Report
On
Job Rotation
Program
In
Report on
Prepared for
Shahrukh Ahmed
Executive Vice President & Head of HR
Human Resources Division
Bank Asia Limited
Corporate Office
Tea board building (1st floor)
111-113, Motijheel C/A
Dhaka-1000
Prepared by
Mst. Farhana Akhter
Management Trainee
Employee ID# 1000
Bank Asia Limited
Date of Submission
6th October 2008
6th October, 2008
To
Shahrukh Ahmed
Executive Vice President & Head of HR
Human Resources Division
Bank Asia Limited
Corporate Office
Tea board building (1st floor)
111-113, Motijheel C/A
Dhaka-1000
Sincerely Yours
………………….
Mst. Farhana Akhter
Management Trainee
Employee ID# 1000
Bank Asia Limited
PREFACE
Job rotation program is an effective technique used hugely in various
institutions as on the job training program. This program enables a new
employee to gain the insight into the operational activities of the
organization. I was assigned in job rotation program in MCB Sk Mujib Road
Branch to have an exposure of real life banking program. I visited every
department in the branch and tried to touch every desk to gather available
information and to have an exposure of activities carried out in every desk at
my level best. I enriched my knowledge form day-to-day operation of bank’s
different department. And accordingly I prepared this report and here my
emphasis was on precision, accuracy and eagerness of learning.
It is necessary to mention that this report just contain the ABC of various
banking activities, terminology and mechanism. So this may not present
much significance to a banker, but help the newcomer to be familiar with the
banking arena.
While preparing this report I freely took help from various book and articles
which enables me to get theoretical knowledge to understand the operational
activities of the bank.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am also indebted to all officers and unit heads for their relentless co-
operation. It has been a great pleasure working with all the officials and
stuffs of every department. Without their cordial help it would never be
possible for me to prepare such a report. I acknowledge their support with
immense adherence.
CHAPT
ER 1
INTRODUCT
ION
INTRODUCTION…………………………………….
To make an effective on the job training program it is necessary to conduct a
Job Rotation Program for the newly recruited employees. With the help of
the program we can build ourselves confident that we can handle the
practical job life
OBJECTIVES:
Though the main objectives to prepare myself in such a manner that I can
equip myself with the practical field as well as to be able to know the
different aspects of the bank, however there are various other objectives that
are as follows –
• To know about the Bank in brief,
• To be familiar with the mission & vision of Bank Asia Limited.
• To know about the general Banking activities of the bank.
• To know about the foreign exchange system.
• To know about the involvement of the bank in import & export
finance.
• To know about the remittance of funds.
• To gain an understanding on the working environment of the branch
of Bank Asia Limited.
• To adopt with banking as a different service industry.
• To make reconciliation between the theoretical knowledge they have
and practices carried out in the bank
SCOPE:
This report covers all the operational areas of MCB Sk Mujib Road Branch
comprise with General Banking Department, Accounts Department, Foreign
Exchange & Credit Department. This program confined itself in
understanding with the basic activities of the bank rather aiming to the
extensive analysis of all operational areas of Bank Asia Limited. Its scope is
also subject to time constraints. As a result, focus on other Department of a
bank like Treasury, International Division, Information Technology
Division, Human Resources Division etc is beyond its scope.
METHODOLOGY:
This report is completely based on practical experience gathered in the job
rotation program. Here the emphasis is on observation of all the operation of
all desks rather learning by doing. It is an orientation to bridge the
theoretical knowledge with the day-to-day practice. Here information is
gathered by conversation, interview and discussion with the officers of
different divisions in the respective branch and questioning of respective
officers on relevant issues. And the whole process was supervised by the
divisional in-charge and coordinated by the branch manager.
LIMITATIONS:
During the job rotation period, I had to face some problems which could
have affected my report. The limitations were:
• The time frame was very short to gather in depth knowledge about all
the jobs related to banking activities.
• Workload of the employees acted as another barrier while gathering
data.
CHAPTER 2
COMPANY
OVERVIEW
VISION:
Bank Asia’s vision is to have poverty free Bangladesh in course of a
generation in the new millennium, reflecting the national dream. Our vision
is to build a society where human dignity and human rights receive the
highest consideration along with reduction of poverty.
Training Officer
Senior Officer
GENERAL BANKING
I was assigned in the general banking department in the first week of my job
rotation program. This department consists of three coordinating sections:
All these three sections are coordinated with one another and perform their
best in achieving branch’s objectives.
