5499904

Computer integrated Manufacturing lab –
Regulation – 2017 (CBCS Scheme)

15MEL77
Sri Sairam college of Engineering

Anekal, Bengaluru
Department of Mechanical Engineering

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING LAB
LAB MANUAL
15MEL77
NAME OF THE STUDENT : ------------------------------------------
BRANCH : ------------------------------------------
UNIVERSITY SEAT NO : -----------------------------------------
SEMESTER : -----------------------------------------
BATCH : -----------------------------------------
Lab- Assistant Lab- incharge

Mrs. Vidya Banakar Mr. R.VIJAI
Prepared by: vijai.R On: 01.08.2019 Sri Sairam College of Engineering Anekal. Page |
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15MEL77
COMPTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING LAB
Course Code Credits L-T-P Assesment Exam

SEE CIA Duration
Computer Integrated 15MEL77 02 1-0-2 80 20 3Hrs
Manufacturing LAB
Course Objectives:
CLO1 To expose the students to the techniques of CNC programming and cutting tool
path generation through CNC simulation software by using G-Codes and M-codes.
CLO2 To educate the students on the usage of CAM packages.
CLO3 To make the students understand the importance of automation in industries
through exposure to FMS, Robotics, and Hydraulics and Pneumatics.
Part-A
Manual CNC part programming for 2 turning and 2 milling parts.Selection and assignment of tools,
correction of syntax and logical errors, and verification of tool path.
CNC part programming using CAM packages. Simulation of Turning, Drilling, Milling operations.
3 typical simulations to be carried out using simulation packages like:CademCAMLab-Pro, Master- CAM.
Program generation using software. Optimize spindle power, torque utilization, and cycle time.
Generation and printing of shop documents like process and cycle time sheets, tool list, and tool layouts.Cut
the part in single block and auto mode and measure the virtual part on screen. Post processing of CNC
programs for standard CNC control systems like FANUC, SINUMERIC and MISTUBISHI.
Part B
(Only for Demo/Viva voce)
FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System): Programming of Automatic storage and Retrieval system (ASRS)
and linear shuttle conveyor Interfacing CNC lathe, milling with loading unloading arm and ASRS to be
carried out on simple components.
(Only for Demo/Viva voce)

Robot programming: Using Teach Pendent & Offline programming to perform pick and place, stacking of
objects (2 programs).
Pneumatics and Hydraulics: Electro-Pneumatics: 3 typical experiments on Basics of these topics to be
conducted.
Course Outcomes:
C01 Demonstrate the usage of CAM software

C02 Perceive the basic concepts of CIM & Automation systems, FMS, ASRS, Robot
Programming pneumatics and hydraulics.
C03 Develop programs for CNC machine using G codes and M codes to carry out
different machining operations.
C04 Simulate different CNC programs for different machining operations.
Scheme for Examination:

Two Questions from Part A - 60 Marks (30 +30)
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Viva-Voce - 20 Marks
Total: 80 Marks
Table of content
Expt. no Topics Page no

Introduction to NC , CNC Technology
Co-ordinate system
G-codes, M-codes
1 Simple step turning
2 Box turning cycle
3 Box facing cycle
4 Taper turning 1
5 Taper turning 2
6 Multiple Turning cycle 1
7 Multiple Turning cycle 2
8 Grooving
9 Threading
10 Peck drilling
11 Peck drilling & Step Boring
12 Mill-contouring
13 Mill – Mirror
14 Slab milling
15 Circular pocket milling
16 Square pocket Milling
17 Simple drilling
18 Peck drilling
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Numerical Control (NC):
It is the acronym for ‘Numerical Control’. Numerical Control refers to the use of coded numerical information
in the automatic control of equipment. NC can be defined as a kind of programmable automation in which the
process is controlled by numbers, letters & symbols. The numbers letters & symbols are arranged as a ‘program
of instructions’ for a particular job. Such a program is called a part program.
In NC system punched tapes is used to enter program of instruction. The program is entered by punching
holes in different positions. A tape reader is used to read the program of instruction contained in the tape.
Basic Components of an NC System:
An NC system consists of three basic components.

1. Program of instructions
2. Machine control unit
3. Machine tool
Fig.a
Above Figure shows the block diagram of an NC machine. The program of instructions sends commands to
the Machine Control Unit, which in turn controls the machine tool.
The relative movement of the machine tool spindle & worktable is due to the individual slides being operated
by instructions from the part program. Normally, three slides are required in a NC machine tool.
• Longitudinal
• Vertical
• Transverse
The position of tool and direction of movement of each slide is given by the right hand coordinate system.
Here we have three axes X, Y & Z mutually perpendicular to each other.
Position of axes:
• Z axis is located (positioned) along the machine tool spindle.
• The X axis is positioned parallel to the machine worktable and perpendicular to the Z axis.
• The Y axis is perpendicular to both Z & X axis.
Direction of axes: If the movement of the slide is such that the tool moves away from the work piece, the
direction of that slide axis is positive ( + ve). Similarly, if the movement of the slide is such that the tool moves
nearer to or into the work piece, the direction of that slide axis is negative ( - ve).
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Zero points & Reference points:

The accurate position of the machine tool slides with the machine tool is established by the ‘Zero Point’. The
Zero Points may be (a) Machine Zero Point & (b) Work Zero Point.
Machine Zero Point: It is specified by the manufacturer of the machine. This is the zero point for the
coordinate systems and other reference points in the machine.
Work piece Zero Point: Determines the work piece coordinate system in relation to the machine zero point.
This point is chosen by the programmer, and input into the CNC system when setting up the machine. The
position of this point can be freely chosen by the programmer within the work piece envelope of the machine.
Its position is chosen such that the dimensions in the work piece drawing can be conveniently converted into
coordinate values and also to effectively take care about the clamping/chucking, setting up, etc.
Reference Point or Home Position serves for calibrating and controlling the measuring systems of the slides
and tool traverses. The position of the reference point is accurately predetermined in every traverse axis by the
trip dogs and the limit switches. Therefore the reference point coordinates always have the same precisely
known numerical values in relation to the machine zero point. After initiating the control system, the reference
point must always be approached from all axes to calibrate the traverse measuring system.
There were number of problems encountered in using NC system.

