Trigger 2

The wound was cleaned and debrided, revealing also a

tear in the underlying gastrocnemius muscle and its
nerve and blood supply. Bleeding vessels were ligated.
An xray was done which showed a complete fracture of
the middle 3rd of Fibula
• Torn underlying gastrocnemius
muscle, nerve and blood supply

• Ligated Blood Supply

• Fractured middle 3rd of Fibula

 Classification of Gastrocnemius
• The gastrocnemius
muscle is a muscle
located on the back
portion of the lower leg,
being one of the two
major muscles that make
up the calf. The other
major calf muscle, the
soleus muscle, is a flat
muscle that lies
underneath the
gastrocnemius
Different Types of Muscles
 Cardiac Muscle
HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES FUNCTION
• Cardiac muscle is striated,
Cardiac muscle tissue, or myocardium,
like skeletal muscle, as the
contains cells that expand and contract
actin and myosin are in response to electrical impulses from
arranged in sarcomeres the nervous system.
• involuntary
• single (central) nucleus
• intercalated disc
-gap junction
-adhering junctions
-desmosomes
 Smooth Muscle
HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES
• mononucleate fibers with
tapered edges
• elongated spindles, or fusiform-
shape
• Nucleus
-relaxed state, the nucleus appears
elongated
-during the contracting phase, the
cell appears a globular shape,
-nucleus becomes spiral-shaped
• alpha actin and type II myosin
• Desmin
• Vimentin
FUNCTION
• Smooth muscles are involved in
many 'housekeeping' functions
of the body.
• push food through your body.
• bladder wall to expel urine from
your body.
• uterus (or womb) help to push
babies out of the body during
childbirth.
• The pupillary sphincter muscle
of the eye
• Smooth muscle cells synthesize and secrete
the following:
• Type III collagen
• Type IV collagen
• Elastin
• Proteoglycans
• Multiadhesive glycoproteins
• Type I collagen and elastin, by those in the
uterus and blood vessel walls
 Skeletal Muscle
HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES FUNCTIONS
• found attached to bones • Produces skeletal movement
• long multinucleated fibers • Maintain posture and body
position
• fibers are relatively wide
• Body Temperature
and very long, but
• Store nutrient reserves
unbranched.
• There are striations
 Difference Between Compact Bone
and Spongy Bone
• Compact and spongy bones are the two main types of
osseous tissues.
• Compact bone is also called cortical bone while spongy
bone is also called cancellous bone.
• Compact bones are made of osteons while spongy bones
are made of trabeculae.
• Compact bones are tough and heavy while spongy bones
are light.
• Compact bones fill the outer layer of most of the bones
while spongy bones fill the inner layer of the bones.