CUSTOMER SERVICE:
Customer service is very important department for bank. For clients it is the
entrance. Courtesy is the key to customer service. From customer service
clients can know different products, services and policies. Banks impression
mainly depends on performance of the customer service. Its function is to
develop relationship with customer.
Customer service mainly provides the following services:
• Account opening
• Account closing and editing
• Issuing cheque book
• Providing account statement
• Issuing solvency certificate
• Stop payment
• Posting transfer entry
• Issuing Pay Order & Demand Draft
• Other Services
Opening an account:
Account opening is one of the most important tasks for customer service.
Different rules and procedure need to maintain for different types of
account.
Types of Accounts:
For Associate/Club/Society/Charity:
• Minutes of the Committee meeting authorizing the opening of an
account with the Bank duly certified by the Secretary and the
Chairperson.
• A copy of Laws and Bye-Laws/Constitution duly attested by proper
authority.
• A Copy of the resolution of the Committee authorizing Signatories to
operate the account
• Certificate of Registration; where applicable.
Issuing chequebook:
Chequebook is issued only for CD, SB and STD a/c holder. For new A/C
holder thanks letter is required for issuing chequebook. Thanks letter is
nothing but a means of verifying the address of a/c holder. For existing A/C
holder Chequebook requisition slip is needed. Chequebook register is
maintained with serial number of the Chequebook, A/C number and
signature of the receiver. Only 10-leaf Chequebook is issued for savings
(SB) A/C and 25-leaf, 50-leaf Chequebook is issued for current deposit (CD)
A/C and short-term deposit (STD) A/C.
Closing an account:
An account is being closed in two ways:
1. Forced closing: An account is made closed forcefully when it is
observed that:
There is no transaction during last 6/12 months
Balance is zero
The a/c holder is accused of money laundering
There is other illicit activity on the part of a/c holder.
2. Closing upon a/c holder’s request: In each case, a minimum charge of
Tk. 200.00 plus incidental charges is deducted from the a/c balance.
Other Services:
It provides other services as Issuing ATM card, SMS banking, Internet
banking facilities and related works regarding this and overall marketing of
Bank’s assets and liabilities.
ACCOUNT SECTION:
In banking business transactions are done every day and these transactions
are to be recorded properly and systematically as the banks deal with the
depositors’ money. Any deviation in proper recording may hamper public
confidence and the bank has to suffer a lot. Improper recording of
transactions will lead to the mismatch in the debit side and credit side. To
avoid these mishaps, the bank provides a separate department whose
function is to check the mistakes in passing vouchers or wrong entries or
fraud or forgery. This department is called Accounts Department.
Besides these, the branch has to prepare some internal statements as well as
some statutory statements, which are to be submitted to the Central Bank
and the Head Office. This department prepares all these statements.
Periodical functions:
Periodical functions of accounts department include the preparation of
different weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly and annual statement. The
accounts department prepares the following statements:
• Monthly statement of deposits, loans and advances, profit and loss etc.
• Quarterly statement of deposits, loans and advances, profit and loss
etc.
• Yearly statement of deposits, loans and advances, profit and loss etc.
• Yearly statement of classified Loans and Advances.
• Statement of Affairs.
• Yearly Budget of the Branch, etc.
CLEARING SECTION:
9. Then the bank officer comes back to his office along with the
checks
drawn on his bank (Inward checks) and the printed statement. Then he
checks manually all the checks and send all the checks drawn on other
branches to have the confirmation on fund sufficiency in the respective
customer account and to debit accordingly from customer account.
10. Then the responsible officer gives posting vide STELAR (the
banking
software of Bank Asia Limited) and credit each and every customer’s
account for outward collection. But at this stage customer is not allowed to
draw money form their account as the account is marked by “Under
Process” for this credited amount.
And here the officer pass posting in his own system as follows:
11. Then within 5 p.m. all the branches send bank the return checks
with
return memo. And in return memo specific mark is given to the reason for
check return. Usually a bank return or dishonor checks for the following
reasons:
Insufficient fund.
Check out of date/post dated.
Amount in figure and word differs.
Drawer’s signature differs from the specimen recorded in
our office.
Payment stopped by drawer.
Crossed check to be presented through a bank.
Payee’s endorsement required.