➢ Repeated use of tape causes wear and tear and become un- reliable
➢ The tape must be used each time the component is produced
➢ Error during entering a program by punching holes cant be rectified. The tape has to be thrown out and
a new tape has to be prepared.
➢ It does not provide flexibility
COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL SYSTEM (CNC)
The use of computer to perform the basic numerical control fanuc is known as computer numerical control
system (CNC) . it provides high degree of flexibility & computational capability in computer aided
manufacturing (CAM)
ADVANTAGES OF CNC
➢ Part programs are stored in the computer itself.
➢ The part programs can be easily edited.
➢ it is easy to convert program written in one unit to another unit .
➢ Repeated operations can be stored as a sub- routine
➢ Advanced programming ability like mirroring , sub- routine etc
➢ Ability to store tool offset & tool compensation
➢ Greater flexibility in manufacturing
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➢ Improved quality control
CNC Part Program:

It consists of a set of properly arranged sequence of instructions which when executed initiates the
controller to send various signals to different machine tool drives in accordance with the program sequence so as
to perform the desired work/job.
The CNC program (also called as the CNC part program) is made up of number of ‘lines of instructions’. Each
‘line of instruction’ is called a Block. Each Block in turn consists of a few ‘alpha-numeric words’ called as
‘CNC Words’
Figure here shows a sample part program depicting the ‘Blocks’ and ‘CNC Words’.
It may be noted that each Block ends with a semi colon (;) which
indicates the ‘End-of-Block’ (need not always be a semi-colon,
depends upon the type of controller). N00 G00 X0 Y0 ; A Block
N01 M03 M07 ;
Also, it may be noted that each CNC word starts with a Word
Address (upper-case alphabet) followed by a numeric data. N02 G01 Z-2 F30 ;
…………………...;
Such a CNC program format is called ‘Word Address Format’.
…………………...;
…………………...; CNC Words
N25 M05;
N26 M02 M30;
Sample Part Program
CNC Words: The different types of CNC words used in CNC programming are as follows.
a) Sequence Number (N-word): It is used to identify a block.
b) Preparatory function word (G-code): This command prepares the machine controller to follow a
given instruction. E.g. G00 stands for Rapid Movement (point-to-point position)
c) Coordinate Data(X, Y & Z words): These words specify the coordinate position of the cutting tool.
E.g. X15, Y-40, Z-2
Coordinate Data may also contain the I, J & K words which specify the coordinate values of the arc. I,
J & K values are also called as the ‘interpolation parameters’.
d) Arc Radius (R-word): Instead of programming the interpolation parameters (arc-center-coordinates)
I, J & K, the arc radius can be programmed using the R-word.
e) Feed Rate (F-word): These words specify the feed rate of the tool in a machining operation. It is
usually expressed in mm/min. E.g. F30
f) Cutting Speed (S-word): These words specify the cutting speed of the tool/spindle rotation in RPM.
E.g. S1200
g) Tool Selection (T-word): This command is used to access a required tool from a tool turret or an
automatic tool changer. This command is usually used in CNC machines with Automatic Tool
Changing facility. E.g. T10 may specify that a 10 mm drill must be selected from position number 10
of a tool magazine (holder).
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h) Miscellaneous Functions (M-code): These are used to specify certain miscellaneous or auxiliary
functions (coolant on, coolant off, spindle on CW/CCW, spindle stop, etc) available on the given
machine.
Datas required for Part programming
“Part “ means component. “ program” means sequence of steps.
➢ Relative positioning of tool with respect to the work piece (x,y,z co – ordinates)
➢ Preparatory commands ( G codes ) like interpolations
➢ Miscellaneous instructions ( M codes) like spindle ON/OFF , tool change etc
➢ Unit of programming like mm or inch
➢ Method of dimensioning like absolute or relative.
➢ Feed
➢ Depth of cut
➢ Types of tool
➢ Sequence of operations etc.
Dimension System: Dimensional information in the work piece drawing can be stated in 2 methods – Absolute
Dimensioning & Incremental Dimensioning.
In Absolute dimensioning, the coordinate data are taken with respect to a fixed reference point on the work
piece drawing (usually the work piece zero).
In Incremental Dimensioning, the coordinate data are taken with respect to the previous coordinate value. i.e.,
every coordinate programmed will be the origin for the next coordinate to be programmed.
NC Coordinate systems:
Two types of co-ordinate systems are used to define and control the position of the tool in relation to the
work piece. The co-ordinate systems used are
1. Absolute co-ordinate system
2. Incremental co-ordinate system
In the absolute co-ordinate system, the co-ordinates of a point are always referred with reference to the same
datum point. The dimension lines run parallel to the co-ordinate axes and always start at the reference point.
The method is also called ‘Reference Dimensioning’. A major advantage of using absolute system is that, it is
very easy to check and correct a program using this method.
In the incremental system, the co-ordinates of any point are calculated with reference to the previous point.
The point at which the cutting tool is positioned is taken as datum point for calculating the co-ordinates of the
next point to which the movements is to be made. It is difficult to check a part programme written in
incremental dimension mode.
CNC LATHE
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Dimensional Notations used in CNC lathe are:
1. Absolute Dimensioning – X & Z are used.

2. Incremental Dimensioning – U & W are used.
ABSOLUTE INCREMENTAL
Point
X Z U W
Note: P1 10 0 10 0
P2 10 -25 0 -25
P3 12.5 -25 5 0
P4 12.5 -55 0 -30
P5 15 -55 5 0
P6 15 -80 0 -25
Incremental program is easy to program but tedious to change values in between. Error committed in any block
is carried over to the consecutive blocks. Whereas, absolute programming is a bit inconvenient as all
coordinates are measured from a fixed point. Error committed in any block will affect only that block.
Consecutive blocks are not affected.
R
Zero points & Reference points on a CNC lathe:
X
Max
X
W Z
M (0,0)
Max Z
Prepared by: vijai.R

M : Machine Zero Point On: 01.08.2019
W : Work pieceSri(Program)
Sairam College of Engineering Anekal.
Zero Point Page |
R : Reference point OR Home Position. 8
15MEL77
Above figure shows the location and the relationship between Zero Points & Reference Point on a CNC lathe.
G CODES FOR TURNING

