Pengukuran Suhu dan Temperatur Ruang

Awal Ahkir Rata-rata

P (Kpa) 698 698 698
T (°C) 26.4 26.6 26.5

Data Fisik
T 25 30 26.5
Densitas 0.997047 0.9956488 0.99662754
Viskositas 0.0089 0.00798 0.008624

Kalibrasi Venturimeter ( Pipa 1")

Q(ml/s) Q (ml /s )
2 2 2
Run Bukaan Δhv (cm) V (ml) t (s)
1 0 14 1940 10 194 37636
2 11.1 1640 10 164 26896
3 10 1620 10 162 26244
4 8 1400 10 140 19600
5 7 1380 10 138 19044
6 3 1340 10 134 17956
7 3 1.6 980 10 98 9604
8 0.8 940 10 94 8836

Kalibrasi Venturimeter ( Pipa 3/4")

Q(ml/s) Q (ml /s )
2 2 2
Run Bukaan Δhv (cm) V (ml) t (s)
1 0 14 2000 10 200 40000
2 10.2 1800 10 180 32400
3 9 1640 10 164 26896
4 7 1580 10 158 24964
5 1 5.5 1400 10 140 19600
6 3 1260 10 126 15876
7 3 1.1 960 10 96 9216
8 0.7 900 10 90 8100

Kalibrasi Venturimeter ( Pipa 1/2")

Q(ml/s) Q (ml /s )
2 2 2
Run Bukaan Δhv (cm) V (ml) t (s)
1 0 13.8 2120 10 212 44944
2 10 2000 10 200 40000
3 8 1820 10 182 33124
4 6.2 1640 10 164 26896
5 1 4.5 1460 10 146 21316
6 1.5 1260 10 126 15876
7 3 0.8 940 10 94 8836
8 0.6 880 10 88 7744
Faktor Gesekan Fanning (f ')

1E+01 1E+02 1E+03

0.1

0.01 Bilangan Reynolds (NRe)

 Kalibrasi Venturimeter Pipa 1"
40000 4
35000 f(x) = 2671.3337374405x 4
30000 R² = 0.9549548222 3
3
25000
Q2 (ml2/s2)

Q2 (ml2/s2)
2
20000
2
15000
1
10000 1
5000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Δhv (cm)

Nre Teoritis Q teoritis

Pipa 1" 10141.12548 25814.43 183.3333333333
Pipa 3/4" 13521.50064 34419.24 466.6666666667
Pipa 1/2" 20282.25096 51628.86

e teoritis 0.00015 f (grafik) 1/2" 0.0068

e/D pipa 1" 0.005639098 f (grafik) 3/4" 0.008
e/D pipa 3/4" 0.007518797 f (grafik) 1" 0.0089
e/D pipa 1/2" 0.011278195

L/D pipa 1" 62.40601504 Le/D valve 1" 7.894737

L/D pipa 3/4" 62.40601504 Le/D valve 3/4" 10.52632
L/D pipa 1/2" 62.40601504 Le/D valve 1/2" 15.78947

∆p/ρ Pipa 1" 923.7233461 Le/D Tee Band 18.42105

∆p/ρ Pipa 3/4" 2919.421933 Le/D Double Elbow ###
∆p/ρ Pipa 1/2" 14779.57354 Le/D Reducer 36.84211
 ∆H pipa 1" 905248.8792
∆H pipa 3/4" 2861033.495
∆H pipa 1/2" 14483982.07

Faktor Gesekan Fanning (f ')

3 1E+04 1E+05 1E+01
0.1

Pipa 1

0.01

0.001
lds (NRe)
 Kalibrasi Venturimeter Pipa 3/4" Kalibras
45000 50000
f(x) = 3139.1910656277x f(x) = 3802.83
40000 45000 R² = 0.958073
R² = 0.9703691601
35000 40000
35000
30000

Q2 (ml2/s2)
Q2 (ml2/s2)

