PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON

PROJECT : DESAIN DAN STRUKTURAL RUMAH 2 LANTAI

Disusun Oleh :

1. Kevin Chrisvalliando ( 2016091020 )

2. Raka Maulana Putra ( 2016091037 )
3. Ricy Aldi Putra ( 2017021050 )

Dosen Pengampu :
Agustinus Agus Setiawan, S.T, M.T

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK SIPIL

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI DAN DESAIN

UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN JAYA

2018
 DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................................................... i

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................ ii
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................iii
BAB I ................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Data Umum Proyek..................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Perhitungan Pembebanan ............................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Model Bangunan 3D dengan Software SAP2000 ....................................................................... 2
BAB II .................................................................................................................................................. 3
2.1 Denah Bangunan Rumah 2 Lantai............................................................................................... 3
2.2 Perhitungan Tulangan Balok Anak ............................................................................................. 4
2.3 Perhitungan Tulangan Balok Induk ........................................................................................... 12
2.4 Perhitungan Tulangan Sengkang ............................................................................................... 17
A. Balok ...................................................................................................................................... 17
B. Tangga dan Bordes................................................................................................................. 18
2.5 Perhitungan Tulangan Kolom ................................................................................................... 19
2.6 Perhitungan Kolom 5 Kondisi ................................................................................................... 19
1. 𝐾𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 ................................................................................................................... 20
2. 𝐾𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘 𝑒 > 𝑒𝑏 ........................................................................................................... 21
3. 𝐾𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑒 < 𝑒𝑏 .......................................................................................................... 22
4. 𝐾𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑒 = 0............................................................................................................. 23
5. 𝐾𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑒 = ∞ ........................................................................................................... 23
2.7 Diagram Interaksi Kolom .......................................................................................................... 24
2.8 Perhitungan Tulangan Pondasi .................................................................................................. 25
2.9 Perhitungan Tulangan Tangga dan Bordes ................................................................................ 27
A. Perhitungan Penulangan Tangga Bawah ............................................................................... 29
B. Perhitungan Penulangan Bordes ............................................................................................ 30
C. Perhitungan Penulangan Tangga Atas ................................................................................... 32
2.10 Perhitungan Tulangan Pelat Lantai ......................................................................................... 33
A. One Way Slab ........................................................................................................................ 33
B. Two Way Slab ........................................................................................................................ 35
BAB III ................................................................................... Kesalahan! Bookmark tidak ditentukan.

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |i

 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Model Bangunan 3D dengan Software SAP2000 ................................................................ 2

Gambar 2. Denah Struktur Lantai 2 ..................................................................................................... 3
Gambar 3. Denah Balok Induk dan Balok Anak ................................................................................. 10
Gambar 4. Output Software SAP2000 Pada Portal 123 ..................................................................... 11
Gambar 5. Output Software SAP2000 Pada Portal 3-ABCD.............................................................. 11
Gambar 6. Axial Force Portal 123 Hasil Output Software SAP2000 ................................................. 24
Gambar 7. Axial Force Portal 3-ABCD Hasil Output Software SAP2000 .......................................... 24
Gambar 8. Diagram Interaksi Kolom ................................................................................................. 25
Gambar 9. Diagram Interaksi Kolom dengan SpColoumn ................................................................. 25
Gambar 10. Denah Tangga ................................................................................................................ 27
Gambar 11. Detail Pembebanan Tangga............................................................................................ 28
Gambar 12. Nilai Momen Tangga Hasil Output Software SAP2000 .................................................. 29

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |ii

 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. perhitungan pembebanan ............................................................................................ 2

Tabel 2. Hasil Perhitungan Mu Balok Anak .............................................................................. 8
Tabel 3. Nilai Pn dan Mn pada Kolom 5 Kondisi.................................................................... 23
Tabel 4. Nilai Pu dan Mu Hasil Output Software SAP2000 .................................................... 24
Tabel 5. Perhitungan Beban Pelat Lantai ............................................................................... 33

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |iii

 BAB I
PENJELASAN UMUM

1.1 Data Umum Proyek

1. Nama Proyek : Idaman Real Estate

2. Lokasi Proyek : Jalan Boulevard Idaman Raya, Jakarta Pusat.

3. Tipe Struktur : Struktur Beton Bertulang, Perhitungan Struktur Beton

Mengacu Peraturan SNI 2847:2013

4. Fungsi Bangunan : Rumah Tinggal

5. Material

- Beton : f’c = 25 MPa

- Rebat ( Besi Beton ) : f’y = 400 MPa

6. Peraturan Standar

- Peraturan pembebanan Indonesia untuk Gedung, SNI-1727-1989-F

- Persyaratan beton struktural untuk bangunan gedung, SNI 2847:2013
7. Software / Perangkat Lunak

- SAP2000 v.19
- AutoCAD 2018
- Sp Coloumn

1.2 Perhitungan Pembebanan

Beban mati (Dead Load) adalah berat dari semua bagian suatu gedung/bangunan yang
bersifat tetap selama masa layan struktur, termasuk unsur – unsur tambahan, finishing,
mesin – mesin serta peralatan tetap yang merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari
gedung/bangunan tersebut.

Contoh : berat struktur, pipa – pipa, saluran listrik, AC, lampu – lampu, penutup lantai,
dan plafon.

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |1

 Beban hidup (Live Load) adalah beban gravitasi yang bekerja pada struktur dalam masa
layannya, dan timbul akibat penggunaan suatu gedung. Termasuk beban ini adalah berat
manusia, perabotan yang dapat dipindah – pindah, kendaraan, dan barang – barang lain.

Tabel 1. perhitungan pembebanan

Beban Mati
1. Berat sendiri pelat 0,12 x 2.400 = 288 Kg/m2
2. Finishing adukan 2 cm 0,02 x 2.100 = 42 Kg/m2
3. Marmer/ Granit/ Keramik 1 cm 0,001 x 2.400 = 24 Kg/m2
4. Plafon+rangka = 18 Kg/m2
5. Ducting/ ME = 25 Kg/m2
Total qD = 397 Kg/m2
Beban Hidup
1. Total qL = 250 Kg/m2

1.3 Model Bangunan 3D dengan Software SAP2000

Gambar 1. Model Bangunan 3D dengan Software SAP2000

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |2

 BAB II
PERHITUNGAN

2.1 Denah Bangunan Rumah 2 Lantai

Gambar 2. Denah Struktur Lantai 2

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |3

 2.2 Perhitungan Tulangan Balok Anak
BALOK 2’C’-2’D

Beban Hidup : Beban Mati :

1,25 𝐾𝑔 1,25 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐿 = 250𝑋 = 156,25 𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 248,125
2 𝑚 2 𝑚

Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟏 : Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟐 (𝑸𝑩𝑺) :

𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿 𝐾𝑔

𝑄 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 (𝑄𝐷) = 2400𝑋0,15𝑋0,25 = 90
𝑚
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(248,125) + 1,6(156,25)
𝐾𝑔 𝑄𝑈2 = 1,2(𝑄𝐷) + 1,6(𝑄𝐿)
= 547,75
𝑚
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈2 = 1,2(90) + 1,6(0) = 108
𝑚

Nilai 𝐁𝐌𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐬 :

