Assignment # 3

Subject: Strategic HRM and Leadership (549)

Title of Assignment: HRM Metrics & HR Scorecards

Submitted to: Dr. Hamid Hassan

Submitted by: Asfand Yar khaliq

Date of Submission: 25.09.2019

Roll Number: 19L-2512

Section: MBA-C
 COMMUNISM

The communism word is derived from the Latin word which is “communis” and it means common or
shared. It was a political and economic philosophy presented by Freidrich and Karl Marx in19th
century. Fredrich and Max came to know that they have similar principles when they met in 1844.
Then in 1844 they published “The Communist Manifesto.” They just wanted to end capitalization
that it causes exploitation for the workers as it was social class system .communism I like an
advanced form of socialism according to them and communism aims to shift the profit based
economy and private property to public ownership such as mines, factories and mills. Communism is
a system where all the major production are controlled by public. The wealth is equally divided into
among people according to their needs individually and there is no private property or government.

Marx introduced two phases of communism.

 The first one was a transitional system the government and economy was controlled by the
working class and to pay people equally according to their hard work was also necessary.
 And the second one was fully realized communism in which the distribution of goods and the
production will be according to the principles means that the distribution will be According to need
and according to ability.

The communism system was a goal for humankind and the communism followers realized that it is
very difficult to end capitalism and move towards the communism and so people needed time for this
transition. Marx talked about future communism system that the system will be designed
democratically and it’s not his task.

Then many countries around the word adopt this communism system such as Asia, Africa Eastern
Europe and South America. In Russia this communism system was developed in 19th century.

Some advantages of communism

 It provides the additional facilities of education to the public

 It provides the employment opportunities to everyone according to their ability and needs.
 It creates the level of equality that can never happened under capitalism.
 It can create strong societies which work for each other.
 CAPITALISM

An economic and political system in which all the productions, trade and industries are under the
control of private owners in order to generate profits in the market. This economic system basically
consist of three things which are “wage labor” under capitalism the workers are paid less then they
produced and less than their service. Second one is private ownership which is very important in
capitalism as its increases the efficiency by giving benefits an incentives to the resource owners in
order to maximize the efficiency and the third one is production for profit and exchange which means
that people who have control on production and ownership they hire workers for the production of
goods and services which creates a competition between private business in the economy in order to
generate profits.

Properties of Capitalism

 In capitalism to generate money more money is invested, no property in owned by government as

individuals have their resources and property.
 There is production on a large scale in which more use of capitals which leads to generate more
profit and the money which is left spent by manufacturer anywhere he wanted to invest as the
production system in capitalism is to seek profit.
 In capitalism there is decrease in supply and an artificial increase in demand which creates
competition between the capitalists.
 In capitalism the price is not based on production cost and it is based on supply and demand laws.
Their main focus is to take much work from the workers on lowest wage. In capitalism there is an
importance of credit institutions as the capitalists take loans to start their own business.
 Government have no control on distribution and production as all the control is under the forces
which are in the market and operation the businesses.

Advantages of Capitalism

It is self-regulatory system as government have no control and all the things are under market
operators. In capitalism there is a fast growth of economy so capitalists invests only on those projects
which seems to be profitable in the future. In capitalism the capitalist decides what to produce and how
to produce according to the laws of demand and supply. In capitalism there is chance of more
productivity in projects which are long term.
 Socialism

Socialism is also known as social ownership as it is political or economic; system in which the wealth
is distributed equally among the nation through centralized planning in which the ownership of
productions and distribution will be public. The idea of socialism is socially, economically and
politically equal. Socialism comes after the industrialization when poor was getting more poor and rich
were getting more richer, workers were suffering due to this inequality as in industrial system
population was divided into two types first one was “Bourgeoisie” these are the capitalist and the
production is owned by them . The second one is “Proletariat” those workers who works for the
production of goods and services. Karl Marx criticizes the capitalism and according to him there will
a change through peaceful means and the capitalism will end through the changes in a series. Karl
Marx and Frederich introduced the concept of scientific socialism in their book The “Communist
Manifesto,” which was published in 1848.

