Health is a dynamic condition resulting from a body’s constant adjustment and adaptation in
response to stresses. According to World Health Organization (2018), Health is a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Human body has various functions, and the most basic functions were measured through vital
signs. Vital signs were measurements of the body’s most basic functions. These were very useful
in detecting and monitoring medical problems. There are five main types of vital signs which are
temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. This can be measured in a medical
setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere. (Importance of vital signs, 2012)
Pulse rate was defined as the measurement of the heart rate, or the number of times the heart
beats per minute. Its rate was usually measured either at the wrist or ankle (MacGill, 2017). The
average pulse is 70-76 beats per minute in a normal person. It can maybe be influenced by activity,
Body temperature is the degree of heat maintained by the body or it is the balance between
heat produced in the tissues and heat lost to the environment (Elshamy, 2018). It is recorded either
by degrees centigrade or degrees Fahrenheit. The average temperature for human beings ranges
Various Technologies were developed to help humanity sensor their vital stats. Some
examples are: Thermometry, Stethoscopes, Blood Pressure Devices, Combo Kits (Stethoscope +
BP), Pulse Oximetry, ECG, and Penlights that are recently available in market, that helps
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The study entitled, Thermopulse Meter Human Body Temperature and Pulse Rate Monitoring
Smartwatch Using Android Application and SMS notifications by Melbourne Y. Talibutab and
Laira O. Sosa (2017) used Arduino based smartwatch for measuring pulse rate of patients in
hospital especially for those who have heart disease. It also measures and monitor patient’s
temperatures. The main objective of the study is to develop a wearable health device that can
monitor both pulse rate and temperature to prevent health related incidents.
Another study conducted by Arora, Rawat, Singh, et.al. (2018) entitled Heartbeat rate
monitoring system by pulse technique using HB sensor, made a prototype of heart beat
monitoring device, through the use of Light Dependent Resistance (LDR) and Light Emitting
Diode (LED) It senses the heartbeat of a person and converts it in the form of electrical signals
and pulses. the heart pulse displayed are based on the signal transmitted and received by the
sensor. The researcher concluded that the proposed model is much more precise, straightforward
and cheaper than other heartbeat rate measuring systems. This work has tried to make an easy
The same technology was also used by Shilpa and Arulananth in their study Fingertip based
heart beat monitoring system using embedded systems which states that as the heart pumps blood,
the bloods inside the artery on the fingertip are fluctuating. then the fluctuation will be felt by the
sensing mechanism on the fingertip, with the use of serial port communication the data are sent
to Arduino and the monitoring and counting will be done by the processing software.
A study conducted by Yu, Wang and Zhang (2009) aims to test the effectivity of wireless
device in monitoring and alarm system in hospital in his study Body Temperature Monitor and
Alarm System Used in Hospital Based on 1-Wire and Wireless Communication Technology,
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compared 1 wired and wireless communication in detecting a patient’s body temperature after
the connection of various sensors, SCM AT89C52 processed the measurement signals, drives
field display and alarmed equipment work, then a chip received the information and completes
the transition and can be seen from a distance. The experiments show that system wireless
communication is better.
The rescue bot was develop using a remotely operative design, this device can also be used
in search and recue type of environment, which can be accurate manually controlled.
Robotics was defined as the industry related to the engineering, construction and operation
of robots. Robotics is a relatively young field. One of the first demonstrations of Robotics as
we know it occurred in 1898 when Nikola Tesla built a remote controlled boat and demonstrated
One application of robotics is, it has been used for rescue, mainly in disaster. In the study
conducted by Kleiner et. al. (2016) it states that Rescue robots have been used in at least 28
disasters in six countries since the first deployment to the 9/11 World Trade Center collapse. All
types of robots have been used (land, sea, and aerial) and for all phases of a disaster (prevention,
On the study conducted by Hazelwood and Sbenaty in 2014 entitled Designing, Building, and
Testing an Autonomous Search and Rescue Robot they aimed to create an inexpensive rescue robot
for such causes like entering burning building, searching a hostage victim and entering collapsed
mine, they used Raspberry Pi, also they focused on having a clear video feed from the robot, at
last the Rescue Robot has proven successful with reach of local emergency crews.