𝐾𝑔
𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 292,21
𝑚

Nilai Reaksi :

𝑅2′ 𝐶 ′ = 484,57𝐾𝑔

𝑅2′ 𝐷 = 484,57𝐾𝑔

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |4

BALOK 2C’ – 3C’

𝑸𝑼𝟏 𝑸𝑼𝟐
Beban Hidup : Beban Hidup :
2,5 𝐾𝑔 1,25 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 312,5 𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 156,25
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Beban Mati : Beban Mati :
2,5 𝐾𝑔 1,25 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 469,25 𝑄𝐷 = 387 𝑋 = 248,125
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟏 : Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟐 :
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿
𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(469,25) + 1,6(312,5) = 1095,5 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(248,125) + 1,6(156,25) = 547,75
𝑚 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟑 (𝑸𝑩𝑺) :
𝐾𝑔
𝑄 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 (𝑄𝐷) = 2400𝑋0,15𝑋0,25 = 90
𝑚
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(𝑄𝐷) + 1,6(𝑄𝐿)
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(90) + 1,6(0) = 108
𝑚

Nilai 𝐁𝐌𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐬 :

𝐾𝑔
𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 1064,79
𝑚

Nilai Reaksi :
𝑅2𝐶 ′ = 1318,7𝐾𝑔
𝑅3𝐶′ = 1147,56𝐾𝑔

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |5

BALOK 1’C – 1’C’

𝑸𝑼𝟏 𝑸𝑼𝟐
Beban Hidup : Beban Hidup :
1,5 𝐾𝑔 1 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 297,75 𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 125
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Beban Mati : Beban Mati :
1,5 𝐾𝑔 1 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 187,5 𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 198,5
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟏 : Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟐 :
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿
𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(297,75) + 1,6(187,5) = 657,3 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(198,5) + 1,6(125) = 547,75
𝑚 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟑 (𝑸𝑩𝑺) :
𝐾𝑔
𝑄 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 (𝑄𝐷) = 2400𝑋0,15𝑋0,25 = 90
𝑚
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(𝑄𝐷) + 1,6(𝑄𝐿)
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(90) + 1,6(0) = 108
𝑚
Nilai 𝐁𝐌𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐬 :

𝐾𝑔
𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 540,13
𝑚

Nilai Reaksi :
𝑅1′𝐶 = 957,01𝐾𝑔
𝑅1′𝐶′′ = 957,01𝐾𝑔

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |6

BALOK 1C’’ – 2C’’

𝑸𝑼𝟏 𝑸𝑼𝟐
Beban Hidup : Beban Hidup :
2,5 𝐾𝑔 1,5 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 312,25 𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 187,5
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Beban Mati : Beban Mati :
2,5 𝐾𝑔 1,5 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 496,25 𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 297,75
2 𝑚 2 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟏 : Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟐 :
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿
𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(496,25) + 1,6(312,25) = 1095,5 𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(297,75) + 1,6(187,5) = 657,3
𝑚 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟑 (𝑸𝑩𝑺) :
𝐾𝑔
𝑄 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 (𝑄𝐷) = 2400𝑋0,15𝑋0,25 = 90
𝑚
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(𝑄𝐷) + 1,6(𝑄𝐿)
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈3 = 1,2(90) + 1,6(0) = 108
𝑚
Nilai 𝐁𝐌𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐬 :

𝐾𝑔
𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 1342,46
𝑚

Nilai Reaksi :
𝑅1𝐶′′ = 1547,57𝐾𝑔
𝑅2𝐶′′ = 1541,79𝐾𝑔

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |7

BALOK 1’B – 1’C

𝑸𝑼𝟏
Beban Hidup :
1 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐿 = 250 𝑋 = 125
2 𝑚
Beban Mati :
1 𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝐷 = 397 𝑋 = 198,5
2 𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟏 :
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2𝑄𝐷 + 1,6𝑄𝐿
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈1 = 1,2(198,5) + 1,6(125) = 438,2
𝑚
Mencari Nilai 𝐐𝐔𝟐 (𝑸𝑩𝑺) :
𝐾𝑔
𝑄 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 (𝑄𝐷) = 2400𝑋0,15𝑋0,25 = 90
𝑚
𝑄𝑈2 = 1,2(𝑄𝐷) + 1,6(𝑄𝐿)
𝐾𝑔
𝑄𝑈2 = 1,2(90) + 1,6(0) = 108
𝑚
Nilai 𝐁𝐌𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐬 :

𝐾𝑔
𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 = 614,48
𝑚

Nilai Reaksi :
𝑅1′ 𝐵 = 819,3 𝐾𝑔
𝑅1′ 𝐶 = 819,3 𝐾𝑔
Tabel 2. Hasil Perhitungan Mu Balok Anak
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐵𝑀𝐷𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 (𝐾𝑔/𝑚) M𝑢 (𝑁. 𝑚𝑚)
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 2′ 𝐶′ − 2′𝐷 292,21 2865601,197
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 2𝐶 ′ − 3𝐶′ 1064,79 10442022,853
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 1′ 𝐶 − 1′𝐶′ 540,13 5296865.864
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 1𝐶" − 2𝐶" 1342,46 13165035,359
𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 1′ 𝐶 − 1′𝐵 614,48 6025990.292

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |8

∷ 𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝑻𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒏 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝑨𝒏𝒂𝒌
Diketahui :
𝐾𝑔 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑀𝑢 = 1342,46 = 13165035,359 N. mm
𝑚 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑏 = 150 𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝐵 = 13𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 250 𝑚𝑚

Mencari Nilai d : 𝑀𝑛 = c. z
1 𝑎
𝑑 = 250 − 40 − 10 − 𝑑𝐵 𝑀𝑛 = 0,85f ′ c x 𝑎 x b (d − )
2 2
1 𝑀𝑛 = 0,85f ′ c x b x d x 𝑎
𝑑 = 250 − 40 − 10 − (13)
2 − 0,425 f ′ c x b x 𝑎2
𝑑 = 193,5𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑢 𝑀𝑛
𝑀𝑛 =
∅ = 0,425 x 250 x 150 x 𝑎^2
13165035,259 − 0,85 𝑥 250 x 150 x 193,5 x
𝑀𝑛 =
0,9 + 14627817,07
𝑀𝑛 = 14627817,07 𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑛 = 1593,75𝑎2 − 616781,25𝑎
+ 14627817,07
Memasukan Persamaan Mn ke Rumus ABC Mencari Nilai 𝐴𝑠 :
𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 0,85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑥 𝑎 𝑥 𝑏
= 𝐴𝑠 =
2𝑎 𝑓𝑦
616781,25 ± √(−616781,25)2 − 4(1593,75)(14627817,07) 0,85 𝑥 25 𝑥 25,38 𝑥 150
= 𝐴𝑠 =
2 𝑥 1593,75 400
(𝑎1 ) = 361,61904𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 𝐴𝑠 = 202,247 ≈ 2𝐷13
(𝑎2 ) = 25,38096𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
2𝐷13 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 = 265,5
Mencari Nilai a:
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝑓𝑦 Mencari Nilai c:
𝑎= 𝑎
0,85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑥 150 𝑐=
𝛽1
265,5 𝑥 400 33,32
𝑎= 𝑐=
0,85 𝑥 25 𝑥 150 0,85
𝑎 = 33,32 𝑐 = 39,2

