Chapter 1

I. Background of the Study

One of the best things to do to get the grades you deserved is through studying. According to
the Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001 having a goal of providing basic education that was
retrieved from Official Gazette (2019), we should provide children a basic education that will enhance
their skills, knowledge and learn some values that will make them productive and become successful.
With that, children must go to school to study. Studying is an act of understanding or learning
information about something by reading, memorizing facts, attending school and more. But it doesn't
mean that you need to memorize it word for word for you to be called as someone who study. In
Republic Act No. 10533, also known as the “Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013” from Official
Gazette (2019), wherein they add up two years in high school which is known today as the senior
high. That is one of the reasons why some students are very eager to study just to graduate and
repay the sacrifices of their parents. Reading and scanning your notes can also be called as studying.
But how does studying affect our academic performance and grades?

If we do nothing and just use our stock knowledge, can we still get an average score in class?
Lots of people have their own ways of studying especially students. They even uses strategies that
could help them sink in all the information they are studying. Most of the students study for the
quizzes that the teachers are giving. According to Henry Roediger (June 2005), PhD a psychologist at
Washington University in St. Louis, he stated that, "students might not enjoy taking a quiz at the end
of every class or testing themselves every time they finish reading a chapter, but doing so would be
very helpful with them because they will remember it on their final exam or even after class ended.

There are also reasons why students give their best to study. Possibly because they want their
teachers to praise them or they even want their parents to be proud of them, to be the top in their
friends or maybe just because of the reason that they simply wanted to pass and not to drop that
subject. The researchers noticed that there are only two ways of studying that students are using
which are self study and group study. In other words, self-study is when you study just by yourself
without the accompany of others while group study is the opposite of it. They study while
accompanying each other as they familiarize and memorize their notes together. They prefer doing it
with someone or more likely with their group of friends.

According to the article Pieper Ube Bar Review (2018), there is no evidence that indicates that
one studying technique is better than the other. But it depends on the type of environment you best
excel in. But as to what the researchers observed, lots of students studies in the same environment
but executes different ways. Like both of them studies in a noisy environment or solemn environment
but the other one study alone because that's what she prefers while the other group of students
prefers group study because they are comfortable with it and just wanted to do it together.

According to Rybczynski and Schussler (2010) of Cbe Life Sciences Education, there are four
patterns of study group that was identified. 14% of the students always study with groups, 55% of
them never done it, while 22% tried but eventually quit and only 9 percent of the students executes
group study but already late for the semester. It is stated in an international journal entitled Linguistics
and Education (2005) that Keith Sawyer conducts a research on why the group study is effective and
the two patterns of it. He said that studying with groups is effective because they make students to
lecture each other basing on their notes. Because when the students are doing group studies and
gazes at each other while looking up and down from their notes that they are using, they absorbed
the information and they tend to paraphrased what they're going to say in their own words. It is like
they are discussing with each other the information they learned from the material they are scanning.
While according to Taylor (2018), "Group study is beneficial to students not just intellectually but also
emotionally, as students encourage each other to study". It is beneficial to them intellectually because
students study in groups explain concepts to each other and quizzes each other as if they are already
questioned by their teachers. It also emotionally beneficial because they are together with other
people that help them socializes with others. With that they experienced how it felts like having
someone you could talk to and laugh with that makes you comfortable and happy.

Meanwhile, studying alone should also be considered as one of the best way in studying.
Others disagreed that self-study is effective but according to an article Ivy Wise Knowledgebase, self-
study is very effective if it's done correctly and also helpful for an upcoming test by learning on your
own. You just need to know the perfect combination in studying alone which is concentration and
understanding. When you give your full attention in concentrating and understanding the information
you are reading then self-study is really an effective way in studying.

The study focuses on the effect of self-study and group study to the Pre-Calculus test scores
of the students. The researchers chosen this topic as it helps students to decide which way they
would use or execute in studying that would be really effective for them to get the grades they desired
and deserved.
II. Research Questions

The study aims to determine the effects of Self-study and Group study on their periodical test scores:

1. Among Grade 12 Gas EDUC Students, what is the number of students who executes self-study
and group study?

2. Is there any significant difference in the periodical test scores of the students who prefer self-study
and group study?

III. Research Hypothesis

1. Out of 80 students, 60% of the students executes self-study while 40% of the students executes
group study.

2. There is no significant difference in the periodical test scores of the students who prefer self-study
and group study.

