on HPE ProLiant®
The Definitive Guide to
Hyperconverged Infrastructure
Table of Contents
IT at a Crossroads........................................................................................................................5
Time for a Different Approach?.............................................................................6
What is Hyperconverged Infrastructure?..........................................................6
Acropolis .......................................................................................................................................11
Distributed Storage Fabric (DSF) ................................................................................. 11
Acropolis Hypervisor (AHV)............................................................................................. 11
App Mobility Fabric (AMF)................................................................................................ 11
Distributed Storage Fabric (DSF)....................................................................... 12
Infrastructure Resilience.......................................................................................... 13
Tunable Redundancy........................................................................................................... 13
Replication Factor versus RAID........................................................................... 13
Data Path Redundancy....................................................................................................... 13
Nutanix Software Upgrades and Data Path Redundancy.......................14
Integrity Checks.....................................................................................................................14
Availability Domains.............................................................................................................14
About Nutanix........................................................................................................................42
4
1.
IT at a Crossroads
IT is increasingly being asked to spend less time on infrastructure
and allocate more time and budget to application services that
add business value. Despite a continuous stream of IT hardware
and software enhancements, the infrastructure challenges faced by
IT teams continue to rise. The IT infrastructure and virtualization
software required to meet the needs of business is complex and
expensive, and datacenter management has become painful. Far
too much time and effort are focused on just keeping the lights on.
1. INHERENT COMPLEXITY
2. INEFFICIENT SILOS
3. FORKLIFT SCALING
4. PAINFUL MANAGEMENT
5
Time for a Different Approach?
Enterprise IT teams today are looking for ways to deliver on-
premises IT services with the speed and operational efficiency
of public cloud services such as Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure and Google Compute Engine.
6
2.
The Nutanix Solution
Nutanix converges the entire datacenter stack including compute,
storage, storage networking, and virtualization. Complex and
expensive legacy infrastructure is replaced by HPE ProLiant® servers
that enable enterprises to start small and scale one node at a time.
Each server, also known as a node, includes Intel-powered x86
hardware with flash SSDs and HDDs. Nutanix software running on
each node distributes all operating functions across the cluster for
superior performance and resilience.
VIRTUALIZATION
CONVERGED
COMPUTER, STORAGE
SERVER & VIRTUALIZATION
STORAGE
NETWORK
7
A single Nutanix cluster can have an unlimited number of nodes.
Different hardware platforms are available to address varying
workload needs for compute and storage. Nutanix software is
hardware agnostic and runs on HPE ProLiant hardware, Nutanix
hardware, and also hardware from OEMs such as Dell and Lenovo.
Prism Acropolis
Infrastructure
Management App Mobility Fabric
8
How Nutanix Software Is Deployed
A Nutanix cluster is 100% software defined. Each node in a cluster
runs a hypervisor (VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, or Nutanix
AHV), and the Nutanix software runs as a virtual machine called the
Controller VM (CVM) that runs on every node in the cluster. This
allows Nutanix systems to be hypervisor agnostic. The CVM includes
Prism management functions and Acropolis data plane functions.
9
“My key requirements were to have
something that was simple, easy to
manage, and ideally a single pane of
glass. I wanted a solution that was very
powerful and also very versatile. For
me, Nutanix ticked all of those boxes.”
PURDIP BAHRA
IT Manager, Joseph Chamberlain College
10
3.
Acropolis
Nutanix Acropolis has three major components:
11
Distributed Storage Fabric (DSF)
The Acropolis Distributed Storage Fabric is designed to simplify
storage and data management for virtual environments. By pooling
flash and hard disk drive storage across a Nutanix cluster and
exporting it out to the virtualization layer as iSCSI, NFS and SMB
shares, DSF eliminates the need for SAN and NAS solutions.
FIGURE 4: Acropolis Distributed Storage Fabric joins HDD and SSD resources from
across a cluster into a storage pool.
vDisk. A vDisk is any file over 512KB on DSF including .vmdk files
and VM hard disks. vDisks are composed of extents which are
grouped and stored on disk as an extent group.
12
Infrastructure Resilience
The Nutanix platform is fault resistant, with no single points of
failure and no bottlenecks.
TUNABLE REDUNDANCY
With Tunable Redundancy, each Nutanix container is configured
with a replication factor (RF) of two or three. RF=2 ensures that
two copies of data are maintained at all times, allowing the cluster
to survive the failure of a single node or drive. When RF is set
to 3 (RF=3), three copies of the data are maintained in a cluster,
providing resilience against two simultaneous failures.
13
NUTANIX SOFTWARE UPGRADES AND DATA PATH REDUNDANCY
INTEGRITY CHECKS
Acropolis has a variety of features to proactively identify and fix
issues related to data consistency and integrity, bit rot failures, and
hard disk corruption.