Mencari Nilai c/d :

𝑐 39,2
= = 0,202
𝑑 193,5

Mencari Asmin dan Asmax :

𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
√𝑓′ 𝑐
𝑥 𝑏𝑤 𝑥 𝑑 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜌 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑥 𝑏𝑤 𝑥 𝑑
4𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥
√25
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑥 150 𝑥 193,5 = 0,01693 𝑥 150 𝑥 193,5
4𝑥400
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 90,703
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 491,393
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |9

Hitung 𝝓 Mn :
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑥𝑍
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 0,85𝑓 ′𝑐 𝑥 𝑏 𝑥 𝑑 𝑥 𝑎 − 0,425𝑓 ′𝑐 𝑥 𝑏 𝑥 𝑎2 x 𝜙
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 0,85 𝑥 25 𝑥 150 𝑥 193,5 𝑥 33,32 − 0,425 𝑥 25 𝑥 150 𝑥 33,322 x 0,9
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 18448242,75
Maka
𝜙𝑀𝑛 > 𝑀𝑢

Balok 2-3

Balok 1-2
BALOK 2’C-2’D

BALOK 1C’’-2C’’
BALOK 2C’-3C’

Balok D-C
BALOK 1’C-1’C”

BALOK 1’B-1’C
Balok C-B

Balok B-A

Gambar 3. Denah Balok Induk dan Balok Anak

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |10

 Gambar 4. Output Software SAP2000 Pada Portal 123

Gambar 5. Output Software SAP2000 Pada Portal 3-ABCD

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |11

2.3 Perhitungan Tulangan Balok Induk
BALOK 1-2
MOMEN POSITIF
Diketahui :
b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (+) = 3230750 N.mm
Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm
Mencari a
Mn(+)=C.Z
Mn(+)=0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5
c = Mn = 3589722.222
Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c
= 5.86979E+11
(+) = 485.3593669
(-) = 4.640633067
Maka : a = 4.640633067
Mencari Mn (+)
Mn = Mu/pi
= 3589722.222 Nm
Menghitung As
As (+) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 36.98004475 mm
Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d
= 114.84375
Asmax = promax.b.d
=622.1775
Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1
= 5.459568314
Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d
= 0.022283952 < 0.375
berarti tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran
= 1.46223604 (2D10)
MOMEN NEGATIF
Diketahui :
b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (-) = 4641294 N.mm
Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm
Mencari a
Mn(+)=C.Z
Mn(+)=0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5
c = Mn = 5156993.333
Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c
= 5.76988E+11
(+) = 483.3049296
(-) = 6.695070389
Maka : a = 6.695070389
Mencari Mn (-)
Mn = Mu/pi
= 5156993.333 Nm
Menghitung As
As (-) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 53.35134216 mm
Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d
= 114.84375
Asmax = promax.b.d
=622.1775
Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1
= 7.876553398
Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d
= 0.032149198 < 0.375
berarti tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran
= 1.46223604 (2D10)
PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |12
BALOK 2-3
MOMEN POSITIF MOMEN NEGATIF
Diketahui : Diketahui :
b = 150 mm b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (+) = 227659 N.mm Mu (-) = 4132694 N.mm
Mencari d Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2 d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm = 245mm
Mencari a Mencari a
Mn(+) = C.Z Mn(+) = C.Z
Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2) Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75 a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5 b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5
c = Mn = 252954.4444 c = Mn = 4591882.222
Determinan Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c = b2 – 4.a.c
= 6.08251E+11 = 5.8059E+11
(+) = 489.6758743 (+) = 484.0477337
(-) = 0.324125656 (-) = 5.952266278
Maka : a = 0.324125656 Maka : a = 5.952266278
Mencari Mn (+) Mencari Mn (-)
Mn = Mu/pi Mn = Mu/pi
= 252954.4444 Nm = 4591882.222 Nm
Menghitung As Menghitung As
As (+) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy As (-) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 2.582876324 mm = 47.4321219 mm
Cek As min dan As max Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d
= 114.84375 = 114.84375
Asmax = promax.b.d Asmax = promax.b.d
= 622.1775 = 622.1775
Mencari nilai c Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1 C = a/beta1
= 0.381324302 = 7.002666209
Mencari nilai c/d Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d = c/d
= 0.001556426 < 0.375 = 0.028582311 < 0.375
berarti tension controlled berarti tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran = As / Luas Lingkaran
= 1.46223604 (2D10) = 1.46223604 (2D10)

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |13

BALOK D-C
MOMEN POSITIF MOMEN NEGATIF
Diketahui : Diketahui :
b = 150 mm b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (+) = 6348655 N.mm Mu (-) = 8322609 N.mm
Mencari d Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2 d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm = 245mm
Mencari a Mencari a
Mn(+) = C.Z Mn(-) = C.Z
Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2) Mn(-) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 2656.25 a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 2656.25
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -2364062.5 b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -2364062.5
c = Mn = 7054061.111 c = Mn = 9247343.333
Determinan Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c = b2 – 4.a.c
= 5.51384E+12 = 5.49054E+12
(+) = 887.0060559 (+) = 886.0710229
(-) = 2.993944087 (-) = 3.92897713
Maka : a = 2.993944087 Maka : a = 3.92897713
Mencari Mn (+) Mencari Mn (-)
Mn = Mu/pi Mn = Mu/pi
= 7054061.111 Nm = 9247343.333 Nm
Menghitung As Menghitung As
As (+) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy As (-) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 39.7633199mm = 52.18172751mm
Cek As min dan As max Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d
= 347.65625 = 347.65625
Asmax = promax.b.d Asmax = promax.b.d
= 1883.4625 = 1883.4625
Mencari nilai c Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1 C = a/beta1
= 3.522287161 = 4.622326035
Mencari nilai c/d Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d = c/d
= 0.007915252< 0.375 = 0.01038725< 0.375 berarti
berarti tension controlled tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran = As / Luas Lingkaran
= 4.426496855 (5D10) = 4.426496855 (5D10)

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |14

BALOK C-B
MOMEN POSITIF MOMEN NEGATIF
Diketahui : Diketahui :
b = 150 mm b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (+) = 601799 N.mm Mu (-) = 227659 N.mm
Mencari d Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2 d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm = 245mm
Mencari a Mencari a
Mn(+) = C.Z Mn(+) = C.Z
Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2) Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425. f'c.b .d = 1593.75 a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5 b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5
c = Mn = 668665.5556 c = Mn = 5908795.556
Determinan Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c = b2 – 4.a.c
= 6.05601E+11 = 5.72195E+11
(+) = 489.1422641 (+) = 482.3131274
(-) = 0.857735855 (-) = 7.686872601
Maka : a = 0.857735855 Maka : a = 7.686872601
Mencari Mn (+) Mencari Mn (-)
Mn = Mu/pi Mn = Mu/pi
= 668665.5556 Nm = 5908795.556 Nm
Menghitung As Menghitung As
As (+) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy As (-) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 6.835082598 mm = 61.25476604 mm
Cek As min dan As max Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy.b.d
= 114.84375 = 114.84375
Asmax = promax.b.d Asmax = promax.b.d
= 622.1775 = 622.1775
Mencari nilai c Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1 C = a/beta1
= 1.009101006 = 9.043379531
Mencari nilai c/d Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d = c/d
= 0.00411878 < 0.375 = 0.036911753 < 0.375
berarti tension controlled berarti tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran = As / Luas Lingkaran
= 1.46223604 (2D10) = 1.46223604 (2D10)