IV. Scope and Limitation of the Study

The researchers will conduct the study in PHINMA Cagayan de Oro College Puerto Campus
on August 21-23, 2019. The researchers will hold a survey which they will handle out research
questionnaires particularly to the Grade 12 Gas EDUC Students. The important variables are the
Effect of Self Study and Group Study which is the independent variable and Pre-Calculus test scores
as the dependent variable. To measure the variable, the researchers will use the periodical test
scores of the students.

In this study, there will be limitations that the researchers will encounter. It refers to how free
the respondents are to participate. Because of the reason that students are not all present together in
one class that would be the limitations they have to deal with. To overcome this, the researchers
would just ask the help of the students’ adviser to get their periodical test scores in every class.
V. Rationale of the Study

This research is very useful as it gives information that is new to us that could help us
distinguish which way of studying should we refer to use. As we all know that studying is very helpful
when we want to get a grade that we deserved and that we can be proud of. The specific people that
could benefit in this research are the following:

Students. It will help them decide of what ways they will use in studying for their upcoming academic
activities. Because they are already aware of what is the most effective way in studying. Ways that
could be studying alone or studying with your mates. It is beneficial to them as it makes their grades
higher to what its current value.

Parents. They could also be one of the beneficiaries of this research. It will give them an idea of what
way they could teach their children. If they let them study alone in their rooms, libraries or anywhere
as long as they are alone, or if they will suggest to them that they could study with their friends to
make their studying sessions more effective. That is why this research is also beneficial to all the
parents.

Teachers. If teachers are planning to give the students a surprise quiz but kind enough to let them
study even for just few minutes, they already have an idea on how they let their students study
through the help of this research. It's either by groups or just reviewing their notes alone.

VI. Definition of Terms

This section helps the readers to understand fully the terms that was used in the research. The
following terms are defined according to how they are used in the study:

Studying - scanning, reading or even memorizing notes to absorb or gain information and knowledge
that you could use in academic purposes or even apply in life.

Self-study - is about gaining knowledge and having a realization by your own without accompany of
others.

Group study - studying your notes that you can gain knowledge and have a realization together with
your friends or classmates as you were asking questions to each other and paraphrased each
information while reciting it together.

Periodical test score - the examination in Pre-Calculus subject that students will take in order to
measure the lessons you learned that was discussed by the teacher.
Bibliography

Republic of the Philippines. "Republic Act No. 9155." Accessed August 11, 2001.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/08/11/republic-act-no-9155/.

Republic of the Philippines. "Rules and Regulations of the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013."
Accessed September 4, 2013.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/09/04/irr-republic-act-no-10533/.

The Source: Washington University in St. Louis. "Discovering Why Study Groups are More Effective."
Accessed July 17, 2006.

https://source.wustl.edu/2006/07/discovering-why-study-groups-are-more-effective/.

Pieper Ube Bar Review. "Solo vs. Group Study: The Pros and Cons to Both Study Techniques."
Accessed Oct 9, 2018.

https://news.pieperbar.com/solo-vs.-group-study-the-pros-and-cons-to-both-study-techniques?
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Cbe Sciences and Education. "Student Use of Out-of-Class Study Groups in an Introductory
Undergraduate Biology Course." Accessed October 4, 2010.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3046890/.

CLASSROOM. "What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Study Group?" Accessed June 25,
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https://classroom.synonym.com/advantages-disadvantages-study-group-4192.html.

Ivy Wise Knowledgebase. "Self-Studying: What’s the Benefit and How to Do it." Accessed 2013.

https://www.ivywise.com/ivywise-knowledgebase/newsletter/article/self-studying-whats-the-
benefit-and-how-to-do-it/.

Sawyer, K. Two Patterns of Group Dynamics That Show why Group Study is Optimal in
Washington University in St. Louis. Journal of Linguistic and Education. June 2005
Group 1

Tibalan, Ellen Mae M.

Delos Reyes, Kaye Charisse T.

Quimanhan, Jenderose P.

Bure, Edelyn Joy R.

Enerio, Love Joy E.

Along, Lady love V.

Generalao, Zhaira L.

Besilla, Antonie D.

Serquina, Fedel C. Jr

Avilla, Carlo
Effect of Self Study and Group Study
towards Students Test Performance