Or any other reason as written on the memo.
And then the respective bank officer will make posting of return checks in
Nikash and take print and affix the copy with return checks bank wise and
also take a copy of Nikash posting in Floppy disk. And then he attends
return house and places the disk to computer section and again exchange the
return checks and cross match the return checks with each other. And then
BB representative upon making announcement take print of NIKASH posted
cross match entries of return checks and give this print copy to each bank
representative and then the bank officer come back to his office with the
return checks of its customer. And he makes posting in STELAR for return
checks and debit/bounce respective customer’s account and now clear the
under process mark on the amount that was posted today’s morning. And
now customers can withdraw money form his or her checking account.
Here BB makes the following posting for return checks:
And the Bank officer when come back his office, pass the following posting
in his system for return checks as follows:
12. And then the clearing section of Bank collects checks for next
day
settlement and takes same arrangement as illustrated here.
All the activities as illustrated above require proper care and concentration.
And this will ensure the collection and payment of local remittance to the
customer account with in least possible time, successfully and accurately.
CASH SECTION:
General Functions:
• At the start of the day preparatory activities include bringing out the
money detector machine, changing the date of the seals etc.
• Four types of seals are used here – cash received, cash paid, transfer
Received for clearing and received for collection.
• Accounts are debited for payment and accounts are credited for
receipts.
• At the end of the day total amount of the receipts and payments
counter are counted to prepare daily cash position .
Some Precautions:
Cash management deals with the management of inflow and outflow of cash
of the Branch. It forecast cash inflows and outflows and accordingly
arranges sufficient cash to meet client’s cash withdrawal demand. But
excessive cash holding force a negative impact on the earning potentials of
the branch. So that one important task of it is to trade off between this two
i.e. cash sufficiency and earning potentialities. Usually this job is assigned to
Cash In-charge of the Branch. The Cash In-charge’s responsibilities are
stated below sequentially:
• Maintain vault register for in and out flow of cash in the vault by
amount and by denomination. Vault is a strong room under joint custodian
where all the cash are stored of a Branch. In cash register the Cash In-
Charge records each and every transaction of cash and confirms the balance
after each transaction. So any one can know the current cash status of the
Branch at any time. And at the end of the day Cash In-Charge along with
joint custodian will check the vault cash balance with the balance in the
Vault register.
• Also Cash In-Charge give opening cash at the beginning of the day to
the teller and collect the day end cash in the hand of teller and keep it in
vault.
• This section also provides foreign remittance service to its customers.
Usually it collects foreign remittance through ITT (International Telegraphic
Transfer), and FDD (Foreign Demand Draft).
Vault Limit:
is a critical issue for the cash department. It defines the limit that is insured
by an insurance company. That means the limit of cash reserve covered by
the insurance premium. The vault limit of MCB SK.Mujib Road branch is
Tk.1.5 crore.
Counter Limit and Carrying limit:
Counter limit is the highest amount which can maintain in cash at a time. In
MCB SK. Mujib Road branch insurance coverage is TK. 35 Lacks.
Carrying Limit is the highest amount insured in transit. One branch need to
transfer money from one branch to another branch and also to Bangladesh
Bank.
Cash Transaction Report (CTR): Monthly report on customers’ every
day’s transaction equivalent to or over five lac during the month concerned.
Suspicious Transaction Report (STR): Report on transactions not
consistent with KYC (Know Your Customer)
Due care and concentration is required to perform all these activities
successfully and flawlessly and this is very crucial for smooth continuation
of Bank business as cash is treaded the most sensitive asset of any
organization. And for bank it is the lifeblood proper circulation of which
result on the good health of the bank
CHAPT
ER 4
FOREIGHN
EXCHANGE
FOREIGN EXCHANGE:
In banks, the foreign exchange refers to the general mechanism by which a
bank converts a currency of one country into that of another. Foreign trade
gives rise to the foreign exchange.
The bank deals in foreign exchange when it is so authorized by the
Bangladesh Bank under Section 3 of Foreign Exchange Regulations Act
1947. And is then known as Authorized Dealer. The MCB SK Mujib Road
Branch is an authorized dealer that has been operating the foreign exchange
business effectively for a long time.
The activities of foreign trade department of this branch can be categorized
into three main sections:
• Import
• Export
• Foreign Remittance
Foreign trade of a country refers to its imports and exports of merchandise
from and to other countries. This trade happens among the foreign countries
through foreign exchange.