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |15

BALOK B-A
MOMEN NEGATIF
Diketahui :
b = 150 mm
h = 300 mm
Asumsi dB = 10 mm
f'c = 25 Mpa
Fy = 400 Mpa
Mu (+) = 1642460 N.mm
Mencari d
d = h-selimut-sengkang-dB/2
= 245mm
Mencari a
Mn(+) = C.Z
Mn(+) = 0.85 f'c.a.b (d-a/2)
a = 0.425.f'c.b.d = 1593.75
b = 0.85.f'c.b.d = -780937.5
c = Mn = 1824955.556
Determinan
= b2 – 4.a.c
= 5.98229E+11
(+) = 487.6518697
(-) = 2.348130344
Maka : a = 2.348130344
Mencari Mn (-)
Mn = Mu/pi
= 1824955.556 Nm
Menghitung As
As (-) = 0.85.f'c.a.b/fy
= 18.71166368 mm
Cek As min dan As max
Asmin = f'c^0.5/4.fy * b.d
= 114.84375
Asmax = promax.b.d
= 622.1775
Mencari nilai c
C = a/beta1
= 2.762506287
Mencari nilai c/d
= c/d
= 0.011275536 < 0.375 berarti tension controlled
Kebutuhan Jumlah Tulangan
= As / Luas Lingkaran
= 1.46223604 (2D10)

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |16

2.4 Perhitungan Tulangan Sengkang
A. Balok
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
ℎ = 150𝑚𝑚 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐷 − 𝐶 = 19,54 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 250𝑚𝑚 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐶 − 𝐵 = 11,81 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐵 − 𝐴 = 4,834 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑓𝑦 = 400𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐷 − 𝐶 = 6,841 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
λ =1 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑘 𝐷 − 𝐶 = 7,468 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝟏. 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝑫 − 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟗, 𝟓𝟒 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎 𝟐. 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝑪 − 𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏, 𝟖𝟏 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎

∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑) ∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .150.243,5) ∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .150.243,5)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23284,68 𝑁 ∅𝑉𝑐 = 23284,68 𝑁
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28 𝑘𝑁 ∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28.0,5 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28.0,5
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 11,64 𝑘𝑁 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 11,64 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐
11,64𝑘𝑁 < 19,54𝑘𝑁 < 23,28𝑘𝑁 11,64𝑘𝑁 < 11,81𝑘𝑁 < 23,28𝑘𝑁
𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝐷10 2𝑘𝑎𝑘𝑖 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝐷10 2𝑘𝑎𝑘𝑖
1 1
𝐴𝑣 = . 𝜋. 𝑑 2 . 2 𝐴𝑣 = . 𝜋. 𝑑 2 . 2
4 4
1 1
𝐴𝑣 = .3,14. 102 . 2 𝐴𝑣 = .3,14. 102 . 2
4 4
𝐴𝑣 = 157𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝑣 = 157𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦
𝑆1 = 𝑆1 =
0,62. √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏 0,62. √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏
157.400 157.400
𝑆1 = 𝑆1 =
0,62. √25 .150 0,62. √25 .150
𝑆1 = 1350,53𝑚𝑚 𝑆1 = 1350,53𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦
𝑆2 = 𝑆2 =
0,35 . 𝑏 0,35 . 𝑏
157.400 157.400
𝑆2 = 𝑆2 =
0,62 .150 0,62 .150
𝑆2 = 1196,19𝑚𝑚 ≈ 250𝑚𝑚 𝑆2 = 1196,19𝑚𝑚 ≈ 250𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝐷10 − 250 𝑆𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝐷10 − 250

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |17

𝟑. 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝑪 − 𝑨 = 𝟒, 𝟖𝟑𝟒 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎
∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .150.243,5)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23284,68 𝑁
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28.0,5
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 11,64 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐
11,64𝑘𝑁 < 4,834𝑘𝑁 < 23,28𝑘𝑁
𝑇𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑘 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑟,
𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝐷10 − 250
𝟒. 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝟏 − 𝟐 = 𝟔, 𝟖𝟒𝟏 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎
∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .150.243,5)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23284,68 𝑁
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28.0,5
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 11,64 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐
11,64𝑘𝑁 < 6,841𝑘𝑁 < 23,28𝑘𝑁
𝑇𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑘 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑟,
𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝐷10 − 250

𝟓. 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒌 𝟐 − 𝟑 = 𝟕, 𝟒𝟔𝟖 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎

∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .150.243,5)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23284,68 𝑁
∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 23,28.0,5
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 11,64 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐
11,64𝑘𝑁 < 7,468𝑘𝑁 < 23,28𝑘𝑁
𝑇𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑘 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑟,
𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑖 𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑝 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝐷10 − 250

B. Tangga dan Bordes

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
ℎ = 200𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 250𝑚𝑚 /750𝑚𝑚
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400𝑀𝑃𝑎
λ =1
𝑉𝑢 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 13,181 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑠 = 19,312 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝑽𝒖 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒈𝒂 𝑨𝒕𝒂𝒔 = 𝟏𝟑, 𝟏𝟖𝟏 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎 𝑽𝒖 𝑩𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒔 = 𝟏𝟗, 𝟑𝟏𝟐 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎𝒎

∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑) ∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅(0,17. λ . √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .250.165) ∅𝑉𝑐 = 0,75(0,17.1. √25 .750.165)
∅𝑉𝑐 = 26296,875 𝑁 ∅𝑉𝑐 = 394453,13 𝑁
∅𝑉𝑐 = 26,296 𝑘𝑁 ∅𝑉𝑐 = 39,44 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 26,296.0,5 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 39,44.0,5
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 13,148 𝑘𝑁 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 = 19,72 𝑘𝑁
0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐 0,5∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢 < ∅𝑉𝑐
13,148𝑘𝑁 < 19,54𝑘𝑁 < 26,296𝑘𝑁 19,72𝑘𝑁 < 11,81𝑘𝑁 < 39,44𝑘𝑁
𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝐷10 2𝑘𝑎𝑘𝑖 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝐷10 2𝑘𝑎𝑘𝑖

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |18

 1 1
𝐴𝑣 = . 𝜋. 𝑑 2 . 2 𝐴𝑣 = . 𝜋. 𝑑 2 . 2
4 4
1 1
𝐴𝑣 = .3,14. 102 . 2 𝐴𝑣 = .3,14. 102 . 2
4 4
𝐴𝑣 = 157𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝑣 = 157𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦
𝑆1 = 𝑆1 =
0,62. √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏 0,62. √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏
157.400 157.400
𝑆1 = 𝑆1 =
0,062. √25 .250 0,062. √25 .750
𝑆1 = 810,32 𝑚𝑚 𝑆1 = 270,1 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦
𝑆2 = 𝑆2 =
0,35 . 𝑏 0,35 . 𝑏
157.400 157.400
𝑆2 = 𝑆2 =
0,35 .250 0,62 .750
𝑆2 = 717,71 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 250𝑚𝑚 𝑆2 = 135,05 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 100𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝐷10 − 250 𝑆𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝐷10 − 100