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Another study was administered with the same concept by Mohsin Iqbal entitled Remote
Control Rescue Robotic Boat for Search Operation, he made a surveillance robot that could go
under water, either sea or river. To find drowned materials. The video feed also plays a big role in
this study, at last it has been a successful study for finding drowned materials under water.
With this idea, the researchers constructed a Rescue Bot with Real Time Visual and Arduino
sensor to measure the vital statistics of an individual who are in need of medical attention and this
device may also be used for emergency causes such as entering an unstable building, dealing with
hostages scenario and other situations that endangers human rescuers having a clear real time video
feed from the Rescue Bot, that the user could communicate while monitoring the well being of an
This study aims to construct a cheaper, lightweight, and user friendly Real Time Visuals
Rescue Bot with SMS connected Vital Monitoring Device to measure the vital statistics of an
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individual who are in need of medical attention and may also be used for emergency causes such
as entering an unstable building, dealing with hostages scenario and other situations that cannot
1. Can the Real Time Visual Rescue Bot be able to measure pulse rate and temperature
accurately?
2. Are the readings reliable and can be used as reference to the well-being of a person?
Hypothesis
The Real Time Visuals Rescue Bot with SMS connected Vital Monitoring Device has no
significant effect in measuring and sending the body temperature and pulse rates in time.
The Real Time Visuals Rescue Bot with SMS connected Vital Monitoring Device has a
significant effect in measuring and sending the body temperature and the pulse rates in time.
The findings of the study would be beneficial to groups of persons, especially the
following:
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STUDENTS- This study could be benefit students by giving insights about the importance of
knowing their vital stats and this may grow their interest in the field of programming and
robotics.
TEACHERS - This study could help teachers for they could relay their knowlege about vital
SCHOOL NURSE- The school nurse could add the device in the medicinal tools in the school
clinic.
FUTURE RESEARCHERS- This study would be beneficial to the future researchers because
this will serve as part of their starting point as they innovate devices related in health monitoring
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SCOPE and DELIMITATIONS
The study Real Time Visual Rescue Bot was conducted from December 1,2017 up to
September 24, 2018 at PGCHS. The study only focuses on the measurement of pulse and body
temperature. The device was controlled at a maximum distance range of 15 meters using a
remote. The researchers used Walkietooth by Massimo Milazzo and currently available on the
Android OS. It is however, not available at the IOS platform. The researchers used Arduino Uno
as the microcontroller, Infrared-based pulse rate sensor and LM35DZ temperature sensor.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
LM35 – body temperature sensor and also an input device that records temperature.
LCD – (Liquid Crystal Display) An output device that displays the pulse rate and body
temperature.
Real Time Visual – this is the actual view of the recorded pulse rate and body temperature.
SMS - (short message service) is a text messaging service component used by the device.
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METHODOLOGY
The researchers used experimental methods design in determining the acceptability,
efficiency, and functionality of the Real Time Visual Rescue Bot Vital Monitoring Device with
The researchers gathered the following materails for the construction of the device. These
are: Arduino UNO, I2C LCD (2x16), GSM Shield, Pulse Rate Sensor, LM35DZ Body
Temperature Sensor, connecting wires, and Sim Card that was used to send text messages.
Connection
To measure the pulse rate, the researchers used the pulse rate sensor that functions when
Table 1 : Shows the connection of the pulse rate sensor to Arduino with the use of connecting
wires.
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Signal pin of the Pulse Rate Sensor was connected to the Analog O(AO) port of the
Arduino, so it could read the data emitted to the board from the sensor, the positive and the negative
pin of the Pulse Rate Sensor was connected to the 3.3V and GND pin of the Arduino respectively
To have a visual view of the measured pulse rate and body temperature a 2x16 12C LCD
was used
Table 2: Shows hows the pin of the 2 x16 LCD was connected to the Arduinoletting it to display
VCC and GND were connected to the 5V and GND port of the Arduino respectively for the
power source, while both SDA and SCL were connected to the A4 and A5 port of the board
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In measuring the body temperature the researchers used LM35DZ, a body temperature
Table 3: Shows the connection of LM35DZ (Body temperature sensor) to the ArDuino.
sensor to board
Signal(s) pin of the sensor was connected to the Analog pin 1 (A1) of the arduino, and for
the power source, the positive pin of the sensor was connected to 5V port of Arduino, and the
During the process of creating the device , the researchers followed the sequence:
softwares, main board, and program. Softwares is where the programmed codes were made, then
the main board is where the processing of the data occured, and the program will let the device
work.