G00 - Rapid traverse
G01 - linear interpolation (feed)
G02 - circular interpolation (clockwise)
G03 - circular interpolation ( counter clockwise)
G04 – dwell
G20 – inch data input
G21 – metric data input
G28- reference position return
G33- thread cutting
G40- TNRC CANCEL
G41- TNRC LEFT
G42 – TNRC RIGHT
G70 – finishing cycle
G71 – stock removal in turning (multiple turning)
G72 – stock removal in facing (multiple facing Or BOX facing)
G75 – multiple grooving in x- axis
G76 – multiple thread cutting cycle
G81 – grooving cycle
G90- cutting cycle (box turning cycle)
G90- cutting cycle (taper turning cycle)
G92 – Box thread cutting cycle
G98 – feed per minute
G99 - feed per revolution
XL- TURN MACHINE
M CODES FOR TURNING
M00 - program stop

M01- optional stop
M02- program end
M03 – spindle rotation cw
M04 – spindle rotation ccw
M05- spindle stop
M06- tool selection
M08- coolant on
M09- coolant off
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M10- Chuck open

M11- Chuck close
M38- Door open
M39 – Door close
M62- output 1 on
M63 – output 2 on
M64- output 1 off
M65 - output 1 off
M66 – wait input 1 on
M67 – wait input 2 on
M76 - wait input 1 off
M77 - wait input 1 off
M30- Program end and reset to start
M98- sub program call
M99- Sub program end
Advantages of CNC machines

✓ Higher flexibility
✓ Increased productivity
✓ Consistent quality
✓ Reduced scrap rate
✓ Reliable operation
✓ Reduced man power
✓ Shorter cycle time
✓ Higher accuracy
✓ Automatic material handling
✓ Machining of advanced materials
✓ Increased operational safety
Disadvantages of CNC machines

✓ Higher investment cost
✓ Higher maintenance cost
✓ Required skilled person to operate CNC machines
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EXPERIMENT NO 1
SIMPLE STEP TURNING
Write a programme for SIMPLE STEP TURNING operation in the given sketch and show the
simulation using simulation software. Billet size (X35 Z60).
Ø 30
Ø 35
Ø 25
20
40
80
O1001 (SIMPLE STEP TURN)

(BILLET X35 Z80)
G21 G98 (Metric input) (feed per min)

G28 U0W0 (home position)
M06 T0101 (tool selection)
M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise , speed 1200)
N10 G00 X34 Z1

N20 G01 X34 Z-40 F30 (turning 34 for length 40)
N30 G01 X35 Z-40
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N40 G00 X35 Z1
N60 G00 X32 Z1

N80 G01 X35 Z-40
N90 G00 X35 Z1
N100 G00 X30 Z1

N120 G01 X35 Z-40
N130 G00 X35 Z1
N140 G00 X28 Z1

N150 G01 X28 Z-20 F30 (turning 28for length 20)
N160 G01 X30 Z-20
N170 G00 X30 Z1
N180 G00 X26 Z1

N200 G01 X30 Z-20
N210 G00 X30 Z1
N220 G00 X25 Z1

N 230 G01 X25 Z-20 F30 (turning 25 for length 20)
N 240 G01 X30 Z-20
N250 G00 X30 Z1
G28 U0 W0 (RETURN TO HOME)

M05 (Spindle stop)
M30 (program restart)
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 2
BOX TURNING
Write a part programme for a STEP TURNING operation in the given sketch Using BOX TURNING
CYCLE and show the simulation using simulation software. Billet size (X34 Z60).
Ø 28
Ø 16
10
34
Ø
Ø
10
22
40
G90-box turn cycle

R Tool Entry
Point
SYNTAX:
G90 X…..Z……F……. F R
Where, F
X is the diameter to which movement is being made
Z is the Z axis coordinate to which the movement is being made
F is the feed rate being used
O1002 (BOX TURN)

(Billet x34 z60)
G21 G98 (Metric input) (feed per min)
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M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise , speed 1200)
G00 X34 Z1
G90 X34 Z-40 F30 (calling turning cycle)
X33 (turning 33 for length 40)
X32 (turning - 32 for length 40)
X31 (turning -31 for length 40)
X28 (turning - 28for length 40)
G90 X27 Z-22 (turning - 27 for length 22)

X26
X25
X24
X23
X22
X21
X20
X19
X18
X17
G90 X15 Z-10 (turning -15 for length 10)

X14
X13
X12
X11
G28 U0 W0 (RETURN TO HOME)

M05 (Spindle stop)
M30 (program stop and rewind)
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 3
Write a part programme for a FACING operation in the given sketch Using BOX FACING CYCLE and
show the simulation using simulation software. Billet size (X30 Z70).
2.5 2.5
O1001 Tool Entry point
R
([BILLET X30 Z70)
G21 G98  30
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0101
M03 S1200 F R
G00 X31 Z0  20
G94 X10 Z-0.5 F30
Z-1
Z-1.5  10
Z-2
Z-2.5 F
X20 Z-3
Z-3.5
Z-4
Z-4.5
Z-5
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 4
Write a part programme for a TAPER TURNING operation in the given sketch USING TAPER
TURNING CYCLE (R -ve)” and show the simulation using simulation software.
Billet size (X30 Z60).
Taper Turning Cycle (G90 Cycle):
The taper turning operation shown in figure below can be performed by the standard “G90 Taper Turning
Cycle”. Its syntax is:
G90 X….Z….R…..F…..
Where,
X is the diameter to which the movement is being made.
Z is the Z axis coordinate to which the movement is being made.
R is the difference in incremental of the cut start radius value and the cut finish radius value.
 30
 25
O1004 10
G21 G98
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0101
M03 S1200
G00 X30 Z1 Tool Entry point
G90 X30 Z-10 R0 F50 [(30-30)/2 = 0]

X30 R-0.5 [(29-30)/2 = -0.5]
X30 R-1 [(28-30)/2 = -1]
X30 R-1.5 [(27-30)/2 = -1.5]
X30 R-2 [(26-30)/2 = -2]
X30 R-2.5 [(25-30)/2 = -2.5]
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G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
Result :
EXPERIMENT NO 5
Write a part programme for a TAPER TURNING operation in the given sketch USING TAPER
TURNING CYCLE (R +ve)” and show the simulation using simulation software.
O1005
G21 G98
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0101  30
M03 S1200
 25
10
G90 X30 Z-10 R0 F50 [(30-30)/2 = 0]
X29 R0.5 [(30-29)/2 = 0.5]
Tool Exit
X28 R1 [(30-28)/2 = 1] Tool Entry
Point
X27 R1.5 [(30-27)/2 = 1.5] Point
X26 R2 [(30-26)/2 = 2]
X29
X25 R2.5 [(30-25)/2 = 2.5]
X28
G28 U0 W0
M05 X27
M30
X26
X25
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Result :
EXPERIMENT NO 6
Write a part programme for a TURNING operation in the given sketch Using MULTIPLE TURNING
CYCLE and show the simulation using simulation software.
R8
R8
40
Ø 28
Ø10
Ø18
Ø
10 8
20 8 12 10 12 10
G71- MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLE
G71 Un1 Rn2