2.5 Perhitungan Tulangan Kolom

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
𝐷 = 𝑃𝑢 = 3289,16 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 + 10516,8 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 13805,96 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑓 ′𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜌𝑔 = 1%
𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖 𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑙 = √𝐴𝑔 = √1060,3 = 32,56𝑚𝑚
𝐽 = 𝜌𝑔 =
𝐴𝑔 𝐷𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 250 − 250
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 𝜌𝑔 . 𝐴𝑔 𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 1%. 𝐴𝑔
= 1% . 𝐴𝑔 𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 0,01.250.250
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 0,01𝐴𝑔 𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 625𝑚2

𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 4𝐷16 ≈ 804,24𝑚𝑚2

∅𝑃𝑛 = ∅(0,80)(0,85. 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝐴𝑔 𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝐷10
+ 𝐴𝑠𝑡 (𝑓𝑦 − 0,85. 𝑓′𝑐)) 48𝑑𝑠 = 48.10 = 480𝑚𝑚
13805 = 0,65(0,80)(0,85.25. 𝐴𝑔 16𝑑𝑠 = 16.16 = 256𝑚𝑚
+ 0,01𝐴𝑔(400 − 0,85.25)) 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑘𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑚 = 250𝑚𝑚
13805 = 0,52(25,0375𝐴𝑔) 𝑀𝑎𝑘𝑎, 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑔 = 𝐷10 − 250
𝐴𝑔 = 1060,3 𝑚𝑚2

2.6 Perhitungan Kolom 5 Kondisi

Diketahui
h = 250mm 𝑑 = 192𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 250 𝑚𝑚 𝑑" = 67

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |19

 𝐴𝑠 = 2𝐷16 = 402,2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐴𝑠′ = 2𝐷16 = 402,2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎
16
ds = 40 + + 10 = 58
2
𝑑 ′ = 58𝑚𝑚

𝟏. 𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑩𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆
600
𝑐𝑏 = .𝑑
600 + 𝑓𝑦
600
= . 192
600 + 400
= 115,2 𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑏 = 𝐵1 . 𝑐𝑏
= 0,85 . 115,2
= 97,92 𝑚
𝑐𝑏 − 𝑑 ′
𝑓𝑠 = 600 ( ) ≤ 𝑓𝑦
𝑐𝑏
115,2 − 58
= 600 ( ) ≤ 400
115,2
= 297,917 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ≤ 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑜𝑘!)
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 . 𝑓′𝑐 . 𝑎𝑏 . 𝑏
= 0,85 . 25 . 97,92 . 250
= 520200 𝑁
𝑇 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑦
= 402,2 . 400
= 160880 𝑁
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′(𝑓𝑠 − 0,85𝑓 ′ 𝑐)
= 402,2(297,917 − 0,85 . 25)
= 111275,47 𝑁
Σ𝑀𝑐𝑜𝑔 = 0
ℎ ℎ 𝑎𝑏
𝑃𝑏. 𝑒𝑏 − 𝐶𝑠 ( − 𝑑 ′ ) − 𝐶𝑐 ( − ) − 𝑇. 𝑑" = 0
2 2 2
ℎ ℎ 𝑎
𝑀𝑏 = 𝐶𝑠 ( − 𝑑 ′ ) + 𝐶𝑐 ( − ) + 𝑇. 𝑑"
2 2 2
250 250 97,92
= 111220,134 ( − 58) + 520200 ( − ) + 160800 . 67
2 2 2
= 7451748,978 + 39556008 + 10773600
= 57781356,98 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 57,781 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑃𝑏 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 − 𝑇
= 520200 + 111220,134 − 160800 = 470620,134 𝑁
= 470,620 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑏
𝑒𝑏 =
𝑃𝑏
57781356,98
=
470620,134
= 122,777 𝑚𝑚

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |20

𝟐. 𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑻𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒌 𝒆 > 𝒆𝒃
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶ 𝑒𝑏 = 122, 777 𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = 120 𝑚𝑚
′
𝑒 =𝑒+𝑑
= 120 + 67
= 187 𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 . 𝑓′𝑐 . 𝑎. 𝑏
= 0,85 . 25 . 𝑎 . 250
= 5312,5𝑎 𝑁
𝑐 − 𝑑′
𝑓′𝑠 = ( ) 600
𝑐
𝑎
− 𝑑′ 𝑑 ′ . 𝛽1 58 . 0,85
𝛽1
= ( 𝑎 ) 600 = (1 − ) 600 = (1 − ) 600
𝑎 𝑎
𝛽1
29580
= 600 −
𝑎
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′(𝑓 ′ 𝑠 − 0,85. 𝑓 ′ 𝑐)
29580 29580 29580
= 402,2 (600 − ) − 0,85 . 25 = 402,2 (600 − ) − 21,25 = 402,2 (578,75 − )
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
11897076
= 232773,25 −
𝑎
𝑑−𝑐
𝑓𝑠 = ( ) 600
𝑐
𝑎
𝑑−𝛽 𝑑 .𝛽1 192−0,85
1
=( 𝑎 ) 600 = ( − 1) 600 = ( − 1) 600
𝑎 𝑎
𝛽1
97920
= + 600
𝑎
𝑇 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑠
97920 39383424
= 402,2 ( + 600) = + 241320
𝑎 𝑎
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑛
1 𝑎
𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 − 𝑇 = ′ + (𝐶𝑐 (𝑑 − ) + 𝐶𝑠(𝑑 − 𝑑 ′ ))
𝑒 2
11897076 39383424
5312,5 + 232773,25 − − + 241320
𝑎 𝑎
1 𝑎 11891160
= ( 5312,5 (192 − ) + 232657, − ) (192 − 58)
207 2 𝑎
𝒂 = 𝟗𝟎, 𝟒𝟑𝟒𝟎𝟗
𝑎 92,78553
𝐶= = = 106,3930471
𝛽1 0,85

𝑃𝑛 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 − 𝑇
11897076 39383424
= 5312,5 (90,43409) + (232773,25 − )− ( + 241320)
90,43409 90,43409
= 387476,0199 𝑁

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |21

 = 387,47 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑃𝑛 𝑥 𝑒
= 387476,0199 . 120
= 58121402,99 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 58,12 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝟑. 𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑻𝒆𝒌𝒂𝒏 𝒆 < 𝒆𝒃
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶ 𝑒𝑏 = 122, 777 𝑚𝑚
𝑒 = 100 𝑚𝑚
′
𝑒 =𝑒+𝑑
= 100 + 67
= 167 𝑚𝑚
𝑐 − 𝑑′
𝑓′𝑠 = ( ) 600
𝑐
𝑎
− 𝑑′ 𝑑 ′ . 𝛽1 58 . 0,85
𝛽1
= ( 𝑎 ) 600 = (1 − ) 600 = (1 − ) 600
𝑎 𝑎
𝛽1
29580
= 600 −
𝑎
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′(𝑓 ′ 𝑠 − 0,85. 𝑓 ′ 𝑐)
29580 29580 29580
= 402,2 (600 − ) − 0,85 . 25 = 402,2 (600 − ) − 21,25 = 402,2 (578,75 − )
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
11897076
= 232773,25 −
𝑎
𝑑−𝑐
𝑓𝑠 = ( ) 600
𝑐
𝑎
𝑑−𝛽 𝑑 .𝛽1 192−0,85
1
=( 𝑎 ) 600 = ( − 1) 600 = ( − 1) 600
𝑎 𝑎
𝛽1
97920
= + 600
𝑎
𝑇 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑠
97920 39383424
= 402,2 ( + 600) = + 241320
𝑎 𝑎
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑛
1 𝑎
𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 − 𝑇 = ′ + (𝐶𝑐 (𝑑 − ) + 𝐶𝑠(𝑑 − 𝑑 ′ ))
𝑒 2
11897076 39383424
5312,5 + 232773,25 − − + 241320
𝑎 𝑎
1 𝑎 11891160
= ( 5312,5 (192 − ) + 232657, − ) (192 − 58)
167 2 𝑎
𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎𝟕, 𝟗𝟏𝟔𝟏𝟗
𝑎 107,91619
𝐶= = = 126,9602235
𝛽1 0,85

