Chapter 25: Fiber-Optic Systems

TRUE/FALSE

1. Most new telephone trunk cables are fiber-optic.

ANS: T

2. Cable TV systems use fiber-optic cable.

ANS: T

3. Many data network cables are fiber-optic.

ANS: T

4. Fiber-optic cable is not practical for telephone trunk cables.

ANS: F

5. CATV uses analog modulation on fiber-optic cables.

ANS: T

6. Usually, splicing losses can be disregarded in loss-budget calculations.

ANS: F

7. The rise time of a transmitter limits its bandwidth.

ANS: T

8. RZ encoding allows twice as much pulse spreading as NRZ.

ANS: F

9. The product of bandwidth times distance describes dispersion in a multimode fiber-optic cable.

ANS: T

10. Regenerative repeaters for fiber-optic cables typically convert the light signal to an electrical
signal, and then back to light.

ANS: T

11. Optical amplifiers are not suitable for digital signals.

ANS: F

12. Dispersion effects accumulate when optical amplifiers are used.

ANS: T
13. Most fiber-optic systems use TDM.

ANS: T

14. Fiber-optic cables shorter than 100 km typically do not require repeaters.

ANS: T

15. SONET operates at a base speed of 25 Mbps.

ANS: F

16. SONET solves many of the timing problems in synchronizing digital signals.

ANS: T

17. SONET is typically used on LANs.

ANS: F

18. FDDI can be used on a LAN.

ANS: T

19. Soliton pulses can travel down a fiber-optic cable with no dispersion.

ANS: T

20. TDR cannot be used on fiber-optic cables.

ANS: F

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. FDDI stands for:

a. Fiber Digital Data Interface c. Fiber Distribution Delay Interface
b. Fiber Distributed Data Interface d. Frequency-Division Data Interface
ANS: B

2. FITL stands for:

a. Fiber In The Loop c. Frequency Input to The Loop
b. Fiber Input Timing Loss d. Fiber Input Timing Loop
ANS: A

3. FTTC stands for:

a. Fiber Transmission Timing Constraint
b. Fiber Transmission Technology Committee
c. Fiber Telephone Transmission Cable
d. Fiber To The Curb
ANS: D
 4. SONET stands for:
a. Simple Optical Network c. Synchronous Optical Network
b. Standard Optical Network d. none of the above
ANS: C

5. DWDM stands for:

a. Digital Wavelength-Division Modulation
b. Dense Wavelength-Division Modulation
c. Double Wavelength-Division Modulation
d. Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
ANS: D

6. A Soliton is a:
a. defect in the glass c. type of pulse
b. type of particle d. type of optical network
ANS: C

7. Adding bits to synchronize one digital signal to another is called:

a. bit stuffing c. SDH
b. bit-synch d. WDM
ANS: A

8. Power above the minimum required by an optical receiver is called:

a. gain margin c. excess gain
b. system margin d. overdrive
ANS: B

9. Typically, repeaters are not required for fiber-optic cable lengths up to:
a. 1000 miles c. 100 km
b. 100 miles d. 10 km
ANS: C

10. In SONET, OC-1 stands for:

a. Optical Carrier level one c. Optical Channel one
b. Optical Coupler unidirectional d. Optical Cable type 1
ANS: A

11. In SONET, STS stands for:

a. Synchronous Transport Signal c. Synchronous Transmission Signal
b. Synchronous Transport System d. Synchronous Transmission System
ANS: A

12. A commonly used fiber-based system for LANs is:

a. FDDI c. gigabit Ethernet
b. high-speed Ethernet d. all of the above
ANS: D
13. The use of solitons on fiber-optic cables is:
a. common c. obsolete
b. experimental d. not possible
ANS: B

14. OTDR stands for:

a. Optical Time-Delay Response c. Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer
b. Optical Timing Delay Requirement d. Optical Time-Division Relay
ANS: C

15. Using fiber-optic cable in a telephone system except for the connection to the subscriber's phone
is called:
a. FDDI c. FITL
b. FTTC d. SONET
ANS: B

COMPLETION

1. FTTC stands for Fiber To The ____________________.

ANS: Curb

2. FITL stands for Fiber In The ____________________.

ANS: Loop

3. SDH stands for Synchronous Data ____________________.

ANS: Hierarchy

4. WDM stands for ____________________-division multiplexing.

ANS: Wavelength

5. SONET stands for ____________________ Optical Network.

ANS: Synchronous

6. FDDI stands for Fiber ____________________ Data Interface.

ANS: Distributed

7. Optical amplifiers use ____________________-doped glass.

ANS: erbium

8. Optical amplifiers use a ____________________ laser.

ANS: pump

9. Dense ____________________ allows many different wavelengths of light to share a cable.

 ANS: WDM

10. The OC-1 line rate is ____________________ Mbps.

ANS: 51.84

11. SONET does not use bit ____________________ to synchronize two digital signals.

ANS: stuffing

12. SONET uses a ____________________ to denote the starting position of an information frame.

ANS: pointer

13. FDDI systems use two ____________________ rings to carry signals.

ANS: token

14. The two rings of an FDDI system carry data in ____________________ directions.

ANS: opposite

15. Each ____________________ in an FDDI system acts as a regenerative repeater.

ANS: node

16. FDDI uses ____________________ mode cables.

ANS: multi

17. The data rate of an FDDI system is ____________________ bps.

ANS: 100 M

18. SONET frames have considerably more ____________________ than do DS frames for
information about signal routing and setup.

ANS: overhead

19. The number of bytes in a SONET frame is ____________________.

ANS: 810

20. The number of bytes in the payload of a SONET frame is ____________________.

ANS: 774

21. The number of rows in a SONET frame is ____________________.

ANS: 9

22. The total number of overhead bytes in a SONET frame row is ____________________.
 ANS: 4

23. The number of path overhead bytes in a SONET frame row is ____________________.

ANS: 1

24. SONET frame rows contain path overhead and ____________________ overhead.

ANS: transport

25. In SONET, SPE stands for synchronous payload ____________________.

ANS: envelope

SHORT ANSWER

1. What is the bandwidth of a first-order LPF with a rise time of 350 nanoseconds?

ANS:
1 MHz

2. Calculate the total rise time for a fiber-optic system if the transmitter, receiver, and cable each
have a rise time of 50 nanoseconds.

ANS:
86.6 nanoseconds