When it functions, the order is Sensors(Input), Main Board, SMS notification (output), and
LED display (output). Sensors are the Pulse rate sensor and the LM35DZ that senses the Pulse rate
and the body temperature of a certain individual, Main Board, where the interpreting of the data
happens, and the SMS notification, lastly the LCD as an output where the data was visualize
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Block Diagram
( Input )
Sensors (Output)
Recipient
LCD
Arduino
SMS Notifiction
GSM
Figure I. Shows the connection of the input device to output device. Sensors inputs the data to the
arduino and the Arduino will flash it on the LCD and Gathered the data to the GSM and sends it
as SMS notification.
Figure 2: Shows the connection of the Admin to the Rescue Bot : the Monitor/Real Time Visuals
and the Phone/Camera has bluetooth connections while the Rescue Bot and remote has radio
waves, and with the rescue bot are the smartphone, vital monitoring device, and Power source
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Figure 3 :Shows the components of the mainboard.
The monitoring device is composed of sensors (pulse rate and body temperature sensor),
Liquid Crystal Display, buzzer, and a GSM module. The readings from the sensors are displayed
to the LCD and the buzzer provides a real time sound of the subject’s heartbeat. If the reading
reaches the critical level, an sms notification would be sent to the user/administrator.
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Figure 4. The device.
As shown in the figure , The system is attached to the rescue bot that is controlled by a
user/ administrator via remote control. The rescue bot is equipped with a smartphone for real time
visuals for it is easier to navigate or control the car on the blind spot of the user/administrator. The
smartphone could also be used by the subject to make calls for emergency purposes such as if
The software used for real time video and audio is Walkietooth developed by Massimo
Milazzo. Choose camera mode for both device. The livestream uses bluetooth connection, WiFi
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System Flowchart
Start
Input devices
YES NO
End
Diagram 1: Shows the process of the device from inputs, processes, decision, and output.
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SOFTWARE
The researchers used the Arduino IDE to program and compile the codes and to enable
Code used:
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DATA GATHERING
The researchers provided questionares for each of the panelist a field testing was done to
determine if the device functions well, efficient and could be accepted by the general public, 30
random individuals were provided with questionaires to rate using the hedonic scale
4 – Very Acceptable
3 – Acceptable
2 – Fair Acceptable
1 – Not Acceptable
2.62-3.42 Acceptable
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Table 4 : Shows the questionaire provided fo the panelist. For determining the
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1
A. Acceptability
B. Functionality
C. Efficiency
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
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The researchers used the weighted mean of the ratings of the panelist to the device to
𝛴𝑋
𝑋̅ = 𝑁
Where:
The reseaerchers used the 5-point hedonic scale in determining the acceptability,
Scale Interpretation
5 Highly acceptable
4 Very acceptable
3 Acceptable
2 Fair acceptable
1 Not acceptable
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The Real Time Visuals Rescue Bot with SMS Connected Vital Monitoring Device was
tested and simulated using Walkietooth application. The designed rescue bot resulted in the
operational time of maximum of 2 hours. It resulted that the coverage area of both transmitter and
receiver is approximately 5 meters. The researchers randomly selected 30 panelist to test the
Acceptability
The device is
effective as a 16 14 0 0 0 4.533 Highly
Acceptability
Rescue Bot. 4.58 Highly acceptable
acceptable
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The table shows how many panelist rates score on a certain question in acceptability, the
rating 5, as the highest, to 1, as the lowest are placed on a table and the number of the panelist
rated were placed. The results show that the weighted mean of the device in terms of acceptability
is 4.58 when interpreted it is highly acceptable. Being user friendly of the device got the highest
Functionality
The SMS
notification is 21 9 0 0 0 4.7 Highly
prompt. acceptable
The results show that the weighted mean of the device in terms of functionality is 4.61 when
interpreted it is highly acceptable. The panelist rated the functionality of the device with highest
point of 4.733 which means the device really can perform the task well.