𝑃𝑛 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 − 𝑇
11897076 39383424
= 5312,5 (107,91619) + (232773,25 − )− ( + 241320)
107,91619 107,91619
= 572209,8101𝑁

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |22

 = 572,2 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑃𝑛 𝑥 𝑒
= 572209,8101 . 100
= 57220981.01 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 57,22 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝟒. 𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑻𝒆𝒌𝒂𝒏 𝒆 = 𝟎
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶ 𝑀𝑛 = 0
∅Pn = ∅(0,80)(0,85. 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝐴𝑔 + 𝐴𝑠𝑡 (𝑓𝑦 − 0,85𝑓′𝑐))
= 0,65 . (0,80) (0,85 . 25 . 250 . 250 + 402,2 (400 − 0,85 . 25))
= 0,52 (1488983,75)
= 774271,56 𝑁
= 774,27 𝑘𝑁
𝟓. 𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑻𝒆𝒌𝒂𝒏 𝒆 = ∞
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶ 𝑃𝑛 = 0
𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑦
𝑎=
0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 . 𝑏
402,2 𝑥 400
=
0,85 . 25 . 250
= 30,28
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − )
2
30,268
= 402,2 . 400 (192 − )
2
= 160880 (176,866)
= 28453236,8 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 28,45 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

Tabel 3. Nilai Pn dan Mn pada Kolom 5 Kondisi

𝑲𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒊 𝑷𝒏 (𝒌𝑵) 𝑴𝒏 (𝒌𝑵) 𝒆 (𝒎𝒎)

𝒆=𝟎 774,27 0 0

𝑻𝒆𝒌𝒂𝒏 (𝒆 < 𝒆𝒃) 572,2 57,22 100

𝑺𝒆𝒊𝒎𝒃𝒂𝒏𝒈 (𝒆𝒃) 470,59 57,79 122,8

𝑻𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒌 (𝒆 > 𝒆𝒃) 387,47 58,12 150

𝒆=∞ 0 28,45 ∞

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |23

2.7 Diagram Interaksi Kolom

Tabel 4. Nilai Pu dan Mu Hasil Output Software SAP2000

𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑷𝒖 (𝒌𝑵. 𝒎) 𝑴𝒖 (𝒌𝑵. 𝒎)

𝟏𝟐𝟑 6,481 1,649
𝟑 − 𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫 10,517 8,1976

Gambar 6. Axial Force Portal 123 Hasil Output Software SAP2000

Gambar 7. Axial Force Portal 3-ABCD Hasil Output Software SAP2000

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |24

 DIAGRAM INTERAKSI KOLOM
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Gambar 8. Diagram Interaksi Kolom

Gambar 9. Diagram Interaksi Kolom dengan SpColoumn

2.8 Perhitungan Tulangan Pondasi

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
𝑃𝐷𝐿 = 7,28 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑙
= 30 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 (𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑘 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑙𝑢𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑟𝑢𝑡 𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑔ℎ𝑖&𝑃𝑒𝑐𝑘)
𝑃𝐿𝐿 = 3,18 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 𝑇𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑏𝑢𝑛𝑎𝑛 (ℎ) = 600 𝑚
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑇𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑘 = 400 𝑚𝑚
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝜌𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑎ℎ = 16 𝑚³
𝐴 = 250𝑚𝑚 𝑥 250𝑚𝑚

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |25

𝟏. 𝐃𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢
#Pnetto = σall − 0,6(24) − 0,6(16)
= 30 − 14,4 − 9,6
= 6 kN/m²
7,27 + 3,18
#A Perlu =
6
= 1,742 m2
Maka dapat dipilih ukuran telapak sebesar 1000 x 1000𝑚𝑚2 (𝐴 = 1𝑚2 )

Berat Kolom = 7,28 + 3,18 = 10,46 kN

Berat Pondasi = 1(1) (0,4)24 = 9,6 kN
Berat Tanah = (12 − 0,252 )(0,6)16 = 9 kN
Berat kolom + Berat Pondasi + Berat Tanah = 10,46 + 9,6 + 9
= 26,66 kN
26,66
Tegangan Tanah =
1.1
= 26,66 kN/𝑚2
Tegangan Tanah < Tegangan Izin (26,66 < 30 kN/𝑚2 )

𝟐. 𝐆𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐫 𝟏 𝐀𝐫𝐚𝐡
#𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑎 = 𝑡𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑠𝑖 − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 − 1 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛
= 400 − 75 − 13
= 312 𝑚𝑚
1,2(7,28) + 1,6(3,18) 13,824
#𝑃𝑢𝑙𝑡 = =
1 .1 1
= 13,824 𝑘𝑁/𝑚²
#𝑉𝑢1 = 𝑃𝑢𝑙𝑡 𝑥 𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑘𝑡𝑖𝑓 𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑘𝑡𝑖𝑓 = 0,5 − 0,125 − 0,212
= 13,824 . 0,163 . 1 = 0,163
= 2,253 𝑘𝑁
#∅𝑉𝑛 = ∅ (0.17 . ⅄ . √f ′ c . b . d )
= 0,75 (0.17 . 1 . √25. 1000. 312 )
= 198900 N
= 198,9 KN < Vu … . . Ok!

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |26

2.9 Perhitungan Tulangan Tangga dan Bordes

Gambar 10. Denah Tangga

𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑠𝑖 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖 𝑑𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑟

∑ 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 =
𝑂𝑝𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑒
4000
∑ 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 = = 20 (𝑆𝑢𝑑𝑎ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑠)
200
Pembebanan Anak Tangga

𝐴𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒 = 25𝑐𝑚
2𝑂𝑝 + 𝐴𝑡 → 2(20) + 25 = 65𝑐𝑚 → 𝑂𝐾!
• Berat anak tangga

25cm
20cm

𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡 1 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎

= 0,5 𝑥 (0,2𝑥0,5)𝑥2400 𝑞 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑘 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎
= 0,5 𝑥 (0,2𝑥0,5)𝑥2400 = 60/0,32
= 60𝑘𝑔/𝑚 (𝑈𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑘 𝑃𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑔 0,32𝑚)
= 187,5 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |27

 • Beban anak tangga
Beban Mati
1. Berat sendiri pelat tangga 0,15 x 2.400 = 360 Kg/m2
2. Finishing / Adukan 2cm 0,02 x 2.100 = 42 Kg/m2
3. Granit/ Keramik 1 cm 0,001 x 2.400 = 24 Kg/m2
4. Berat anak tangga = 187,5 Kg/m2
Total qD = 613,5 Kg/m2
Beban Hidup
1. Total qL = 250 Kg/m2