Properties of socialism

 Socialism is different from communism as communism focused everyone will be treated according
to “their ability and needs” but in socialism everyone will be treated according to “their ability and
deeds.” Government maintain its control on the society in communism.
 In socialism money is distributed equally but it depends on individual that how much harder he
work he will get according to that. The profit is divided according to the earning wage among the
society and there would be a freedom of religion.
 Socialism based on the idea of collective corporation in which all the institutions are owned by
public not by government and they pay taxes in return to the government

Advantages of socialism

 In the system of socialism in economy there is a less chance of price fixing. As it focus on the
increase of living standards of society and to help them. Each and every one should help each other
instead of according to demand and supply law. Everyone will be treated fairly and they work
together for food and homes.
 It focuses on equality according to humanity not on separation of wealth. Everyone have control
on the distribution and the production of goods and services. Your neighbor will be treated as same
you are treated under the system of socialism.
 The Islamic form of government

Islam is a complete system of living it guides us in many aspects of life and it focuses on human
equality. It tells us that how to perform several activities in a proper way. As we know that Islam is
complete knowledge about all the aspects of life so there is Islamic system of government which is
also a part of our life.

As Islam tell us about all the aspects that how to pay Zakat, undertake Hajj, observe Sawn and say
Salah so it tells us that how to run a nation or a state in the form of government. The ruling system in
Islam is much different from the system of government which non Islamic countries have. In Islam the
system of government is based on three major concepts which are TAWHID, RISALAT, and
KHILAFAT. The first one is TAWHID which means that Allah is the creator and the master of each
and everything in the universe which is organic or in organic, He is the Sustainer off everything. He
has all the rights to forbid or to command and those all commandments are laws. Second one is
RASALAT which is known as the medium through which we receive the laws of God in the form of
Book and the third one is KHILAFAT which means representative they are human beings who
represent God in the earth according to Islam. He has given some authorities by God which he can use
in some limits which are maintained by God. Islamic system of government is based on following
major principle.

Khilafah of Mankind

Man are the representative on earth as an agent of Allah and they have given some authorizes to use
according to the commands given from Allah. He will obey or disobey the commands then he will be
punished on the day of judgement, in sense of government system Khalifah will implements all the
things according to the will of Allah.

Legislation By Shura

The legislation will be based on Quran and Sunnah and there is no despotism in Islamic government.
All the decisions will be taken under the Shura means by the participation and consultation and it’s an
important part of Islamic government or Islamic political system.

Independence Of Judiciary

Judiciary is independent and all the Executive or government ministers can be called to court if
required. There will be no difference that how all citizens and these minsters are treated.
 KAL MARX

He was born in 1818 in Trier on 5 May, Kingdom of Prussia. He was sociologist, economics, historian,
and a German Philosopher. He away followed his father and that is the reason that’s why he continued
secular education. He was a law student in University of Bonn and then transferred to the University
of Berlin after one year and then he started taking interest in philosophy. And then he joined Hegelian’s
group. Then he became editer of Rheinische Zeitung after his degree of doctorate from the University
of Jena after that he get married and then shifted to Paris.During that time in few months he became
communist and started work as a philosophical and economic.

After that he work on the series of books with Engels and then he moved to Brussels with his Family.
In Brussel Engels and Mars introduced most important works which are The Communist Manifesto
and The German Ideology and after that they left Brussel and moved to Cologne. After that in 1849 he
moved to London where his family was reducing to poverty, he continued his theories formation and
writings and then get his attention back towards the economics and he used to spend 60 hours in British
Museum per week and introduced “Capital” in 1867. In his wife died and her daughter died due to
starvation then in Marx died in 1883 on 14 march.

