator
Superior notch Tendon of Obturator Internus
Gamellus Lower margin of lesser sciatic Internus Nerve to
Inferior notch Quadratus Femoris
• Pelvic inner surface of
obturator membrane
Obturator • Margins of obturator Medial surface of Nerve to Obturator
Internus foramen greater trochanter Internus
• Wide area above and Lateral Rotators of the
behind obturator foramen thigh
• Outer margin of obturator
Obturator foramen Floor of trochanteric Obturator Nerve
Externus • Outer surface of obturator fossa of femur (Posterior Division)
membrane
Pelvic anterior surface of Upper border of
Pirifomis S1, S2
middle 3 pieces of sacrum greater trochanter
Quadratus Lateral margin of ischial Quadrate tubercle of Nerve to
Femoris tuberosity femur Quadratus Femoris
• Extension of knee
• Stabilize the pelvis on the
Anterior outer lip of iliac crest
Tensor Fascia Superior Gluteal thigh
of hip bone behind the Iliotibial tract
Lata Nerve • Abduct+Medial rotate thigh
anterior superior iliac spine
at the hip