• Untuk tangga selebar 0, 75 m, maka :

𝑞𝐷𝐿 = 𝑏𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 = 613,5 𝑥 0,75 = 460,125 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

𝑞𝐿𝐿 = 𝑏𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑛 ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑝 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 = 250 𝑥 0,75 = 187,5 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

• Untuk bordes, tidak ada berat anak tangga. Dan lebar bordes 1,5 m, maka :
𝑞𝐷𝐿 = 𝑏𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 = 426 𝑥 1,5 = 639 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

𝑞𝐿𝐿 = 𝑏𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑛 ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑝 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 = 250 𝑥 1,5 = 375 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

𝑞𝐷𝐿 = 693 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

𝑞𝐿𝐿 = 375 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

Gambar 11. Detail Pembebanan Tangga

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |28

 Gambar 12. Nilai Momen Tangga Hasil Output Software SAP2000

A. Perhitungan Penulangan Tangga Bawah

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
𝑀𝑢 = 43969404 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ = 0,9
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑑𝐵 = 13 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 250𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 200 𝑚𝑚

𝑑𝐵
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑔 −
2
13
= 200 − 40 − 10 −
2
= 143,5 𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑢 43969404
𝑀𝑛 = = = 4885493,33 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ 0,9
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐 . 𝑧
𝑎
= 0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏 . (𝑑 − )
2
= 0,85 . 25 . 143,5 . 250 . 𝑎 − 0,425 . 25 . 250 . 𝑎2 + 4885493,33
= 2656,25 𝑎2 − 762343,75 𝑎 + 4885493,33
𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
=
2𝑎

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |29

 762343,75 ± √(−762343,75)2 − 4(2656,25)(4885493,33)
=
2 𝑥 2656,25
𝑎1 = 6,55 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑎2 = 280,44 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒉𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒔
0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏
𝐴𝑆 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85 . 25 . 6,55 . 250
=
400
= 86,99 𝑚𝑚2
𝑪𝒆𝒌 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙
√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 ≥ 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 250.143,5 ≥ 250.143,5
4.400 400
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 112,12𝑚𝑚2 ≥ 125,56𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ρ max. 𝑏 . 𝑑
= 0,01693 .250 . 143,5
= 607,364 𝑚𝑚2
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝒏𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒊 𝒄
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽
6,55
=
0,85
= 7,705
𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑐 7,705
=
𝑑 143,5
= 0,053 < 0,375 (𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘)
𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 112,109 𝑚𝑚2
Maka desain tulangan tersebut terpasang 2D13
B. Perhitungan Penulangan Bordes
𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶

𝑀𝑢 = 10713972 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ = 0,9
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑑𝐵 = 13 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 750𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 200 𝑚𝑚

𝑑𝐵
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑔 −
2

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |30

 13
= 200 − 40 − 10 −
2
= 143,5 𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑢 10713972
𝑀𝑛 = = = 11904413,33 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ 0,9

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐 . 𝑧
𝑎
= 0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏 . (𝑑 − )
2
= 0,85 . 25 . 143,5 . 750 . 𝑎 − 0,425 . 25 . 750 . 𝑎2 + 11904413,33
= 7968,75 𝑎2 − 2287031,25 𝑎 + 11904413,33

𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
=
2𝑎
2287031,25 ± √(−2287031,25)2 − 4(7968,75)(11904413,33 )
=
2 𝑥 7968,75
𝑎1 = 5,303 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑎2 = 281,69 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒉𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝑺
0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏
𝐴𝑆 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85 . 25 .5,303. 250
=
400
= 211,29 𝑚𝑚2
𝑪𝒆𝒌 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙
√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 ≥ 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 750.143,5 ≥ 750.143,5
4.400 400
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 336,32𝑚𝑚2 ≥ 376,68𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ρ max. 𝑏 . 𝑑
= 0,01693 . 750 . 143,5
= 1822,19 𝑚𝑚2
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝒏𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒊 𝒄
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽
5,303
=
0,85
= 6,23
𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑐 6,23
=
𝑑 143,5
= 0,04 < 0,375 (𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘)

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |31

𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 211,29 𝑚𝑚2
Maka desain tulangan tersebut terpasang 2D13

C. Perhitungan Penulangan Tangga Atas

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶

𝑀𝑢 = 5356986 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ = 0,9
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑑𝐵 = 13 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 750𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 200 𝑚𝑚

𝑑𝐵
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑔 −
2
13
= 200 − 40 − 10 −
2
= 143,5 𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑢 5356986
𝑀𝑛 = = = 5952206,67 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ 0,9

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐 . 𝑧
𝑎
= 0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏 . (𝑑 − )
2
= 0,85 . 25 . 143,5 . 750 . 𝑎 − 0,425 . 25 . 750 . 𝑎2 + 5952206,67
= 7968,75 𝑎2 − 2287031,25 𝑎 + 5952206,67

𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
=
2𝑎
2287031,25 ± √(−2287031,25)2 − 4(7968,75)(5952206,67)
=
2 𝑥 7968,75
𝑎1 = 8,03 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑎2 = 278,96 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒉𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝑺
0,85 . 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏
𝐴𝑆 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85 . 25 .8,03. 250
=
400
= 106,64 𝑚𝑚2
𝑪𝒆𝒌 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙
√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 ≥ 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 250.143,5 ≥ 250.143,5
4.400 400

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |32

𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 112,12𝑚𝑚2 ≥ 125,56𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ρ max. 𝑏 . 𝑑
= 0,01693 . 250 . 143,5 = 607,364 𝑚𝑚2
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝒏𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒊 𝒄
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽
8,03
=
0,85
= 9,44
𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑐 9,44
=
𝑑 143,5
= 0,06 < 0,375 (𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘)
𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 211,29 𝑚𝑚2
Maka desain tulangan tersebut terpasang 2D13

2.10 Perhitungan Tulangan Pelat Lantai

A. One Way Slab
Tabel 5. Perhitungan Beban Pelat Lantai

Beban Mati
1. Berat sendiri pelat 0,12 x 2.400 = 288 Kg/m2
2. Finishing adukan 2 cm 0,02 x 2.100 = 42 Kg/m2
3. Marmer/ Granit/ Keramik 1 cm 0,001 x 2.400 = 24 Kg/m2
4. Plafon+rangka = 18 Kg/m2
5. Ducting/ ME = 25 Kg/m2
Total qD = 397 Kg/m2
Beban Hidup
1. Total qL = 250 Kg/m2

𝑞𝑈 = 1,2. (𝑞𝐷 ) + 1,6. (𝑞𝐿) 1

𝑀𝑢 = . 𝑞𝑈. 𝐼 2
8
𝑞𝑈 = 1,2. (397) + 1,6. (250) 1
𝑀𝑢 = . 876,4. 12
8
𝑞𝑈 = 476,4 + 400 𝑀𝑢 = 109,55 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
𝑞𝑈 = 876,4 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 𝑀𝑢 = 1074318,5 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖
𝑀𝑢 = 1074318,5 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 1000 𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 120 𝑚𝑚