IMPORT:
One of the salient functions of the commercial bank in the world is to
undertake import of merchandise into the country and payment of foreign
exchange towards the cost of merchandise of the foreign suppliers or
beneficiaries.
An importer always intends to build up a business relation with the best-
suited suppliers for him for the goods he wants to procure from global
market. Upon selecting the right one sales agreement takes place between
these two parties. And in sales contract two parties come in agreement on
the payment of the transaction. As importer and exporter are from different
global location, they want to secure their transaction. And at this point both
parties rely on 3rd party institution to secure the transaction and this
institution is Bank.
The payment methods of international trade are as follows:
• Cash in Advance
• Open Account
• Documentary Collection
• Documentary Credit(L/C)
In the above first three methods i.e. Cash In Advance, Open Account &
Documentary Collection by their nature have failed to protect mutual
interest between Buyer & seller. During that time, an inevitable objective to
mitigate the mentioned gap between Buyer and seller, as well as amplify the
confidence among them in a single international trade mechanism, the
modern commercial letter of credit practice has been evolved as a panacea
for the international trade practitioners. Now it’s considered as most reliable
international payment mechanism all over the world, which is discussed in
the next.
Documentary credit
What it is:
Generally, L/C or letter of credit or documentary credit is a conditional,
definite undertaking of the issuing bank at the request and instruction of the
applicant in favor of the beneficiary to make payment provided that term and
conditions of the credit complied with.
According to Article-2 of the uniform Customs and Practices for
Documentary Credit (UCP-600)-
“Credit means any arrangement, however named or described, that is
irrevocable and thereby constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank
to honor a complying presentation.”
In order to determine complying presentation in a particular letter of credit
transaction, the following three conditions has now been satisfied. i.e.
“A Presentation that is in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
credit, the applicable provisions of these rules and international standard
banking practice.”
Why Bank Involve:
The following are the prime reasons for involving bank in L/C transaction:
For expediting the international trade.
To act as a media between applicant and beneficiary.
To secure the beneficiary’s payment.
To protect money laundering.
To compliance with laws of international, importer & exporter’s rules
and regulations.
Parties of a L/C:
• Applicant: Applicant means the party on whose request the credit is
issued.
• Beneficiary: Beneficiary means the party on whose favor the credit is
issued.
• Issuing Bank: It means the bank that issues a credit at the request of
an applicant or on its own behalf.
• Advising Bank: Advising Bank means the bank that advises the
credit at the request of issuing bank
• Nominated Bank: The bank with which the credit is available or any
bank in case of a credit is available with any bank.
• Reimbursement Bank: The bank or to whom the bill will be drawn.
It is mentioned in the credit to make payments against stipulated
documents complying with the terms of the credit. It may or may not
be the issuing bank.
• Confirming Bank: The bank that adds its confirmation to the credit
and it is done at request of the issuing bank. The confirming bank may
or may not be the advising bank.
Local Required document for opening an LC:
The applicant must have a CD account with the bank.
Formal LC opening application.
Must have the import Registration Certificate (IRC), TIN and VAT
certificate.
Credit Information Bureau (CIB) report of the client.
Charge Documents such as DP note, GLCA, Letter of hypothecation,
Counter guarantee etc.
Duly filled up and signed LC application from, IMP (Import
Permission) Form, LACF (L/C authorization form)
Indent/ Proforma Invoice/ Contracts applicant *1
Credit Report of the supplier * 2
Insurance cover note with money receipt
*1 Proforma Invoice: If the beneficiary company/ exporter do not have any
agent in our country then them they send quotation en their company pad.
This is called proforma invoice.
*1 Indent: If the beneficiary has agents in Bangladesh then the agent send
quotation on behalf of the company then it is called indent.
*2 Credit Report of Supplier: If pro forma invoice is submitted with LC
opening application then credit report is mandatory is applied LC amount is
TK 2 lac or above it. In case of indent credit report of supplier is mandatory
if it is equal to taka 5 lac or above.
IMP Form: For the reporting to the Bangladesh Bank, Bank Asia fills in the
prescribed IMP form and sends it to Bangladesh Bank describing all the
information regarding the letter of credit.