30000
25000
25000
20000
20000
15000 15000
10000 10000
5000 5000
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2

Δhv (cm)
Faktor Gesekan Fanning (f ')

1E+01 1E+02 1E+03 1E+04

0.1

0.01

0.001 Bilangan Reynolds (NRe)

 Kalibrasi Venturimeter Pipa 1/2"
50000
f(x) = 3802.8377924012x
45000 R² = 0.9580732858
40000
35000
Q2 (ml2/s2)

30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Δhv (cm)
 Faktor Gesekan Fanning (f ')
1E+04 1E+05 1E+01 1E+0
0.1

Pipa 3/4
0.01

0.001

0.0001
1E+02 1E+03 1E+04 1E+

Pipa 1/2

Bilangan Reynolds (NRe)

 Karakteristik Pipa 1"
D (cm) 2.66 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Height (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 166 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14.3 8 195.44715 38199.59 10811.4 0.050782
2 13.6 7.8 190.60346 36329.68 10543.47 0.052061
3 11.1 6 172.19591 29651.43 9525.229 0.049066
4 9.5 5 159.3027 25377.35 8812.026 0.047775
5 7.4 4 140.59737 19767.62 7777.317 0.049066
6 5.2 2.8 117.85907 13890.76 6519.52 0.048877
7 3 1 0.8 51.684621 2671.3 2858.999 0.072618
8 0.7 0.6 43.242456 1869.91 2392.01 0.077805
Rata-rata 7404.996 0.056006

Karakteristik Pipa 3/4"

D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 166 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14 24.5 209.63969 43948.8 15461.97 0.001309
2 10.5 20.5 181.5533 32961.6 13390.46 0.001746
3 8.9 18 167.14927 27938.88 12328.09 0.00206
4 7.3 14 151.38084 22916.16 11165.09 0.002511
5 1 5 10 125.28368 15696 9240.295 0.003666
6 3.1 6 98.648467 9731.52 7275.816 0.005913
7 3 1.6 1.5 70.871151 5022.72 5227.1 0.011456
8 0.8 1.5 50.113471 2511.36 3696.118 0.022913
Rata-rata 9723.118 0.006447

Karakteristik Pipa 1/2"

D (cm) 1.33 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 166 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f
(cm6/s2)
1 0 13.6 74 227.41609 51718.08 25159.6 0.000147
2 10.8 57 202.65794 41070.24 22420.55 0.000185
3 8.4 46.3 178.7275 31943.52 19773.07 0.000237
4 6.5 34 157.22023 24718.2 17393.66 0.000307
5 1 5.1 20.4 139.26335 19394.28 15407.05 0.000391
6 1.6 11.6 78.003077 6084.48 8629.673 0.001245
7 3 1 3.5 61.666847 3802.8 6822.356 0.001993
8 0.6 2 47.766934 2281.68 5284.574 0.003321
Rata-rata 15111.32 0.000978
ness Height (eps) m 0.00015
lic Diameter (Dh) m 0.0266 Karakteristik Pipa 1"
ynolds Number 7404.996 45000
f colebrook 0.0402 40000
35000 f(x) = 4817.6720524018x
log Nre log f V (cm/s) R² = 0.9986233914
30000

Q2 (cm6/s2)
25000
4.033882 -1.294293 24.43089
20000
4.022983 -1.283491 24.43634
15000
3.978875 -1.309218 28.69932
10000
3.945076 -1.3208 31.86054
5000
3.89083 -1.309218 35.14934
0
3.814216 -1.310892 42.09252 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3.456214 -1.138957 64.60578 ∆Hp (cm)
3.378763 -1.108994 72.07076
3.869525 -1.251764 40.41819

ness Heigh (eps) m 0.00015

lic Diameter (Dh) m 0.01995 Karakteristik Pipa 3/4"
ynolds Number 9723.118 50000
f colebrook 0.0406 45000
40000
f(x) = 1667.361522903x
log Nre log f V (cm/s) 35000 R² = 0.9951114088
Q2 (cm6/s2)