G71 Pn3 Qn4 Un5 Wn6 F_ S_ T_
n1- depth of cut

n2 – retract amount
n3- block no for starting of the operation
n4- block no for end of the operation
n5- finishing allowance in x axis
n6- finishing allowance in z axis
F- Feed
S- speed
T-Tool
G70- Finish turning cycle

Syntax
G70 P n3 Q n4 F_
POSITION X Z
1 0 0
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2 12 -10
3 12 -22
4 20 -32
5 20 -40
6 30 -52
7 30 -60
8 42 -70
O1005 (MULTIPLE TURN)

(BILLET X42 Z80)
N10 G21 G98 (metric input) (feed/min)
N15 G28 U0 W0 (home position)
N20 M06 T0101 (tool selection)
N25 M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise rotation, speed 1200)
N30 G00 X42 Z1
N35 G71 U.5 R1

N40 G71 P45 Q85 U0.5 W0 F30 S1200 T0101
N45 G01 X0 F30

N50 G01 Z0 (POSITION -1)
N55 G01 X12 Z-10 (Moving to position 2)
N65 G03 X20 Z-32 R8 (Moving to position 4-circular intrpl-R8mm)
N85 G02 X42 Z-70 R8 (Moving to position 8- circular intrpl-R8mm)
G70 P45 Q85 (FINISH TURNING)
G28 U0W0 (Return to ref point)

M05 (spindle stop)
M30 (prog stop and restart)
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EXPERIMENT NO 7
Write a part programme for a TURNING operation in the given sketch Using MULTIPLE TURNING
P10
P9
 24
 30  28 P8
P7 R8
P6 P5
O1006  22
G21 G98 R8
G28 U0 W0  17 P4
M06 T0101
 14 P3 P2
M03 S1200 P1
9
G71 U0.5 R1 7
G71 P1 Q10 U0.5 W0.5 F50 5 7 5 5 7 13 2
N1 G01 X7
N2 X9 Z-2
N3 Z-15
N4 G02 X14 Z-22 R8
N5 G01 X17 Z-27 POINT X Z
N6 Z-32 P1 7 0
N7 G03 X22 Z-39 R8 P2 9 -2
N8 G01 X24
N9 X28 Z-44 P3 9 -15
N10 X30 P4 14 -22
G70 P1 Q10 F50 P5 17 -27
G28 U0 W0
P6 17 -32
M05
M30 P7 22 -39
P8 24 -39
P9 28 -44
P10 30 -44
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RESULT:
GROOVING
EXPERIMENT NO 8
Write a part programme for a GROOVING operation in the given sketch Using GROOVING CYCLE
and show the simulation using simulation software. Billet size (X32 Z80).
Ø20
Ø32
20 12 30
G75- GROOVING CYCLE

Syntax
G75 R_
G75 X_ Z_ P_ Q _ F_
R- Retract amount
X, Z – CO-ordinates
P- step increment along x-axis in microns
Q- step increment along z-axis in microns
F- feed rate
O1007 (GROOVING)
(BILLET X32 Z62)
G21 G98 G40 (metric input) (feed/min)
G28 U0W0 (Home position)
M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise,speed 1200)
G00 X35 Z-33 (positioning of grooving tool)(Cutting width 3MM)

G75 R1 (Calling GROOVING CYCLE, Tool Retract 1 MM)
G75 X20 Z-42 P1000 Q 1000 F30 (Grooving upto Dia-20MM, Length 12 MM)
G28 U0W0 (Return to ref point)

M05 (spindle stop)
M30 (prog stop and restart)
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RESULT:
THREADING
EXPERIMENT NO 9
Write a part programme for a THREADING operation in the given sketch and show the simulation
using simulation software. Billet size (X42 Z80).
M12
Ø20
25 5 40
G90-box turn cycle

syntex
G90 X_ Z_ F_ (calling turning cycle)
X_ (turning - for length_ )
X_ (turning - for length _)
X_
G92- THREADING
Syntax
G92 X _ Z _ F_
X,Z –CO-ordinates
F- pitch of the thread
In the above sketch , the Pitch of the thread is given as 1.75 mm,
Calculation for the height of the thread
P= 0.613*F
= 0.613*1.75
=1.074
Core dia= D-2P
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=12-(2*1.074)
= 9.853
O1009
(BILLET X20 Z70)
G21 G98 (Metric input) (feed/min)
M06 T0303 (tool selection- turning)
M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise rotation speed 1200)
N10 G00 X20 Z1

N20 G90 X20 Z-45 F30 ( BOX TURNING CYCLE)
N30 X19
N40 X18
N50 X17
N60 X16
N70 X15
N80 X14
N90 X13
N100 X12
G28 U0 W0 (return to home)

M06 T0808 (tool change- THREADING)
M03 S200 (Spindle rotation clockwise speed 200)
G00 X12 Z2
G92 X12 Z-40 F1.75 (BOX THREADING CYCLE)
X11.8
X11.6
X11.4
X11.2
X10.8
X10.4
X10.2
X10
X9.83
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
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RESULT:
EXPERIMENT NO 10
Write a part programme for a DRILLING operation in Lathe the given sketch USING PECK
DRILLING OPERATION and show the simulation using simulation software.
O1001(LATHE PECK DRILLING)