L/C Mechanism:
The following diagram brings out clearly the operation of letter of credit:
Contract for
sale (1)
Advising/
Confirming
Bank
Open L/C &
Sends to (3)
The various steps involved in the operation of a letter of credit are described
as follows:
1. The importer and exporter have made a contract before a letter of credit
has been issued.
2. The importer applies for a letter of credit from his banker known as the
issuing bank. He may have to use his credit lines.
3. The issuing bank opens the letter of credit that is channeled through its
overseas correspondent bank, known as the advising bank.
4. The advising bank informs the exporter (the beneficiary) of the arrival of
the letter of credit.
5. Exporter ships the goods to the importer or other designated place as
stipulated in the letter of credit.
6. Meanwhile, the exporter also prepares his own documents and collects
transport documents or other documents from relevant parties. All these
documents will be sent to his banker, which is acting as the negotiating
bank.
7. Negotiation of export bills happens when the banker agrees to provide
him with finance. In such case, he obtains payment immediately upon
presentation of documents. If not, the documents will be sent to the
issuing bank for payment or on an approval basis as in the next step.
8. Documents are sent to the issuing bank (or reimbursing bank, which is a
bank nominated by the issuing bank to honor reimbursement from
negotiating bank) for reimbursement or payment.
9. Issuing bank honors its undertaking to pay the negotiating bank on
condition that the documents comply with the letter of credit terms and
conditions.
10.Issuing bank releases documents to the importer when the latter makes
payment to the former or against the latter’s trust receipt facility.
11.The importer takes delivery of goods upon presentation of the transport
(usually shipping) documents.
2. Then the bank, after completing the above formalities proceeds for
opening the credit. Usually bank opens the credit through the SWIFT
(Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunication)
message and sends it to the advising bank containing the relevant
information.
Usually the bank keeps 10% margin of total L/C value depending on the
banker customer relationship.
4. Add Confirmation:
At times beneficiary of letter of credit does not accept letter of credit (issued
by issuing bank) as he is not assured of the credit worthiness of issuing
bank. The beneficiary therefore insists that such letter of credit be further
confirmed by a bank in seller’s country. The advising bank can do so if there
is prior arrangement between advising and issuing bank. When the advising
bank in the seller’s country adds it confirmation to the credit and advises the
letter of credit to the beneficiary (seller), the correspondent bank becomes
both confirming as well as advising banker.
7. Settlement:
If the documents are found as per credit requirement, settlement in fulfilling
the commitment of issuing bank in regard to effecting payment may be done
under three separate arrangements:
• Settlement by payment:
Documentary bills can be either DP (Documents against Payment) or DA
(Documents against Acceptance). Under DP the seller presents the
documents to the paying or negotiating bank and the bank then scrutinizes
the documents & then it makes payments to the beneficiary by debiting the
issuing bank account with it or claim reimbursement from the designated
bank as instructed by the issuing bank in the reimbursement clause of letter
of credit.
The issuing bank on receipt of the documents, duly negotiated by the foreign
bank, will carefully check the documents in accordance with the terms &
conditions of credit. On being satisfied the issuing bank will lodge bill by
responding the debit advice initiated by negotiating bank in PAD (Payment
against Documents) by converting foreign currency representing the bill
amount and foreign correspondents charges into Taka by applying the BC
rate on the date of lodgment.
After lodgment the issuing bank will ask the importer to retire the bill, if it is
a sight bill, by sending cost memo indicating amounts payable by him under
different heads. As soon as the import bill is retired against payment the
entire deal against the credit stands closed. Bank then reports this transaction
on usual form of Bangladesh Bank.
• Settlement by Acceptance:
All documents under acceptance are usance bills. Documents against
Acceptance bills are released to the drawee on mere acceptance of the claim.
The drawee is deemed to have accepted the claim when he signs his name
across the bill. In usance or time bill there is maturity period which is called
tenor.
The seller submits the documents evidencing the shipment to the accepting
bank accompanied by a draft drawn on the bank at the specific tenor.
Accepting bank is the bank nominated in the letter of credit to accept usance
bills drawn under the credit. When the accepting bank is other than the
issuing bank, the accepting bank sends the documents to the issuing bank
stating that it has accepted the draft. At maturity reimbursement is obtained
in the pre-agreed manner, subject to satisfying the credit requirements of the
documents.