30000
4.189265 -2.882965 8.556722 25000
4.126795 -2.758026 8.856258 20000
4.090896 -2.686227 9.286071 15000
10000
4.047862 -2.60016 10.81292
5000
3.965686 -2.435807 12.52837
0
3.861882 -2.228198 16.44141 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
3.718261 -1.940957 47.24743 ∆Hp (cm)
3.567746 -1.639927 33.40898
3.987806 -2.190665 18.39227

ness Heigh (eps) m 0.00015

lic Diameter (Dh) m 0.0133 Karakteristik Pipa 1/2"
ynolds Number 15111.32 60000
f colebrook 0.4285
50000 f(x) = 712.5066763239x
R² = 0.9948062003
log Nre log f V (cm/s) 40000
Q² (cm6/s2)

4.400704 -3.834116 3.07319 30000

4.350646 -3.734001 3.555402
20000
4.296074 -3.624857 3.860205
10000

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
∆Hp (cm)
 40000

Q² (cm6/s2
30000

20000

4.240391 -3.513491 4.624124 10000

4.187719 -3.408148 6.826635
0
3.935994 -2.904698 6.724403 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
3.833934 -2.700578 17.6191 ∆Hp (cm)
3.72301 -2.478729 23.88347
4.179302 -3.009633 8.770816
 log f vs log Nre
-1
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1
-1.05

-1.1

-1.15 f(x) = - 0.3074947732x - 0.0863581123

log f
R² = 0.8639763516
-1.2

-1.25

-1.3

6 7 8 9 -1.35
log Nre

" log f vs log Nre

0
3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3
-0.5

-1

-1.5
log f

f(x) = - 2x + 5.4955649643
-2 R² = 1
-2.5

-3

20 25 30 -3.5
log Nre

" log f vs log Nre

0
3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
log f

-2.5
f(x) = - 2x + 4.9672911871
-3 R² = 1
-3.5
-4
50 60 70 80 -4.5
log Nre
 -1.5
-2

log f
-2.5
f(x) = - 2x + 4.9672911871
-3 R² = 1
-3.5
-4
50 60 70 80 -4.5
log Nre
4 4.1

4.2 4.3

4.4 4.5
 Karakteristik Valve 1"
D (cm) 2.66 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 21 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14.5 4.7 196.8092 38733.85 10886.74 0.095445 7.344624
2 13.5 4.4 189.9014 36062.55 10504.63 0.0965 7.385138
3 10.3 3.3 165.8746 27514.39 9175.56 0.100598 7.259663
4 9.5 2.9 159.3027 25377.35 8812.026 0.101857 6.916942
5 7.6 2.3 142.4847 20301.88 7881.715 0.105412 6.857313
6 3.5 1 96.69307 9349.55 5348.697 0.118758 6.473985
7 3 1.4 0.5 61.15407 3739.82 3382.813 0.136725 8.092481
8 1 0.3 51.68462 2671.3 2858.999 0.143984 6.797684
Rata-rata 7356.398 0.11241 7.140979
Persamaan Garis
a -0.3075
b 0.2211

Karakteristik Valve 3/4"

D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 21 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 13.5 8 150.033 22509.9 11065.68 0.255649 6.8065
2 11.5 6.5 138.4742 19175.1 10213.16 0.300109 6.492069
3 9 5.5 122.5014 15006.6 9035.091 0.383473 7.019203
4 7 4.2 108.0361 11671.8 7968.201 0.493037 6.891581
5 1 5 3.2 91.30717 8337 6734.359 0.690252 7.35102
6 2.8 1.7 68.32803 4668.72 5039.533 1.232592 6.973624
7 3 1.6 1.1 51.65114 2667.84 3809.529 2.157037 7.896604
8 0.6 0.4 31.62973 1000.44 2332.85 5.752098 7.657313
Rata-rata 7024.8 1.408031 7.135989
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956

