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ME 200 –Thermodynamics I

Spring 2013

Lecture 13:
Property Tables (II)

Yong Li
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics
800 Dong Chuan Road Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
Email : liyo@sjtu.edu.cn
Phone: 86-21-34206056; Fax: 86-21-34206056

1.1
Last Lecture
 Last Lecture
» Enthalpy H=U+pV h=u+pv
» Started discussion on property tables:
» Define quality(ratio of mass vapor to total mixture mass)
 a system consisting of a two-phase liquid–vapor mixture of
water at 100 oC and x=0.9.

 Today lecture
» More on Property Tables
» Linear interpolation
1.2
» Examples
Property Tables

 Determine what is the state of the substance (CL, SL, SLVM, SV, SHV)
 Think about what independent intensive properties are available
(state principle)
 Select appropriate table (if not, need to implement suitable
approximation)

1.3
Property Tables- reference states
 For water (H2o), the reference state is saturated liquid at
0.01oC. At this state, the specific internal energy is set to zero.
Values of the specific enthalpy are calculated from h=u+pv,
using the tabulated values for p, v, and u.
 For ammonia (NH3) , propane, and the refrigerants, the
reference state is saturated liquid at 40 oC. At this reference
state the specific enthalpy is set to zero. Values of specific
internal energy are calculated from u=h-pv.
 Make sure that you look up properties with consistent
reference states – otherwise the analysis will be wrong!

1.4
Linear interpolation
 Assumes any two data points connected by straight line
(set slopes equal to find missing value)

1.5
Superheated Vapor
 Compared to saturated vapor, superheated vapor is characterized by
» Lower pressures (P < Psat at a given T)
» Higher tempreatures (T > Tsat at a given P)
» Higher specific volumes (v > vg at a given P or T)
» Higher internal energies (u > ug at a given P or T)
» Higher enthalpies (h > hg at a given P or T)
Determine the temperature of water at a state
of P 0.5 MPa and h 2890 kJ/kg.

1.6
Compressed Liquid
 Compared to saturated liquid, a compressed liquid is characterized by
» Higher pressures (P > Psat at a given T)
» Lower tempreatures (T < Tsat at a given P)
» Lower specific volumes (v < vf at a given P or T)
» Lower internal energies (u < uf at a given P or T)
» Lower enthalpies (h < hf at a given P or T)

1.7
Example 1

 Determine the internal energy of compressed liquid water at 80°C and 5


MPa, using (a) data from the compressed liquid table and (b) saturated
liquid data. What is the error involved in the second case?

1.8
Example 2
 A mass of 200 g of saturated liquid water is completely vaporized
at a constant pressure of 100 kPa. Determine (a) the volume change
and (b) the amount of energy transferred to the water.

1.9
Example 3
 A rigid tank contains 10 kg of water at 90°C. If 8 kg of the water
is in the liquid form and the rest is in the vapor form, determine (a)
the pressure in the tank and (b) the volume of the tank.

1.10
1.11
Example 4
 An 80-L vessel contains 4 kg of refrigerant-134a at a pressure of 160
kPa. Determine (a) the temperature, (b) the quality, (c) the enthalpy of
the refrigerant, and (d) the volume occupied by the vapor phase.

At 160 kPa

1.12
Example

1.13

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