HALAMAN JUDUL.................................................................................................. i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................viii
INTISARI................................................................................................................... ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang .............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Tujuan Umum Kerja Praktek ........................................................................ 2
1.3 Latar Belakang Perusahaan .......................................................................... 3
1.4 Sejarah Perusahaan ....................................................................................... 4
1.5 Visi, Misi, dan Etos Kerja Perusahaan ......................................................... 8
1.6 Lambang dan Makna PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang .............................. 9
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................................ 11
2.1 Pengertian Pupuk .......................................................................................... 11
2.2 Ammonia (NH3)............................................................................................ 12
2.2.1 Sifat Fisis dan Sifat Kimia .................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Toksisitas Amonia ................................................................................ 15
2.2.3 Kegunaan Ammonia ............................................................................. 16
2.2.4 Pengaruh Amonia Terhadap Tanaman.................................................. 17
2.3 Urea............................................................................................................... 18
2.3.1 Pembuatan dan Sifat-sifat Urea ............................................................ 19
2.3.2 Bentuk-bentuk Urea .............................................................................. 22
2.3.3 Syarat Mutu Standart Pupuk Urea ........................................................ 23
BAB III SPESIFIKASI BAHAN BAKU DAN PRODUK ....................................... 24
3.1 Bahan Baku Proses Pembuatan Amonia....................................................... 24
3.2 Bahan Baku Utama Proses Pembuatan Amonia ........................................... 24
3.3 Bahan Baku Penunjang Proses Amonia ....................................................... 28
3.4 Spesifikasi Produk ........................................................................................ 30
3.4.1 Amonia .................................................................................................. 30
3.4.2 Urea ....................................................................................................... 35
BAB IV PROSES PRODUKSI.................................................................................. 37
4.1 Proses Pembuatan Amonia ........................................................................... 37
4.1.1 Unit Feed Treating ................................................................................ 37
4.1.2 Tahap Pembentukan Gas Sintesis ......................................................... 38
4.1.3 Tahap Pemurnian Gas Sintesa .............................................................. 41
4.1.4 Tahap Sintesis Amonia (Ammonia Synthesis) ...................................... 47
4.1.5 Purge Gas Recovery Unit (PGRU) ....................................................... 51
4.2 Urea............................................................................................................... 52
4.2.1 Unit Sintesa ........................................................................................... 54
v
4.2.2 Seksi Sintesa ......................................................................................... 56
4.2.3 Seksi Purifikasi ..................................................................................... 59
4.2.4 Seksi Konsentrasi .................................................................................. 61
4.2.5 Seksi Recovery...................................................................................... 63
4.2.6 Seksi Process Condensate Treatment.................................................... 65
4.2.7 Sistem Vacuum Generation .................................................................. 65
4.2.8 Sistem Proses Condensate Treatment ................................................... 67
4.2.9 Steam dan Steam Kondensate ............................................................... 68
4.2.10 Cooling Water ..................................................................................... 70
BAB V SPESIFIKASI ALAT .................................................................................... 71
BAB VI UTILITAS ................................................................................................... 76
6.1 Unit Utilitas .................................................................................................. 76
6.1.1 Filter Water Treatment .......................................................................... 76
6.1.2 Penyaringan Zat Padat yang terapung................................................... 77
6.1.3 Clarifier ................................................................................................. 77
6.1.4 Clarifier Water Basin ............................................................................ 79
6.1.5 Pressure Sand Filter .............................................................................. 79
6.1.6 Ultrafiltration System............................................................................ 80
6.1.7 Reverse Osmosis System ...................................................................... 80
6.1.8 Cooling Water System .......................................................................... 82
6.1.9 Plant Air and Instrument Air System .................................................... 83
6.1.10 Gas Metering System .......................................................................... 84
6.1.11 Ammonia Storage System................................................................... 85
6.1.12 Waste Water System ........................................................................... 86
BAB VII LOKASI DAN TATA LETAK PABRIK .................................................. 88
7.1 Lokasi PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja ......................................................................... 88
7.2 Tata Letak PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja ................................................................... 90
BAB VIII STRUKTUR ORGANISASI .................................................................... 93
8.1 Struktur Organisasi dan Manajemen Perusahaan ......................................... 93
8.2 Peraturan-Peraturan Kerja ......................................................................... 101
DAFTAR PUSTAKA................................................................................................107
LAPIRAN
Diagram Flow
Tugas Khusus
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1. Bagan Holding Pupuk Indonesia ........................................................... 6
Gambar 1.2. Lambang PT Pusri Palembang .............................................................. 9
Gambar 4.1. Block Diagram Proses Pembuatan Ammonia ....................................... 37
Gambar 4.2. Block Diagram Pabrik Urea Pusri IIB .................................................. 53
Gambar 7.1. Peta Lokasi PT Pusri Palembang .......................................................... 89
Gambar 7.2. Tata Letak PT Pusri Palembang ............................................................ 91
Gambar 8.1. Struktur Organisasi PT Pusri Palembang .............................................. 95
Lampiran 2. Tugas khusus ...................................................................................... 110
viii
INTISARI
ix