Karakteristik Valve 1/2"

D (cm) 1.33 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 21 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 12.3 112.5 93.61556 8763.873 10356.92 0.086465 48.56225
2 8.8 78 79.18389 6270.088 8760.309 0.120854 47.06124
3 6.5 56.8 68.05377 4631.315 7528.956 0.163618 46.39663
4 4.3 38 55.35154 3063.793 6123.678 0.247329 46.92093
5 1 3.5 22 49.93781 2493.785 5524.743 0.303862 33.37383
6 2.6 14.5 43.04098 1852.526 4761.73 0.409044 29.61052
7 3 1.8 5.8 35.81226 1282.518 3961.999 0.590842 17.1083
8 0.3 3.8 14.62029 213.753 1617.479 3.545052 67.25333
Rata-rata 6079.477 0.250939 42.03588
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 6.9673
 0.00015
0.0266 Karakteristik Valve 1" (full open)
7356.398 45000
0.0403 40000
f(x) = 8367.932487385x
35000 R² = 0.9990533687
Le/D V (cm/s) 30000

Q2 (cm6/s 2)
25000
19.23781 41.87429
20000
19.13257 43.15941
15000
18.04122 50.26504
10000
16.97715 54.93197
5000
16.26316 61.94985
0
13.6285 96.69307 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
14.79703 122.3081 ∆Hp (cm)
11.80285 172.2821
16.23504 80.43298
K grafik 7.233457

0.00015
0.01995 Karakteristik Valve 3/4"
7024.8 25000
0.0425 f(x) = 2812.0566532258x
20000 R² = 0.9987406225
Le/D V (cm/s)
Q2 (cm6/s2)

15000
6.65998 18.75412
5.673317 21.30372 10000
4.439987 22.27299
5000
3.453323 25.72288
2.466659 28.53349 0
1.381329 40.19296 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.789331 46.95558 ∆Hp (cm)
0.295999 79.07433
3.144991 35.35126
K grafik 6.810464

0.00015
0.0133 Karakteristik Valve 1/2"
10000
9000
f(x) = 80.5065895121x
8000 R² = 0.9889144793
7000
s2)

6000
 Karakteristik Valve 1/2"
6079.477 10000
0.047 9000
f(x) = 80.5065895121x
8000 R² = 0.9889144793
Le/D V (cm/s) 7000

Q2 (cm6/s2)
6000
135.8658 0.832138 5000
97.20478 1.015178 4000
71.79899 1.19813 3000
2000
47.49779 1.456619
1000
38.66099 2.269901
0
28.71959 2.968343 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
19.8828 6.174528 ∆Hp (cm)
3.313799 3.847446
46.81459 2.470285
K grafik 46.99036
 4 4.5 5

7 8 9
100 120
 Karakteristik Valve 1"
D (cm) 2.66 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 21 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14 21.6 193.3861 37398.2 10697.39 0.095961 34.95952
2 13 20 186.3515 34726.9 10308.27 0.097061 34.85992
3 11.5 17.5 175.2711 30719.95 9695.336 0.098908 34.48101
4 10 14 163.4411 26713 9040.948 0.101056 31.72253
5 7 10.5 136.7447 18699.1 7564.199 0.106753 33.98842
6 4 4.5 103.3692 10685.2 5717.997 0.116345 25.49131
7 3 1.3 1.5 58.92953 3472.69 3259.76 0.138291 26.14494
8 0.9 1 49.03234 2404.17 2712.284 0.146335 25.17661
Rata-rata 7374.523 0.10759 30.85303
Persamaan Garis
a -0.3075
b 0.2211

Karakteristik Valve 3/4"

