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W195 x H530 px
Technology Presentation
12th February 2019
Vikas Chauhan
Business Development Manager, Anritsu EMEA
Contents
1. Standardisation activities and deployment (2
slides)
2. 5G NR key concepts (10 slides)
3. 5G NR PHY Layer (22 slides)
4. 5G NR Protocol Stack (16 slides)
5. NSA Protocol Architecture (6 slides)
CONFIDENTIAL
4 Copyright© ANRITSU
Contents
1. Standardisation activities and deployment(2
slides)
2. 5G NR key concepts (7 slides)
3. 5G NR PHY Layer (22 slides)
4. 5G NR Protocol Stack (16 slides)
5. NSA Protocol Architecture (6 slides)
Δf=30 kHz
One slot, 0.5 ms
Δf=60 kHz
One slot, 0.25 ms
Δf=120 kHz
One slot, 0.125 ms
Δf=240 kHz
One slot, 0.0625 ms
Unused
Efficiency loss
• Up to 16 component carriers
Overall bandwidth depends on frequency band
• Not all devices must support the full network carrier bandwidth
LTE NR
All UEs support full carrier BW A UE can support less than the carrier BW
• A subset of the total cell bandwidth of a cell is referred to as a Bandwidth Part (BWP) and BA
is achieved by configuring the UE with BWP(s) and telling the UE which of the configured
BWPs is currently the active one.
frequency
BWP3
20MHz/60kHz
BWP1 BWP2
40MHz 2 1 ...
10MHz/15kHz
15kHz
time
Physical signals
A downlink physical signal corresponds to a set of resource elements used by the physical layer but
does not carry information originating from higher layers. The following downlink physical signals are
defined:
• Demodulation reference signals, DM-RS
• Phase-tracking reference signals, PT-RS
• Channel-state information reference signal, CSI-RS
• Primary synchronization signal, PSS
• Secondary synchronization signal, SSS
Physical resources
The following antenna ports are defined for the downlink:
• Antenna ports starting with 1000 for demodulation reference signals associated with PDSCH
• Antenna ports starting with 2000 for demodulation reference signals associated with PDCCH
• Antenna ports starting with 3000 for channel-state information reference signals
• Antenna ports starting with 4000 for SS/PBCH block transmission
Physical signals
An uplink physical signal is used by the physical layer but does not carry information originating from
higher layers. The following uplink physical signals are defined:
• Demodulation reference signals, DM-RS
• Phase-tracking reference signals, PT-RS
• Sounding reference signal, SRS
Physical resources
The following antenna ports are defined for the uplink:
• Antenna ports starting with 0 for demodulation reference signals associated with PUSCH
• Antenna ports starting with 1000 for SRS, PUSCH
• Antenna ports starting with 2000 for PUCCH
• Antenna ports starting with 4000 for PRACH
• NR downlink reference signals are tailored for specific roles and can be flexibly adapted for
different deployment scenarios and spectrum
NR (Rel-15) downlink
LTE (Rel-8) downlink reference signals
reference signals
Synchronization
(TRS)
Synchronization
(CRS)
Demodulation
(DM-RS)
Demodulation
Channel State
(CRS)
Information
Channel State Measurement
Information (CSI-RS)
Measurement Phase Noise
(CRS) Compensation TRS: Tracking RS
Phase Noise (PT-RS) DMRS: DeModulation RS
Compensation CSI-RS: Channel Status Info RS
(CRS) CRS: Cell-Specific RS PT-RS: Phase Tracking RS
• PT-RS density in time, frequency is associated with scheduled MCS, bandwidth, respectively
Scheduled BW
• Three different types of SRS is supported: Periodic, aperiodic, and semi-persistent SRS (same time
domain behavior as that of CSI-RS)
• SRS carrier switching is supported for transmitting SRS over more than one carrier using a single
uplink transmitter
• Up to 6 OFDM symbols can be used for SRS transmission to increase SRS capacity
compared to LTE (Rel-8 LTE supports up to 1 OFDM symbol)
Frequency
RB
PUSCH only
SRS/PUSCH 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Slot
LDPC coding
Multi-antenna handling CRC
Scrambling
Modulation
Layer mapping
Transform precoding
(UL only)
Multi-antenna precoding
Resource mapping
Transport block
CBG
0 1 0 0 CBGTI
K bit payload
Larger CRC
24-bit CRC
attachment 140 bits
CRC
Independently processed interleaver
Polar
coding
Rate
matching
Scrambling
QPSK
DM-RS
one slot
• Flexible configuration of when, what formats, and what aggregation levels to monitor
No monitoring in this occasion of the search space Aggregation level 4 monitored No monitoring in this occasion of the search space
• Beamforming support: spatial relations between PUCCH and downlink signals can be
configured
MAC-CE used to switch between different configurations
Feedback signaling
• All designed with low PAPR in mind, can be used irrespective of PUSCH waveform
ΔT2
Index Offset
0 ΔT0
1 ΔT1
2 ΔT2
3 ΔT3
… …
RRC-configured table
Frequency raster
Search raster
Understanding details of 3GPP Release 15 5G NR
30 Copyright© ANRITSU
SS Block and Beam Sweeping
• SS burst set
Frequency range SS blocks per SS burst set
Multiple SS blocks in different beams
– 3 GHz 4
3 – 6 GHz 8
mm-wave 64
5 ms
SB #1 SB #2 SB #L SB #1 SB #2 SB #L
SB #3
• Type-II which is optimized for Multi-User MIMO transmission with finer channel information and as a
consequence, larger uplink overhead
Terminal selects beam and co-phase (relative phase Terminal selects multiple beams, amplitude scaling, and phase
difference between X-pol antennas) coefficient coefficients for linear combination between the beams
• Initial security activation, i.e. initial configuration of integrity protection and ciphering in RAN (SRBs, DRBs)
• Failure recovery
• Positioning
UE operating in NR can obtain position using LTE signals and RAT independent methods
No support for native NR methods in Rel-15 other than E-Cellid
• UE capability transfer
Similar to LTE with storage in AMF
The UE capabilities in NR do not rely on UE categories: UE categories associated to fixed peak data rates are only
defined for marketing purposes and not signalled to the network. Instead, the network determines the UL and DL data
rate supported by a UE from the supported band combinations and from the baseband capabilities (modulation scheme,
MIMO layers, …).