Capitalism

According to the Marx capitalism is exploitation for the workers it means that under capitalism there
is a conflict of interest exist between the workers and the owners. According to Marx there are two
concepts in society of human. Fist one is Base which means that the society organizes the basic ways
for the production of goods and to divide the property relation and labor technically. The second one
is Superstructure of the society including institutions, political structure, norms and culture.

The Communist Manifesto

It has been recognized one of the best political manuscripts the short publication written by Marx and
Engels. In this book they highlighted the main problems in capitalism and there are any theories in this
book on the nature of politics and society.in this book they presented ideas about how to end capitalism
can be end and replaced by socialism after that towards communism.

Socialism

In socialism money is distributed equally but it depends on individual that how much harder he work
he will get according to that. The profit is divided according to the earning wage among the society
and there would be a freedom of religion.
 VALADIMIR LENIN

He was a Russian statesman and an influential person in the history. He was born on 22 April 1870.
He was leading architect and Bolshevik Revolution, he founded the Russian communist party and he
was the first head of Soviet state. He was the chairman of People Commissars. His parents were
highly cultured and educated when he was doing underground party work then he got last name
Lenin. His father died due to brain hemorrhage in 1886 when linen was only 16 and his renounces
the Christianity. He was influenced by the writings of Karl Marx and Nikolai. In the 20th century he
was one of the professional and leading politician and revolutionary thinker.

When he returned from exile in March 1889, he joined the first Russian party which was Russian
Marxist party then he participated in mirror revolution o January 22, and the day was called as
“bloody Sunday” then Bolsheviks and Lenin decided to form their and parties and then they
separated. In 1917 with his master mind his political party take over power in Russia. Due to radical
Socialist Democratic Ideals of Lenin he was expelled from his university and he introduced his
beliefs called Leninism which was the sub philosophy of Marxism. Bolshevik party eliminated the
elected prime minister as they claims power on 6-7 November 1917 and Lenin transformed Russia
into USSR.

Leninism

There were many contributions of Lenin in Marxism and the major contributions are the
condemnation and analysis of imperialism and the value of that colonial areas which were important
part of revolution. His concept about the revolutionary party was highly disciplined and he combined
the shrewd political instinct with Marxist theory and supported the establishment of socialism.

Lenin’s Theory Of Imperialism

His theory of imperialism was totally based on the Marx views and analysis on capitalism.
According to him the imperialism was the highest ad the final stage of capitalism means that it is the
end of capitalism and the beginning of socialism. There was a gain in prominence in capital exports
over the commodities exports.

The imperialism have “3 major contradictions” which are the contradiction between the capital and
labor, the second one is the contradiction between the power of imperialists and the financial groups
and the third one is that there is a conflict between the people of their exploited dependencies and
that of the imperialist power.
 CONFOSYS

Confosys is one of the largest organization which is fast moving staffing service. And it is expanding
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the man power is provided. It provides pace and efficiency, flexibility to the IT strategies of
organization. The services provided by their service division are testing, development, search engine
optimization and integrated enterprise applications. By integrating their IT landscape and niche
specialized solutions their business become innovated. Their clients feels secure to unlock the hidden
values in their data under the intelligence of their business. For our technology solutions and
applications they ensure the quality, all the sight assignments are customized as they all are based on
the customer’s requests.

Innovate from the front

They provided IT solutions which are leading in the industry by incorporating the advance
technologies to increase the efficiency of business capabilities. They provide the IT solutions which
are long term reliable and easy to maintain and clients feel easy to invest there as they provide the
best return on their investment in the form of service like enterprise content management, open
source customize, e-commerce services. Mobility and cloud service.

Its IT services are become paramount as IT is the backbone of this organization. They have achieved
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they have developed some solutions which are different and beyond to traditional staffing services.
Their customized service model provides unparalleled and significant value and so the clients have
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Core Values

Their core value includes the Commitment, Dedication and Expertise which are the most important
values for any organization for aching the goals. Commitment means that the commitment with the
clients to deliver excellent quality of services and making good relations with clients, Dedication
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