• Settlement by Negotiation:
If there is discrepancy in the documents, the bank should immediately
advice the importer to seek his acceptance of the documents despite the
discrepancy. The bank may be prepared to negotiate documents and the
amount for the documents negotiated is held under reserve. This means that
the bank puts the fund at the seller’s disposal against an acceptable letter of
indemnity whereby the exporter agrees to reimburse the negotiating bank
with the amount and other charges in case of documents are rejected by the
importer.
EXPORT:
EXP form:
All export must be declared on EXP form. These forms will be supplied by
Authorized Dealer for use of the exporter. The authorized Dealer should,
before certifying any export form, ensure that the export is registered with
CCI&E under the Registration (Importers & Exporters) order 1952. The
registration number should be quoted on the relative EXP forms.
The exporter should take the preparation for exporter arrange for delivery of
goods as L/C & incoterms, prepare & submit shipping documents for
payment/ acceptance/ negotiations in due time.
International Commercial Terms:
In international trade a variety of cost involved namely merchandise cost,
carriage cost, insurance cost, customs & duties, and other charges and
commission for banking facilities. Among them only merchandise cost is
covered through L/C. Other expenses are beard either by the exporter or
importer. In international business some internationally recognized terms are
used to denote who will bear how much of the cost beyond merchandise
cost. These terms are known as Inco-terms grouped in the following chart:
Name
Group of Annotations
Terms
Ex- Goods will be delivered at the premises of the supplier’s
E Works factory meaning that exporter’s responsibility ends at his
factory premises.
FAS Free Alongside Ship, which means that exporter will bear
the cost incurred in carrying the merchandise to the ship at
the port of loading.
F Free On Board, which means that exporter, will bear the
FOB cost incurred in carrying the merchandise to the board/ deck
of the ship.
Free carrier, which means that exporter, will bear the cost
FCA incurred in carrying the merchandise to the board of the
carrier in the airport.
Carriage & Freight meaning that exporter will bear the cost
CFR involved in carrying the invoice goods to the port of
destination.
Carriage, Insurance & Freight meaning that exporter will
C CIF bear the insurance cost in addition to the cost involved in
carrying the invoice goods to the port of destination.
Carriage & insurance Paid meaning same as CIF and used
CIP in road transportation.
Carriage & Insurance Paid To meaning same as CIF&CIP
CPT and used in airway transportation.
Delivered at frontier/border meaning that exporter will bear
DAF the cost involved in carrying the invoice goods to the
frontier of importer’s country.
Delivered Ex-ship which means that exporter will bear all
D DES the cost incurred in carrying the merchandise to the port of
destination.
DDU Delivered duty unpaid.
DDP Delivered duty paid.
DEQ Delivered exquay which stands at the opposite of Ex-works.
• Selection of borrower:
First of all we have to know the customer. If the applicant is new to us then
we let him to open bank account and continue transaction for a certain time
and upon good reflection of transaction we will proceed with the loan
proposal. Having an account or opening an account is must to proceed for
any loan request from any customer. What ever we want to facilitate the
customer depends on our knowledge on the client. And an account helps up
to enrich our knowledge on our client. And if the transaction in the customer
account reflects healthy and sound views then we proceed with the loan
application to the next step.
Here we go through in-depth study of the credit request. The prime motive
of this study is to identify the purpose of the loan and the ability of the
borrower to implement the purpose and pay back the loan amount along with
interest to the bank.
And for the study we collect various information on the applicant vide the
following Forms:
• Loan Application form duly filled up
• Sponsor Director Information
• Personal Net Worth Statement of all Directors
• Project feasibility study by the client
• Annual Audited Financial Statement of the client.
• Copy of land valuation report in case of property mortgage.
• Papers on land and building or any other property.
• Preparation of proposal:
Then we draft the proposal for the loan facility to the customer and send this
proposal to the Head Office through Zonal Head. Usually a loan proposal
covers information on the following areas:
This proposal is send to head office along with Risk Grade Score Sheet,
Copy of Land valuation report, FSS, Copy of audited accounts of the
applicant & copy of feasibility report of the project.
Then head office will evaluate the proposal and upon due approval send the
proposal to the branch.
This proposal is send to head office along with Risk Grade Score Sheet,
Copy of Land valuation report, FSS, Copy of audited accounts of the
applicant & copy of feasibility report of the project.
Then head office will evaluate the proposal and upon due approval send the
proposal to the branch.