UE gNB 5GC
UE in RRC_IDLE
RACH
RACH response
RRCConnectionRequest
RRCSetup
RRCSetupComplete
Establish Nx connection,
UE context transfer,
UE capability transfer,
Security setup
DRBSetup
UE in RRC_CONNECTED
/ CM-CONNECTED
• Key differences:
Integrity protection to be supported for DRB
o Data failing Integrity protection to be discarded
• Reduce the signalling overhead (on radio and network interfaces), enabling UE power
consumption similar to IDLE while improving the UE access latency
• Key aspects:
UE context storage in in RAN during INACTIVE
o UE context stores both 5GC information including security and UE radio configurations
o allowing transitions between INACTIVE and CONNECTED without involving Core Network
o UE centric mobility, e.g. cell (re)-selection in INACTIVE
Transitions between Inactive and Connected, and mobility while in Inactive are hidden from CN
RRC_IDLE
• Reference signal: SSB for idle mode; SSB and/or CSI-RS for Connected mode
• Measurement gap
• Non-gap-assisted or gap-assisted depends on the capability of the UE, the active BWP of the UE and the
current operating frequency
Filtering takes place at two different levels: at the physical layer to derive beam quality and then at RRC
level to derive cell quality from multiple beams.
RRC configures
RRC configures RRC configures
parameters
parameters parameters
UE
UE Implementation
Implementation
specific
specific
A A1
gNB beam 1 Layer1 filtering C
Beam B Layer 3 Evaluation of
gNB beam 2 Layer1 filtering D
Consolidation/ filtering for cell reporting
Cell quality 1
Selection quality C criteria
gNB beam K Layer1 filtering
K beams
K beams L3 Beam filtering
L3 Beam filtering Beam Selection X beams
for reporting
L3 Beam filtering
E F
HARQ HARQ
HARQ
Transport Channels
Transport Channels
SDAP protocol introduced to support new flow based QoS model of the 5GC
UE gNB
SDAP SDAP
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
• Beam management
Mobility between beams is performed by a combination of Phy and MAC signalling
RRC signalling involved only to provide a measurement configuration (e.g. configuration of the reference signals to
be measured, etc)
UE
Uu
RRC
(MeNB
state)
• UE still processes one message at a time in sequence irrespective of the path the message is
received in
Understanding details of 3GPP Release 15 5G NR
55 Copyright© ANRITSU
NSA: Sub Architecture Options (3/3a/3x)
and Bearer Types
• Different bearer types based on:
Bearer termination point of the CN interface; and
Radio interface used for data transfer
SCG bearer implies all the data for this bearer is RLCLTE RLCNR
sent only over SCG radio interface
RLC bearer RLC bearer
o RLC bearer in SCG
MACLTE MACNR
Figure shows MN terminated MCG bearer
(option 3) and SN terminated SCG bearer
MN terminated SN terminated
(option 3a) MCG bearer SCG bearer
MACLTE MACNR
• Change of bearer type is simple – by adding or removing
RLC bearers MCG SCG
Spectrum Master
OTA chamber
Field Master Pro
Field I&M
GUI
MX800010A-002 MX800030A/50A
NR TDD OTA Meas. Software Rapid Test Designer (RTD)
(for OTA RF test) (for protocol test)
Other SI encompasses all SIBs not broadcast in the Minimum SI. Those SIBs can either be periodically broadcast on DL-
SCH, broadcast on-demand on DL-SCH (i.e. upon request from UEs in RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE), or sent in a
dedicated manner on DL-SCH to UEs in RRC_CONNECTED. Other SI consists of:
- SIB2 contains cell re-selection information, mainly related to the serving cell;
- SIB3 contains information about the serving frequency and intra-frequency neighbouring cells relevant for cell re-selection (including cell re-
selection parameters common for a frequency as well as cell specific re-selection parameters);
- SIB4 contains information about other NR frequencies and inter-frequency neighbouring cells relevant for cell re-selection (including cell re-
selection parameters common for a frequency as well as cell specific re-selection parameters);
- SIB5 contains information about E-UTRA frequencies and E-UTRA neighbouring cells relevant for cell re-selection (including cell re-selection
parameters common for a frequency as well as cell specific re-selection parameters);
UE gNB
- SIB6 contains an ETWS primary notification;
- SIB7 contains an ETWS secondary notification; Minimum SI (MIB)
- SIB8 contains a CMAS warning notification; periodically broadcast on BCH
Minimum SI (SIB1)
- SIB9 contains information related to GPS time and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). periodically broadcast on DL-SCH
Minimum SI (SIB1)
For a cell/frequency that is considered for camping by the UE, the UE is not unicast on DL-SCH
required to acquire the contents of the minimum SI of that cell/frequency from Other SI (SIBn)
periodically broadcast on DL-SCH
another cell/frequency layer. This does not preclude the case that the UE
Other SI (SIBn)
applies stored SI from previously visited cell(s). broadcast on-demand on DL-SCH
If the UE cannot determine the full contents of the minimum SI of a cell by Other SI (SIBn)
unicast on DL-SCH
receiving from that cell, the UE shall consider that cell as barred.
In case of BA, the UE only acquires SI on the active BWP.