(X32 Z60)
G21 G98
G28 U0W0
M06 T0101
M03 S1200
G00 X0 Z2
G74 R1
G74 x0 Z-5 Q500 F20
G28 U0W0
M06 T0202
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Z2
G74 R1
G74 X0 Z-35 Q500 F20
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0303
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Z2
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G74 R1
G74 X0 Z-35 Q500 F20
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
RESULT:
EXPERIMENT NO 11
Write a part programme for a DRILLING operation in Lathe the given sketch PECK DRILLING
USING AND STEP BORING OPERATION and show the simulation using simulation software. Billet
size (X32 Z60).
O1102
(X32 Z60)
G21 G98
G28 U0W0
M06 T0101
M03 S1200
G00 X0 Z2
G74 R1
G74 Z-5 Q500 F20
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0202
M03 S800
G00 X0 Z2
G74 R1
G74 X0 Z-35 Q500 F20
G28 U0 W0
M06 T0303
M03 S1200
G00 X12 Z2
G90 X12 Z-30 F20
X13
X14
X15
X16 Z-20
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X17
X18
X19
X20
G28 U0W0
M05
M30
RESULT:
EXPERIMENT NO 12
Write a part program using (ABSOLUTE co-ordinate system) for the given part drawing and show the
simulation using simulation software. (BILLET X100 Y100 Z10)
85
0
R1
85
45
R1
10 10 45 10 10 0
SL.NO X Y
1 20 10
2 65 10
3 75 20
4 75 65
5 65 75
6 20 75
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7 10 65
8 10 20
O1012
(BILLET X100 Y100 Y 100 Z10)
N010 G21 G90 G94 (Input in mm) (absolute) (feed mm/min)
N20 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N030 M06 T01 (Tool Selection)
N040 M03 S1500 (Spindle rotation speed selection)
N050 G40 (TNRC Cancel)
N060 G00 X20 Y10 Z2 (PROG REF POINT)
N070 G00 X20 Y10

N080 G01 Z -5 F30
N090 G01 X65 Y10 F30
N100 G02 X75 Y20 R 10 F25 ( CW CIRCULAR )
N110 G01 X75 Y65 F30
N120 G03 X65 Y75 R10 F30 (CCW CIRCULAR)
N130 G01 X20 Y75 F30
N140 G02 X10 Y65 R10 F30 (CW CIRCULAR)
N150 G01 X10 Y20 F30
N160 G02 X20 Y10 R10 F30
N170 G00 Z2
N180 G40 (TNRC CANCEL)
N190 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 (RETURN TO HOME )
N310 M05 (SPINDLE STOP)
N320 M30 ( PROG END AND REWIND)
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RESULT:
EXPERIMENT NO 13
Write a part program for the given part drawing and show the simulation using simulation software.
(BILLET X100 Y100 Z10)
10
20
20
100
50
100
O1236
(Billet X100 Y100 Z10)
G21 G94 (inch ) (feed per min)
G28 X0 Y0 Z0 (reference point)
G090 (absolute)
M03 S500 ( spindle rotation cw speed 500)
M98 P1515 (sub program call, prog no 1515)
M70 (x-mirror on)

M98 P1515 (sub – prog call)
M80 (x-mirror off)
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M71 (y-mirror on)

M98 P1515(sub prog-call)
M81 (y mirror off)
M70 M71 (X-Mirror, Y – Mirror On)

M98 P1515 (sub – prog call)
M80 M81 (X-mirror, Y-mirror off)
G28 X0 Y0 Z0
M05 (spindle stop)
M30 (prog stop and rewind)
(SUB PROGRAM)
O1515
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
G00 X10 Y10
G01 Z-1 F30
G01 X30 Y10
G01 X10 Y30
G01 X10 Y10
G01 Z5
G00 X0 Y0
M99
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 14
Slab Milling
Write a part program to perform the square slab milling operation on a work piece of dimensions
100mm100mm10 mm. The slab’s dimension is 64mm64mm6mm and is located at the centre of the
work piece. Use a cutter diameter of 10 mm. Take program zero at the left bottom end of the work piece.
64 mm 6 mm
10 mm
100 mm
64 mm
100 mm
O1122
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
G90
M06 T0100
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Y0 Z5
G01 Z0 F30
M98 P0063456
G01 Z5
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G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
G90
M05 M30
O3456
G91 G01 Z-1 F30
G90
G01 X100 Y0
X100 Y100
X0 Y100
X0 Y0
X5 Y5
X95 Y5
X95 Y95
X5 Y95
X5 Y5
X10 Y10
X90 Y10
X90 Y90
X10 Y90
X10 Y10
G42 G01 X18 Y18

X82 Y18
X82 Y82
X18 Y82
X18 Y18
X50 Y18
X50 Y10
G40
G01 X0 Y0
M99
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 15
Circular Pocket Milling

MP 4.Write a part program to perform the Circular Pocket Milling operation on a work piece of dimensions
100mm100mm10 mm. The pocket’s dimension is R376mm depth and is located at the centre of the work
piece. Use a cutter diameter of 10 mm. Take program zero at the top face center of the work piece.
O1123
G21 G94
G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
G90
M06 T0100
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Y0 Z5
G01 Z0 F30
M98 P0065973
G01 Z5
G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
G90
M05
M30
%
O5973
G91 G01 Z-1 F30
G90
G01 X5 Y0
G03 X-5 Y0 R5
X5 Y0 R5
G01 X10 Y0
G03 X-10 Y0 R10
X10 Y0 R10
G01 X15 Y0
G03 X-15 Y0 R15
X15 Y0 R15
G01 X20 Y0
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G03 X-20 Y0 R20

X20 Y0 R20
G01 X25 Y0
G03 X-25 Y0 R25
X25 Y0 R25
G01 X30 Y0
G03 X-30 Y0 R30
X30 Y0 R30
G41 G01 X37 Y0

G03 X-37 Y0 R37
X37 Y0 R37
X0 Y37 R37
G01 X0 Y25
G40
G01 X0 Y0
M99
RESULT:
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EXPERIMENT NO 16
Square Pocket Milling