AVAILABILITY DOMAINS
Availability Domains offer greater protection from hardware failures
by allowing Nutanix clusters to survive the failure of a node or blade
chassis (multi-node enclosure). Availability domains are created
based on the granularity at which failures are likely to occur.
14
4.
Performance Acceleration
DSF includes a number of capabilities that enhance performance:
INTELLIGENT TIERING
DSF continually monitors data access patterns and optimizes
data placement on either the SSD or HDD tier, achieving the best
performance without administrator intervention.
The SSD tier provides maximum performance for hot data and
random I/O, while the HDD tier provides maximum capacity and
economy for cold data and sequential I/O.
DATA LOCALITY
DSF ensures that as much of a VM’s data as possible is stored
on the node where the VM is running. This negates the need for
read I/O to go through the network. Keeping data local optimizes
performance and minimizes network congestion.
Every VM’s data is served locally from the CVM and stored
preferentially on local storage. When a VM is moved from one
node to another using vMotion or Live Migration (or during an HA
event), the migrated VM’s data automatically follows the VM in the
background based on read patterns.
15
Automatic Disk Balancing reacts to changing workloads and
allows heterogeneous nodes to be mixed in a single cluster. Once
utilization reaches a set threshold, disk balancing keeps it uniform
among nodes.
VM FLASH MODE
VM Flash Mode pins specific VMs or vDisks to the cluster-wide SSD
tier, so that IOPS and latency-sensitive workloads can be mixed
with other workloads in a single cluster, without compromising on
performance. VM Flash Mode gives fine-grained control over I/O
performance. For instance, all database transaction logs can be
pinned in flash. Or all financial data can be pinned in flash during
quarter-end reporting.
HOT
Cluster-wide SSD Tier
16
SHADOW CLONES
Shadow Clones significantly improve performance by caching
virtual machine data across a Nutanix cluster. Unique to Nutanix,
Shadow Clones benefit scenarios where there are multiple VMs
reading a single source of data, such as deployment servers and
repositories. VDI deployments, where many linked clones forward
read requests to a central master (e.g., Citrix MCS Master VM, App
Volumes layers or VMware View replica disks), are an ideal example.
17
18
5.
Capacity Optimization
DSF incorporates a wide range of storage optimization technologies
that work together to make efficient use of the available capacity in
a cluster.
DEDUPLICATION
Nutanix delivers two types of data deduplication to accelerate
application performance and optimize storage capacity.
Performance-tier deduplication removes duplicate data in the
content cache (SSD and memory) to reduce the footprint of
an application’s working set. In addition, global post-process
MapReduce deduplication reduces repetitive data in the capacity
tier to increase the effective storage capacity of a cluster. Both
forms of deduplication can be easily configured and managed at
vDisk granularity.
COMPRESSION
Data can be compressed inline as it is written to the system, or post
process after the data has been written. Inline and Post process
compression is intelligently determined based on sequential or
random access patterns to enable optimal performance. Post-
process compression is executed as a series of MapReduce jobs.
19
DSF uses the Google Snappy compression algorithm, providing
good compression ratios with minimal computational overhead
and extremely fast compression and decompression rates.
EC-X
Nutanix systems include an innovative erasure coding technology
—Nutanix EC-X—that provides resilience and can increase usable
capacity by up to 75%. EC-X reduces the capacity cost of replication
factor (RF) without taking away any of the resilience benefits and
with no impact on write performance.
20
6.
Data Protection
Nutanix offers natively integrated data protection and continuous
availability at the VM level. A range of options is available to meet
the recovery point objective (RPO) and recovery time objective
(RTO) of different applications.
Recovery Time Objective (RTO) defines how much time you have
to recover if an IT failure occurs.
21
CONVERGED LOCAL BACKUPS WITH
SNAPSHOTS AND TIME STREAM
Nutanix Time Stream can create unlimited local snapshots—with
VM and application-level consistency—and recover data instantly to
meet a wide range of backup and data protection requirements.
22
CLOUD CONNECT
Nutanix Cloud Connect lets enterprises use public cloud services,
such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure, as a
long-term backup destination for all types of workloads, making
them a logical extension of their own datacenters.
23
“We were focused on flexibility and
innovation. We were looking for a partner
who would be able to understand our
business needs. With Nutanix, there was
a willingness to listen and propose an
innovative solution.”
LAURENT PERRIAULT
Director of Operations, Claranet
24
7.
Security
Nutanix Acropolis is hardened by default. It utilizes the principle
of least privilege, and delivers a true defense-in-depth model. Its
custom security baseline exceeds the requirements of the U.S.
Department of Defense.
