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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study

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IMPACT OF NON-PRACTICAL LEARNING ON COMPUTER SCIENCE AS IT AFFECTS THE ACADEMIC AND VOCATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN
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 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Computer science is the study of processes that interact with data and that can be
represented as data in the form of programs. It enables the use of algorithms to
manipulate, store and communicate digital information (Remy N. Onyewuenyi,
2008). Sudha Aravindan (2018), defined computer science as the branch of science
and technology that encompasses all aspects of a computer system including
computer software, hardware and networking. It is also the field of computer
hardware and software. It includes system analysis and design, application and
system software design, programming and data center operations (PC Magazine,
2018).
Examples of Computer Science fields are:
1. Software Engineering
2. Artificial Intelligence
3. Computer Networking and Communication
4. Database Systems
5. Computer Graphics
6. Human – Computer Interaction
7. Website Development
8. Information Security Analysis
9. Computer Systems Analysis
10. Computer Hardware Engineering
11. Internet of Things (IoT)
12. Computer and Information Research
13. IT Project Management
14.Data Analytics
According to Deighton (1971), these fields (Software Engineering, Artificial
Intelligence, Computer Networking and Communication, Database Systems,
Data Analysis, Database Systems), will be aggressively deployed into the
vocational and occupational sector, which aims at ensuring adequate delivery of
relational services to the population of the region. According to Nweke (2004),
facets of Computer Science (Information and Communication Technology) are
seen as essentials for development. Computer Science, covers the theory and
methods of processing information in a digital computer.
Okeke (1975), opined that the most important beneficial impact of technology
in Nigeria, has been the acquisition of the power not to read and write, but in the
drastic overhaul of the vocational (employment) sector. During the last two
decades, higher vocational sectors have invested heavily on Computer Science
and Information Technology. This has had a major impact in the work context in
organization and unproductivity and hiring. One puzzling problem is the effective
impact of these technologies ion the vocational performance of tertiary institution
students. Many academic researchers have tried to proffer solution to this
problem at the theoretical and empirical levels.
According to Osuagwu (2005), the key players in Computer Science
technology industry include: Data Sciences for Joint Computer Ltd., Beta
Computer Ltd., Chams Ltd., and Zinox which became the first indigenous a
Microsoft company in Nigeria. Other professional associations which have
contributed considerably to the growth of the computer science industry in
Nigeria include: Institute of Software Nigeria, which later became a sub-group in
the newly formed Nigerian computer Society (NCS), the Nigerian Information
Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has been making consideration
towards pragmatic information communication technology development and its
application in Nigeria.
The application of Computer Science and its relevant fields offers new ways
in which the quality, effectiveness and in particular the flexibility of vocational
activeness can be improved among undergraduates and graduates of tertiary
institutions. When integrated into education, computer science have the capacity
to improve the delivery of sustainability amongst the youths.
Generally, the capacity of higher institutions and vocational practice
institutions to lead the process of integrating computer science practically in
education with respect to vocational emphasis is woefully inadequate. Higher
institutions lack access to infrastructure, affordable and sufficient bandwidth and
the human resource capacity to exploit the dynamic technology. As a result,
higher institutions are lagging behind in the global technology context.
The integration of computer science practical study application into the
educational sector with respect to vocational overview will however put
favorable impact which will help tertiary institution students to acquire skills that
will help them to be employable. This will in no measure lend a helping hand in
the fight against unemployment. It is against the background that the researchers
were motivated toward ascertaining the extent to which ICT infrastructure are
available in the Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State, of job opportunities Vis
a Vis ICT compliance.
Statement of the Problem
Over the years there has been a rise in the number of Computer Science graduates,
due to their backwardness and underdevelopment in Computer Science
Technology industry. Many companies and organization must meet the demand
of developing their own ICT capabilities and the graduates from the Computer
Science fields do not have the capabilities to tackle this problem, thus creating a
lapse.
This has been the case in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State, as the
numbers of IT related firms and their infrastructures do not match the teaming
number of computer science graduates emerging from various tertiary
institutions. Hence, most of the students graduate without getting an ICT
compliant job, because of their lapse.
The researchers therefore strive to find lasting solution to problems facing the
academic and vocational performance of tertiary institution students in Owerri
Municipal Council of Imo State. The study tries to survey the ICT quotient of
students in various tertiary institutions of Imo State, to bring about effectiveness
in the practical learning of computer sciences and its teaching processes.
Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to investigate the state of practical learning
based on computer science available to the students in relevant high institutions
in Owerri. Specifically, the study was aimed at finding out:
1. The number of ICT infrastructures available in computer science lecture hall.
2. The number of ICT current courses available at computer science department,
related to the macro-world.
3. The number of ICT infrastructures available in the Information and
Communication Services center.
4. The number of ICT practical quotient acquired by the students.
Significance of the Study
The findings of this study would be significant to AIFCE management
administrators of; education, vocational guidance, Computer Science,
stakeholders in relevant technology and vocational sectors, researchers, students
and teachers. The result would enable administrators of education to understand
the need to improve the information and communication technology system,
whilst boosting the vocational system too.
Result of the study would sensitive AIFCE management and members of the
college at large in making use of ICT infrastructure for proper teaching and
learning processes. To the students, research of the study would sensitize them
towards greater opportunities to develop their creativity, problem-solving
abilities, informal reasoning skills, and other higher-order think skills by
engaging themselves I innovative computer aided instruction resource materials
for further studies.
To the teachers, result of the study would assist them to improve the students’
performance through examination of teacher’s behavior, experience,
qualification, skills and the meaningful contribution of knowledge. It would also
motivate researchers toward brain storming so as to come up with strategies for
effective motivation, mobilization, and actualization of research goal for positive
action toward teaching and learning processes.
Scope of Study
The scope of this study was limited to the survey of computer science
infrastructure in Owerri Municipal, Imo State for the effective teaching and
learning of computer studies in the various department of computer science. It
was equally delimited to ICT infrastructures in computer science lecture halls,
educational technology unit, as well as information and communication service
Centre.
It was further restricted to the use of the structure questionnaire for data
collection. Finally, it was delimited to the use of item by item analysis (simple
mean) as data analytical technique.
 Research Questions
The following research questions were formulated in line with the specific
objectives to guide the study.
1. To what extent is computer science (ICCT) infrastructure available in
Computer science lecture hall?
2. To what extent is the number of computer science courses related to macro-
world?
3. To what extent is ICT infrastructures available in Information and
Communication services Centre?
4. To what extent do the students know about Computer Science and its related
fields (ICT)?
Hypotheses
The following null hypothesis were postulated for the study:
1. There is no significant ICT infrastructure in computer science lecture hall.
2. There is no significant number of computer science courses related to the
macro-world.
3. There is no significant ICT infrastructure available in Information and
Communication Services center.
4. There is no significant ICT knowledge acquired by the students.

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