Write a part program to perform the Square Pocket Milling operation on a work piece of dimensions
100mm100mm10 mm. The pocket’s dimension is 57mm57mm8mm and is located at the centre of the
work piece. Use a cutter diameter of 10 mm. Take program zero at the top face center of the work piece
57 mm 8 mm
O1124
G21 G94 10
G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 mm
G90
M06 T01
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Y0 Z5
100 mm
57 mm
G01 Z0 F30
M98 P0087061
G01 Z5
G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
G90
M05
M30 100mm
%
O7061
G91 G01 Z-1 F30
G90
G01 X5 Y0
X5 Y5
X-5 Y5
X-5 Y-5
X5 Y-5
X5 Y0
X10 Y0
X10 Y10
X-10 Y10
X-10 Y-10
X10 Y-10
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X10 Y0
X15 Y0
X15 Y15
X-15 Y15
X-15 Y-15
X15 Y-15
X15 Y0
G41 G01 X21.5 Y0
X21.5 Y21.5
X-21.5 Y21.5
X-21.5 Y-21.5
X21.5 Y-21.5
X21.5 Y10
X15 Y10
G40
G01 X0 Y0
M99
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EXPERIMENT NO 17
Write a part program for the given part drawing and show the simulation using simulation software.
(BILLET X100 Y100 Z10).
75
50
25
O
10
100
75
50
25
100
G81- DRILLING CYCLE
SYNTAX
G81 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_
X,Y- CO-ordinates
Z- Final depth
R- Safe height / retract height
F- feed
O1234
N10 G90 G21 G94
N20 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 (TOOL SELECTION)
N25 M06 T01
N30 M03 S800
N35 G00 X0 Y0 Z2
N40 G81 X25 Y25 Z-5 R2 F30 (HOLE 1) (depth 15 –through hole)
N50 X75 Y25 (HOLE 2)
N60 X75 Y75 (HOLE 3)
N70 X25 Y75 (HOLE 4)
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N80 X50 Y50 (HOLE 5)

N90 G80 (CANCEL DRILLING CYCLE)
N100 G00 Z2
N110 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N120 M30
Result
EXPERIMENT NO 18
Write a part program for the given part drawing USING PECK DRILLING CYCLE & BORING
Ø20
Ø10 15
30
50
100
10
O
100
50
O
20
100
G83- PECK DRILLING CYCLE
SYNTAX
G83 Z_ R_ Q_ F_
Z – Final depth
R- safe height
Q- no of pecks
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F- feed rate
G86- BORING CYCLE
SYNTAX
G86 Z_ R_ F_
Z – Final depth
R- safe height
F- feed rate
O1235
(BILLET X100 Y100 Z25 )
N10 G90 G21 G94
N20 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N30 M06 T01 (Tool Selection)
N40 M03 S1500 (ccw spindle rotation ) (spindle speed)
N50 G94 F200 (feed per min)
N55 G00 X0 Y0 Z2
N60 G83 X50 Y50 Z-30 R1 Q5 F30 (DRILLING CYCLE, 30/5 NO OF PECKS)
N70 G80 (CANNED CYCLE cancel)
N80 Z2
N90 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 (RETURN TO HOME )
N100 M06 T02 ( SECOND TOOL SELECTED-BORING)

N110 G86 X50 Y50 Z-15 R5 F30 (BORING CYCLE)
N120 G80 (CANNED CYCLE cancel)
N130 Z5
N140 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 (RETURN TO HOME POSITION)
N150 M30
Result
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PART – B
FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System)
In the current business scenario the competitiveness of any manufacturing industry is determined by its ability
to respond quickly to the rapidly changing market and to produce high quality products at low costs. However, the
product cost is no longer the predominant factor affecting the manufacturers’ perception. Other competitive factors
such as flexibility, quality, efficient delivery and customer satisfaction are drawing the equal attention. Manufacturing
industries are striving to achieve these capabilities through automation, robotics and other innovative concepts such
as just-in-time (JIT), Production planning and control (PPC), enterprise resource planning (ERP) etc.
Flexible manufacturing is a concept that allows manufacturing systems to be built under high customized
production requirements. The issues such as reduction of inventories and market-response time to meet customer
demands, flexibility to adapt to changes in the market, reducing the cost of products and services to grab more market
shares, etc have made it almost obligatory to many firms to switch over to flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) as a
viable means to accomplish the above requirements while producing consistently good quality and cost effective
products.
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FMS is actually an automated set of numerically controlled machine tools and material handling systems,
capable of performing a wide range manufacturing operations with quick tooling and instruction changeovers.
A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) has four or more processing workstations connected mechanically by
a common part handling system and electronically by a distributed computer system. It covers a wide spectrum of
manufacturing activities such as machining, sheet metal working, welding, fabricating, scheduling and assembly.
TYPES OF FMS:
I.DEPENDING UPON KINDS OF OPERATION
I.Processing operation.
II. Assembly operation.
2.DEPENDING UPON NUMBER OF MACHINES
1.single machine cell (SMC).
2. Flexible manufacturing cell (FMC).
3. A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS).
3.DEPENDING UPON LEVEL OF FLEXIBILITY
1.Dedicated FMS.
2.Random order FMS.
Basic features of Physical components of an FMS are

1. Numerical control machine tools.
Machine tools are considered to be the major building blocks of an FMS as they determine the
degree of flexibility and capabilities of the FMS. Some of the features of machine tools are described
below;
• The majority of FMSs use horizontal and vertical spindle machines. However, machining centers
with vertical spindle machines have lesser flexibility than horizontal machining centers.
• Machining centers have numerical control on movements made in all directions e.g. spindle
movement in x, y, and z directions, rotation of tables, tilting of table etc to ensure the high flexibility.
• The machining centers are able to perform a wide variety of operations e.g. turning, drilling,
contouring etc. They consist of the pallet exchangers interfacing with material handling devices that
carry the pallets within and between machining centers as well as automated storage and retrieval
systems.
2. Work holding and tooling considerations.
It includes pallets/fixtures, tool changers, tool identification systems, coolant, and chip removal
systems.
It has the following features:
• Before machining is started on the parts, they are mounted on fixtures. So, fixtures must be
designed in a way, to minimize part-handling time. Modular fixturing has come up as an
attractive method to fixture a variety of parts quickly.
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• The use of automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS) and material handling systems such
as AGVs, lead to high usage of fixtures.
• All the machining centers are well equipped with tool storage systems called tool magazines.
Duplication of the most often used tools in the tool magazines is allowed to ensure the least non-
operational time. Moreover, employment of quick tool changers, tool regrinders and provision
of spares also help for the same.
3. Material-Handling Equipments
The material-handling equipments used in flexible manufacturing systems include robots,