D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 21 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14.3 24.9 154.4144 23843.82 11388.83 0.241347 20.00004
2 11 20.2 135.4304 18341.4 9988.668 0.313751 21.09242
3 8.8 16.3 121.1327 14673.12 8934.137 0.392188 21.27515
4 6.9 13.5 107.2616 11505.06 7911.08 0.500182 22.47255
5 1 4.5 9.3 86.62159 7503.3 6388.774 0.766946 23.73767
6 3 6.9 70.72623 5002.2 5216.412 1.15042 26.41773
7 3 1 2 40.83381 1667.4 3011.697 3.451259 22.97194
8 0.6 1.9 31.62973 1000.44 2332.85 5.752098 36.37223
Rata-rata 6896.557 1.571024 24.29247
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956
 0.00015
0.0266 Karakteristik Valve 1" (half open)
7374.523 40000
0.04024 35000 f(x) = 1774.276834203x
R² = 0.9971739243
30000
Le/D V (cm/s)
25000

Q2 (cm6/s 2)
88.87473 8.953062 20000
87.86783 9.317577 15000
86.22703 10.01549 10000
84.39391 11.67437 5000
79.89047 13.0233
0
73.30403 22.97094 0 5 10 15 20 25
61.67085 39.28636 ∆Hp (cm)
58.28085 49.03234
79.26903 20.53418
K grafik 34.11421

0.00015
0.01995 Karakteristik Valve 3/4"(half open)
6896.557 30000
0.0426
25000
Le/D V (cm/s) 20000 f(x) = 907.6028126352x
R² = 0.9961610739
Q2 (cm6/s2)

21.85805 6.201383 15000

16.81389 6.704476
10000
13.45111 7.431451
10.54689 7.945307 5000
6.878409 9.31415 0
4.585606 10.25018 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
1.528535 20.4169 ∆Hp (cm)
0.917121 16.64723
9.572452 10.61388
K grafik 21.10148
20 25

25 30
 Karakteristik Tee Band
D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 49 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 11.4 14.7 137.8708 19008.36 10168.66 0.302742 14.81085
2 10.8 10.5 134.1936 18007.92 9897.446 0.319561 11.16691
3 9 9.5 122.5014 15006.6 9035.091 0.383473 12.12408
4 7 6 108.0361 11671.8 7968.201 0.493037 9.845116
5 1 4.8 4.8 89.46239 8003.52 6598.297 0.719012 11.48597
6 3.3 3.1 74.1783 5502.42 5471.019 1.045836 10.78985
7 3 1.3 1.1 46.55771 2167.62 3433.863 2.654814 9.718897
8 0.8 0.5 36.52287 1333.92 2693.744 4.314073 7.178731
Rata-rata 6908.29 1.279069 10.89005
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956

Karakteristik Double Elbow

D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 63.3 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 12.4 6 143.7907 20675.76 10605.28 0.278327 5.557727
2 8.8 5.5 121.1327 14673.12 8934.137 0.392188 7.178731
3 7 3.6 108.0361 11671.8 7968.201 0.493037 5.90707
4 5 2.4 91.30717 8337 6734.359 0.690252 5.513265
5 1 2.7 1.7 67.0968 4501.98 4948.723 1.278244 7.231906
6 1.8 1 54.7843 3001.32 4040.615 1.917366 6.381094
7 3 0.8 0.6 36.52287 1333.92 2693.744 4.314073 8.614477
8 0.6 0.4 31.62973 1000.44 2332.85 5.752098 7.657313
Rata-rata 6032.238 0.860286 6.755198
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956