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Question 5 4 3 2 1 Weighted Remark
Mean
The
monitoring
device can Highly
immediately 18 12 0 0 0 4.6 acceptable
display
readings once
someone
makes use of
it
The dual
sensors are 15 14 7 0 0 Highly
much easy to 4.467 acceptable
use than
single
equipment.
EFFICIENCY
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interpreted it is highly acceptable. The immediacy of the flashing of data got the highest point of
4.6 which means that it gives the panelist the faster and easier gathering of data instead of using
multi equipment.
Conclusion
This study tested the acceptability, functionality, and efficiency of Real Time Visual
Rescue Bot with SMS connected Arduino Based Vital Monitoring Device.
The researchers analyzed the data gathered, the result shows a rating of 4.58 for the
acceptability that means that the device possess the characteristics needed by the public as a
rescue robot, 4.61 in the functionality that means that the device executed the functions that a
Rescue Bot should do, 4.53 in efficiency which means that the Rescue Bot is easy to operate and
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Therefore, the researchers concluded the Real Time Visuals Rescue Bot with SMS
connected Vital Monitoring Device has significant effects in measuring and sending the body
temperature and the pulse rates in time of an individual who needs medical attention.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the results of the study the following recommendations are given: first,
the remote controlled car may improve its navigation, distance could travel, and distance of the
video coverage. Then, the device may monitor the 4 vital stats. The researchers should also
improve the accuracy of the reading of the vital stats and the sms prompt.
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Bibliography
Chen Yu, Na Wang, Haijun Zhang. 2009. june 10. Accessed August 19, 2018.
https//:ieeexplorer.ieee.org/document/5070181/.
Connolly, Mary. 2015. Definitions. november 21. Accessed September 18, 2018.
https://www.definitions.net/definition/remote+control+car.
Jatin Arora, Sarvesh S S Rawat, Gagandeep, Amandeep Singh, Narinder Pal Singh, Gurvinder Singh. 2014.
IEEExplorer. Accessed August 19, 2018. https//:ieeexplorer.ieee.org/document/7033986.
long, jill. 2012. "WHAT IS WAR? A NEW POINT OF VIEW." Small Wars Journal 10.
Longley, Allen Grove Anne Marie Helmenstine Mary Fairchild Robert. 2018. ThoughtCo. Accessed
september 18, 2018. https://www.thoughtco.com/electric-vs-nitro-rc-vehicles-2862404.
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MacGill, Martin. 2017. Medical News Today. November 15. Accessed August 19, 2018.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/235710.
Marieb, Elaine. 2006. In Essential of Human Anatomy and Physiology. San Francisco, California: Pearson
Education,Inc.
Appendices Materials
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ArDuino Connector Jumper Wires
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Pulse Rate Sensor Arduino GSM shield version 2.
Documentations
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The researchers used this table for data gathering
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1
A. Acceptability
B. Functionality
C. Efficiency
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Solving for Weighted Mean:
Sample:
Multiply the number of panelist to the score and sum it all then devide it by 30 to get the
weighted mean.
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RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
09457806669
niel.relleve02@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
NATIONALITY : Filipino
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Polangui, Albay
2015- Present
Polangui, Albay
2009-2015 (Graduate)
34
RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
09566705204
levcaaya@yahoo.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
NATIONALITY : Filipino
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Polangui, Albay
2015- Present
Polangui, Albay
2009-2015 (Graduate)
35
RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
Paolosatuito2002@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
NATIONALITY: Filipino
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Polangui, Albay
2015- Present
Libon, Albay
36
RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
Lenardpaulo.oliquino@yahoo.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
NATIONALITY : Filipino
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Polangui, Albay
2015- Present
37
RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
GENEVIEVE BALESTRAMON
Napo, Polangui Albay
09954972526
genbalestramon@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
NATIONALITY : Filipino
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Polangui, Albay
2015- Present
Polangui, Albay
2009-2015 (Graduate)
38