conveyers, automated guided vehicle systems, monorails and other rail guided vehicles, and other
specially designed vehicles.
There important features are:
• They are integrated with the machine centers and the storage and retrieval systems.
• For prismatic part material handling systems are accompanied with modular pallet fixtures.
For rotational parts industrial robots are used to load/unload the turning machine and to move
parts between stations.
• The handling system must be capable of being controlled directly by the computer system
to direct it the various work station, load/unload stations and storage area.
4. Inspection equipment
It includes coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) used for offline inspection and
programmed to measure dimensions, concentricity, perpendicularity, and flatness of surfaces.
The distinguishing feature of this equipment is that it is well integrated with the machining
centers.
5. Other components
• It includes a central coolant and efficient chip separation system. Their features are:
The system must be capable of recovering the coolant.
• The combination of parts, fixtures, and pallets must be cleaned properly to remove
dirt and chips before operation and inspection.
The benefits that can be expected form an FMS include:
➢ Higher machine utilization compared to a conventional machine shop due to:
➢ Better work handling
➢ Off-line setups
➢ Improved scheduling
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➢ Fewer machines required
➢ Reduction in factory floor space required
➢ Reduced WIP due to continuous production rather than batch production
➢ Lower MLT
➢ Reduced direct labor requirements and higher labor productivity
➢ Opportunity for unattended production
➢ Greater flexibility in production scheduling
Storage Systems
Conventional Storage Equipment
–Shelving and Bins:
•A shelf is a horizontal platform. Supported by a wall or frame. on which materials are stored. –
Drawer Storage:
Automated storage systems divide into two general types:
1.Conventional Storage Equipment–2. Automated Storage Systems:
Equipment above require human worker Mechanized and automated storage systems are
available that reduce or eliminate the amount of human intervention.
Automated storage systems divide into two general types:

•Automated storage/retrieval systems (AS/RS)
•Carousel storage systems
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INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS
Definition of an industrial robot by The International Standard Organization (ISO)
A robot is an
–Automatically controlled
–Reprogrammable
–Multipurpose
–Manipulating
Machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial
applications
Reprogrammable implies
–The robot’s motion is controlled by a written program
–The program can be modified to change the motion of the robot arm significantly.
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Multipurpose implies
–A robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.
Main components of an industrial robot:
–Manipulator and end-effectors
–Controller
–Programmer’s terminal
COMMON BODY-ARM CONFIGURATIONS

–Polar configuration: Two rotational, one prismatic joint (RRP). Work envelope is a
sphere.
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–Cylindrical configuration: One rotational, two prismatic joint (RPP). Work envelope is a
cylinder.
Cartesian configuration: Three prismatic joint (PPP). Work envelope is a rectangular prism.
Jointed-arm robot: Resembles human arm (RRR).
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SCARA (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm) robot:

Two rotational, one prismatic joint (RRP). Rigid in vertical axis.
Common wrist configuration

–Wrist establishes the orientation of the end effector.
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Robotics Applications of Industrial Robotics
Primarily, perform tasks that pose a risk to human, or unpleasant or difficult for human to perform. Example:
–Handling potentially hazardous materials in chemistry labs.
–Loading and unloading a heavy load press.
Common areas in manufacturing
➢ –Press loading and unloading
➢ –Machine tool loading and unloading
➢ –Welding
➢ –Spray painting
–Assembly
Welding
➢ –Requires high degree of precision.
➢ –Tool center point should precisely follow a welding line.
➢ –Extensively used in automotive for spot welding.
➢ –Pressure to be controlled in spot welding, gap to be controlled in arc welding.
Spray Painting
➢ –Spray gun as the end effector.
➢ –Distance from the surface and the speed should be precisely controlled
Selection criteria
➢ –Work envelope: All machines should be located withing the work envelope of the robot. Work
envelope can be extended using peripheral devices (slidebase etc.).
➢ –Payload: defined as the weight that can be carried by the robot in its work envelope. Weight of the
robot itself is included in payload.
➢ –Degrees of freedom: Determines the complexity of the task that canbe performed by the robot.
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➢ –Resolution, Precision, Repeatability: Measure of deviation of with which the robot places its end
effector at via points.
➢ –Coordination and syncronization with peripherals: Robots are utilized in cells involving different
equipment. Robots must communicate with these devices (inputs and outputs)
ART – C
HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATICS
The word ‘Pneuma’ means breath or air . Pneumatics is application of compressed air in automation. In
Pneumatic control, compressed air is used as the working medium, normally at a pressure from 6 bar to 8
bar. Using Pneumatic Control, maximum force up to 50 kN can be developed. Actuation of the controls can
be manual, Pneumatic or Electrical actuation. Signal medium such as compressed air at pressure of 1-2 bar
can be used [Pilot operated Pneumatics] or Electrical signals [ D.C or A.C source- 24V – 230V ] can be used
[Electro pneumatics]
1.1 Characteristics of Compressed Air
The following characteristics of Compressed air speak for the application of Pneumatics
•Abundance of supply of air
•Transportation
•Storage
•Temperature
•Explosion Proof
•Cleanliness
•Speed
•Regulation
•Overload Proof
1.2 Selection Criteria for Pneumatic Control System
•Stroke
•Force
•Type of motion [Linear or Angular motion]
•Speed
•Size
•Service
•Sensitivity
•Safety and Reliability
•Energy Cost
•Controllability
•Handling
•Storage
1.3 Advantages of Pneumatic Control
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•Unlimited Supply
•Storage
•Easily Transportable
•Clean
•Explosion Proof
•Controllable (Speed, Force)
•Overload Safe
•Speed of Working Elements
Disadvantages
•Cost
•Preparation
•Noise Pollution
•Limited Range of Force (only economical up to 25 kN)
1.4 General Applications of Pneumatic Control
•Clamping
•Shifting
• Metering
•Orienting
•Feeding
•Ejection
•Braking •Bonding
•Locking
•Packaging
•Feeding
•Door or Chute Control
•Transfer of Material
•Turning or Inverting of Parts
•Sorting of Parts
•Stacking of Components
•Stamping and Embossing of components
1.5 Applications in Manufacturing
•Drilling Operation
•Turning
•Milling
•Sawing
•Finishing
•Forming
•Quality Control
1.6 Structure of Pneumatic Control System
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Figure 1.1 Structure of Pneumatic Control System
A typical Pneumatic control system comprises of the above groups of components. In direct actuation
controls signal processing group is not required. In electro pneumatic
Control signal processing can be carried out using combination of relays and contractors or using PLC. The
final control valves are solenoid actuated in the case of electro pneumatic controls
Control components in Hydraulic system