Karakteristik Reducer
D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 49 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 12 2.1 141.4525 20008.8 10432.82 0.287605 2.010045
2 8.1 1.5 116.2151 13505.94 8571.439 0.426081 2.127031
3 6.6 1 104.904 11004.84 7737.189 0.522918 1.740298
4 4 0.7 81.66762 6669.6 6023.394 0.862815 2.010045
5 1 2.6 0.4 65.84254 4335.24 4856.215 1.327407 1.767072
6 1.8 0.3 54.7843 3001.32 4040.615 1.917366 1.914328
7 3 1.1 0.3 42.82686 1834.14 3158.694 3.137508 3.132537
8 0.6 0.2 31.62973 1000.44 2332.85 5.752098 3.828656
Rata-rata 5894.153 1.779225 2.316252
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956
 0.00015
0.01995 Karakteristik Tee Band
6908.29 20000
f(x) = 1519.6739100062x
0.0426 18000 R² = 0.9792188356
16000
Le/D V (cm/s) 14000

Q2 (cm6/s2)
12000
10.40679 9.378967 10000
9.859068 12.78034 8000
8.21589 12.89489 6000
4000
6.390136 18.00602
2000
4.381808 18.638
0
3.012493 23.92848 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1.18674 42.32519 ∆Hp (cm)
0.730301 73.04574
5.522904 26.3747
K grafik 12.60229

0.00015
0.01995 Karakteristik Double Elbow
6032.238 25000
0.0436
20000
Le/D V (cm/s) f(x) = 3117.467151488x
Q2 (cm6/s2)

15000 R² = 0.9864505682
5.518044 23.96511
3.916031 22.02412 10000
3.115025 30.01003
5000
2.225018 38.04466
1.20151 39.4687
0
0.801006 54.7843 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.356003 60.87145 ∆Hv (cm)
0.267002 79.07433
1.785246 43.53034
K grafik 6.143289

1.5E-04
0.01995 Karakteristik Reducer
25000

20000
f(x) = 9535.2604923798x
R² = 0.9936427434
s2)

15000
 Karakteristik Reducer
5894.153 25000
0.0437
20000
f(x) = 9535.2604923798x
Le/D V (cm/s) R² = 0.9936427434

Q2 (cm6/s2)
15000
1.74589 67.35832
1.178476 77.47671 10000
0.960239 104.904
5000
0.581963 116.668
0.378276 164.6063
0
0.261883 182.6143 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0.16004 142.7562 ∆Hp (cm)
0.087294 158.1487
0.669258 126.8166
K grafik 2.008506
14 16

6 7
2 2.5
 Karakteristik (pipa+valve) 1"
D (cm) 2.66 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14 30 193.3861 37398.2 10697.39 0.273555 48.55489
2 13 28 186.3515 34726.9 10308.27 0.294597 48.80389
3 10.5 22.5 167.4773 28048.65 9264.214 0.36474 48.55489
4 9 19.5 155.0539 24041.7 8576.996 0.425529 49.09438
5 1 7 14.1 136.7447 18699.1 7564.199 0.547109 45.64159
6 4.3 8.6 107.1755 11486.59 5928.546 0.890643 45.31789
7 3 2 2.4 73.09309 5342.6 4043.235 1.914882 27.19074
8 0.8 1.8 46.22813 2137.04 2557.166 4.787206 50.98263
Rata-rata 7367.502 1.187283 45.51761
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956

Karakteristik (Pipa+valve) 3/4"

D (cm) 1.995 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 13.5 36 205.8621 42379.2 11387.52 0.241403 16.26886
2 10.4 35.8 180.6867 32647.68 9994.908 0.313359 21.00091
3 9 21.9 168.0857 28252.8 9297.868 0.362104 14.84534
4 6.6 17.8 143.94 20718.72 7962.218 0.493778 16.45374
5 1 4.3 11 116.1833 13498.56 6426.823 0.757892 15.60676
6 3 6.8 97.04432 9417.6 5368.126 1.086312 13.82853
7 3 1.1 1.8 58.76325 3453.12 3250.562 2.962669 9.983165
8 0.9 0.7 53.15336 2825.28 2940.244 3.62104 4.745085
Rata-rata 7078.533 0.62476 14.09155
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956

Karakteristik (Pipa+valve) 1/2"