DATA-AT-REST ENCRYPTION
Data-at-rest encryption is delivered through self-encrypting drives
(SED) that are factory-installed in Nutanix hardware. This provides
strong data protection by encrypting user and application data
for FIPS 140-2 Level 2 compliance. Acropolis interfaces with third-
party key management servers using the industry-standard Key
Management Interface Protocol (KMIP) instead of storing the keys
in the cluster.
25
TWO-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION & CLUSTER LOCKDOWN
Nutanix solutions enforce two-factor authentication for system
administrators in environments requiring additional layers of
security. When implemented, administrator logins require a
combination of a client certificate and username/password.
26
8.
Hypervisors & Application Mobility
Acropolis provides an open platform for virtualization and
application mobility by taking advantage of the same underlying
web-scale architecture.
27
Foundation: Automatically install the hypervisor of your choice on
a Nutanix cluster
28
Hypervisor scalability limits
VMWARE MICROSOFT
ESXI* HYPER-V** AHV
29
Simplicity Scalability Security
• VM-centric policies • VM management scales • Security built into SDLC
• Single pane of glass in step with the cluster • Custom STIG
• Single vendor support • Complements pay-as-you- • Self-healing with SaltStack
• High automation grow economics
30
AHV DATA PROTECTION
Ensuring data protection for VMs running on AHV is a simple
process. Each VM is automatically protected according to a
designated schedule that can include local snapshots as well as
replication to a remote site. AHV has full access to all the data
protection capabilities of Acropolis as described earlier.
AHV NETWORKING
Acropolis Hypervisor uses Open vSwitch (OVS) to connect the
Controller VM, hypervisor, and guest VMs to each other and to
physical networks. OVS runs on each AHV node and starts automati-
cally, greatly simplifying networking within a Nutanix cluster.
31
32
9.
Datacenter Management
with Nutanix Prism
Nutanix Prism provides an easy way to manage Nutanix
environments end to end. Prism combines multiple aspects of
datacenter management into a single consumer-grade product that
lets IT admins manage infrastructure and virtualization, gain access
to operational insights, and fix problems all with a few clicks.
Just as Acropolis creates a data plane that spans the entire cluster,
Prism creates a cluster-wide management plane. High Availability is
built right into the product removing the need to have to manage
the management solution.
33
• Instant Search: Integrated search to query and perform actions
quickly.
Interfaces Management
Prism
HTML 5 UI REST API Policy Services
CLI Analytics
Managed
Virtualization Management
Hypervisor(s) Cloud
34
VM — Full VM management for AHV, monitoring, and create, read,
update, and delete (CRUD) for ESXi ; VM monitoring for Hyper-V
35
PRISM KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS
36
Central Management PRO TIP: PRISM CENTRAL
37
38
10.
HPE ProLiant® Deployment
Nutanix’s HPE ProLiant® deployment offering was driven by strong
demand from customers and channel partners. This deployment
alternative offers the flexibility of deploying Nutanix on HPE® in a
meet in the channel delivery model while enjoying the same reliable
and delightful experience as other Nutanix hardware alternatives
39
ProLiant DL360-G9 is a 1U rack server that offers up to 8 small
form factor (SFF) drive bays. This alternative allows for an all-flash
configuration or a hybrid option consisting of 2x SSD and up to
6x HDD’s. The DL360 is an excellent fit for VDI, middleware, web
services and general server virtualization use cases.
The HFCL also specifies the supported HPE firmware for each
node to ensure stability and performance of the Nutanix platform
on ProLiant. Nutanix performs regression testing of firmware on a
monthly basis that includes tracking performance between versions
and comparing to other supported hardware platforms.
40
HOW SUPPORT WORKS
Nutanix provides first call support on HPE ProLiant® hardware
related requests and full support for the Nutanix software. This
allows for single contact to initiate all support requests. Customers
also have the option to call HPE® first for obvious hardware issues
41
Ready to learn more about hyperconverged infrastructure? Contact
us at info@nutanix.com, follow us on Twitter @nutanix, or send us a
request at www.nutanix.com/demo to set up your own customized
briefing and demonstration to see how validated and certified
solutions from Nutanix can help your organization make the most
of its enterprise applications.
ABOUT NUTANIX
Nutanix makes infrastructure invisible, elevating IT to focus on the
applications and services that power their business. The Nutanix
enterprise cloud platform leverages web-scale engineering and
consumer-grade design to natively converge compute, virtualization
and storage into a resilient, software-defined solution with rich
machine intelligence. The result is predictable performance, cloud-
like infrastructure consumption, robust security, and seamless
application mobility for a broad range of enterprise applications.
© 2017 Nutanix, Inc. All rights reserved. Nutanix™ is a trademark of Nutanix, Inc., registered in
the United States and other countries. HPE® and HPE ProLiant® are the registered trademarks of
HPE, Inc. Nutanix is not associated with, sponsored or endorsed by HPE®.
42
Nutanix
Hyperconverged
Infrastructure:
How it works
43