One of the most important functions in any fluid power system is control. If control components are not
properly selected, the entire system will fail to deliver the required output. Elements for the control of energy
and other control in fluid power system are generally called “Valves”. It is important to know the primary
function and operation of the various types of control components. This type of knowledge is not only
required for a good functioning system, but it also leads to the discovery of innovative ways to improve a
fluid power system for a given application
The selection of these control components not only involves the type, but also the size, the actuating
method and remote control capability. There are 3 basic types of valves.
1. Directional control valves
2. Pressure control valves
3. Flow control valves.
Directional control valves are essentially used for distribution of energy in a fluid power system. They
establish the path through which a fluid traverses a given circuit. For example they control the direction of
motion of a hydraulic cylinder or motor. These valves are used to control the start, stop and change in direction
of flow of pressurized fluid.
Pressure may gradually buildup due to decrease in fluid demand or due to sudden surge as valves opens or
closes. Pressure control valves protect the system against such overpressure. Pressure relief valve, pressure
reducing, sequence, unloading and counterbalance valve are different types of pressure control valves.
In addition, fluid flow rate must be controlled in various lines of a hydraulic circuit. For example, the
control of actuator speeds depends on flow rates. This type of control is accomplished through the use of flow
control valves.
Directional control valves
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As the name implies directional control valves are used to control the direction of flow in a hydraulic
circuit. They are used to extend, retract, position or reciprocate hydraulic cylinder and other components for
linear motion. Valves contains ports that are external openings for fluid to enter and leave via connecting
pipelines, The number of ports on a directional control valve (DCV ) is usually identified by the term “ way”.
For example, a valve with four ports is named as four-way valve.
Directional control valves can be classified in a number of ways:
1. According to type of construction :
• Poppet valves
• Spool valves
2. According to number of working ports :
• Two- way valves
• Three – way valves
• Four- way valves.
3. According to number of Switching position:
• Two – position
• Three - position
4. According to Actuating mechanism:
• Manual actuation
• Mechanical actuation
• Solenoid ( Electrical ) actuation
• Hydraulic ( Pilot ) actuation
• Pneumatic actuation
• Indirect actuation
The designation of the directional control valve refers to the number of working ports and the number
of switching positions.
Thus a valve with 2 service ports and 2 switching positions is designated as 2 / 2 way valve.
A
P
Fig 4.1. 2 /2 valve symbol
A valve with 3 service ports and 2 position is designated as 2 / 3 way valve.

A
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P T
Fig 4.2. 2 / 3 valve symbol
A valve with 4 service ports and 2 position is designated as 2 / 4 valve.

A B
P T
Fig 4.3. 2 / 4 valve symbol
A valve with 4 Service ports and 3 Switching position is designated as 3 / 4 way valve. Fig 4 shows an
example of open centered position.
A B
P T
Fig 4.4. 3/ 4 valve symbol :
Spool positions as well as their corresponding actuating elements are labeled with numbers 1, 2 as
shown in figure 5. A valve with 2 spool position is shown and also a valve with 3 spool positions. In
directional control valves with 3 spool position, the central position is the neutral position ( or mid position
or zero or null position ).
The neutral position is the position in which the moving parts are assumed to be inactive, but affected
by a force (e.g. spring )
The ports are designated as follows:
P = Pressure Port ( Pump Port )
T = Tank Port
A , B = User Ports
1 2 1 0 2
2- Position valve 3- Position valve

Fig 4.5. Basic symbol for directional control valves
Observe that the graphical symbol shows only one tank port T even though the physical design
may have two since it is only concerned with the function of a component and not its internal design. The
tank port is the port of the valve that is piped back to the hydraulic oil tank. Therefore, each tank port provides
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the same function. The spool valve working ports are inlet from the pump, outlets to the cylinder, and exhaust
to tank. These ports are generally identified as follows : P = pressure ; A or B = actuator and T = tank.
53

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Computer integrated Manufacturing lab –

Regulation – 2017 (CBCS Scheme)

Sri Sairam college of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

NAME OF THE STUDENT : ------------------------------------------

UNIVERSITY SEAT NO : -----------------------------------------

Lab- Assistant Lab- incharge

COMPTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING LAB

Course Code Credits L-T-P Assesment Exam

(Only for Demo/Viva voce)

C01 Demonstrate the usage of CAM software

Scheme for Examination:

Expt. no Topics Page no

Numerical Control (NC):

An NC system consists of three basic components.

Zero points & Reference points:

There were number of problems encountered in using NC system.

COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL SYSTEM (CNC)

➢ Part programs are stored in the computer itself.

➢ The part programs can be easily edited.

➢ it is easy to convert program written in one unit to another unit .

➢ Repeated operations can be stored as a sub- routine

➢ Advanced programming ability like mirroring , sub- routine etc

➢ Ability to store tool offset & tool compensation

➢ Greater flexibility in manufacturing

➢ Improved quality control

CNC Part Program:

Datas required for Part programming

“Part “ means component. “ program” means sequence of steps.

Dimensional Notations used in CNC lathe are:

1. Absolute Dimensioning – X & Z are used.

Prepared by: vijai.R

G CODES FOR TURNING

XL- TURN MACHINE

M CODES FOR TURNING

M00 - program stop

M10- Chuck open

Advantages of CNC machines

Disadvantages of CNC machines

O1001 (SIMPLE STEP TURN)

G21 G98 (Metric input) (feed per min)

N10 G00 X34 Z1

N40 G00 X35 Z1

N60 G00 X32 Z1

N100 G00 X30 Z1

N140 G00 X28 Z1

N180 G00 X26 Z1

N220 G00 X25 Z1

G28 U0 W0 (RETURN TO HOME)

G90-box turn cycle

O1002 (BOX TURN)

M03 S1200 (spindle clockwise , speed 1200)

G90 X27 Z-22 (turning - 27 for length 22)

G90 X15 Z-10 (turning -15 for length 10)

G28 U0 W0 (RETURN TO HOME)

Taper Turning Cycle (G90 Cycle):

G90 X30 Z-10 R0 F50 [(30-30)/2 = 0]

G71- MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLE

G71 Un1 Rn2

n1- depth of cut

G70- Finish turning cycle

O1005 (MULTIPLE TURN)

N30 G00 X42 Z1

N35 G71 U.5 R1