D (cm) 1.33 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
 f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 13.8 125 229.0822 52478.64 12671.96 0.194945 9.010935
2 8.3 93 177.6605 31563.24 9827.508 0.324125 11.14663
3 4.6 76.3 132.2607 17492.88 7316.161 0.584835 16.50082
4 4.5 73 130.8151 17112.6 7236.201 0.597831 16.13798
5 1 3 49.7 106.8101 11408.4 5908.333 0.896747 16.48064
6 1.8 26 82.73476 6845.04 4576.575 1.494579 14.36944
7 3 0.7 9.8 51.59419 2661.96 2853.996 3.843202 13.9273
8 0.4 6.2 39.00154 1521.12 2157.418 6.725604 15.41951
Rata-rata 6568.52 0.725546 14.12416
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 7.4956
 0.00015
0.0266 Karakteristik (pipa+valve) 1"
7367.502
0.0402 40000
35000 f(x) = 1252.7979016713x
Le/D V (cm/s) 30000
R² = 0.9983549751

Q2 (cm6/s2)
25000
44.15466 6.446205
20000
41.00076 6.655412
15000
33.116 7.443436
10000
28.38514 7.95148
5000
22.07733 9.698202
0
13.56179 12.46227 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
6.307809 30.45545 ∆Hp (cm)
2.523124 25.68229
23.89083 13.34934
K grafik 48.31485

0.00015
0.01995 Karakteristik (pipa+valve) 3/4"
7078.533
0.0425 45000
40000
Le/D V (cm/s) 35000 f(x) = 1100.8797684666x
R² = 0.9808738932
30000
Q2 (cm6/s2)

18.01597 5.718391 25000

13.87897 5.047114 20000
12.01064 7.675146 15000
8.807806 8.086516 10000
5000
5.738419 10.56212
0
4.003548 14.27122 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
1.467968 32.64625 ∆Hp (cm)
1.201064 75.93338
6.961232 19.99252
K grafik 17.39641

0.00015
0.0133 Karakteristik (pipa+valve) 1/2"
6568.52
60000

50000

40000
6/s2)

f(x) = 332.2448818584x
R² = 0.942024113
 Karakteristik (pipa+valve) 1/2"

0.0465 60000

Le/D V (cm/s) 50000

40000

Q2 (cm6/s2)
f(x) = 332.2448818584x
14.6022 1.832657 R² = 0.942024113
30000
8.782483 1.910328
4.8674 1.733429 20000
4.761587 1.791988 10000
3.174391 2.149097
0
1.904635 3.182106 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0.740691 5.264713 ∆Hp (cm)
0.423252 6.290571
3.923426 3.019361
11.38651
30 35

35 40
120 140
 Karakteristik Pipa 1" + 3/4"
D (cm) 1.33 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14.3 3 233.1953 54380.04 25798.97 0.00047 0.208701
2 11 2 204.5258 41830.8 22627.19 0.000611 0.180874
3 9.4 1.8 189.067 35746.32 20916.95 0.000715 0.190495
4 7.8 1.5 172.2261 29661.84 19053.8 0.000862 0.191309
5 1 5.6 1 145.9304 21295.68 16144.64 0.001201 0.177644
6 3.6 0.8 117.0046 13690.08 12944.51 0.001868 0.221068
7 3 1.2 0.5 67.55265 4563.36 7473.516 0.005605 0.414503
8 0.8 0.2 55.1565 3042.24 6102.1 0.008407 0.248702
Rata-rata 16382.71 0.002468 0.229162
Persamaan Garis
a -2
b 5.4956

Karakteristik Pipa 1" + 3/4"

