THE NERVOUS

SYSTEM
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Connects the other body
system together it also integrates the functions of the
other body system and controls the various life
processes of the human body. Breathing is possible
because of the synchronized work of the Respiratory and
Muscular System.

THE NEURON/NERVE CELL

Is a functional and structural unit of The Nervous System
a neuron functions by carrying massages from one part,
of the body to another to a from of electrical signal
known as impulse.

CELL BODY
Is the largest part of The Neuron and contains nucleus,
cytoplasm and other organelles. It is where the metabolic
activities of neuron takes place.

THE TWO PARTS OF A NEURON

The Two Parts of Neuron are types of nerve fibers that

extended out of the cell body. It is Dendrites and Axon.

THE DENTRITES
Which look like many short branches of a tree, receive
impulses from neighboring neurons and carry them
toward the cell body.

AXON
It is long, tail-like, single branch of fiber that quickly
carries impulse away from the cell body to another
neuron.

SCHWAN CELLS
The long length of axon is covered by Head-Like structures
SYNAPES
Is the small spaces between the axon terminal of a
neuron and the dendrites of the next neuron.

The Sensory Neurons receive impulses from the sense

organs and carry them to the brain and the spinal chord
where they are processed .

The Motor Neurons receive impulses from the sense

organs and carry them to the brain or the spinal chord to
the other neurons.
THE INTERNEURONS CONNECT SENSORY AND MOTOR
NEURONS AND CARRY IMPULSE BETWEEN THEM.

THE DIVISIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The Human Nervous system has two major divisions

the Central Nervous System also known as (CNS) and
Peripheral Nervous System also known as (PNS)

The Central Nervous System or CNS consists of the

brain and the spinal chord is the coordinating center of
the nervous system that processes all the incoming and
outgoing signals.

The Peripheral Nervous System or PNS consist of the

nerves and associated cells, connect the brain and spinal
chord to the rest of the body.

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or CNS

The skull and The Backbone are encased by Three layers
Of tough, elastic tissue called Meninges.
PARTS OF THE BRAIN
FRONTAL LOBE which is located at the top, PARRIENTAL LOBE,
OCCIPITAL LOBE, TEMPORAL LOBE, PONS, MENDULA,
OBLONGATA, SPINAL CHORD and CEREBELLUM.

CEREBRUM
Is the largest part of the brain. It is responsible for
functions such as learning, Intelligence, and Judgement.
Cerebral Cortex processes information from the senses
and controls body movement
Cerebellum located below the cerebrum at the base of
the skull and is attached to the brain stem it is the second
largest part of the brain.
Diencephalon found inside the cerebrum and above the
brain stem, takes charge of the sensory function food
intake control and body’s sleep cycle.
Spinal chord has 31 pairs of nerves connecting the brain
to all parts of the body.

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or PNS

It has two divisions. The sensory division and The motor
division.

The sensory division of the PNS , sensory neurons carry

information from the sense organs and bring it on the
CNS.

The motor division of the PNS sensory nervous signals

away from CNS to different organs throughout the body.
The motor division is divided into the nervous system and
autoromic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system controls the voluntary
movements or those under conscious control, such as
skeletal muscle movements.
THE SENSES
The sense organs specialize in capturing the signals about
changes in the environment of the human body.

Optic Nerves each of the second pair of cranial nerves,

transmitting impulse to the brain from the retina at the
back of the eye.
Chemical signals are perceived by specialized cells, called
chemoreceptors in the nose and tongue.
The chemoreceptors of the nose are called Olfactory
Nerves.
The chemoreceptors of the taste buds are called Taste
Receptors.

The Ears have auditory nerves that perceive sounds.

Touch receptors of the skin decent changes in
temperature , texture, and pressure.
THE DISEASES AFFECTING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STROKE, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS or MS EPILEPSY, MENINGITIS
AND RABIES.
Stroke is cerebrovascular accident or CVA it occur due to
problems with blood supply to the brain
Multiple sclerosis or MS is a chronic, often disabling
disease of unknown cause.
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that cause people
recurring seizures
Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges of the
brain and spinal chords
Rabies is a viral disease is often transmitted through the
bite or a rabid animal or through exposure of open
wounds to saliva.

HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

 Do not smoke or use other bacco products,

alcohol, or illegal drugs.
 Eat balanced diet with enough supply to vitamin B
complex.
 Hydrate yourself with enough water.
 Avoid intake of caffeinated drinks such as coffee
and colas.
 Have your hearing or vision tested
 Set priorities and concentrate on one thing at a
time
 Protect yourself from head injuries and falls.

THANK YOU! :)