• Documentation:
Upon receipt of the approval from head office we will send the approval to
the customer and request this to inform us in written his due acceptance of
the approval and then we will proceed to the documentation. It is a very
important part of credit activities. Failure of proper documentation may lead
to a loss of bank in case of client’s failure to repay it. If all the charge
documents are not maintained properly then bank may fail to take any legal
action against the defaulter.
• Reporting:
This department prepares various reports on daily, weekly, monthly,
quarterly and yearly basis and provides those reports for internal uses, head
office and to the Bangladesh Bank through Head office.
• Performance evaluation:
To control the total activities performance evaluation is done and by this the
actual performance can be compared with the standard performance. Credit
is the most crucial and sensitive division of a Bank. So it must be competent
enough to chose the right place to land others money and ensure sustainable
growth of the bank as well as the society at a whole. Otherwise it will cut
long-term loss of the bank that may lead to threat to the existence of the
bank. So utmost care and sincerity must be placed in choosing the business
house to extend loan facilitate.
Portfolio of Credit:
Commercial banks make advances in different forms. All types of credit
facilities can be broadly classified into the following groups:
1. Continuous Loan: Here the customer avail the loan facility continuously
for a specific time period. And the customer can enjoy the facility at any
time with in the period. And also noted here that with in stipulated limit he
can enjoys the facility as much as he desires. That’s why this loan
arrangement is also termed as revolving loan. This is a very much popular
form of loan facility in the business community. Two most popular
continuous loans are as follows:
Over Draft (OD): This is a loan arrangement between bank and customers
by which the customer can draw money over and above his credit amount in
his account up to a certain limit as approved by the bank. This loan is for
one year time and renewable upon maturity. Generally on maturity the
customer clear all debit balance of this account and request the bank to
renew the facility and then bank proceed on to renew the facility. Usually
collaterals secure this facility and also guarantee as the bank ask for. This
loan is termed as Secured Over Draft (SOD) when the facility is secured by
cash equivalent i.e. FDR certificate, DPS certificate or any other Savings
Instrument. This type of loan i.e. overdraft crafts the major portion of total
loan portfolio of the bank. This loan is disbursed in client’s present current
account as maintained with the bank. And interest on this loan is calculated
on daily basis but charged in customer account quarterly.
2. Demand loan: This loan is repayable by the borrower on demand. That
means for this loan the borrower is bound to pay back on demand of bank.
And hence this loan becomes due after one day of its drawing. Bank
provides a wide range of loan under this head as follows:
Force Loan: Some time the bank is forced to create some loan for some
specific purpose for instance to wash out PAD (describe later on here) with
in 21 days of its creation if there is no LTR or LIM arrangement and the
customer fails to pay in cash. Another one may be claim on Bank guarantee.
In this situation the bank is forced to create a loan and make payment to the
beneficiary.
a) Short-term loan: The tenor of this loan is less than one year.
b) Mid Term loan: The tenor of this loan is between one to five years.
This type of loan is most preferred by both bank and the borrower.
This loan is comprises with consumer credit, Agro credit, Micro
Credit etc.
c) Long Term Loan: The tenor of this loan is more that five years. This
is not viable for the banker as here the fund is locked up for a long
period and hence risk exposure is higher that other term loans.
Packing Credit: Some times by the lien of Master L/C bank may extend
loan amounting 10-15% on Master L/C value to the exporter to complete
packing formalities and ship the goods to the importer. And upon receipt of
Master L/C proceeds this loan is adjusted.
Beside these funded facilities, means those loan for which bank already
channeled this fund, there are some no funded arrangement for which bank
don’t lock its fund immediately but will make it in future time. For instance:
Customer Segment- Any Bangladeshi individual who has the means and
capacity of to repay bank loan can be customer. In specific terms, these
could be salaried executive of multinational and middle to large size local
corporate, Government officials, Officials working in reputed NGOs,
international aid agencies and UN bodies, any tax paying businessmen of
repute, any employed/ self- employed/ tax paying individual having a
reliable source of income.
Loan Size: For both reconditioned & new cars, the loan size is maximum
Tk. 2.0 million.The loan amount cannot exceed 80% for recondition & 90%
for new cars of the vehicle price. Maximum tenor of loan for new cars is 72
months and for reconditioned cars is 60 months.
Interest rate: It is to be prescribed time to time by the management. Now
the rate is 16% p.a. with quarterly rest.