D (cm) 2.66 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) Nre f k
(cm6/s2)
1 0 14 4.5 230.7362 53239.2 12763.46 0.044773 0.319759
2 10.8 3.7 202.6579 41070.24 11210.27 0.046595 0.340814
3 8.7 2.8 181.8911 33084.36 10061.53 0.04817 0.320168
4 7.7 2 171.1186 29281.56 9465.634 0.049083 0.258391
5 1 5.8 1.6 148.5134 22056.24 8215.204 0.051269 0.27443
6 3.4 1.3 113.708 12929.52 6289.901 0.055657 0.380367
7 3 1.3 0.5 70.31102 4943.64 3889.341 0.064523 0.382618
8 0.9 0.3 58.50231 3422.52 3236.127 0.068276 0.331602
Rata-rata 8141.434 0.053543 0.326019
Persamaan Garis
a -0.3075
b -0.0864
 0.00015
0.0133
16382.71
Karakteristik Pipa (1" + 3/4")
0.0384
60000
Le/D V (cm/s) f(x) = 19136.9112634672x
50000 R² = 0.9923839107
110.9351 77.73176 40000

Q2 (cm6/s2)
73.95672 102.2629
66.56105 105.0372 30000

55.46754 114.8174 20000

36.97836 145.9304
10000
29.58269 146.2558
18.48918 135.1053 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
7.395672 275.7825
49.92078 137.8654 ∆Hp (cm)

K grafik 0.197683

0.00015
0.0266 Karakteristik Pipa (1" + 3/4")
8141.434 60000
0.0396
50000 f(x) = 11878.7483025611x
R² = 0.9922485583
Le/D V (cm/s) 40000
Q2 (cm6/s2)

1.785454 51.27471 30000

1.82858 54.77242
20000
1.66164 64.9611
1.316086 85.55928 10000
1.338185 92.8209
0
1.708545 87.46773 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
1.482492 140.622 ∆Hp (cm)
1.214201 195.0077
1.541898 96.56073
K grafik 5.095449
 3 3.5

4 4.5 5
 Karakteristik Valve 1" variasi by pass
D (cm) 1.33 g (cm/s²) 980 Roughness Heigh (eps) m
ρ air (g/cm3) 0.99662754 L (cm) 187 Hydraulic Diameter (Dh) m
μ air (g/cm.s) 0.008624 Reynolds Number
f colebrook
Q²
Run Bukaan ∆Hv (cm) ∆Hp (cm) Q (cm³/s) (cm6/s2) Nre f k

1 1 2/8 4.6 22 110.8512 12287.98 12263.74 0.092013 6.773055

2 2 5/8 4.2 4.3 126.3794 15971.76 13981.67 0.088377 1.018493
3 3 7/8 4 2.8 123.3337 15211.2 13644.71 0.089043 0.696365
4 5 2/8 3 1 106.8101 11408.4 11816.67 0.09307 0.331602
Rata-rata 12926.7 0.090626 2.204879
Persamaan Garis
a -0.3075
b 0.2211
 0.00015
0.0133 Karakteristik Valve 1" variasi by pass
12926.7 20000
0.0434 15000 f(x) = 768.6110496157x

Q2 (cm6/s2)
R² = 0.393519365
10000
Le/D V (cm/s)
5000
18.40247 5.038689
0
2.881094 29.39056 0 5 10 15 20 25
1.955143 44.04775 ∆Hp (cm)
0.890738 106.8101
6.032361 46.32178
K grafik 0.197683
20 25
 1" 16.23504
Full open 3/4" 3.144991
valve 1/2" 46.81459
1" 79.26903
Half open
3/4" 9.572452
tee band 5.522904
fitting double elbow 1.785246
reducer 0.669258
1" 23.89083
pipa + alve 3/4" 6.961232
1/2" 3.923426
Pipa 3/4" 49.92078
gabungan 1" 1.541898
Valve 1" variasi by pass 6.032361

Teoritis
1"
Full open 3/4"
valve 1/2"
1"
Half open
3/4"
tee band
fitting double elbow
reducer
1"
pipa + alve 3/4"
1/2"
Pipa 3/4"
gabungan 1"
Valve 1" variasi by pass