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |33

𝑓 ′𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 ∶
∅ = 0,9 𝑑𝐵 = 13𝑚𝑚

𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 − 𝑑𝐵/2
𝑑 = 120 − 20 − 10/2
𝑑 = 95𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑢 = ∅. 𝑀𝑛
𝑀𝑢
𝑀𝑛 =
∅
1074318,5
𝑀𝑛 =
0,9
𝑀𝑛 = 1193687,2 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐. 𝑧
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 0,85. 𝑓 ′𝑐. 𝑎. 𝑏(𝑑 − )
2
𝑎
0 = 0,85.25. 𝑎. 1000 (95 − ) − 1193687,2
2
0 = 2018750𝑎 − 10625𝑎2 − 1193687,2
0 = 𝑎2 − 190𝑎 + 112,35
𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
−𝑏 ± √𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
−(−190) ± √(−190)2 − 4.1.112,35
2.1
𝑎1 = 189,4
𝑎2 = 0,59
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝑨𝒔
0,85. 𝑎. 𝑏. 𝑓′𝑐
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85.0,59.1000.25
𝐴𝑠 =
400
𝐴𝑠 = 31,34𝑚𝑚
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑇𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑦𝑎 = 4𝐷10
𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙
√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 ≥ . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 1000.95 ≥ .1000.95
4.400 400

𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 296,875𝑚𝑚 ≥ 332,5𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥. 𝑏. 𝑑

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |34

𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 1068,35𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 0,01693.1000.95
𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑎
𝑐=
𝛽1
0,59
𝑐=
0,85
𝑐 = 0,694
𝑐 0,694
=
𝑑 95
= 0,0073
0,0073 ≤ 0,375 … … . . 𝑂𝑘!

𝑻𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒏 𝑺𝒖𝒔𝒖𝒕
= 𝐾𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛. 𝑏. ℎ
= 0,0018.1000.120
= 216𝑚𝑚2
𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 3𝐷10 ≈ 263𝑚𝑚2
∴ 𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑇𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖 𝑂𝑛𝑒 𝑊𝑎𝑦 𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏 𝑝𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎ℎ 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖 2 𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑙𝑎ℎ 4𝐷10
𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝑇𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑢𝑡 3𝐷10, 𝑀𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑢ℎ𝑖 𝑠𝑦𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡 ∶
1. 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥
296,375 < 314 < 1608,35
2. 𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑖 𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
0,0073 < 0,375 → ∅ = 0,9

B. Two Way Slab

𝐿𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑔 3000
= = 1,2 𝑚𝑚
𝐿𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑘 2500

Arah X
𝐾𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 46
𝑀1 𝑥𝑢 → 𝑀𝑡 𝑥𝑢 = 0,001 . 𝑞𝑈 (𝐿𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑘 )2 . 𝑘𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝑥
= 0,001 . 874,6 (2,5)2 . 46
= 25144,75 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
= 246585,76 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 2,46 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
𝑀𝑡 𝑥𝑢 = 2,46 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ = 0,9
𝑓 ′𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |35

𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝑑𝐵 = 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 1000𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 120 𝑚𝑚

𝑑𝐵
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 −
2
10
= 120 − 20 − = 95 𝑚𝑚
2
𝑀𝑢 2465857,6
𝑀𝑛 = = = 2739842 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ 0,9
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐 . 𝑧
𝑎
= 0,85 . 𝑓 ′𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏 . (𝑑 − )
2
𝑎
= 0,85 . 25 . 𝑎 . 1000 (95 − ) − 2739842
2
= 2018750 𝑎 − 10625 𝑎2 − 2739842
= 𝑎2 − 190𝑎 + 257,86

𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
−𝑏 ± √𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
−(−190) ± √(−190)2 − 4 . 1 . 257,86
2.1
𝑎1 = 1,36
𝑎2 = 188,63

𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝑨𝒔
0,85. 𝑎. 𝑏. 𝑓′𝑐
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85 . 1,36 . 1000 . 25
=
400
= 72,25 𝑚𝑚2
Desain Tulangannya = 4D10 terpasang 314 𝑚𝑚2

𝑪𝒆𝒌 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙

√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = ≥ . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = ≥ .1000.95
4.400 400
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 296,875 𝑚𝑚2 ≥ 332,5 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥. 𝑏. 𝑑
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 0,01693.1000.95 = 1068,35 𝑚𝑚2

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |36

𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑎 1,36
𝑐= = = 1,6
𝛽1 0,85
𝑐 1,6
= = 0,016 ≤ 0,375 … … . . 𝑂𝑘!
𝑑 95

∴ 𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
Desain Tulangan plat lantai Two Way Slab arah x adalah 4D10, memenuhi syarat ∶
1. Asmin < As < Asmax
296,875 < 314 < 1608,35
2. Berada di zona tension
0,016 < 0,375 → ∅ = 0,9

Arah Y
𝐾𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 38
𝑀1 𝑦𝑢 → 𝑀𝑡 𝑦𝑢 = 0,001 . 𝑞𝑈 (𝐿𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑘 )2 . 𝑘𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝑦
= 0,001 . 874,6 (2,5)2 . 38
= 207,7175 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
= 203701,28 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
= 2,037 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚𝑚

𝐷𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑎ℎ𝑢𝑖 ∶
𝑀𝑡 𝑦𝑢 = 2037012 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ = 0,9
𝑓 ′𝑐 = 25 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑖 𝑑𝐵 = 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 1000𝑚𝑚
ℎ = 120 𝑚𝑚

𝑑𝐵
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑡 −
2
10
= 120 − 20 − = 95 𝑚𝑚
2
𝑀𝑢 2037012
𝑀𝑛 = = = 2263346,67 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
ϕ 0,9
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑐 . 𝑧
𝑎
= 0,85 . 𝑓 ′𝑐. 𝑎 . 𝑏 . (𝑑 − )
2
𝑎
= 0,85 . 25 . 𝑎 . 1000 (95 − ) − 2263346,67
2
= 2018750 𝑎 − 10625 𝑎2 − 2263346,67
= 𝑎2 − 190𝑎 + 213,02

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |37

𝑹𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒔 𝑨𝑩𝑪
−𝑏 ± √𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
−(−190) ± √(−190)2 − 4 . 1 . 213,02
2.1
𝑎1 = 1,128
𝑎2 = 188,872

𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒊 𝑨𝒔
0,85. 𝑎. 𝑏. 𝑓′𝑐
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑦
0,85 . 1,128 . 1000 . 25
=
400
= 59,925 𝑚𝑚2
Desain Tulangannya = 4D10 terpasang 314 𝑚𝑚2

𝑪𝒆𝒌 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙

√𝑓′𝑐 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = ≥ . 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑
4. 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
√25 1,4
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = ≥ .1000.95
4.400 400
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑖𝑛 = 296,875 𝑚𝑚2 ≥ 332,5 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥. 𝑏. 𝑑
𝐴𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 0,01693.1000.95 = 1068,35 𝑚𝑚2

𝑷𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒌𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒁𝒐𝒏𝒂 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏

𝑎 1,128
𝑐= = = 1,33
𝛽1 0,85
𝑐 1,33
= = 0,014 ≤ 0,375 … … . . 𝑂𝑘!
𝑑 95

∴ 𝑲𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒏
Desain Tulangan plat lantai Two Way Slab arah y adalah 4D10, memenuhi syarat ∶
1. Asmin < As < Asmax
296,875 < 314 < 1608,35
2. Berada di zona tension
0,014 < 0,375 → ∅ = 0,9

PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR BETON |38